• Energy Research
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AbstractThere is close relationship between science & technology inputs and economic growth. Based on the data of science & technology input and economic growth, the paper makes the econometric models analysis on the economic growth and science & technology input of the three major coastal economic regions of China. The paper analyzes and compares the contribution rate of science & technology inputs to economic growth of the three major economic regions.

Abstract Nowadays the global demand for energy is growing rapidly in China, which will be the world’s largest country of energy consumption, it is thus highly urgent to conduct the research and development of efficient renewable wave energy equipment, e.g. wave energy converter (WEC). So, this paper aims to numerically develop a new WEC suitable for wave conditions in Zhoushan sea area. The specific research contents include the following aspects: (1) theoretic design by using the floating pendulum to capture the wave energy; (2) Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation which is based on 3-Dimensional unsteady Reynolds Average Navier-Storkes (RANS) equations to analyze the hydrodynamic performance of floating pendulor capturing wave energy. The initial design has been optimized to find the parameters of swing device floating in different output loads of energy capture, and to recognize the conditions of the device for subsequent energy conversion system design.

Passive cooling energy systems are significantly important in achieving efficient design and performative built environment. Encouragingly, there are many passive cooling energy systems at three spatial levels of macro, meso and micro. In this research study, these energy systems are identified and are assessed in a SWOT analysis evaluation. Apart from social and economic implications that are broad and effective for most of passive cooling energy systems, this study focuses on the energy systems’ implications across five indicators of practice, health, environment, energy and policy, which are significant for disciplines of sustainable energy systems and the built environment. This study aims to evaluate the interdependency of each indicator across three spatial levels and then argue for methods that can be considered for potential implementation of passive cooling energy systems. Furthermore, this study offers a holistic overview of all available passive cooling energy systems and argue based on interplay between five indicators across the three studied spatial levels. This study focuses on warmer climate zones (e.g. hot and dry; hot and humid), where passive cooling is expected to me more effective and obligatory. As a result, this study aims to help energy specialists, policy makers, planners and designers to evaluate how they can utilize passive cooling energy systems based on the key studied indicators. Finally, this paper gives an overview of gaps in policy and practice implementation of such systems in practice and their effectiveness at various spatial levels of the built environment.

Abstract Multi-Disciplinary Design Optimization (MDO) is a research methodology that has been applied in engineering fields to design and evaluate decisions from multiple professions using objective function. However, the application of the MDO model to the field of Urban Design is rare. This paper addresses problems of energy performance of varying Mixed Land Use structures in the context of aspatial distribution. Through the identification of objective factors, which allow for quantification of the multi-layered problem of land use distribution, MDO can be used to derive a Pareto front that can be used to limit the design decision space or choices of future designs. The data needs for the MDO process are intensive and require a high level of contextualization for the best outcomes. The MDO models test options of design decisions through constructing the relationship between the mixed-use ratio and building energy performance at the urban scale. Preliminary findings of mixed-use optimization using aspatial parameters are discussed to better understand this relationship.

AbstractIn this paper, a hardware-in-loop experiment that integrated controller area network (CAN) monitor and evaluation function for control system is the research content, and a rule-based energy management system of plug-in hybrid electric bus (PHEB) is developed. The real-time kernel of PHEB model was downloaded into VTSystem platform for the real-time simulation system development. An driver and energy management system-in-loop experiment was carried out to verify the energy management strategy under the China Transit Bus Driving Cycle (CTBDC), and the CAN bus performance features were evaluated by CANoe software. The energy consumption per 100km includes 14.1L diesel and 11.9 kW·h electricity with an initial SoC of 85%.

AbstractMulti-unit air conditioners (MUACs) keep fast increasing for its high efficiency and thermal comfort. A novel method, performance chart, is presented for the performance analysis of MUACs. The performance chart is generated by superimposing the performance of indoor units and outdoor unit, which can be obtained by simulations and/or experiments. The performance chart is validated by the experiments and detailed simulation models. Based on the performance chart, the performance of MUACs is analyzed at conditions of variable indoor temperatures. The performance chart can give the reasonable and quantitative trends of MUAC's performance and guide the system design, indicating that it can be used as an effective and convenient tool for performance analysis and system optimization of MUACs.

Conventional approaches for modelling energy consumption for data center are limited to deal with the randomness, emergence and interdependence in energy systems. To fill the gap, an agent-based me ...