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Caught in the Act of Protest: Contextualizing Contestation (CCC)-project is set up to combine interview data of individual participants in the act of demonstrating with multilayered contextual data that allow embedding this individual participation in meaningful contextual differences. The data were collected in nine countries: Belgium, Czech Republic, Italy, Mexico, The Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom.

Dataset Province of South Holland: data collection took place in December 2020 – April 2021; the data was collected using the Dutch pre-paid panel Panelinzicht. Datasets Municipality Gorinchem Phase 1 & Phase 2: We conducted a questionnaire study among the inhabitants of the municipality of Gorinchem living within a 500m-2000m distance from where the wind park would potentially be sited. Data gathering took place in two phases, which corresponded to two key moments in the Municipality’s initiated public participation activities regarding the possibility of placing the wind turbines. The first phase of data gathering took place in February-March 2022, at the very beginning of the participatory process. The second phase of data gathering took place in September, 2022, after the Municipality has finalised the public participation procedure.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- This version has been superseded. The latest version is at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5517550 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Eddy covariance flux tower datasets of all Urban-PLUMBER sites, associated with the manuscript: "Harmonized, gap-filled dataset from 20 urban flux tower sites" Use of any data must give credit through citation of the above manuscript and other sources as appropriate. We recommend data users consult with site contributing authors and/or the coordination team in the project planning stage. Relevant contacts are included in timeseries metadata. For site information and timeseries plots see https://urban-plumber.github.io/sites. For processing code see https://github.com/matlipson/urban-plumber_pipeline. Within each site folder: - `index.html`: A summary page with site characteristics and timeseries plots. - `SITENAME_sitedata_vX.csv`: comma seperated file for numerical site characteristics e.g. location, surface cover fraction etc. - `timeseries/` (following files available as netCDF and txt) - `SITENAME_raw_observations_vX`: site observed timeseries before project-wide quality control. - `SITENAME_clean_observations_vX`: site observed timeseries after project-wide quality control. - `SITENAME_metforcing_vX`: site observed timeseries after project-wide quality control and gap filling. - `SITENAME_era5_corrected_vX`: site ERA5 surface data (1990-2020) with bias corrections as applied in the final dataset. - `log_processing_SITENAME_vX.txt`: a log of the print statements through running the create_dataset_SITENAME scripts. Authors Mathew Lipson, Sue Grimmond, Martin Best, Andreas Christen, Andrew Coutts, Ben Crawford, Bert Heusinkveld, Erik Velasco, Helen Claire Ward, Hirofumi Sugawara, Je-Woo Hong, Jinkyu Hong, Jonathan Evans, Joseph McFadden, Keunmin Lee, Krzysztof Fortuniak, Leena Järvi, Matthias Roth, Nektarios Chrysoulakis, Nigel Tapper, Oliver Michels, Simone Kotthaus, Stevan Earl, Sungsoo Jo, Valéry Masson, Winston Chow, Wlodzimierz Pawlak, Yeon-Hee Kim. Corresponding author: Mathew Lipson <m.lipson@unsw.edu.au>

The consequence of exposure to the effluents of power plants that elicits the most concern is probably the induction of cancers. Due mainly to the high uncertainty of epidemiological surveys on exposure to low doses of mutagens, observations performed up to now on man have provided contradictory and inconclusive results. Since a high correlation exists between the mutagenicity of environmental agents and their carcinogenic properties, an attempt has been made to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of the different forms of energy production on the basis of the results of short term tests performed on the effluents of several power plants. Any energy source is associated with such risks and, in spite of the fact that real comparative studies were not available, coal as a source of energy presents obviously higher mutagenic potential than nuclear power. Renewable forms of energy are cleaner but are, however, not entirely devoid of health impacts.

Abstract The accurate prediction of heat transfer deterioration (HTD) is important to ensure the safe operation of scCO2 cycles driven by various heat sources. Here, the scCO2 heat transfer experiment is performed in a 10 mm diameter vertical tube, covering the ranges of pressures 7.51–21.1 MPa, mass fluxes 488–1500 kg/m2s and heat fluxes 43.7–488 kW/m2. Both uniform heating and non-uniform heating cases are dealt with, but more attention is paid on non-uniform heating. We show that non-uniform heating displays strong circumference angles dependent heat transfer characteristic. Normal heat transfer (NHT) displays gentle rise of wall temperatures along flow length, but for HTD, wall temperature peak is detected ahead of pseudo-critical point. Pseudo-boiling is introduced to deal with scCO2 heat transfer. Heat added to scCO2 is decoupled into a temperature rise part and a phase change part. Flow structure includes a vapor-like fluid near tube wall and a liquid-like fluid in tube core. The analogy between subcritical boiling and supercritical heat transfer results in a supercritical-boiling-number SBO to govern the vapor layer thickness. Sudden change from NHT to HTD is found when crossing a critical SBOcr, which is 5.126 × 10−4 for uniform heating based on our experimental data and other data in the literature, but becomes 8.908 × 10−4 for non-uniform heating using our experimental data. Compared to uniform heating, non-uniform heating is found to delay the occurrence of HTD. The criterion presented here is useful to avoid the occurrence of HTD in the design and operation of scCO2 cycles.

Microcystis development in most temperate lakes shows an annual cycle that is mainly triggered by water temperature and includes four stages. This study aims to identify the optimum growth temperature and the temperature thresholds for recruitment and overwintering in Microcystis in Lake Taihu, based on field data and experiments at the cellular and genetic level on Microcystis under a simulated temperature condition. The field investigation showed that the cyanobacterial biomass began to increase at 11-15 °C in spring, reached a peak at 20-30 °C and remained at a low level after the water temperature declined below 6 °C. The simulation experiment found that the recovery of gene expression, photosynthesis and growth in Microcystis cells occurred at 11-14 °C and increased to an appreciable level after the temperature exceeded 20 °C. Microcystis cells stopped growing and maintained low photosynthetic activity and gene expression when the temperature declined to 10 °C or lower. These results suggest that Microcystis in Lake Taihu begin recruitment at 11-14 °C in spring and grow vigorously at 20-30 °C, then overwinter at 10 °C or lower in winter.

Abstract Numerical studies were conducted for different inlet particle concentrations of a cyclone. The simplified Eulerian model—Algebraic Slip Mixture Model (ASMM) was used for different inlet particle concentrations. With the increase of the inlet particle concentration, particle–particle interaction becomes important. ASMM can take into account this effect in this condition. The present work considered the particle of different size as different phase, and obtained a collision coefficient by experiment when considering the interaction between particles. The advantage of the ASMM is that this model can save a lot of calculating time comparing with the full Eulerian model. However, higher inlet particle concentration will result in the agglomeration between particles deduced by some mechanisms. In point of this fact, the calculated results based on ASMM have some differences comparing with the practical ones. Therefore, this model still has some discrepancies which plead for further improvement. In spite of this fact, this model can be used to analyze the effect of the inlet particle concentration on the separation characteristics of the cyclone qualitatively in practical applications.

Abstract Methane is responsible for 20% of the global warming resulting from greenhouse gas emissions. Municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills are the third largest anthropogenic source of methane and are thus important to estimating the global methane budget and evaluating its contribution to global greenhouse gas emissions. Based on the greenhouse gas inventory guidelines from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the first-order decay method used to estimate emissions from MSW landfills – and in line with MSW management in various regions – we calculated methane emissions from MSW landfills in various Chinese provinces from 2003 to 2013. During this period, methane emissions from MSW landfills increased from 1141.10 Gg to 1858.98 Gg, representing a mean annual increase of 71.79 Gg. MSW emissions tended to increase more in the northern and western provinces than in the southern and eastern provinces, as methane emissions strongly and positively correlated with population and socioeconomic demographics. MSW decontamination is growing rapidly in China, and landfills predominate in all MSW treatments; moreover, incineration has also dramatically increased in recent years.

Applicable anode with an industrial‐compatible production process, high capacitance, and good stability is of great importance for the development of lithium‐ion battery technology. In this work, a composite of carbon/silicon with a well‐reserved void is prepared. The composite shows uniform spherical morphology with rich inside voids between the silicon core and carbon shell. Benefiting from the porous structure, the volumetric variation of silicon in the composite as anode during the charging/discharging process can be reversible, and its good anode stability can be achieved in comparison with carbon‐coated silicon without void. The gravimetric capacitance of it reaches 1579.5 mAh g−1. After 100 cycles, the capacitance retention achieves 91.7% compared with 79.8% of carbon‐coated silicon without void.