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Berlin (Germany) has one of the longest climate records in the world (Cubasch and Kadow, 2011). In the 17th century mainly the family of the astronomer Kirch started measuring the temperature and wrote down general weather patterns. In the beginning of the 18th century the measurements became more regular including multiple measures per day. Over time, more inner city stations appeared but also disappeared. Therefore, this Berlin Climate Record is a moving station, but representable for the inner city of Berlin. With these datasets we reactivate the long inner city climate record in several variables. In this study, we digitized, analyzed, corrected, reconstructed, and provide the datasets on the very rare daily time frequency.

Qualitative data set, containing formal and informal interviews field notes from non-participant observations archival documents from a case study of sustainability implementation (spec. living wages, BSCI, DETOX) along a footwear value chain between Germany and China. Data was collected with four parties of the value chain between 2015 and 2020. Languages: German, English, Mandarin (interpreted) Collected and analyzed for the dissertation (doc. rer. pol.) by Stephanie Schrage at Universität Hamburg (defended in October 2020)

Abstract Alternative fuel vehicles (AFV) may help to reduce global CO2 emissions from the transport sector. One obstacle for AFV market diffusion is the lack of refueling infrastructure which prevents potential users from buying AFVs. Meanwhile infrastructure suppliers await market developments before investing in an extensive infrastructure roll-out. This mutual interaction has been a field of research for several years and a variety of modeling approaches have been applied. This paper aims at reviewing models of combined AFV and refueling infrastructure market diffusion and pointing out research gaps. We retrieve stylized facts which models should account for from empirical studies on natural gas vehicles, user acceptance analyses on AFVs and technical restraints of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs). Ten interaction models are evaluated with respect to the identified aspects. We find that simulation is the most common approach for an interaction model. Besides, the majority of the examined stylized facts is covered by the models. However, models for FCEVs could be improved by reflecting the transport of fuel to refueling infrastructure while new models on PEVs should include charging duration, frequency and charging station ownership.

AbstractMononuclear trivalent lanthanide complexes with formula [Ln(L)(NO3)3] [in which L=4,4‐difluoro‐8‐(2′:2′′;6′′:2′′′‐terpyridin‐4′′‐yl)‐1,3,5,7‐tetramethyl‐2,6‐diethyl‐4‐bora‐3a,4a‐diaza‐s‐indacene (Boditerpy)] are reported for Ln=Yb, Nd, Er, La and Gd. According to the crystal structure of the Yb complex, the lanthanide ion is bound to the terdentate terpyridine and the inner coordination sphere of the nine‐coordinate lanthanide ion is completed by three bidentate nitrate anions. The coordination polyhedron can be described as a distorted tricapped antiprism. The terpyridine chelate is almost planar and tilted by nearly 60° from the indacene subunit. FT‐IR spectra confirm the bidentate binding mode of the nitrate anions for the other complexes. NMR and ES‐MS spectra (through characteristic isotopic patterns) confirm the chemical formulation. The complexes have high molar absorption coefficients in the visible spectral region (65 000 M−1 cm−1 at 529 nm) and display sizeable NIR luminescence (900 to 1600 nm, for Ln=Yb, Nd and Er), upon irradiation through the electronic state of the indacene moiety at 514 nm. Crystal‐field splitting was analysed at low temperature. The quantum yield of the Yb solution (10−4 M) in dichloromethane amounts to 0.31 %, corresponding to a sensitisation efficacy of the ligand of ca. 63 %.

The starting event of the massive air ingress into the core of the HTR module reactor, classified as hypothetical incident, is the very fast depressurization of the primary circuit. Provided that the integrity of the reactor pressure vessel is not in question, a rupture of the connecting pressure vessel between reactor pressure vessel and steam generator vessel is the maximum possible leak cross-section. In this work it is investigated whether the components of the reactor pressure vessel are exposed by the depressurization process to mechanical loads which exceed the load limits. These loads are caused by two different events, the strong momentum change of the fluid and the local pressure differences, respectively. Due to the momentum change the bottom reflector receives the maximum load, whereby only 2% of the compressive strength of the graphite quality used there are reached. However, the load by local pressure differences is between passed volumes and in normal operation, not-passed volumes lead to high load values. A maximum pressure difference of 44.5 bar was calculated at the thermal top shield.

Abstract This paper deals with the control of the series FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission Systems) devices for the coordination between their transient stability controller and POD (Power Oscillation Damping) controller in multi-machine power systems. The design aspects and their implementation in form of fuzzy-logic coordination controller are presented. Furthermore, ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System) is employed for the training of the proposed fuzzy-logic controller. The local signals of the FACTS devices are applied to achieve the coordination objectives. Digital simulations of multi-machine power system subjected to a wide variety of disturbances validate the efficiency of this approach. The proposed control scheme is not only robust, but also simple and easy to be realized in power systems.

ABSTRACTA novel design for a high temperature SOFC, based on lamellar electrode-electrolyte segments obtained by solidification of an oxidic eutectic melt on an electrolyte substrate is presented. Such “composite” electrodes contain NiO or MnO - 8Y-ZrO2 lamellae, which after reduction / oxidation yield electrode-electrolyte lamellae with 1–2 μm width and a vertical dimension of> 100 μm, depending upon the amount of eutectic melt solidified on a polycrystalline substrate. The nucleation of the eutectic on a polycrystalline substrate followed by a semi-directional crystallization of the two phases yields a gradient of 3-phase boundaries over the height of such an electrode, with the number of 3-phase boundaries increasing towards the substrate.