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  • Energy Research
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  • Spanish; Castilian
  • Transport Research

  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Heredero Peris, Daniel; Chillón Antón, Cristian; Girbau Llistuella, Francesc; Gomis Bellmunt, Oriol; +2 Authors

    El 2 y 3 de noviembre del 2019 tuvo lugar en Barcelona la novena edición de la feria de la movilidad eléctrica, Expoelectric. Esta feria es una iniciativa pionera que acerca el vehículo eléctrico de cero emisiones y las energías renovables a la ciudadanía a través de un conjunto de actividades lúdicas y divulgativas para impulsar la movilidad eléctrica y la transición energética

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Recolector de Cienci...arrow_drop_down
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Recolector de Cienci...arrow_drop_down
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  • Authors: Dávila, Julio D;

    Using illustrations from some of Latin America's largest cities, the chapter examines the causes and consequences of urban expansion and the more recent phenomenon of urban sprawl. It reflects on the role of transport and mobility, both as consequences of urban growth and as causes of it. It reflects on the equity and sustainability dimensions of this phenomenon.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: González Barcenilla, Óscar;

    La preocupación mundial por el cambio climático ha impulsado a las industrias a buscar alternativas más sostenibles para lograr los objetivos medioambientales fijados por las administraciones. Como consecuencia, el transporte marítimo, responsable del 2-3% (IMO, 2023) de las emisiones globales de gases de efecto invernadero, está bajo presión para reducir su huella de carbono. La transición de combustibles tradicionales, como el fueloil pesado, al Gas Natural Licuado (GNL) se presenta como una solución efectiva en este proceso. El menor factor de emisión del GNL frente a otros combustibles tradicionales junto con la experiencia y el estado ‘maduro’ de la tecnología hace de éste, un combustible ideal para su rápida implantación y cumplimiento de las normas de la Organización Marítima Internacional (OMI). Dichas regulaciones van, paulatinamente, reduciendo los niveles admisibles de emisiones impulsando la investigación e inversión de las distintas figuras del sector. Tomando de referencia los datos reales de consumo de 8 buques tanque destinados al tráfico ‘tramp’ este trabajo de fin de máster calcula las emisiones de CO₂ emitidas a la atmósfera durante 4 años y analiza la transición de la muestra al uso de GNL explorando sus ventajas, desafíos e impacto. Los resultados del estudio estiman el hipotético potencial reductor de las emisiones de CO₂ cerca del 25% logrando, en la muestra estudiada, una reducción de 129.000 toneladas en el periodo estudiado. Global concern about climate change has prompted industries to look for more sustainable alternatives to achieve the environmental targets set by governments. As a consequence, shipping, responsible for 2-3% of global greenhouse gas emissions, is under pressure to reduce its carbon footprint. The transition from traditional fuels, such as heavy fuel oil, to Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) presents itself as an effective solution in this process. The lower emission factor of LNG compared to other traditional fuels together with the experience and 'mature' state of the technology makes it an ideal fuel for rapid deployment and compliance with International Maritime Organisation (IMO) regulations. These regulations are gradually reducing the admissible levels of emissions, driving research and investment by the various players in the sector. Taking as a reference the real consumption data of 8 tankers destined to tramp traffic, this master's thesis calculates the CO₂ emissions emitted to the atmosphere during 4 years and analyses the transition of the sample to the use of LNG, exploring its advantages, challenges and impact. The results of the study estimate the hypothetical potential for reducing CO₂ emissions by around 25%, achieving, in the sample studied, a reduction of 129,000 tonnes in the period studied. Doble Grado en Administración y Dirección de Empresas y Economía

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    UCrea
    Bachelor thesis . 2024
    Data sources: UCrea
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      UCrea
      Bachelor thesis . 2024
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  • Authors: Murillo-Masís, Rodrigo;

    Práctica de Especialidad (Bachillerato en Gestión del Turismo Sostenible) Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Escuela de Ciencias Sociales, 2019. ; El proyecto de investigación “Propuesta para la descarbonización del transporte turístico en Costa Rica, a partir de la Gestión del Turismo Sostenible en el 2019” busca identificar la situación de la descarbonización en el transporte turístico y cómo se ha implementado en el área de turismo en Costa Rica, para proponer una hoja de ruta a seguir en el proceso de descarbonización como política pública. ; The research project "Proposal for the decarbonization of tourist transport in Costa Rica, starting from Sustainable Tourism Management in 2019" seeks to identify the situation of decarbonization in tourist transport and how it has been implemented in the area of tourism in Costa Rica, to propose a roadmap to follow in the process of decarbonization as a public policy.

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  • Authors: Thomas, Hugo;

    Rapport réalisé pour l'ANR Modural. ; Since the Brundtland report and the Conference of Rio in 1992, the political agendas have seized the “sustainable city” paradigm, at the center of which lies the concept of “sustainable mobility”, despite the absence of a clear and operational definition. From a North-South circulation of models perspective, sustainable mobility has also been adopted by Latin-American public policies. However, due to the strong social concerns among the continent, and above all its cities, the environmental issues are in the background of the social protests that occur there. This report carries out a comparison between two Latin-American metropolis, Bogotá and Lima, on the basis of the public policies of mobility adopted and then of the environmental externalities produced by transport, and their mitigation measures. Both cities experienced urban transition and unplanned growth during the second half of the 20th century, but have followed different development paths along the last decades. Especially, Bogotá set up an ambitious public transport reform as long as the promotion of cycling thanks to its strong governance, whereas institutional fragmentation in Lima only produces a widely informal development. However, the lack of clear definition of funding for the transport reform as long as of joint planning of transport and urbanism put constraints to reaching sustainability in Bogotá: on the one hand, informal transport spreading again fills the gap of the new service, on the other hand, private modes, among which the moto, are growing quickly. These are major stakes to think about looking for a development pathway in Lima. In both cities, the stock of vehicles is ancient and produces a lot of environmental externalities. The analysis of the climate action and air pollution plans of both cities reveals methodological limits regarding the quantification of the impact of the proposed actions. That is why we set up an innovating methodology to assess the environmental impact of mobility. ...

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: García Orrico, Jesús;

    [ES] Con la redacción del último Plan de Movilidad Urbana Sostenible (PMUS) de la ciudad de Valencia se plantea un escenario de innovación en la movilidad. Es el propio plan el que realiza propuestas concretas de medidas a tomar para que la ciudad se transforme poco a poco en lo que hoy en día se considera una ciudad sostenible. A lo largo de este documento, se estudiará el papel de los planes de movilidad dentro del cambio que se está produciendo en las ciudades orientadas hacia un futuro sostenible. Se desarrollará en concreto el PMUS de la ciudad de Valencia como base desde la que plantear las posibles medidas que actúen en conjunto con la estrategia de movilidad que tiene la ciudad. Se analizará la problemática de la ciudad, las nuevas medidas innovadoras en el sector de la movilidad, y entre ellas se estudiará a fondo el sistema Car-Sharing, con sus diferentes modelos de funcionamiento y características específicas, tomando algunos ejemplos y casos de éxito en otras ciudades europeas. Una vez estudiado el sistema, con sus diferentes características y modalidades, se realizará la propuesta de implantación de un servicio de Car-Sharing en el área metropolitana de la ciudad de Valencia, eligiendo un modelo mixto que se adapte a las necesidades de cada usuario. De esta forma, un usuario podrá decidir en cada momento si desea utilizar el servicio con el modelo Tradicional, One Way o en Free Floating. En todo momento se apostará por vehículos que reduzcan la emisión de gases contaminantes, utilizando una flota de vehículos en su mayoría 100% eléctricos y en menor medida híbridos enchufables. Se realizará un análisis económico de la implantación del sistema, haciendo una estimación de crecimiento para 2021 y se hará una propuesta para la localización de las estaciones de recogida, devolución y recarga de vehículos. Con todo ello, se propondrán medidas complementarias para mejorar la sostenibilidad del transporte urbano de la ciudad que actúen en conjunto con el sistema de Car-Sharing, convirtiendo la intermodalidad en la base fundamental del desarrollo de este trabajo. [CA] Amb la redacció de l'últim Pla de Mobilitat Urbana Sostenible (PMUS) de la ciutat de València es planteja un escenari d'innovació en la mobilitat. És el propi pla el que realitza propostes concretes de mesures a prendre perquè la ciutat es transforme a poc a poc en el que hui en dia es considera una ciutat sostenible. Al llarg d'este document, s'estudiarà el paper dels plans de mobilitat dins del canvi que s'està produint en les ciutats orientades cap a un futur sostenible. Es desenrotllarà en concret el PMUS de la ciutat de València com a base des de la que plantejar les possibles mesures que actuen en conjunt amb l'estratègia de mobilitat que té la ciutat. S'analitzarà la problemàtica de la ciutat, les noves mesures innovadores en el sector de la mobilitat, i entre elles s'estudiarà a fons el sistema Car-Sharing, amb els seus diferents models de funcionament i característiques específiques, prenent alguns exemples i casos d'èxit en altres ciutats europees. Una vegada estudiat el sistema, amb les seues diferents característiques i modalitats, es realitzarà la proposta d'implantació d'un servici de Car-Sharing en l'àrea metropolitana de la ciutat de València, triant un model mixt que s¿adapta a les necessitats de cada usuari. D¿aquesta manera, un usuari podrà decidir en cada moment si desitja utilitzar el servici amb el model Tradicional, One Way o en Free Floating. En tot moment s'apostarà per vehicles que reduïsquen l'emissió de gasos contaminants, utilitzant una flota de vehicles majoritàriament 100% elèctrics i en menor grau híbrids enchufables. Es realitzarà una anàlisi econòmica de la implantació del sistema, fent una estimació de creixement per a 2021 i es farà una proposta per a la localització de les estacions d'arreplega, devolució i recarrega de vehicles. Amb tot això, es proposaran mesures complementàries per a millorar la sostenibilitat del transport urbà de la ciutat que actuen en conjunt amb el sistema de Car- Sharing, convertint la intermodalitat en la base fonamental del desenrotllament d'aquest treball. [EN] With the latest publication of the Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan (PMUS) of Valencia, a new scenario is set for the innovation in terms of mobility. The Plan makes some specific proposals for the city to change step by step into, what nowadays would be considered, a sustainable city. Throughout this document we will study the role of the mobility plans into the shift that the cities are making into a sustainable future. We will specifically develop the PMUS of Valencia as the basis for the measures that the city will have to apply together with the mobility strategy that the city already has. We will analyse the difficulties of the city, the new measures developed in the mobility area, and among them, we will study the Car-Sharing system in depth, with all the different solutions and specifications, taking some examples of successful cases all over Europe. Once we have studied the system, we will make a proposal for the implementation of the Car-Sharing system in the metropolitan area of Valencia, choosing a mixed model that adapts to any user needs. This way, the user will be able to decide if he wants to use the service with the Traditional model, One Way or Free Floating. We will always bet on vehicles that are respectful with the environment, choosing a fleet of mostly 100% electric cars and some Plug-in hybrids. We will elaborate an economic study for the system implementation, making some growing estimations for 2021. We will also make a proposal for the location of the pick up/drop-off/charging stations. Finally, we will make proposals for some complementary measures to improve the sustainability of urban transportation system in the city, working together with the Car-Sharing system, making intermodality the fundamental basis of this document.

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  • Authors: Barrios Torres, Rodolfo Andrés; Medina Berdugo, Keylin Juanita;

    Una de las principales causas del cambio climático es el uso de los combustibles fósiles que provocan un aumento de emisión de dióxido de carbono (CO2) y contribuye a un incremento de la temperatura en la tierra. Por lo tanto, se trata de remediar dichos efectos a través de diferentes mecanismos, uno de ellos es usar más fuentes renovables de energía e incentivar un mayor uso del transporte eléctrico tanto público como privado. Para ello es importante acompañar esta estrategia con la implementación de estaciones de recarga públicas para los vehículos eléctricos. Actualmente se observa que en Barranquilla no se registra estaciones eléctricas públicas, por esta razón el proyecto se basa en el diseño de un sistema fotovoltaico para una estación de recarga con dos módulos para vehículos y uno para buses eléctricos con generación fotovoltaica de 240kW, que se ubicaría en el parqueadero de la Universidad del Norte. Para estructurar este diseño, se analizaron los posibles lugares, la cantidad de radiación solar que recibe este sector durante un período de dos años (2019-2020), y el sistema de carga para buses y automóviles eléctricos teniendo en cuenta las marcas comerciales que actualmente se cuentan en el país o que llegarán en un futuro muy cercano. A partir de esto, se prosigue con el diseño fotovoltaico y su respectivo sistema de protecciones -de acuerdo con el reglamento RETIE y la norma técnica NTC2050- y puesta a tierra. Por último, se realiza la validación del sistema fotovoltaico ON-GRID que suplirá la demanda de la estación de recarga, planteando 3 escenarios que son generación máxima, generación promedio y generación mínima, cuyos resultados son: 61,4%, 41,8% y 28,3% respectivamente, frente a la demanda energética máxima prevista. Finalmente, se considera importante el aporte del presente trabajo en cuanto a la necesidad de la ciudad, las características de la región, facilidad de réplica, y su impacto positivo al medio ambiente. ; One of the main causes of climate change is the use of fossil fuels that cause an increase in the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) and contribute to an increase in temperature on earth. Therefore, it is about remedying these effects through different mechanisms, one of them is to use more renewable sources of energy and encourage greater use of both public and private electric transport. For this, it is important to accompany this strategy with the implementation of public charging stations for electric vehicles. Currently, it is observed that in Barranquilla there are no public electricity stations, for this reason the project is based on the design of a photovoltaic system for a recharging station with two modules for vehicles and one for electric buses with photovoltaic generation of 240kW, which is It would be located in the parking lot of the Universidad del Norte. To structure this design, the possible places were analyzed, the amount of solar radiation that this sector receives during a period of two years (2019-2020), and the charging system for buses and electric cars, taking into account the commercial brands that currently they are counted in the country or they will arrive in the very near future. From this, the photovoltaic design and its respective protection system - in accordance with the RETIE regulation and the NTC2050 technical standard - and grounding are continued. Finally, the validation of the ON-GRID photovoltaic system that will supply the demand of the charging station is carried out, proposing 3 scenarios that are maximum generation, average generation and minimum generation, whose results are: 61.4%, 41.8% and 28.3% respectively, compared to the maximum expected energy demand. Finally, the contribution of this work is considered important in terms of the need of the city, the characteristics of the region, ease of replication, and its positive impact on the environment.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Vas Corrales, Alejandro;

    En este trabajo de fin de grado se ha realizado un análisis energético de la empresa en la que trabajo actualmente, para el mismo, se ha llevado a cabo un inventariado de las instalaciones y recogido toda la información relativa a los consumos energéticos; en este caso eléctricos, derivados del uso del edificio, y de combustible, derivados del uso de la flota de vehículos. Una vez obtenido el mapa energético, se han desarrollado tres propuestas de mejora y ahorro energético: sustitución de la iluminación a LED, incorporación de vehículos eléctricos a la flota y diseño de su infraestructura de recarga y, finalmente, se ha desarrollado una instalación de generación de energía solar fotovoltaica de autoconsumo. El desarrollo completo se finaliza con el análisis económico de dichas propuestas, analizando la viabilidad desde un punto de vista financiero, energético y de responsabilidad ética.

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    Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
    Bachelor thesis . 2017
    License: CC BY NC SA
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      Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
      Bachelor thesis . 2017
      License: CC BY NC SA
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    Authors: Sapigiuc, Eduard Gabriel;

    [ES] Este Trabajo de Fin de Máster estudia, por un lado, la logística urbana de mercancías, sus principales fundamentos y las particularidades que la distinguen del resto de eslabones de la Cadena de Suministro (CdS) y, por otro lado, aborda la necesidad de adoptar un enfoque de Estrategia Ciudad en lo que respecta a la movilidad en general y la Distribución Urbana de Mercancías (DUM) en particular, a través de la cual ser capaces de integrar distintas soluciones que aporten y garanticen una sostenibilidad robusta y de triple impacto, económico, social y medioambiental, tanto en la Última Milla (UM) como en las CdS. La UM hace referencia al último eslabón o tramo de la CdS, donde los productos son entregados desde un centro de distribución o almacén, hasta el destinatario final, tanto B2B como B2C. Cuando se produce en entornos urbanos hablamos de DUM. Esta entrega al destinatario final puede ser realizada en su domicilio o en cualquier otro lugar designado previamente por el comprador a través de la DUM y la logística urbana. La criticidad de la logística de UM dentro de la CdS radica en la proximidad de esta al cliente final, y el impacto que ello puede generar en su experiencia final, así como en las posibles decisiones de compra futuras. Además de la proximidad al cliente, existen otros aspectos de gran importancia como las entregas cada vez más rápidas y puntuales, la complejidad de planificación eficiente y seguimiento de rutas, la gestión de flotas o las políticas de costes, que hacen de la UM un desafío constante para los proveedores de servicios logísticos. Todo lo anteriormente mencionado, ha de ser abordado teniendo en cuenta aspectos esenciales como la sostenibilidad desde todas sus perspectivas, es decir, económica, social y medioambiental. Su consecución puede ser alcanzada a través de distintas soluciones y estrategias, brindándole especial atención al papel del uso eficiente de las infraestructuras, mediante las cuales conseguir una mayor proximidad al cliente, consolidación de paquetes y optimización de rutas, gestión eficiente de inventarios, empleo de modalidades de entrega más sostenibles, mayor flexibilidad ante la demanda del mercado, etc. Si se tiene en cuenta el aumento progresivo de la población urbana, parece lógico el hecho de contemplar y repensar las ciudades desde un punto de vista logístico, donde el transporte tanto de mercancías como de personas puedan convivir. Para ello se ha de abordar el concepto de Estrategia Ciudad, donde las distintas soluciones propuestas sean integradas e integrables en función de las características de cada urbe, para diseñar modelos realmente sistémicos, evitando la adopción de soluciones dispersas o inconexas que puedan dificultar aún más, la ya compleja de por sí, logística urbana de UM. [EN] This Master's Thesis examines, on the one hand, urban goods logistics, its key principles, and the particularities that set it apart from other links in the Supply Chain (SC). On the other hand, it addresses the need to adopt a City Strategy approach regarding mobility in general and Urban Goods Distribution (UGD) in particular. Through this approach, it aims to integrate various solutions that contribute to and ensure robust triple-impact sustainability, economic, social, and environmental, in both the Last Mile (LM) and the SC. The LM refers to the final segment of the SC, where products are delivered from a distribution center or warehouse to the end recipient, encompassing both B2B (Business-to-Business) and B2C (Business-to-Customer) deliveries. When this occurs in urban environments, it is referred to as UGD and involves delivering the products either to the recipient's home or to any other location previously designated by the buyer through the use of urban logistics. The criticality of LM logistics within the SC lies in its proximity to the end customer and the impact this can have on the final experience and potential future purchasing decisions. In addition to proximity to the customer, other important aspects include increasingly faster and punctual deliveries, efficient route planning and tracking, fleet management, cost policies, among others, making LM a constant challenge for any logistics service provider. All the aforementioned must be addressed taking into account essential aspects such as sustainability from all perspectives, namely economic, social, and environmental. Its achievement can be reached through various solutions and strategies, with special attention to the role of efficient infrastructure utilization, which allows for greater proximity to the customer, package consolidation, route optimization, efficient inventory management, the use of more sustainable delivery methods, increased flexibility in response to market demand,etc. Given the progressive increase in urban population, it seems logical to contemplate and rethink cities from a logistical standpoint, where both goods and people transport coexist. To achieve this, the concept of City Strategy must be addressed, ensuring that the proposed solutions are integrated or integrable based on the characteristics of each urban area. This way, truly systemic solutions can be designed, avoiding the adoption of dispersed or disconnected solutions that may further complicate the already complex nature of urban LM logistics.

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    Authors: Gobierno de Canarias. Dirección General de Asuntos Económicos con la Unión Europea;
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30 Research products
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Heredero Peris, Daniel; Chillón Antón, Cristian; Girbau Llistuella, Francesc; Gomis Bellmunt, Oriol; +2 Authors

    El 2 y 3 de noviembre del 2019 tuvo lugar en Barcelona la novena edición de la feria de la movilidad eléctrica, Expoelectric. Esta feria es una iniciativa pionera que acerca el vehículo eléctrico de cero emisiones y las energías renovables a la ciudadanía a través de un conjunto de actividades lúdicas y divulgativas para impulsar la movilidad eléctrica y la transición energética

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  • Authors: Dávila, Julio D;

    Using illustrations from some of Latin America's largest cities, the chapter examines the causes and consequences of urban expansion and the more recent phenomenon of urban sprawl. It reflects on the role of transport and mobility, both as consequences of urban growth and as causes of it. It reflects on the equity and sustainability dimensions of this phenomenon.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: González Barcenilla, Óscar;

    La preocupación mundial por el cambio climático ha impulsado a las industrias a buscar alternativas más sostenibles para lograr los objetivos medioambientales fijados por las administraciones. Como consecuencia, el transporte marítimo, responsable del 2-3% (IMO, 2023) de las emisiones globales de gases de efecto invernadero, está bajo presión para reducir su huella de carbono. La transición de combustibles tradicionales, como el fueloil pesado, al Gas Natural Licuado (GNL) se presenta como una solución efectiva en este proceso. El menor factor de emisión del GNL frente a otros combustibles tradicionales junto con la experiencia y el estado ‘maduro’ de la tecnología hace de éste, un combustible ideal para su rápida implantación y cumplimiento de las normas de la Organización Marítima Internacional (OMI). Dichas regulaciones van, paulatinamente, reduciendo los niveles admisibles de emisiones impulsando la investigación e inversión de las distintas figuras del sector. Tomando de referencia los datos reales de consumo de 8 buques tanque destinados al tráfico ‘tramp’ este trabajo de fin de máster calcula las emisiones de CO₂ emitidas a la atmósfera durante 4 años y analiza la transición de la muestra al uso de GNL explorando sus ventajas, desafíos e impacto. Los resultados del estudio estiman el hipotético potencial reductor de las emisiones de CO₂ cerca del 25% logrando, en la muestra estudiada, una reducción de 129.000 toneladas en el periodo estudiado. Global concern about climate change has prompted industries to look for more sustainable alternatives to achieve the environmental targets set by governments. As a consequence, shipping, responsible for 2-3% of global greenhouse gas emissions, is under pressure to reduce its carbon footprint. The transition from traditional fuels, such as heavy fuel oil, to Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) presents itself as an effective solution in this process. The lower emission factor of LNG compared to other traditional fuels together with the experience and 'mature' state of the technology makes it an ideal fuel for rapid deployment and compliance with International Maritime Organisation (IMO) regulations. These regulations are gradually reducing the admissible levels of emissions, driving research and investment by the various players in the sector. Taking as a reference the real consumption data of 8 tankers destined to tramp traffic, this master's thesis calculates the CO₂ emissions emitted to the atmosphere during 4 years and analyses the transition of the sample to the use of LNG, exploring its advantages, challenges and impact. The results of the study estimate the hypothetical potential for reducing CO₂ emissions by around 25%, achieving, in the sample studied, a reduction of 129,000 tonnes in the period studied. Doble Grado en Administración y Dirección de Empresas y Economía

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    UCrea
    Bachelor thesis . 2024
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      UCrea
      Bachelor thesis . 2024
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  • Authors: Murillo-Masís, Rodrigo;

    Práctica de Especialidad (Bachillerato en Gestión del Turismo Sostenible) Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Escuela de Ciencias Sociales, 2019. ; El proyecto de investigación “Propuesta para la descarbonización del transporte turístico en Costa Rica, a partir de la Gestión del Turismo Sostenible en el 2019” busca identificar la situación de la descarbonización en el transporte turístico y cómo se ha implementado en el área de turismo en Costa Rica, para proponer una hoja de ruta a seguir en el proceso de descarbonización como política pública. ; The research project "Proposal for the decarbonization of tourist transport in Costa Rica, starting from Sustainable Tourism Management in 2019" seeks to identify the situation of decarbonization in tourist transport and how it has been implemented in the area of tourism in Costa Rica, to propose a roadmap to follow in the process of decarbonization as a public policy.

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  • Authors: Thomas, Hugo;

    Rapport réalisé pour l'ANR Modural. ; Since the Brundtland report and the Conference of Rio in 1992, the political agendas have seized the “sustainable city” paradigm, at the center of which lies the concept of “sustainable mobility”, despite the absence of a clear and operational definition. From a North-South circulation of models perspective, sustainable mobility has also been adopted by Latin-American public policies. However, due to the strong social concerns among the continent, and above all its cities, the environmental issues are in the background of the social protests that occur there. This report carries out a comparison between two Latin-American metropolis, Bogotá and Lima, on the basis of the public policies of mobility adopted and then of the environmental externalities produced by transport, and their mitigation measures. Both cities experienced urban transition and unplanned growth during the second half of the 20th century, but have followed different development paths along the last decades. Especially, Bogotá set up an ambitious public transport reform as long as the promotion of cycling thanks to its strong governance, whereas institutional fragmentation in Lima only produces a widely informal development. However, the lack of clear definition of funding for the transport reform as long as of joint planning of transport and urbanism put constraints to reaching sustainability in Bogotá: on the one hand, informal transport spreading again fills the gap of the new service, on the other hand, private modes, among which the moto, are growing quickly. These are major stakes to think about looking for a development pathway in Lima. In both cities, the stock of vehicles is ancient and produces a lot of environmental externalities. The analysis of the climate action and air pollution plans of both cities reveals methodological limits regarding the quantification of the impact of the proposed actions. That is why we set up an innovating methodology to assess the environmental impact of mobility. ...

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: García Orrico, Jesús;

    [ES] Con la redacción del último Plan de Movilidad Urbana Sostenible (PMUS) de la ciudad de Valencia se plantea un escenario de innovación en la movilidad. Es el propio plan el que realiza propuestas concretas de medidas a tomar para que la ciudad se transforme poco a poco en lo que hoy en día se considera una ciudad sostenible. A lo largo de este documento, se estudiará el papel de los planes de movilidad dentro del cambio que se está produciendo en las ciudades orientadas hacia un futuro sostenible. Se desarrollará en concreto el PMUS de la ciudad de Valencia como base desde la que plantear las posibles medidas que actúen en conjunto con la estrategia de movilidad que tiene la ciudad. Se analizará la problemática de la ciudad, las nuevas medidas innovadoras en el sector de la movilidad, y entre ellas se estudiará a fondo el sistema Car-Sharing, con sus diferentes modelos de funcionamiento y características específicas, tomando algunos ejemplos y casos de éxito en otras ciudades europeas. Una vez estudiado el sistema, con sus diferentes características y modalidades, se realizará la propuesta de implantación de un servicio de Car-Sharing en el área metropolitana de la ciudad de Valencia, eligiendo un modelo mixto que se adapte a las necesidades de cada usuario. De esta forma, un usuario podrá decidir en cada momento si desea utilizar el servicio con el modelo Tradicional, One Way o en Free Floating. En todo momento se apostará por vehículos que reduzcan la emisión de gases contaminantes, utilizando una flota de vehículos en su mayoría 100% eléctricos y en menor medida híbridos enchufables. Se realizará un análisis económico de la implantación del sistema, haciendo una estimación de crecimiento para 2021 y se hará una propuesta para la localización de las estaciones de recogida, devolución y recarga de vehículos. Con todo ello, se propondrán medidas complementarias para mejorar la sostenibilidad del transporte urbano de la ciudad que actúen en conjunto con el sistema de Car-Sharing, convirtiendo la intermodalidad en la base fundamental del desarrollo de este trabajo. [CA] Amb la redacció de l'últim Pla de Mobilitat Urbana Sostenible (PMUS) de la ciutat de València es planteja un escenari d'innovació en la mobilitat. És el propi pla el que realitza propostes concretes de mesures a prendre perquè la ciutat es transforme a poc a poc en el que hui en dia es considera una ciutat sostenible. Al llarg d'este document, s'estudiarà el paper dels plans de mobilitat dins del canvi que s'està produint en les ciutats orientades cap a un futur sostenible. Es desenrotllarà en concret el PMUS de la ciutat de València com a base des de la que plantejar les possibles mesures que actuen en conjunt amb l'estratègia de mobilitat que té la ciutat. S'analitzarà la problemàtica de la ciutat, les noves mesures innovadores en el sector de la mobilitat, i entre elles s'estudiarà a fons el sistema Car-Sharing, amb els seus diferents models de funcionament i característiques específiques, prenent alguns exemples i casos d'èxit en altres ciutats europees. Una vegada estudiat el sistema, amb les seues diferents característiques i modalitats, es realitzarà la proposta d'implantació d'un servici de Car-Sharing en l'àrea metropolitana de la ciutat de València, triant un model mixt que s¿adapta a les necessitats de cada usuari. D¿aquesta manera, un usuari podrà decidir en cada moment si desitja utilitzar el servici amb el model Tradicional, One Way o en Free Floating. En tot moment s'apostarà per vehicles que reduïsquen l'emissió de gasos contaminants, utilitzant una flota de vehicles majoritàriament 100% elèctrics i en menor grau híbrids enchufables. Es realitzarà una anàlisi econòmica de la implantació del sistema, fent una estimació de creixement per a 2021 i es farà una proposta per a la localització de les estacions d'arreplega, devolució i recarrega de vehicles. Amb tot això, es proposaran mesures complementàries per a millorar la sostenibilitat del transport urbà de la ciutat que actuen en conjunt amb el sistema de Car- Sharing, convertint la intermodalitat en la base fonamental del desenrotllament d'aquest treball. [EN] With the latest publication of the Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan (PMUS) of Valencia, a new scenario is set for the innovation in terms of mobility. The Plan makes some specific proposals for the city to change step by step into, what nowadays would be considered, a sustainable city. Throughout this document we will study the role of the mobility plans into the shift that the cities are making into a sustainable future. We will specifically develop the PMUS of Valencia as the basis for the measures that the city will have to apply together with the mobility strategy that the city already has. We will analyse the difficulties of the city, the new measures developed in the mobility area, and among them, we will study the Car-Sharing system in depth, with all the different solutions and specifications, taking some examples of successful cases all over Europe. Once we have studied the system, we will make a proposal for the implementation of the Car-Sharing system in the metropolitan area of Valencia, choosing a mixed model that adapts to any user needs. This way, the user will be able to decide if he wants to use the service with the Traditional model, One Way or Free Floating. We will always bet on vehicles that are respectful with the environment, choosing a fleet of mostly 100% electric cars and some Plug-in hybrids. We will elaborate an economic study for the system implementation, making some growing estimations for 2021. We will also make a proposal for the location of the pick up/drop-off/charging stations. Finally, we will make proposals for some complementary measures to improve the sustainability of urban transportation system in the city, working together with the Car-Sharing system, making intermodality the fundamental basis of this document.

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  • Authors: Barrios Torres, Rodolfo Andrés; Medina Berdugo, Keylin Juanita;

    Una de las principales causas del cambio climático es el uso de los combustibles fósiles que provocan un aumento de emisión de dióxido de carbono (CO2) y contribuye a un incremento de la temperatura en la tierra. Por lo tanto, se trata de remediar dichos efectos a través de diferentes mecanismos, uno de ellos es usar más fuentes renovables de energía e incentivar un mayor uso del transporte eléctrico tanto público como privado. Para ello es importante acompañar esta estrategia con la implementación de estaciones de recarga públicas para los vehículos eléctricos. Actualmente se observa que en Barranquilla no se registra estaciones eléctricas públicas, por esta razón el proyecto se basa en el diseño de un sistema fotovoltaico para una estación de recarga con dos módulos para vehículos y uno para buses eléctricos con generación fotovoltaica de 240kW, que se ubicaría en el parqueadero de la Universidad del Norte. Para estructurar este diseño, se analizaron los posibles lugares, la cantidad de radiación solar que recibe este sector durante un período de dos años (2019-2020), y el sistema de carga para buses y automóviles eléctricos teniendo en cuenta las marcas comerciales que actualmente se cuentan en el país o que llegarán en un futuro muy cercano. A partir de esto, se prosigue con el diseño fotovoltaico y su respectivo sistema de protecciones -de acuerdo con el reglamento RETIE y la norma técnica NTC2050- y puesta a tierra. Por último, se realiza la validación del sistema fotovoltaico ON-GRID que suplirá la demanda de la estación de recarga, planteando 3 escenarios que son generación máxima, generación promedio y generación mínima, cuyos resultados son: 61,4%, 41,8% y 28,3% respectivamente, frente a la demanda energética máxima prevista. Finalmente, se considera importante el aporte del presente trabajo en cuanto a la necesidad de la ciudad, las características de la región, facilidad de réplica, y su impacto positivo al medio ambiente. ; One of the main causes of climate change is the use of fossil fuels that cause an increase in the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) and contribute to an increase in temperature on earth. Therefore, it is about remedying these effects through different mechanisms, one of them is to use more renewable sources of energy and encourage greater use of both public and private electric transport. For this, it is important to accompany this strategy with the implementation of public charging stations for electric vehicles. Currently, it is observed that in Barranquilla there are no public electricity stations, for this reason the project is based on the design of a photovoltaic system for a recharging station with two modules for vehicles and one for electric buses with photovoltaic generation of 240kW, which is It would be located in the parking lot of the Universidad del Norte. To structure this design, the possible places were analyzed, the amount of solar radiation that this sector receives during a period of two years (2019-2020), and the charging system for buses and electric cars, taking into account the commercial brands that currently they are counted in the country or they will arrive in the very near future. From this, the photovoltaic design and its respective protection system - in accordance with the RETIE regulation and the NTC2050 technical standard - and grounding are continued. Finally, the validation of the ON-GRID photovoltaic system that will supply the demand of the charging station is carried out, proposing 3 scenarios that are maximum generation, average generation and minimum generation, whose results are: 61.4%, 41.8% and 28.3% respectively, compared to the maximum expected energy demand. Finally, the contribution of this work is considered important in terms of the need of the city, the characteristics of the region, ease of replication, and its positive impact on the environment.

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    Authors: Vas Corrales, Alejandro;

    En este trabajo de fin de grado se ha realizado un análisis energético de la empresa en la que trabajo actualmente, para el mismo, se ha llevado a cabo un inventariado de las instalaciones y recogido toda la información relativa a los consumos energéticos; en este caso eléctricos, derivados del uso del edificio, y de combustible, derivados del uso de la flota de vehículos. Una vez obtenido el mapa energético, se han desarrollado tres propuestas de mejora y ahorro energético: sustitución de la iluminación a LED, incorporación de vehículos eléctricos a la flota y diseño de su infraestructura de recarga y, finalmente, se ha desarrollado una instalación de generación de energía solar fotovoltaica de autoconsumo. El desarrollo completo se finaliza con el análisis económico de dichas propuestas, analizando la viabilidad desde un punto de vista financiero, energético y de responsabilidad ética.

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    Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
    Bachelor thesis . 2017
    License: CC BY NC SA
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      Bachelor thesis . 2017
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    Authors: Sapigiuc, Eduard Gabriel;

    [ES] Este Trabajo de Fin de Máster estudia, por un lado, la logística urbana de mercancías, sus principales fundamentos y las particularidades que la distinguen del resto de eslabones de la Cadena de Suministro (CdS) y, por otro lado, aborda la necesidad de adoptar un enfoque de Estrategia Ciudad en lo que respecta a la movilidad en general y la Distribución Urbana de Mercancías (DUM) en particular, a través de la cual ser capaces de integrar distintas soluciones que aporten y garanticen una sostenibilidad robusta y de triple impacto, económico, social y medioambiental, tanto en la Última Milla (UM) como en las CdS. La UM hace referencia al último eslabón o tramo de la CdS, donde los productos son entregados desde un centro de distribución o almacén, hasta el destinatario final, tanto B2B como B2C. Cuando se produce en entornos urbanos hablamos de DUM. Esta entrega al destinatario final puede ser realizada en su domicilio o en cualquier otro lugar designado previamente por el comprador a través de la DUM y la logística urbana. La criticidad de la logística de UM dentro de la CdS radica en la proximidad de esta al cliente final, y el impacto que ello puede generar en su experiencia final, así como en las posibles decisiones de compra futuras. Además de la proximidad al cliente, existen otros aspectos de gran importancia como las entregas cada vez más rápidas y puntuales, la complejidad de planificación eficiente y seguimiento de rutas, la gestión de flotas o las políticas de costes, que hacen de la UM un desafío constante para los proveedores de servicios logísticos. Todo lo anteriormente mencionado, ha de ser abordado teniendo en cuenta aspectos esenciales como la sostenibilidad desde todas sus perspectivas, es decir, económica, social y medioambiental. Su consecución puede ser alcanzada a través de distintas soluciones y estrategias, brindándole especial atención al papel del uso eficiente de las infraestructuras, mediante las cuales conseguir una mayor proximidad al cliente, consolidación de paquetes y optimización de rutas, gestión eficiente de inventarios, empleo de modalidades de entrega más sostenibles, mayor flexibilidad ante la demanda del mercado, etc. Si se tiene en cuenta el aumento progresivo de la población urbana, parece lógico el hecho de contemplar y repensar las ciudades desde un punto de vista logístico, donde el transporte tanto de mercancías como de personas puedan convivir. Para ello se ha de abordar el concepto de Estrategia Ciudad, donde las distintas soluciones propuestas sean integradas e integrables en función de las características de cada urbe, para diseñar modelos realmente sistémicos, evitando la adopción de soluciones dispersas o inconexas que puedan dificultar aún más, la ya compleja de por sí, logística urbana de UM. [EN] This Master's Thesis examines, on the one hand, urban goods logistics, its key principles, and the particularities that set it apart from other links in the Supply Chain (SC). On the other hand, it addresses the need to adopt a City Strategy approach regarding mobility in general and Urban Goods Distribution (UGD) in particular. Through this approach, it aims to integrate various solutions that contribute to and ensure robust triple-impact sustainability, economic, social, and environmental, in both the Last Mile (LM) and the SC. The LM refers to the final segment of the SC, where products are delivered from a distribution center or warehouse to the end recipient, encompassing both B2B (Business-to-Business) and B2C (Business-to-Customer) deliveries. When this occurs in urban environments, it is referred to as UGD and involves delivering the products either to the recipient's home or to any other location previously designated by the buyer through the use of urban logistics. The criticality of LM logistics within the SC lies in its proximity to the end customer and the impact this can have on the final experience and potential future purchasing decisions. In addition to proximity to the customer, other important aspects include increasingly faster and punctual deliveries, efficient route planning and tracking, fleet management, cost policies, among others, making LM a constant challenge for any logistics service provider. All the aforementioned must be addressed taking into account essential aspects such as sustainability from all perspectives, namely economic, social, and environmental. Its achievement can be reached through various solutions and strategies, with special attention to the role of efficient infrastructure utilization, which allows for greater proximity to the customer, package consolidation, route optimization, efficient inventory management, the use of more sustainable delivery methods, increased flexibility in response to market demand,etc. Given the progressive increase in urban population, it seems logical to contemplate and rethink cities from a logistical standpoint, where both goods and people transport coexist. To achieve this, the concept of City Strategy must be addressed, ensuring that the proposed solutions are integrated or integrable based on the characteristics of each urban area. This way, truly systemic solutions can be designed, avoiding the adoption of dispersed or disconnected solutions that may further complicate the already complex nature of urban LM logistics.

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    Authors: Gobierno de Canarias. Dirección General de Asuntos Económicos con la Unión Europea;
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