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High nutrient discharge from groundwater (GW) into surface water (SW) have multiple undesirable effects on river water quality. With the aim to estimate the impact of anthropic pressures and river–aquifer interactions on nitrate status in SW, this study integrates two hydrological simulation and water quality models. PATRICAL models SW–GW interactions and RREA models streamflow changes due to human activity. The models were applied to the Júcar River Basin District (RBD), where 33% of the aquifers have a concentration above 50 mg NO3−/L. As a result, there is a direct linear correlation between the nitrate concentration in rivers and aquifers (Júcar r2 = 0.9, and Turia r2 = 0.8), since in these Mediterranean basins, the main amount of river flows comes from groundwater discharge. The concentration of nitrates in rivers and GW tends to increase downstream of the district, where artificial surfaces and agriculture are concentrated. The total NO3− load to Júcar RBD rivers was estimated at 10,202 tN/year (239 kg/km2/year), from which 99% is generated by diffuse pollution, and 3378 tN/year (79 kg/km2/year) is discharged into the Mediterranean Sea. Changes in nitrate concentration in the RBD rivers are strongly related to the source of irrigation water, river–aquifer interactions, and flow regulation. The models used in this paper allow the identification of pollution sources, the forecasting of nitrate concentration in surface and groundwater, and the evaluation of the efficiency of measures to prevent water degradation, among other applications.

Alnus Eco Hotel, es un encargo solicitado por el señor Hernán Perico el cual es propietario de un lote de 11 hectáreas ubicado en el municipio de Cuitiva en el departamento de Boyacá. Como parte de la solicitud suministró una serie de requerimientos a nivel de programa arquitectónico. El nombre Alnus proviene del nombre científico del árbol nativo de la zona, Aliso (Alnus). Para llevar a cabo el proyecto se tuvo en cuenta 3 puntos fundamentales: Los requerimientos del cliente, la normativa de la zona y de alojamientos sostenibles y un diagnostico multiescalar enfocado al turismo que permitió identificar una serie de problemáticas y entender cuáles son las dinámicas de la zona. Un Ecohotel no es solo una tendencia actual, es un concepto de alojamiento ambientalmente responsable que se centra en áreas claves, tales como energía solar, tratamiento del agua, jardinería y plantaciones, abastecimiento local, comercio justo, construcción responsable, reciclaje de materiales y participación de la comunidad.

AbstractThis study investigates the dynamic nexus between board characteristics, sustainability initiatives, and corporate strategies, offering critical insights into their collective impact on international performance. Utilizing a structural equation model and data from Colombian SMEs, our research underscores the influential role of diverse board attributes, encompassing social and human capital, in shaping managerial practices and decision‐making processes, ultimately influencing the outcomes of internationalization endeavors. The study emphasizes the significance of internally and externally well‐connected boards in facilitating effective internationalization efforts, affirming previous research highlighting the positive influence of board social capital on international performance. Furthermore, it reveals that board human capital, particularly directors with expertise in international business, substantially contributes to informed global strategy, empowering managers to craft robust internationalization approaches. The study's pivotal finding lies in the interactive impact of organizational Sustainability, advocating for a corporate strategy centered on Sustainability, which fosters a competitive advantage and advances international performance.

Strategic risk management impacts organizations’ competitive advantage; it is an opportunity for growth, anticipation, and sustainability. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are significantly exposed to these risks and are a fundamental part of the current business fabric. This research aims to analyze the management of strategic risks for the sustainability of SMEs in the manufacturing sector in Antioquia. A qualitative methodology was used for the development, and ten semi-structured interviews were conducted with managers of the selected SMEs. The results show that strategic risk management contributes to the sustainability of SMEs across economic, social, and environmental pillars. The strategic risks most frequently mentioned as priorities for sustainability include long-term risks associated with strategy formulation and definition, as well as the value proposition. Additionally, the risk of human talent management, which is present in all analyzed organizations, was highlighted. Based on the research, interested organizations can be recommended to implement processes and practices associated with strategic risk management for sustainability. The research presents a significant novelty by specifically addressing the management of strategic risks for the sustainability of SMEs in the manufacturing sector. Unlike previous research, our study focuses on the specific risk management practices of SMEs in this geographical context, adding an important regional and sectoral dimension to the field of study.

El proyecto “Mejoras en la comunicación ambiental: estrategias integrativas para transmitir beneficios de programas de bonos de carbono en el Municipio de Yopal, Departamento de Casanare”, surge gracias a la necesidad de impulsar la sostenibilidad ambiental y fomentar la participación activa de la comunidad yopaleña, en la lucha contra el cambio climático. En un periodo de 4 meses, este proyecto tiene como objetivo conocer cuál es la forma más efectiva de comunicar los beneficios de los bonos de carbono a la población local, paraaumentar el índice de participación en este tipo de alternativas que contribuyen a la disminución de la huella de carbono. El primer paso de este proceso de investigación es identificar las principales actividades económicas en el área objeto de estudio, donde se destaca la industria petrolera y la ganadería como fuentes importantes de ingresos. A pesar de su importancia en la economía del sector, su índice de contaminación es bastante elevado. Por lo tanto, “Mejoras en la comunicación ambiental” propone como estrategia para mitigar y reducir los impactos negativos, la divulgación de información sobre los bonos de carbono. Este proyecto se centra en comunicar efectivamente los beneficios de esta alternativa a través de diversas estrategias adaptadas a la localidad. Entre estas se encuentra el uso de herramientas tecnológicas para la creación de afiches, encuestas y charlas locales en lugares de interés público. A través de este proyecto se busca resolver la siguiente pregunta problema: ¿cuáles serían las formas más efectivas de comunicar los beneficios económicos y ambientales de participar en programas de bonos de carbono a la comunidad local? Al conocer la respuesta de esta incógnita se puede implementar la opción que tenga mejor porcentaje de recepción por parte de la comunidad y así expandir el conocimiento sobre la sostenibilidad de manera más acertada y concisa. “Mejoras en la comunicación ambiental: estrategias integrativas para transmitir beneficios de programas de bonos de carbono en el Municipio de Yopal, Departamento de Casanare”, además de buscar cambiar el rumbo de Yopal para convertirla en una ciudad más consciente y ambientalista, también aspira empoderar a sus ciudadanos para que sean parte activa de un futuro más sostenible, diverso y económicamente favorable para el departamento de Casanare y sus alrededores. The project “Improvements in Environmental Communication: Integrative Strategies to Convey the Benefits of Carbon Credit Programs in the Municipality of Yopal, Casanare Department” arises from the need to promote environmental sustainability and encourage active community participation in the fight against climate change. Over a period of 4 months, this project aims to identify the most effective way to communicate the benefits of carbon credits to the local population, in order to increase participation in this type of initiative that helps reduce the carbon footprint. The project “Improvements in Environmental Communication: Integrative Strategies to Convey the Benefits of Carbon Credit Programs in the Municipality of Yopal, Casanare Department” arises from the need to promote environmental sustainability and encourage active community participation in the fight against climate change. Over a period of 4 months, this project aims to identify the most effective way to communicate the benefits of carbon credits to the local population, in order to increase participation in this type of initiative that helps reduce the carbon footprint. The first step in this research process is to identify the main economic activities in the study area, where the oil industry and livestock farming are highlighted as important sources of income. Despite their economic importance, these industries have a high pollution index. Therefore, “Improvements in Environmental Communication” proposes the dissemination of information about carbon credits as a strategy to mitigate and reduce negative environmental impacts. This project focuses on effectively communicating the benefits of this alternative through various strategies tailored to the local context. Among these strategies are the use of technological tools for creating posters, surveys, and local talks in public interest spaces. Through this project, the goal is to address the following research question: What are the most effective ways to communicate the economic and environmental benefits of participating in carbon credit programs to the local community? By understanding the most effective approach, the option with the best reception by the community can be implemented, thereby expanding knowledge on sustainability in a more accurate and concise way. In addition to aiming to change the direction of Yopal and make it a more environmentally conscious city, “Improvements in Environmental Communication” also aspires to empower its citizens to actively contribute to a more sustainable, diverse, and economically favorable future for Casanare and its surrounding areas. Ingeniero Ambiental Pregrado

Abstract The dynamics of isolated-photon plus two-jet production in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV are studied with the ATLAS detector at the LHC using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb−1. Cross sections are measured as functions of a variety of observables, including angular correlations and invariant masses of the objects in the final state, γ + jet + jet. Measurements are also performed in phase-space regions enriched in each of the two underlying physical mechanisms, namely direct and fragmentation processes. The measurements cover the range of photon (jet) transverse momenta from 150 GeV (100 GeV) to 2 TeV. The tree-level plus parton-shower predictions from Sherpa and Pythia as well as the next-to-leading-order QCD predictions from Sherpa are compared with the measurements. The next-to-leading-order QCD predictions describe the data adequately in shape and normalisation except for regions of phase space such as those with high values of the invariant mass or rapidity separation of the two jets, where the predictions overestimate the data.