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Please refer to the data article where the data is described (Data-in-brief, under review 2024). The data article refers to the paper "A method for generating complete EV charging datasets and analysis of residential charging behaviour in a large Norwegian case study". The Electric Vehicle (EV) charging dataset includes detailed information on plug-in times, plug-out times, and energy charged for over 35,000 residential charging sessions, covering 267 user IDs across 12 locations within a mature EV market in Norway. Utilising methodologies outlined in the paper, realistic predictions have been integrated into the datasets, encompassing EV battery capacities, charging power, and plug-in State-of-Charge (SoC) for each EV-user and charging session. In addition, hourly data is provided, such as energy charged and connected energy capacity for each charging session. The comprehensive dataset provides the basis for assessing current and future EV charging behaviour, analysing and modelling EV charging loads and energy flexibility, and studying the integration of EVs into power grids.

This review examines the robotic disassembly of electric vehicle batteries, a critical concern as the adoption of electric vehicles increases worldwide. This work provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of the art in robotic disassembly and outlines future directions for research and policy in this essential area. The study highlights the urgent need for sustainable management practices to mitigate the environmental impact of end-of-life batteries. It evaluates current robotic technologies, strategies for human–robot collaboration, and the role of artificial intelligence in enhancing the efficiency and safety of these processes. The investigation identifies significant challenges, including the absence of standardised designs and the inherent risks of handling batteries. The feasibility of adopting design-for-disassembly principles is explored as a way to improve recycling and repurposing efforts. The review suggests avenues for future research, focusing on developing advanced robotics solutions and establishing supportive regulatory frameworks. These efforts aim to foster sustainable practices in the lifecycle management of electric vehicle batteries, contributing to the broader goal of environmental sustainability in the electric vehicle and battery industries. Previous reviews generally focus on recycling electric vehicle battery chemistry and materials; this review complements previous research by focusing on robotised disassembly.

According to the State of California progressive climate goals, the energy sector power generation technology mix must evolve by 2045 into a renewable, zero-emissions system. Planning and evaluating options for the technology mix are needed to achieve a cost-effective and timely result. To this end, the State’s electric grid is modeled utilizing a least-cost optimization platform with the goal to identify the profile of technologies that fulfills the projected 2045 demand and while achieving both 100% carbon neutrality and minimal criteria air pollutant (CAP) emissions. Heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs) and refineries are prioritized due to their large contribution to emissions in the two highest emitting economic sectors: transportation and industry, respectively. For each of those subsectors, viable electrification scenarios are established and modeled to identify subsector-specific effects on the least-cost technology mix output. Then, the subsector scenarios are combined to evaluate the cost, air quality, and electric grid implications of the multi-sector electrification in the context of a 100% renewable grid. Using an optimization tool, HiGRID+, two multi-sector scenarios were identified that achieve California 2045 environmental targets. These scenarios implement heavy-duty battery electric vehicle (BEV) and fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) deployments along with the substitution of fuel cell systems for refinery processes. Emissions and air quality analyses reveal sufficient emission reductions across the board to meet the State goals. An optimistic versus conservative charging infrastructure analysis revealed that total cost of BEV deployment is driven by charging infrastructure buildout (vehicle to charger ratio) whereas the cost of FCEV deployment is driven by storage capacity assumptions and hydrogen fuel cost. The cost of the two scenarios, one BEV centric and one FCEV centric, are similar.

In the end of the 19th century the electric vehicle (EV) controlled the market for road transport. But with remarkable improvements in the performance of internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs), EVs had vanished from the scene by the 1930's. Since then, they have attracted interest from time to time when energy or environmental problems surfaced. Recently, with the increasing interest in environmental problems such as air pollution in urban areas, acid rain, and global warming, there has been more focus on development and extended use of electric vehicles throughout the world. The performance of EVs is gradually being improved through the adoption of technical improvements in batteries, motors, and others. However, the performance of commercial EVs is still not adequate for large scale introduction which has a substantial effect on the environment and energy situation. Legislation initiatives like the California CARB regulation promoting electric vehicles have greatly stimulated the research and development on electric car technolgies in small companies, university labs, and auto manufacturers. There has been a greater advance in control systems, drive components and batteries in the last three years than in the previous two decades. Despite all advancements that are made, the battery improvements appeared to be insufficient to lead to a wider scale introduction of the EV. It is therefore that the purpose of electric vehicles should be found in a niche market where range can easily be specified beforehand, like city distribution or taxi services. But even in these applications it has to compete with vehicle technologies that also have shown remarkable improvements in the last years. In this paper the energy use of an electric vehicle is studied, in order to be able to make a clear comparision between the electric vehicle and conventional or other alternative vehicle technologies. First a survey is presented of the most important battery technologies, being the bottle-neck for the development of the electric vehicle. After this the energy use of an electric vehicle is examined, which forms the bais of a comparision between electric vehicle and other type of vehicles.

Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy project sheet summarizing general information about the Batteries for Electrical Energy Storage in Transportation (BEEST) program including critical needs, innovation and advantages, impacts, and contact information. This sheet discusses a new capacitor design for electric vehicles as part of the "High Energy Density Capacitors" project.

The structure of traditional power systems is changing from passive to active due to the increased amount of renewable energy sources as well as the presence of microgrids, energy communities, active buildings, and active network management. Due to the stochastic nature of renewable energy sources, their intermittent output power can create stability issues within different levels of electrical systems. Therefore, as a potential solution, the integration of energy storage systems in different sizes/scales has become pivotal. In this chapter, different types of energy storage devices along with their applications and capabilities are discussed. The focus of this chapter is mostly on electrical and electrochemical energy storage that could be utilized in active buildings. These devices are categorized as static storages as well as mobile storages such as electric vehicles. The technologies, requirements, as well as the application of mentioned storages are presented in this chapter as well. ; ©2022 Springer. This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of a book chapter published in Active Building Energy Systems: Operation and Control. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-79742-3 ; fi=vertaisarvioitu|en=peerReviewed|

Launched in 2012, the Energy Cultures Project is led by the Centre for Sustainability at the University of Otago and aims to develop knowledge and tools to achieve a sustainable energy transition across New Zealand. The Energy Cultures 2 Project focuses on efficiency transitions in three domains: households, businesses and transport systems.These policy briefs are an output of the Energy Cultures 2 research programme, funded 2012-2016 by the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment. The purpose of these briefs is to assist with the design of improved policies and practices to promote more efficient energy use in households, businesses and transport in New Zealand.

The majority of transport decarbonisation pathways rely on the parallel electrification of the majority of modes of surface transport and significant expansion in renewable electricity generation. Whilst the integration of these two previously siloed sectors – electricity and transport – can benefit the low-carbon transition, there are barriers presenting their realisation. These issues are highly geographically contextual, and little research has been conducted in Lao PDR and the wider Southeast Asia region. To fill this research gap, this paper presents a study of how the barriers to, and enablers for, e-mobility and renewable energy integration in Lao PDR and the wider Southeast Asian region are viewed by different groups of stakeholders. Through engagement with 41 expert stakeholders from a wide range of backgrounds at both the international and national level, we present analysis of the difference in importance assigned to different barriers and enablers. Several differences were identified between how international and country-level stakeholders interpret these issues; generally, international stakeholders identify broad ‘top down’ barriers and enablers whereas country-level stakeholders identify with higher-resolution issues. By bringing their views together, the stakeholder interviews were analysed to support a set of 19 recommendations to international organisations, national governments, financial institutions and the private sector, in fostering e-mobility and renewable energy integration in Lao PDR to support low-carbon growth in the region.