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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Jörg Blankenbach; Jan Echterhoff; Johannes Pinnekamp;

    Urban drainage infrastructure has to adapt to challenges such as climate change, but also to trends such as population and settlement development. At the same time, the opportunities offered by digitization can be used to meet these challenges. In this thesis, therefore, two geoinformation-based models are developed, which use the advancing digitization to contribute to the adaptation of urban drainage to demographic and climate change. An important aspect of municipal flood protection are nature-oriented measures for the rainwater management as part of water-sensitive urban development. According to the recognized rules of technology, the overriding goal of rainwater management is to approximate the natural water balance. The estimate of this target value is difficult to determine. The potential offered by decentralized rainwater management measures to achieve or approach this target as well. One geoinformation-based model pursues these two goals. The first goal is the estimation of the water balance deficit. The second goal is a limitation of the potential measures for the best compensation of this deficit. For this purpose, structural, geological and hydrogeological restrictions are taken into account. The model works exclusively with geo-referenced data and thus offers direct localization of the results. Furthermore, the model combines the approach of the empirically determined water balance distribution functions of the DWA-A 102 and a GIS-based calculation. The advantages of this combination are the scaling of a selectable study area and the on the fly consideration of restrictions for the measures of decentralized rainwater management. The second geoinformation-based model is an artificial neural network (ANN) for calculating flood areas caused by heavy rain. The trained ANN is suitable for known areas, works in real time and substitute a conventional hydrodynamic model. Therefore, a supervised learning multi-layer feed-forward ANN was set up and trained. After that, it was then examined and assessed for its suitability. For the substitution of a hydrodynamic numerical model for calculation of flooding risks (flood areas or surface runoff) by an ANN, the ANN must 'learn' the hydrological processes of the conventional model. For this learning process, the ANN requires input values that essentially determine the hydrological processes (e.g. precipitation, digital elevation model, type of sealing, barriers and culverts, etc.). Moreover, the AAN requires target values. For the ANN, the target values are areas with a certain height water level caused by a precipitation event (flood areas with flood level). These target values were first calculated using a hydrodynamic numerical model.The developed model shows that ANNs are more suitable than conventional hydrodynamic numerical models for certain applications due to their computing speed. Even if the generalizability of the trained ANN to other model areas could not be successfully demonstrated, the ANN however was able to predict good results for a sufficiently known range of values.The biggest advantage of the ANN is the low computing time for predicting flood areas. In contrast to hydrodynamic numerical models, the ANN predicts flood areas with sufficient accuracy in a few seconds. The application possibilities of the developed model thus specialize in cases in which these strengths are indispensable. One indispensability is the prediction of flood area caused by spontaneously and spatially limited heavy rain. This indispensability is also a demand of the municipal flood protection. Dissertation, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, 2021; Aachen : RWTH Aachen University 1 Online-Ressource : Illustrationen, Diagramme (2021). = Dissertation, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, 2021 Published by RWTH Aachen University, Aachen

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    https://dx.doi.org/10.18154/rw...
    Doctoral thesis . 2021
    Data sources: Datacite
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Publikationsserver d...arrow_drop_down
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.18154/rw...
      Doctoral thesis . 2021
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Droste-Franke, Bert;

    Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, ausgehend von vorhandenen Ansätzen, ein geschlossenes Konzept für die Berücksichtigung von Schäden durch die Schadstoffbelastung der Umwelt als Ergänzung von Volkswirtschaftlichen Gesamtrechnungen, sogenannten Umweltökonomischen Gesamtrechnungen (UGR), abzuleiten und dieses anhand der Umweltbelastung durch Luftschadstoffe und toxische Substanzen durchzuführen. Ausgehend von der Diskussion der beiden übergeordneten Ziele für eine umweltverträgliche wirtschaftliche Entwicklung, Effizienz und Nachhaltigkeit, werden zunächst Unterziele in Form von Prioritäten aufgestellt. Aus ihnen wird dann auf der Basis vorhandener Konzepte zu Indikatoren und UGR ein System von aggregierten Indikatoren entwickelt. Zur Berechnung der Indikatoren wird die Methodik des erweiterten Wirkungspfadansatzes vorgestellt. Neben der detaillierten Diskussion von Konzentrationswerten und Gesamtschäden für 1990 und 1998 erfolgt eine Analyse des zeitlichen und räumlichen Imports und Exports von Schäden sowie der Schäden, die durch unterschiedliche wirtschaftliche Aktivitäten in Deutschland entstehen. Zusätzlich werden mit Hilfe der Indikatoren die Nachhaltigkeit der wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung und die Effizienz definierter Umweltziele beispielhaft für das Jahr 2005 untersucht. Zur Demonstration der Anwendbarkeit der berechneten Ergebnisse im Rahmen von UGR werden unter anderem beispielhaft Korrekturen der Wirtschaftsindikatoren durchgeführt, wie sie von Projekten der Europäischen Kommission und Aktivitäten der Vereinten Nationen in diesem Bereich vorgeschlagen werden. Die ermittelten gesamten Schadenskosten für die Jahre 1990 und 1998 in den EU-15 Staaten und Deutschland betragen mehrere Prozent des jeweiligen Bruttoinlandsprodukts. Die Analyse des Jahres 2005 hat gezeigt, dass die politischen Ziele für 2010 größtenteils bereits in 2005 eingehalten werden können. In einigen Ländern sind effiziente Minderungen über die Einhaltung der Ziele hinaus möglich. ; The objective of this thesis is to develop a consistent concept ...

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Reddig, Kevin;

    Der Erfolg der Photovoltaik in Deutschland und der Welt basiert derzeit auf der indirekten Subventionierung durch das Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetz (EEG) und vergleichbare Instrumente in anderen Regionen. Auch unter der Prämisse, dass der derzeitige Gestehungspreis für konventionell erzeugte Elektrizität die realen Kosten, bedingt durch mögliche zukünftige Umweltschäden und Ressourcenknappheit, nur unzureichend widerspiegelt, sind weitere Kostensenkungen in der Produktion unabdingbar. Durch den hohen Kostenanteil der Wafer am Modul liegt in der Waferfertigung das größte Kostensenkungspotential. Die Vereinzelung feuchter Siliziumwafer ist aus Durchsatz- und Qualitätsaspekten ein wichtiger Schritt in der Fertigung. Durch die hohe Bruchgefahr bei der Handhabung von Wafern kann die Vereinzelung auch wesentlich zur Kostenreduktion beitragen. Die in Literatur und Patenten beschriebenen Verfahren sind derzeit noch nicht in einem ausgereiften Zustand, um die Vereinzelung von Wafern sicher und zuverlässig durchzuführen. Daher sind weitere Anstrengungen in Forschung und Entwicklung nötig, um die derzeitigen und zukünftigen Anforderungen zu erfüllen. Gleichzeitig muss das Verständnis über die Vorgänge bei der Vereinzelung sowie die Einflüsse auf den Wafer weiter vertieft werden. Insbesondere das Schädigungspotential der Vereinzelung auf den Wafer bestimmt die Auslegung eines solchen Systems in besonderem Maße. Die vorliegende Arbeit analysiert zunächst die Ausgangssituation in der derzeitigen Waferproduktion. Die Umgebung in der Waferproduktion ist geprägt durch eine Vielzahl von Einflüssen, besonders durch flüssige Betriebsstoffe wie der Slurry oder auch den Reinigungsmedien. Die zu vereinzelnden Wafer sind fragile und spröde Substrate welche in dieser Umgebung verarbeitet werden müssen. Entsprechend vielseitig ist der derzeitige Stand der Technik zur Vereinzelung, welcher größtenteils in Patentschriften beschrieben ist. Zur weiteren Entwicklung eines Vereinzelungsverfahrens wird die Aufgabe weiter analysiert. Durch ...

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  • Authors: Hsu, Che-Wei;

    Die vorliegende Arbeit geht auf die Grundlagen für den Begriff der Nachhaltigkeit im deutschen Verfassungsrecht ein.

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  • Authors: Geinitz, Hanns Bruno, 1814-1900.; Wagner, Richard M.; Schütze, A.; Rönne, von.; +4 Authors

    Includes bibliographic references and indexes. ; Bd. 1. Geologie der Steinkohlen Deutschland's und anderer Länder Europa's / herausgegeben von H.B. Geinitz -- Bd. 2. Geschichte, Statistik und Technik der Steinkohlen Deutschland's und anderer Länder Europa's / von H. Fleck und E. Hartig -- [Bd. 3]. Atlas zur Geologie der Steinkohlen Deutschland's und anderer Länder Europa's / von H.B. Geinitz. ; Mode of access: Internet.

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  • Authors: Hellwig, Sabine; Domschke, Katharina;

    Anxiety disorders are frequent, with a 12-month prevalence of 14%, tend to be chronic, and display a high comorbidity with substance abuse disorders. Anxiety and substance abuse disorders are associated with a pronounced individual as well as socioeconomic burden. This article reviews the epidemiological, etiological, and clinical aspects of the dual diagnosis of anxiety and substance abuse disorders, with a particular focus on alcohol and cannabis. The treatment comprises nonpharmacological strategies, mainly cognitive behavioral therapy combined with elements of motivational interviewing (MI) and pharmacological management with antidepressants; however, the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI)/serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRI) is not unreservedly recommended. The use of gabapentinoids requires careful risk-benefit consideration because of their potential for abuse and dependence in substance abuse disorders. Benzodiazepines are reserved exclusively for crisis management. Rapid diagnosis and treatment initiation targeting both disorders are essential for successful treatment of comorbid anxiety and substance abuse disorders.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Fraunhofer-Institut für Werkzeugmaschinen und Umformtechnik -IWU-, Chemnitz;

    - presentation of the fluid power group, its facilities and technique; - focus of research in fluid power technology, especially hydraulic presses, die cushions, servopresses; - simulation technology and energy flow simulation to optimize the energy efficiency of hydraulic actuators - Trends aus der Sicht der aktuellen Arbeit.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Fraunhofer-ePrintsarrow_drop_down
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    Fraunhofer-ePrints
    Article . 2010
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      Fraunhofer-ePrints
      Article . 2010
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Martin, Stefan; Lieftink, Dick; Wails , David; Karagiannakis, George; +3 Authors
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao DLR publication serv...arrow_drop_down
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    Other literature type . 2013
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao DLR publication serv...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    Authors: Elmenhorst, Eva-Maria; Benderoth, S.; Vejvoda, M.; Wenzel, J.; +1 Authors

    Introduction The sleep inducing effects of alcohol as well as the increase in sleep propensity and sleepiness after sleep loss have been linked to the adenosinergic system in the brain. While the performance impairing effects of ethanol have partly been related to the inhibitory effects of cerebral adenosine, sleep loss has been found to increase adenosine receptor density. The interindividual variability of cognitive performance impairments after alcohol intake as well as after sleep loss is extensive. Thus, we examined in humans whether performance degradations resulting from sleep loss and alcohol consumption are related. Methods Performance in a 10-min Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT) was tested in 47 healthy volunteers (mean age 27 ± 5 (SD) years, 21 females) at 6 pm 1) after an 8 hour control night, 2) after alcohol consumption (aiming at a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of 0.08%), and 3) after 35 hours of total sleep deprivation. After alcohol intake, 35 of the participants reached a BAC of more than 0.06% prior to the performance testing (mean BAC 0.074%, SD 0.009%, min. 0.063%, max. 0.095%) and were included in the analyses. Two recovery nights were scheduled between conditions. Results Performance impairments due to acute alcohol intake and due to 35 hours of sustained wakefulness were calculated as differences from performance under control conditions. The degree in performance degradation correlated highly between both conditions (i.e. 10% slowest reaction times: Pearson’s r=0.73, p<0.0001; standard deviation of reaction times: r=0.75, p<0.0001; mean reaction time: r=0.59, p=0.0002). Conclusions Participants whose PVT performance proved to be vulnerable to the effects of alcohol consumption were also vulnerable to sleep loss, whereas individuals who were resilient against the effects of alcohol were also less susceptible to the impact of sleep deprivation. These results suggest that the effects of alcohol and sleep deprivation on performance are mediated – at least in part – by a common pathway that may involve the adenosinergic system in the brain.

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    Conference object . 2016
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    Other literature type . 2016
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  • Authors: Goldfuss, Georg August, 1782-1848;

    "Herausgegeben von dem naturhistorischen Vereine für die preussischen Rheinlande." ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Mode of access: Internet.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Jörg Blankenbach; Jan Echterhoff; Johannes Pinnekamp;

    Urban drainage infrastructure has to adapt to challenges such as climate change, but also to trends such as population and settlement development. At the same time, the opportunities offered by digitization can be used to meet these challenges. In this thesis, therefore, two geoinformation-based models are developed, which use the advancing digitization to contribute to the adaptation of urban drainage to demographic and climate change. An important aspect of municipal flood protection are nature-oriented measures for the rainwater management as part of water-sensitive urban development. According to the recognized rules of technology, the overriding goal of rainwater management is to approximate the natural water balance. The estimate of this target value is difficult to determine. The potential offered by decentralized rainwater management measures to achieve or approach this target as well. One geoinformation-based model pursues these two goals. The first goal is the estimation of the water balance deficit. The second goal is a limitation of the potential measures for the best compensation of this deficit. For this purpose, structural, geological and hydrogeological restrictions are taken into account. The model works exclusively with geo-referenced data and thus offers direct localization of the results. Furthermore, the model combines the approach of the empirically determined water balance distribution functions of the DWA-A 102 and a GIS-based calculation. The advantages of this combination are the scaling of a selectable study area and the on the fly consideration of restrictions for the measures of decentralized rainwater management. The second geoinformation-based model is an artificial neural network (ANN) for calculating flood areas caused by heavy rain. The trained ANN is suitable for known areas, works in real time and substitute a conventional hydrodynamic model. Therefore, a supervised learning multi-layer feed-forward ANN was set up and trained. After that, it was then examined and assessed for its suitability. For the substitution of a hydrodynamic numerical model for calculation of flooding risks (flood areas or surface runoff) by an ANN, the ANN must 'learn' the hydrological processes of the conventional model. For this learning process, the ANN requires input values that essentially determine the hydrological processes (e.g. precipitation, digital elevation model, type of sealing, barriers and culverts, etc.). Moreover, the AAN requires target values. For the ANN, the target values are areas with a certain height water level caused by a precipitation event (flood areas with flood level). These target values were first calculated using a hydrodynamic numerical model.The developed model shows that ANNs are more suitable than conventional hydrodynamic numerical models for certain applications due to their computing speed. Even if the generalizability of the trained ANN to other model areas could not be successfully demonstrated, the ANN however was able to predict good results for a sufficiently known range of values.The biggest advantage of the ANN is the low computing time for predicting flood areas. In contrast to hydrodynamic numerical models, the ANN predicts flood areas with sufficient accuracy in a few seconds. The application possibilities of the developed model thus specialize in cases in which these strengths are indispensable. One indispensability is the prediction of flood area caused by spontaneously and spatially limited heavy rain. This indispensability is also a demand of the municipal flood protection. Dissertation, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, 2021; Aachen : RWTH Aachen University 1 Online-Ressource : Illustrationen, Diagramme (2021). = Dissertation, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, 2021 Published by RWTH Aachen University, Aachen

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    https://dx.doi.org/10.18154/rw...
    Doctoral thesis . 2021
    Data sources: Datacite
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.18154/rw...
      Doctoral thesis . 2021
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Droste-Franke, Bert;

    Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, ausgehend von vorhandenen Ansätzen, ein geschlossenes Konzept für die Berücksichtigung von Schäden durch die Schadstoffbelastung der Umwelt als Ergänzung von Volkswirtschaftlichen Gesamtrechnungen, sogenannten Umweltökonomischen Gesamtrechnungen (UGR), abzuleiten und dieses anhand der Umweltbelastung durch Luftschadstoffe und toxische Substanzen durchzuführen. Ausgehend von der Diskussion der beiden übergeordneten Ziele für eine umweltverträgliche wirtschaftliche Entwicklung, Effizienz und Nachhaltigkeit, werden zunächst Unterziele in Form von Prioritäten aufgestellt. Aus ihnen wird dann auf der Basis vorhandener Konzepte zu Indikatoren und UGR ein System von aggregierten Indikatoren entwickelt. Zur Berechnung der Indikatoren wird die Methodik des erweiterten Wirkungspfadansatzes vorgestellt. Neben der detaillierten Diskussion von Konzentrationswerten und Gesamtschäden für 1990 und 1998 erfolgt eine Analyse des zeitlichen und räumlichen Imports und Exports von Schäden sowie der Schäden, die durch unterschiedliche wirtschaftliche Aktivitäten in Deutschland entstehen. Zusätzlich werden mit Hilfe der Indikatoren die Nachhaltigkeit der wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung und die Effizienz definierter Umweltziele beispielhaft für das Jahr 2005 untersucht. Zur Demonstration der Anwendbarkeit der berechneten Ergebnisse im Rahmen von UGR werden unter anderem beispielhaft Korrekturen der Wirtschaftsindikatoren durchgeführt, wie sie von Projekten der Europäischen Kommission und Aktivitäten der Vereinten Nationen in diesem Bereich vorgeschlagen werden. Die ermittelten gesamten Schadenskosten für die Jahre 1990 und 1998 in den EU-15 Staaten und Deutschland betragen mehrere Prozent des jeweiligen Bruttoinlandsprodukts. Die Analyse des Jahres 2005 hat gezeigt, dass die politischen Ziele für 2010 größtenteils bereits in 2005 eingehalten werden können. In einigen Ländern sind effiziente Minderungen über die Einhaltung der Ziele hinaus möglich. ; The objective of this thesis is to develop a consistent concept ...

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    Authors: Reddig, Kevin;

    Der Erfolg der Photovoltaik in Deutschland und der Welt basiert derzeit auf der indirekten Subventionierung durch das Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetz (EEG) und vergleichbare Instrumente in anderen Regionen. Auch unter der Prämisse, dass der derzeitige Gestehungspreis für konventionell erzeugte Elektrizität die realen Kosten, bedingt durch mögliche zukünftige Umweltschäden und Ressourcenknappheit, nur unzureichend widerspiegelt, sind weitere Kostensenkungen in der Produktion unabdingbar. Durch den hohen Kostenanteil der Wafer am Modul liegt in der Waferfertigung das größte Kostensenkungspotential. Die Vereinzelung feuchter Siliziumwafer ist aus Durchsatz- und Qualitätsaspekten ein wichtiger Schritt in der Fertigung. Durch die hohe Bruchgefahr bei der Handhabung von Wafern kann die Vereinzelung auch wesentlich zur Kostenreduktion beitragen. Die in Literatur und Patenten beschriebenen Verfahren sind derzeit noch nicht in einem ausgereiften Zustand, um die Vereinzelung von Wafern sicher und zuverlässig durchzuführen. Daher sind weitere Anstrengungen in Forschung und Entwicklung nötig, um die derzeitigen und zukünftigen Anforderungen zu erfüllen. Gleichzeitig muss das Verständnis über die Vorgänge bei der Vereinzelung sowie die Einflüsse auf den Wafer weiter vertieft werden. Insbesondere das Schädigungspotential der Vereinzelung auf den Wafer bestimmt die Auslegung eines solchen Systems in besonderem Maße. Die vorliegende Arbeit analysiert zunächst die Ausgangssituation in der derzeitigen Waferproduktion. Die Umgebung in der Waferproduktion ist geprägt durch eine Vielzahl von Einflüssen, besonders durch flüssige Betriebsstoffe wie der Slurry oder auch den Reinigungsmedien. Die zu vereinzelnden Wafer sind fragile und spröde Substrate welche in dieser Umgebung verarbeitet werden müssen. Entsprechend vielseitig ist der derzeitige Stand der Technik zur Vereinzelung, welcher größtenteils in Patentschriften beschrieben ist. Zur weiteren Entwicklung eines Vereinzelungsverfahrens wird die Aufgabe weiter analysiert. Durch ...

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  • Authors: Hsu, Che-Wei;

    Die vorliegende Arbeit geht auf die Grundlagen für den Begriff der Nachhaltigkeit im deutschen Verfassungsrecht ein.

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  • Authors: Geinitz, Hanns Bruno, 1814-1900.; Wagner, Richard M.; Schütze, A.; Rönne, von.; +4 Authors

    Includes bibliographic references and indexes. ; Bd. 1. Geologie der Steinkohlen Deutschland's und anderer Länder Europa's / herausgegeben von H.B. Geinitz -- Bd. 2. Geschichte, Statistik und Technik der Steinkohlen Deutschland's und anderer Länder Europa's / von H. Fleck und E. Hartig -- [Bd. 3]. Atlas zur Geologie der Steinkohlen Deutschland's und anderer Länder Europa's / von H.B. Geinitz. ; Mode of access: Internet.

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  • Authors: Hellwig, Sabine; Domschke, Katharina;

    Anxiety disorders are frequent, with a 12-month prevalence of 14%, tend to be chronic, and display a high comorbidity with substance abuse disorders. Anxiety and substance abuse disorders are associated with a pronounced individual as well as socioeconomic burden. This article reviews the epidemiological, etiological, and clinical aspects of the dual diagnosis of anxiety and substance abuse disorders, with a particular focus on alcohol and cannabis. The treatment comprises nonpharmacological strategies, mainly cognitive behavioral therapy combined with elements of motivational interviewing (MI) and pharmacological management with antidepressants; however, the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI)/serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRI) is not unreservedly recommended. The use of gabapentinoids requires careful risk-benefit consideration because of their potential for abuse and dependence in substance abuse disorders. Benzodiazepines are reserved exclusively for crisis management. Rapid diagnosis and treatment initiation targeting both disorders are essential for successful treatment of comorbid anxiety and substance abuse disorders.

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    Authors: Fraunhofer-Institut für Werkzeugmaschinen und Umformtechnik -IWU-, Chemnitz;

    - presentation of the fluid power group, its facilities and technique; - focus of research in fluid power technology, especially hydraulic presses, die cushions, servopresses; - simulation technology and energy flow simulation to optimize the energy efficiency of hydraulic actuators - Trends aus der Sicht der aktuellen Arbeit.

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    Article . 2010
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      Article . 2010
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Martin, Stefan; Lieftink, Dick; Wails , David; Karagiannakis, George; +3 Authors
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao DLR publication serv...arrow_drop_down
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    Other literature type . 2013
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    Authors: Elmenhorst, Eva-Maria; Benderoth, S.; Vejvoda, M.; Wenzel, J.; +1 Authors

    Introduction The sleep inducing effects of alcohol as well as the increase in sleep propensity and sleepiness after sleep loss have been linked to the adenosinergic system in the brain. While the performance impairing effects of ethanol have partly been related to the inhibitory effects of cerebral adenosine, sleep loss has been found to increase adenosine receptor density. The interindividual variability of cognitive performance impairments after alcohol intake as well as after sleep loss is extensive. Thus, we examined in humans whether performance degradations resulting from sleep loss and alcohol consumption are related. Methods Performance in a 10-min Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT) was tested in 47 healthy volunteers (mean age 27 ± 5 (SD) years, 21 females) at 6 pm 1) after an 8 hour control night, 2) after alcohol consumption (aiming at a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of 0.08%), and 3) after 35 hours of total sleep deprivation. After alcohol intake, 35 of the participants reached a BAC of more than 0.06% prior to the performance testing (mean BAC 0.074%, SD 0.009%, min. 0.063%, max. 0.095%) and were included in the analyses. Two recovery nights were scheduled between conditions. Results Performance impairments due to acute alcohol intake and due to 35 hours of sustained wakefulness were calculated as differences from performance under control conditions. The degree in performance degradation correlated highly between both conditions (i.e. 10% slowest reaction times: Pearson’s r=0.73, p<0.0001; standard deviation of reaction times: r=0.75, p<0.0001; mean reaction time: r=0.59, p=0.0002). Conclusions Participants whose PVT performance proved to be vulnerable to the effects of alcohol consumption were also vulnerable to sleep loss, whereas individuals who were resilient against the effects of alcohol were also less susceptible to the impact of sleep deprivation. These results suggest that the effects of alcohol and sleep deprivation on performance are mediated – at least in part – by a common pathway that may involve the adenosinergic system in the brain.

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  • Authors: Goldfuss, Georg August, 1782-1848;

    "Herausgegeben von dem naturhistorischen Vereine für die preussischen Rheinlande." ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Mode of access: Internet.

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