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The modern world's reliance on fossil energy sources has led to significant challenges, including an impending energy crisis and environmental degradation. The COVID-19 pandemic further exacerbated these issues, highlighting the urgent need for sustainable energy solutions and waste management strategies. Lignocellulosic biomass, considered a renewable and abundant resource, holds promise as a sustainable alternative to petroleum-based fuels. Similarly, with its widespread use and environmental concerns, plastic waste presents an opportunity for resource recovery through thermal decomposition methods like pyrolysis. However, challenges such as low energy efficiency and product quality hinder the widespread adoption of these techniques. To address these challenges, this research investigates using carbon-based catalysts derived from biochar to enhance the co-pyrolysis of biomass and plastics. These catalysts aim to improve product yields and quality by facilitating desirable chemical reactions during pyrolysis. Through rigorous experimentation and statistical analysis, biochar-derived catalysts' catalytic mechanisms and performance metrics are elucidated, offering insights into their potential applications in sustainable energy conversion and waste management. Besides, machine learning has also been applied for the future development of activated carbon from biochar. Overall, this thesis contributes to developing efficient and economically viable processes for converting biomass and plastic waste into valuable energy products, thereby advancing the goals of resource recovery, environmental sustainability, and circular economy principles.

The observed difference in the selectivity towards alkane, ketone, and alcohol hydrodeoxygenation products over Ru and Rh catalysts is explored using a combination of density functional theory and microkinetics. Using γ-valerolactone as a model compound, we investigate the reaction mechanism in order to identify selectivity determining species. The effect of the coadsorbed water molecule as well as the higher adsorbate surface coverage on reaction barriers and energies is explored as well. The performed calculations suggest that the desired alkane product is formed from a ketone intermediate on Ru, and through both ketone and alcohol on Rh, although the selectivity towars alkane on Rh is much lower than on Ru. peerReviewed

Scholars within management disciplines have shown a growing interest in digital transformation and sustainability phenomena to address global societal challenges. Indeed, previous studies have investigated the initial analysis of the intersection between these two emerging and intertwined topics. However, there has been no comprehensive or critical analysis of the relationships among these concepts. Nevertheless, a clear understanding of this phenomenon is key to developing rigorous and meaningful knowledge and enabling future research. Our critical review analyses 91 articles on digital transformation and sustainability research to address this issue. The findings propose a synthesis of the definition types of digital transformation and sustainability in four categories, from which only 16 articles show a relationship between both concepts. This study theoretically contributes to management research by uncovering issues and assumptions around the conceptualizations of digital transformation and sustainability at the corporate level. By doing so, we present a consolidation of conceived knowledge and clarify these interrelated concepts. Moreover, understanding and assessing these relationships will lead to a future research agenda and implications for practitioners. peerReviewed

Enhancing soil organic matter characteristics, ameliorating physical structure, mitigating heavy metal toxicity, and hastening mineral weathering processes are crucial approaches to accomplish the transition of tailings substrate to a soil-like substrate. The incorporation of biomass co-pyrolysis and plant colonization has been established to be a significant factor in soil substrate formation and soil pollutant remediation. Despite this, there is presently an absence of research efforts aimed at synergistically utilizing these two technologies to expedite the process of mining tailings soil substrate formation. The current study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanism of geochemical changes and rapid mineral weathering during the process of transforming tailings substrate into a soil-like substrate, under the combined effects of biomass co-smoldering pyrolysis and plant colonization. The findings of this study suggest that the incorporation of smoldering pyrolysis and plant colonization induces a high-temperature effect and biological effects, which enhance the physical and chemical properties of tailings, while simultaneously accelerating the rate of mineral weathering. Notable improvements include the amelioration of extreme pH levels, nutrient enrichment, the formation of aggregates, and an increase in enzyme activity, all of which collectively demonstrate the successful attainment of tailings substrate reconstruction. Evidence of the accelerated weathering was verified by phase and surface morphology analysis using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Discovered corrosion and fragmentation on the surface of minerals. The weathering resulted in corrosion and fragmentation of the surface of the treated mineral. This study confirms that co-smoldering pyrolysis of biomass, combined with plant colonization, can effectively promote the transformation of tailings into soil-like substrates. This method has can effectively address the key challenges that have previously hindered sustainable development of the mining industry and provides a novel approach for ecological restoration of tailings deposits.

With the increasing demand for water in hydroponic systems and agricultural irrigation, viral diseases have seriously affected the yield and quality of crops. By removing plant viruses in water environments, virus transmission can be prevented and agricultural production and ecosystems can be protected. But so far, there have been few reports on the removal of plant viruses in water environments. Herein, in this study, easily recyclable biomass-based carbon nanotubes catalysts were synthesized with varying metal activities to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS). Among them, the magnetic 0.125Fe@NCNTs-1/PMS system showed the best overall removal performance against pepper mild mottle virus, with a 5.9 log10 removal within 1 min. Notably, the key reactive species in the 0.125Fe@NCNTs-1/PMS system is 1O2, which can maintain good removal effect in real water matrices (river water and tap water). Through RNA fragment analyses and label free analysis, it was found that this system could effectively cleave virus particles, destroy viral proteins and expose their genome. The capsid protein of pepper mild mottle virus was effectively decomposed where serine may be the main attacking sites by 1O2. Long viral RNA fragments (3349 and 1642 nt) were cut into smaller fragments (∼160 nt) and caused their degradation. In summary, this study contributes to controlling the spread of plant viruses in real water environment, which will potentially help protect agricultural production and food safety, and improve the health and sustainability of ecosystems.