• Energy Research
• 2021-2025close
• GB close
• DE close
• IT close
• EU close

This file collection contains the estimated spatial distribution of the above-ground biomass density (AGB) by the end of the 21st century across the Brazilian Atlantic Forest domain and the respective uncertanty. To develop the models, we used the maximum entropy method with projected climate data to 2100, based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 from the fifth Assessment Report (AR5). The dataset is composed of four files in GeoTIFF format: calibrated-AGB-distribution.tif: raster file representing the present spatial distribution of the above-ground biomass density in the Atlantic Forest from the calibrated model. Unit: Mg/ha estimated-uncertanty-for-calibrated-agb-distribution.tif: raster file representing the estimated spatial uncertanty distribution of the calibrated above-ground biomass density. Unit: percentage. projected-AGB-distribution-under-rcp45.tif: raster file representing the projected spatial distribution of the above-ground biomass density in the Atlantic Forest by the end of 2100 under RCP 4.5 scenario. Unit: Mg/ha estimated-uncertanty-for-projected-agb-distribution.tif: raster file representing the estimated spatial uncertanty distribution of the projected above-ground biomass density. Unit: percentage. Spatial resolution: 0.0083 degree (ca. 1 km) Coordinate reference system: Geographic Coordinate System - Datum WGS84

Το σύνολο δεδομένων περιλαμβάνει την τελική κατανάλωση ενέργειας στον κτιριακό τομέα για τη θερμότητα δωματίου και το ζεστό νερό σύμφωνα με τις πηγές ενέργειας στο καντόνι του Thurgau από το 2015.Η τελική ενέργεια είναι η ενέργεια που φτάνει στον τελικό καταναλωτή. Η τελική κατανάλωση ενέργειας στον κτιριακό τομέα περιλαμβάνει την κατανάλωση κατοικιών και κτιρίων παροχής υπηρεσιών — εξαιρουμένων των βιομηχανικών και γεωργικών κτιρίων — στο έδαφος του καντόνι Thurgau.Πηγή δεδομένων: Γραφείο Ενέργειας Το σύνολο δεδομένων περιλαμβάνει την τελική κατανάλωση ενέργειας στον κτιριακό τομέα για τη θερμότητα δωματίου και το ζεστό νερό σύμφωνα με τις πηγές ενέργειας στο καντόνι του Thurgau από το 2015.Η τελική ενέργεια είναι η ενέργεια που φτάνει στον τελικό καταναλωτή. Η τελική κατανάλωση ενέργειας στον κτιριακό τομέα περιλαμβάνει την κατανάλωση κατοικιών και κτιρίων παροχής υπηρεσιών — εξαιρουμένων των βιομηχανικών και γεωργικών κτιρίων — στο έδαφος του καντόνι Thurgau.Πηγή δεδομένων: Γραφείο Ενέργειας Το σύνολο δεδομένων περιλαμβάνει την τελική κατανάλωση ενέργειας στον κτιριακό τομέα για τη θερμότητα δωματίου και το ζεστό νερό σύμφωνα με τις πηγές ενέργειας στο καντόνι του Thurgau από το 2015.Η τελική ενέργεια είναι η ενέργεια που φτάνει στον τελικό καταναλωτή. Η τελική κατανάλωση ενέργειας στον κτιριακό τομέα περιλαμβάνει την κατανάλωση κατοικιών και κτιρίων παροχής υπηρεσιών — εξαιρουμένων των βιομηχανικών και γεωργικών κτιρίων — στο έδαφος του καντόνι Thurgau.Πηγή δεδομένων: Γραφείο Ενέργειας Το σύνολο δεδομένων περιλαμβάνει την τελική κατανάλωση ενέργειας στον κτιριακό τομέα για τη θερμότητα δωματίου και το ζεστό νερό σύμφωνα με τις πηγές ενέργειας στο καντόνι του Thurgau από το 2015.Η τελική ενέργεια είναι η ενέργεια που φτάνει στον τελικό καταναλωτή. Η τελική κατανάλωση ενέργειας στον κτιριακό τομέα περιλαμβάνει την κατανάλωση κατοικιών και κτιρίων παροχής υπηρεσιών — εξαιρουμένων των βιομηχανικών και γεωργικών κτιρίων — στο έδαφος του καντόνι Thurgau.Πηγή δεδομένων: Γραφείο Ενέργειας Il set di dati include il consumo di energia finale nel settore edilizio per il calore ambiente e l'acqua calda secondo fonti energetiche nel Canton Turgovia dal 2015.L'energia finale è l'energia che raggiunge il consumatore finale. Il consumo di energia finale nel settore edilizio comprende il consumo di edifici residenziali e di servizi — esclusi gli edifici industriali e agricoli — sul territorio del cantone di Thurgau. Ufficio dell'energia Il set di dati include il consumo di energia finale nel settore edilizio per il calore ambiente e l'acqua calda secondo fonti energetiche nel Canton Turgovia dal 2015.L'energia finale è l'energia che raggiunge il consumatore finale. Il consumo di energia finale nel settore edilizio comprende il consumo di edifici residenziali e di servizi — esclusi gli edifici industriali e agricoli — sul territorio del cantone di Thurgau. Ufficio dell'energia Il set di dati include il consumo di energia finale nel settore edilizio per il calore ambiente e l'acqua calda secondo fonti energetiche nel Canton Turgovia dal 2015.L'energia finale è l'energia che raggiunge il consumatore finale. Il consumo di energia finale nel settore edilizio comprende il consumo di edifici residenziali e di servizi — esclusi gli edifici industriali e agricoli — sul territorio del cantone di Thurgau. Ufficio dell'energia Il set di dati include il consumo di energia finale nel settore edilizio per il calore ambiente e l'acqua calda secondo fonti energetiche nel Canton Turgovia dal 2015.L'energia finale è l'energia che raggiunge il consumatore finale. Il consumo di energia finale nel settore edilizio comprende il consumo di edifici residenziali e di servizi — esclusi gli edifici industriali e agricoli — sul territorio del cantone di Thurgau. Ufficio dell'energia Zbiór danych obejmuje końcowe zużycie energii w sektorze budowlanym do ogrzewania pomieszczeń i ciepłej wody zgodnie ze źródłami energii w kantonie Thurgau od 2015 r. Energia końcowa to energia, która dociera do konsumenta końcowego. Końcowe zużycie energii w sektorze budowlanym obejmuje zużycie budynków mieszkalnych i usługowych – z wyłączeniem budynków przemysłowych i rolniczych – na terytorium kantonu Thurgau.Źródło danych: Urząd Energetyki Zbiór danych obejmuje końcowe zużycie energii w sektorze budowlanym do ogrzewania pomieszczeń i ciepłej wody zgodnie ze źródłami energii w kantonie Thurgau od 2015 r. Energia końcowa to energia, która dociera do konsumenta końcowego. Końcowe zużycie energii w sektorze budowlanym obejmuje zużycie budynków mieszkalnych i usługowych – z wyłączeniem budynków przemysłowych i rolniczych – na terytorium kantonu Thurgau.Źródło danych: Urząd Energetyki Zbiór danych obejmuje końcowe zużycie energii w sektorze budowlanym do ogrzewania pomieszczeń i ciepłej wody zgodnie ze źródłami energii w kantonie Thurgau od 2015 r. Energia końcowa to energia, która dociera do konsumenta końcowego. Końcowe zużycie energii w sektorze budowlanym obejmuje zużycie budynków mieszkalnych i usługowych – z wyłączeniem budynków przemysłowych i rolniczych – na terytorium kantonu Thurgau.Źródło danych: Urząd Energetyki Zbiór danych obejmuje końcowe zużycie energii w sektorze budowlanym do ogrzewania pomieszczeń i ciepłej wody zgodnie ze źródłami energii w kantonie Thurgau od 2015 r. Energia końcowa to energia, która dociera do konsumenta końcowego. Końcowe zużycie energii w sektorze budowlanym obejmuje zużycie budynków mieszkalnych i usługowych – z wyłączeniem budynków przemysłowych i rolniczych – na terytorium kantonu Thurgau.Źródło danych: Urząd Energetyki Набір даних включає в себе кінцеве споживання енергії в будівельному секторі для кімнатного тепла і гарячої води відповідно до джерел енергії в кантоні Тургау з 2015 року. Кінцеве споживання енергії в будівельному секторі включає споживання житлових і службових будівель — без урахування промислових і сільськогосподарських будівель — на території кантону Тургау. Офіс енергетики Набір даних включає в себе кінцеве споживання енергії в будівельному секторі для кімнатного тепла і гарячої води відповідно до джерел енергії в кантоні Тургау з 2015 року. Кінцеве споживання енергії в будівельному секторі включає споживання житлових і службових будівель — без урахування промислових і сільськогосподарських будівель — на території кантону Тургау. Офіс енергетики Набір даних включає в себе кінцеве споживання енергії в будівельному секторі для кімнатного тепла і гарячої води відповідно до джерел енергії в кантоні Тургау з 2015 року. Кінцеве споживання енергії в будівельному секторі включає споживання житлових і службових будівель — без урахування промислових і сільськогосподарських будівель — на території кантону Тургау. Офіс енергетики Набір даних включає в себе кінцеве споживання енергії в будівельному секторі для кімнатного тепла і гарячої води відповідно до джерел енергії в кантоні Тургау з 2015 року. Кінцеве споживання енергії в будівельному секторі включає споживання житлових і службових будівель — без урахування промислових і сільськогосподарських будівель — на території кантону Тургау. Офіс енергетики O conjunto de dados inclui o consumo final de energia no setor da construção para calor ambiente e água quente de acordo com as fontes de energia no cantão de Thurgau a partir de 2015. A energia final é a energia que chega ao consumidor final. O consumo final de energia no setor da construção inclui o consumo de edifícios residenciais e de serviços — excluindo edifícios industriais e agrícolas — no território do cantão de Thurgau.Fonte de dados: Escritório de Energia O conjunto de dados inclui o consumo final de energia no setor da construção para calor ambiente e água quente de acordo com as fontes de energia no cantão de Thurgau a partir de 2015. A energia final é a energia que chega ao consumidor final. O consumo final de energia no setor da construção inclui o consumo de edifícios residenciais e de serviços — excluindo edifícios industriais e agrícolas — no território do cantão de Thurgau.Fonte de dados: Escritório de Energia Súbor údajov zahŕňa konečnú spotrebu energie v stavebníctve na vykurovanie miestností a teplú vodu podľa zdrojov energie v kantóne Thurgau od roku 2015. Konečná energia je energia, ktorá sa dostáva ku konečnému spotrebiteľovi. Konečná spotreba energie v stavebníctve zahŕňa spotrebu bytových a servisných budov – okrem priemyselných a poľnohospodárskych budov – na území kantónu Thurgau.Zdroj údajov: Úrad pre energetiku Súbor údajov zahŕňa konečnú spotrebu energie v stavebníctve na vykurovanie miestností a teplú vodu podľa zdrojov energie v kantóne Thurgau od roku 2015. Konečná energia je energia, ktorá sa dostáva ku konečnému spotrebiteľovi. Konečná spotreba energie v stavebníctve zahŕňa spotrebu bytových a servisných budov – okrem priemyselných a poľnohospodárskych budov – na území kantónu Thurgau.Zdroj údajov: Úrad pre energetiku Datasetet omfattar den slutliga energianvändningen inom byggsektorn för rumsvärme och varmvatten enligt energikällor i Thurgaus kanton från 2015. Den slutliga energin är den energi som når slutkonsumenten. Den slutliga energianvändningen inom byggsektorn omfattar förbrukningen av bostads- och servicebyggnader – utom industri- och jordbruksbyggnader – i kantonen Thurgau.Datakälla: Energikontoret Datasetet omfattar den slutliga energianvändningen inom byggsektorn för rumsvärme och varmvatten enligt energikällor i Thurgaus kanton från 2015. Den slutliga energin är den energi som når slutkonsumenten. Den slutliga energianvändningen inom byggsektorn omfattar förbrukningen av bostads- och servicebyggnader – utom industri- och jordbruksbyggnader – i kantonen Thurgau.Datakälla: Energikontoret L’ensemble de données comprend la consommation finale d’énergie dans le secteur des bâtiments pour la chaleur ambiante et l’eau chaude par source d’énergie dans le canton de Thurgovie à partir de 2015.L’énergie finale est l’énergie qui arrive au consommateur final. La consommation finale d’énergie dans le secteur du bâtiment comprend la consommation des bâtiments résidentiels et de services, à l’exclusion des bâtiments industriels et agricoles, sur le territoire du canton de Thurgovie.Source de données: Office de l’énergie El conjunto de datos incluye el consumo final de energía en el sector de la construcción para el calor ambiente y el agua caliente según fuentes de energía en el cantón de Thurgau a partir de 2015.La energía final es la energía que llega al consumidor final. El consumo final de energía en el sector de la construcción incluye el consumo de edificios residenciales y de servicio, excluidos los edificios industriales y agrícolas, en el territorio del cantón de Thurgau.Fuente de datos: Oficina de Energía Áirítear sa tacar sonraí tomhaltas deiridh fuinnimh in earnáil na bhfoirgneamh le haghaidh teas seomra agus uisce te de réir foinsí fuinnimh i gcantún Thurgau ó 2015. Is é an fuinneamh deiridh an fuinneamh a shroicheann an tomhaltóir deiridh. Áirítear leis an tomhaltas deiridh fuinnimh san earnáil tógála tomhaltas foirgneamh cónaithe agus foirgneamh seirbhíse — gan foirgnimh thionsclaíocha agus talmhaíochta a áireamh — ar chríoch chantún Thurgau.Foinse sonraí: Oifig an Fhuinnimh

This data publication offers updated data about low-carbon energy technology (LCET) patents and citations links to the scientific literature. Compared to a [previous version](https://doi.org/10.4119/unibi/2941555), it also contains data on biofuels and fuels from waste technologies. The updated version also contains the code (R-scripts) that have been used to (1) compile the data and (2) to reproduce the statistical analysis including figures and tables presented in the final paper Hötte, Pichler, Lafond (2021): "The rise of science in low-carbon energy technologies", RSER. DOI: [10.1016/j.rser.2020.110654](10.1016/j.rser.2020.110654). This data publication contains different data sets (in .RData and (long-term archivable) .tsv format). Further information about each data set is provided in more detail below. - "all_papers.RData" : Data on scientific papers from Microsoft Academic Graph (MAG), 3 columns: Paper ID, Paper year, cited (binary 0-1, indicates whether the paper is cited by a patent). - "all_patents.RData" : Data on USPTO utility patents, 6 columns: Patent number, Patent year (grant year), CPC class, Patent date, Patent title, citing_to_science (binary 0-1, indicates whether the patent is citing to science). - "LCET_patents.RData" : Subset of LCET patents, 6 columns: Patent number, Patent year (grant year), Technology type, CPC class, Patent date, Patent title. - "LCET_patent_citations.RData" : Citations from LCET patents to other patents, 2 columns: citing, cited (Patent numbers). - "LCET_subset_with_metainfo_final.RData" : Citations from LCET patents to scientific papers from MAG, complemented by meta-information on patents and papers, 18 columns: Patent number, Paper ID, Patent year, Paper year, Technology type, WoS field, Patent title, Paper title, DOI, Confidence Score, Citation type, Reference type, Journal/ Conf. name, Journal ID, Conference ID, CPC class, Patent date, US patent. - "patent:citations.RData": Patent citations among all patents (not only LCET), 2 columns: citing, cited (Patent numbers). Moreover, this data publication contains a folder "code" with 2 subfolders: - "R_code_create_data" contains the R-scripts used to create the data sample. - "R_code_plots_and_figures" contains all R-scripts used to make the statistical analyses presented in the text (including figures and tables). Please check the read-me documents in the code folder for further detail. ### License and terms of use ### This data is licensed under the CC BY 4.0 license. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode Please find the full license text below. If you want to use the data, do not forget to give appropriate credit by citing this article: Kerstin Hötte, Anton Pichler, François Lafond, The rise of science in low-carbon energy technologies, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 139, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.110654 ### LCET definition and concepts ### LCET are defined by Cooperative Patent Classification (CPC) codes. CPC offers "tags" that are assigned to patents that are useful for the adaptation and mitigation of climate chagen. LCET are identified by YO2E codes, i.e. that are assigned to technologies that contribute to the "REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION". Only the subset of Y02E01 ("Energy generation through renewable energy sources"), Y02E03 ("Energy generation of nuclear origin") and Y02E5 ("Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin") technologies are used. 10 different LCET are distinguished: Solar PV, Wind, Solar thermal, Ocean power, Hydroelectric, Geothermal, Biofuels, Fuels from waste, Nuclear fission and Nuclear fusion. More information about the Y02-tags can be found in: Veefkind, Victor, et al. "A new EPO classification scheme for climate change mitigation technologies." World Patent Information 34.2 (2012): 106-111. DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wpi.2011.12.004](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wpi.2011.12.004) ### Data sources and compilation ### The data was generated by the merge of different data sets. 1.) Patent data from USPTO was downloaded here: https://bulkdata.uspto.gov/ 2.) Complementary data on grant year and patent title was taken from: https://cloud.google.com/blog/products/gcp/google-patents-public-datasets-connecting-public-paid-and-private-patent-data 3.) Citations to science come from the Reliance on Science (RoS) data set https://zenodo.org/record/3685972 (v23, Feb. 24, 2020) DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3685972 The directory ("code") offers the R-scripts that were used to process MAG data and to link it to patent data. The header of the R-scripts offer additional technical information about the subsetting procedures and data retrieval. For more information about the patent data, see: Pichler, A., Lafond, F. & J, F. D. (2020), Technological interdependencies predict innovation dynamics, Working paper pp. 1–33. URL: [https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.00580](https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.00580) For more information about MAG data, see: Marx, Matt, and Aaron Fuegi. "Reliance on science: Worldwide front‐page patent citations to scientific articles." Strategic Management Journal 41.9 (2020): 1572-1594. DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.3145](https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.3145) Marx, Matt and Fuegi, Aaron, Reliance on Science: Worldwide Front-Page Patent Citations to Scientific Articles. Boston University Questrom School of Business Research Paper No. 3331686. DOI: [http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3331686 ](http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3331686 ) ### Detailed information about the data ### - "all_papers.RData" : Data on scientific papers from Microsoft Academic Graph (MAG), 3 columns: Paper ID: Unique paper-identifier used by MAG Paper year: Year of publication cited: binary 0-1, indicates whether the paper is cited by a patent, citation links are made in the text body and front-page of the patent, and added by examiners and applicants. - "all_patents.RData" : Data on USPTO utility patents, 6 columns: Patent number: Number given by USPTO. Can be used for manual patent search in http://patft.uspto.gov/netahtml/PTO/srchnum.htm (numeric) Patent year: Year when the patent was granted (numeric) CPC class: Detailed 8-digit CPC code (numeric) Patent date: Exact date of patent granting (numeric) Patent title: Short title (character) citing_to_science: binary 0-1, indicates whether the patent is citing to science as identified by citation links in RoS. (numeric) - "LCET_patents.RData" : Subset of LCET patents, 6 columns: Patent number: (numeric) Patent year: (numeric) Technology type: Short code used to tag 10 different types of LCET (pv, (nuclear) fission, (solar) thermal, (nuclear) fusion, wind, geo(termal), sea (ocean power), hydro, biofuels, (fuels from) waste) (character) CPC class: Detailed 8-digit CPC code (character) Patent date: (numeric) Patent title: (numeric) - "LCET_patent_citations.RData" : Citations from LCET patents to other patents, 2 columns: citing: Number of citing patent (numeric) cited: Number of cited patent (numeric) - "LCET_subset_with_metainfo_final.RData" : Citations from LCET patents to scientific papers from MAG, complemented by meta-information on patents and papers, 18 columns: Patent number: see above (numeric) Paper ID: see above (numeric) Patent year: see above (numeric) Paper year: see above (numeric) Technology type: see above (character) WoS field: Web of Science field of research, WoS fields were probabilistically assigned to papers and are used as given by RoS (character) Patent title: see above (character) Paper title: Title of scientific article (character) DOI: Paper DOI if available (character) Confidence Score: Reliability score of citation link (numeric). Links were probabilistically assigned. See Marx and Fuegi 2019 for further detail. Citation type: Indicates whether citation made in text body of patent document or its front page (character) Reference type: Examiner or applicant added citation link (or unknown). (character) Journal/ Conf. name: Name of journal or conference proceeding where the cited paper was published (character) Journal ID: Journal identifier in MAG (numeric) Conference ID: Conference identifier in MAG (numeric) CPC class: see above (character) Patent date: see above (numeric) US patent: binary US-patent indicator as provided by RoS (numeric) - "patent:citations.RData": Patent citations among all patents (not only LCET), 2 columns: citing: Number of citing patent (numeric) cited: Number of cited patent (numeric) **Note:** The citation links were probabilistically retrieved. During the analysis, we identified manually some false-positives are removed them from the "LCET_subset_with_metainfo_final.RData" data set. The list is available, too: "list_of_false_positives.tsv" We do not claim to have a perfect coverage, but expect a precision of >98% as described by Marx and Fuegi 2019. ### Statistics about the data ### Full data set: - #papers in MAG: 179,083,029 - #all patents: 10,160,667 - #citing patents: 2,058,233 - #cited papers: 4,404,088 - #citation links from patents to papers: 34,959,193 LCET subset: - #LCET patents: 65,305 - #citing LCET patents: 22,017 - #cited papers: 103,645 - #citation links from LCET patents to papers: 396,504 Meta-information: Papers: - Publication year, 251 Web-of-Science (WoS) categories, Journal/ conference proceedings name, DOI, Paper title Patents: - Grant year, >240,000 hierarchical CPC classes, 10 LCET types Citation links: - Reference type, citation type, reliability score If you have further questions about the data or suggestions, please contact: **kerstin.hotte@oxfordmartin.ox.ac.uk** ### Acknowledgements ### The authors want to thank the Center for Research Data Management of Bielefeld University and in particular Cord Wiljes for excellent support. ### License issues ### Terms of use of the source data: - Reliance on Science data [https://zenodo.org/record/3685972](https://zenodo.org/record/3685972), Open Data Commons Attribution License (ODC-By) v1.0, https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/by/1.0/ - "Google Patents Public Data” by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services and Google (https://cloud.google.com/blog/products/gcp/google-patents-public-datasets-connecting-public-paid-and-private-patent-data), Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), https://console.cloud.google.com/marketplace/details/google_patents_public_datasets/google-patents-public-data - USPTO patent data (https://bulkdata.uspto.gov/), see: https://bulkdata.uspto.gov/data/2020TermsConditions.docx

The PV-Live dataset comprises data from a network of 40 solar irradiance measurement stations across the German state of Baden-Württemberg. All stations measure global horizontal irradiance and temperature with a pyranometer, and global tilted irradiance in east, south, and west direction with tilt angles of 25° with three photovoltaic reference cells in minute resolution. A quality control scheme has been developed specifically for this dataset and is applied to the measurements before publication. The minute resolution irradiance and temperature measurements are published with the derived quality flags. A description of the dataset and the quality control scheme is given in Lorenz et al. (2022) and Lorenz et al. (2020). The dataset contains data from September 2020 onwards. It will be continuously extended by adding data of the previous month on a monthly basis. QUALITY FLAGS Two types of flags are provided with the data. Each sensor is assigned a general quality flag, which is based on a combination of different tests. In addition, a shading flag is given, which is not sensor specific, i.e. it applies to all irradiance sensors simultaneously. The flags can have the levels 'passed, all tests complete', 'passed, not all tests complete', 'failed tests, likely erroneous' or 'failed tests, most likely erroneous'. If the flag level of the general quality flags is 'failed tests, most likely erroneous' the corresponding measurement value is set to NaN. DATA FORMAT The data is published as monthly .zip archives. Each archive contains the following files: 1. Tab separated data files (tng000XX_YYYY-MM.tsv) for each station, containing measurements and quality flags of one month 2. Tab separated station location metadata (metadata_stations_YYYY-MM.tsv) 3. Metadata of the dataset describing variable names and quality flag levels (metadata_measurements.json) 4. General comments on data availability and quality for the month (comments_quality_control_YYYY-MM.txt) 5. Log file of changes (change_log_YYYY-MM.txt) Station location metadata is given on a monthly basis because stations can be relocated. Therefore, we recommend to use the metadata valid for its corresponding month. VERSION UPDATES Version 7: - Recalculation of height information for all stations - One station has been moved to a new, nearby location on 16th September 2021 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The data have been collected and processed by Fraunhofer ISE in the framework of PV-Live, a project in cooperation with TransnetBW. We thank our station partners for cooperation in installing and maintaining our measurement stations: EnBW Solar, Badenova, Pohlen Solar, Oekogeno Solar7, Ecovision, Hochschule Ulm, Hofgemeinschaft Heggelbach, Soltechnics-solution and the Stadtwerke Karlsruhe, Grünstadt, Buchen, Crailsheim, Schwäbisch Hall, Pforzheim, Konstanz, Waldshut-Tiengen, Schwäbisch Gmünd, Ravensburg, Eberbach, Baden-Baden.

Cet ensemble de données présente un recueil de sources de données sur les vers de terre sur le terrain et de métadonnées associées provenant de l’ensemble du Royaume-Uni et de l’Irlande («source Worm»). Celles-ci ont été compilées jusqu’en 2021 et comprennent 257 sources de données, la plus ancienne datant de 1891. Les métadonnées sources couvrent le type de données quantitatives sur les vers de terre (c.-à-d. l’incidence, l’abondance, la biomasse, les taxons), les détails méthodologiques (par exemple, méthode/s d’échantillonnage, localisation/s, si les parcelles échantillonnées étaient naturelles ou expérimentales, année(s) d’échantillonnage) et des informations environnementales (p. ex. habitat/utilisation des terres, inclusion de données climatiques et propriétés fondamentales du sol). Les sources de données ont été recueillies par le biais de recherches documentaires sur Web of Science et Google Scholar, ainsi que directement auprès d’auteurs/détenteurs de données originaux dans la mesure du possible.Les sources de données ont été compilées dans le but de recueillir des données quantitatives sur les espèces et les populations de vers de terre pour développer l’abondance des vers de terre et des modèles de niche, et vers un cadre de modélisation des impacts des vers de terre sur les processus du sol. Ce travail s’inscrit dans le cadre du projet Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics (SOC-D) financé par le programme NERC UK-SCAPE (Grant référence NE/R016429/1). Vous trouverez tous les détails sur cet ensemble de données à l’adresse suivante: https://doi.org/10.5285/1a1000a8-4e7e-4851-8784-94c7ba3e164f Cet ensemble de données présente un recueil de sources de données sur les vers de terre sur le terrain et de métadonnées associées provenant de l’ensemble du Royaume-Uni et de l’Irlande («source Worm»). Celles-ci ont été compilées jusqu’en 2021 et comprennent 257 sources de données, la plus ancienne datant de 1891. Les métadonnées sources couvrent le type de données quantitatives sur les vers de terre (c.-à-d. l’incidence, l’abondance, la biomasse, les taxons), les détails méthodologiques (par exemple, méthode/s d’échantillonnage, localisation/s, si les parcelles échantillonnées étaient naturelles ou expérimentales, année(s) d’échantillonnage) et des informations environnementales (p. ex. habitat/utilisation des terres, inclusion de données climatiques et propriétés fondamentales du sol). Les sources de données ont été recueillies par le biais de recherches documentaires sur Web of Science et Google Scholar, ainsi que directement auprès d’auteurs/détenteurs de données originaux dans la mesure du possible. Les sources de données ont été compilées dans le but de recueillir des données quantitatives sur les espèces et les populations de vers de terre pour développer l’abondance des vers de terre et des modèles de niche, et vers un cadre de modélisation des impacts des vers de terre sur les processus du sol. Ce travail s’inscrit dans le cadre du projet Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics (SOC-D) financé par le programme NERC UK-SCAPE (Grant référence NE/R016429/1). Vous trouverez tous les détails sur cet ensemble de données à l’adresse suivante: https://doi.org/10.5285/1a1000a8-4e7e-4851-8784-94c7ba3e164f Is éard atá sa tacar sonraí seo coimre d’fhoinsí sonraí péisteanna talún allamuigh agus de mheiteashonraí gaolmhara ar fud na Ríochta Aontaithe agus na hÉireann (‘foinse Worm’). Tiomsaíodh iad sin go dtí 2021 lena n-áirítear 257 foinse sonraí, an ceann is luaithe ó 1891. Cumhdaítear le meiteashonraí foinseacha na cineálacha sonraí cainníochtúla péisteanna (i.e. minicíocht, flúirse, bithmhais, tacsóin), sonraí modheolaíochta (e.g. modh/modhanna samplála, suíomh/suíomhanna, cibé an raibh na ceapacha sampláilte nádúrtha nó turgnamhach, bliain/bhlianta samplála), agus faisnéis faoin gcomhshaol (e.g. gnáthóg/úsáid talún, sonraí aeráide agus airíonna bunúsacha ithreach a chur san áireamh). Bailíodh foinsí sonraí trí chuardaigh litríochta ar Web of Science agus Google Scoláire, chomh maith le go díreach ó bhunúdair/sealbhóirí sonraí nuair ab fhéidir.Tiomsaíodh na foinsí sonraí d’fhonn sonraí cainníochtúla a bhailiú ar speicis agus ar dhaonraí péisteanna talún chun raidhse péisteanna talún agus samhlacha nideoige a fhorbairt, agus i dtreo creata samhaltaithe do thionchair péisteanna talún ar phróisis ithreach. Tá an obair seo mar chuid den tionscadal Dynamics Carbóin Orgánach Ithreach (SOC-D) atá á mhaoiniú ag clár NERC UK-SCAPE (Tagairt deontais NE/R016429/1). Tá sonraí iomlána faoin tacar sonraí seo ar fáil ag https://doi.org/10.5285/1a1000a8-4e7e-4851-8784-94c7ba3e164f Is éard atá sa tacar sonraí seo coimre d’fhoinsí sonraí péisteanna talún allamuigh agus de mheiteashonraí gaolmhara ar fud na Ríochta Aontaithe agus na hÉireann (‘foinse Worm’). Tiomsaíodh iad sin go dtí 2021 lena n-áirítear 257 foinse sonraí, an ceann is luaithe ó 1891. Cumhdaítear le meiteashonraí foinseacha na cineálacha sonraí cainníochtúla péisteanna (i.e. minicíocht, flúirse, bithmhais, tacsóin), sonraí modheolaíochta (e.g. modh/modhanna samplála, suíomh/suíomhanna, cibé an raibh na ceapacha sampláilte nádúrtha nó turgnamhach, bliain/bhlianta samplála), agus faisnéis faoin gcomhshaol (e.g. gnáthóg/úsáid talún, sonraí aeráide agus airíonna bunúsacha ithreach a chur san áireamh). Bailíodh foinsí sonraí trí chuardaigh litríochta ar Web of Science agus Google Scoláire, chomh maith le go díreach ó bhunúdair/sealbhóirí sonraí nuair ab fhéidir. Tiomsaíodh na foinsí sonraí d’fhonn sonraí cainníochtúla a bhailiú ar speicis agus ar dhaonraí péisteanna talún chun raidhse péisteanna talún agus samhlacha nideoige a fhorbairt, agus i dtreo creata samhaltaithe do thionchair péisteanna talún ar phróisis ithreach. Tá an obair seo mar chuid den tionscadal Dynamics Carbóin Orgánach Ithreach (SOC-D) atá á mhaoiniú ag clár NERC UK-SCAPE (Tagairt deontais NE/R016429/1). Tá sonraí iomlána faoin tacar sonraí seo ar fáil ag https://doi.org/10.5285/1a1000a8-4e7e-4851-8784-94c7ba3e164f Ovaj skup podataka predstavlja zbirku izvora podataka o gujavicama na terenu i povezanih metapodataka iz cijele Ujedinjene Kraljevine i Irske („izvor crva”). Oni su sastavljeni do 2021. godine i uključuju 257 izvora podataka, najranije 1891. godine. Metapodaci o izvorima obuhvaćaju vrstu kvantitativnih podataka o gujavicama (tj. učestalost, brojnost, biomasa, taksona), metodološke pojedinosti (npr. metode uzorkovanja, lokacije/lokacije, jesu li uzorkovane plohe bile prirodne ili eksperimentalne, godina uzorkovanja) i informacije o okolišu (npr. stanište/korištenje zemljišta, uključivanje klimatskih podataka i osnovnih svojstava tla). Izvori podataka prikupljeni su pretraživanjem literature na Web of Science i Google Scholar, kao i izravno od izvornih autora/nositelja podataka gdje je to moguće.Izvori podataka prikupljeni su s ciljem prikupljanja kvantitativnih podataka o vrstama i populacijama gujavica radi razvoja brojnosti gujavica i modela niša, te prema modeliranju okvira za modeliranje utjecaja gujavica na procese u tlu. Ovaj rad je dio projekta Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics (SOC-D) financiranog iz NERC UK-SCAPE programa (Grant reference NE/R016429/1). Sve pojedinosti o ovom skupu podataka možete pronaći na https://doi.org/10.5285/1a1000a8-4e7e-4851-8784-94c7ba3e164f Ovaj skup podataka predstavlja zbirku izvora podataka o gujavicama na terenu i povezanih metapodataka iz cijele Ujedinjene Kraljevine i Irske („izvor crva”). Oni su sastavljeni do 2021. godine i uključuju 257 izvora podataka, najranije 1891. godine. Metapodaci o izvorima obuhvaćaju vrstu kvantitativnih podataka o gujavicama (tj. učestalost, brojnost, biomasa, taksona), metodološke pojedinosti (npr. metode uzorkovanja, lokacije/lokacije, jesu li uzorkovane plohe bile prirodne ili eksperimentalne, godina uzorkovanja) i informacije o okolišu (npr. stanište/korištenje zemljišta, uključivanje klimatskih podataka i osnovnih svojstava tla). Izvori podataka prikupljeni su pretraživanjem literature na Web of Science i Google Scholar, kao i izravno od izvornih autora/nositelja podataka gdje je to moguće. Izvori podataka prikupljeni su s ciljem prikupljanja kvantitativnih podataka o vrstama i populacijama gujavica radi razvoja brojnosti gujavica i modela niša, te prema modeliranju okvira za modeliranje utjecaja gujavica na procese u tlu. Ovaj rad je dio projekta Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics (SOC-D) financiranog iz NERC UK-SCAPE programa (Grant reference NE/R016429/1). Sve pojedinosti o ovom skupu podataka možete pronaći na https://doi.org/10.5285/1a1000a8-4e7e-4851-8784-94c7ba3e164f Šajā datu kopā ir apkopoti lauka slieku datu avoti un saistītie metadati no visas Apvienotās Karalistes un Īrijas (“Worm avots”). Tie tika apkopoti līdz 2021. gadam un ietver 257 datu avotus, kas agrāk bija 1891. gadā. Avota metadati ietver kvantitatīvos datus par sliekām (t. i., sastopamību, sastopamību, biomasu, taksonus), metodoloģiskos datus (piemēram, paraugu ņemšanas metodi(-es), atrašanās vietu(-as), to, vai parauglaukumi ir dabiski vai eksperimentāli, paraugu ņemšanas gads(-i)) un vides informāciju (piemēram, dzīvotne/zemes izmantošana, klimata datu un augsnes pamatīpašību iekļaušana). Datu avoti tika vākti, meklējot literatūru Web of Science un Google Scholar, kā arī, ja iespējams, tieši no autoriem/datu turētājiem.Datu avoti tika apkopoti ar mērķi apkopot kvantitatīvus datus par slieku sugām un populācijām, lai izstrādātu slieku daudzuma un nišas modeļus, un lai izstrādātu modelēšanas sistēmu slieku ietekmei uz augsnes procesiem. Šis darbs ir daļa no augsnes organiskā oglekļa dinamikas (SOC-D) projekta, ko finansē no NERC UK-SCAPE programmas (dotācijas atsauce NE/R016429/1). Pilnu informāciju par šo datu kopu var atrast https://doi.org/10.5285/1a1000a8-4e7e-4851-8784-94c7ba3e164f Šajā datu kopā ir apkopoti lauka slieku datu avoti un saistītie metadati no visas Apvienotās Karalistes un Īrijas (“Worm avots”). Tie tika apkopoti līdz 2021. gadam un ietver 257 datu avotus, kas agrāk bija 1891. gadā. Avota metadati ietver kvantitatīvos datus par sliekām (t. i., sastopamību, sastopamību, biomasu, taksonus), metodoloģiskos datus (piemēram, paraugu ņemšanas metodi(-es), atrašanās vietu(-as), to, vai parauglaukumi ir dabiski vai eksperimentāli, paraugu ņemšanas gads(-i)) un vides informāciju (piemēram, dzīvotne/zemes izmantošana, klimata datu un augsnes pamatīpašību iekļaušana). Datu avoti tika vākti, meklējot literatūru Web of Science un Google Scholar, kā arī, ja iespējams, tieši no autoriem/datu turētājiem. Datu avoti tika apkopoti ar mērķi apkopot kvantitatīvus datus par slieku sugām un populācijām, lai izstrādātu slieku daudzuma un nišas modeļus, un lai izstrādātu modelēšanas sistēmu slieku ietekmei uz augsnes procesiem. Šis darbs ir daļa no augsnes organiskā oglekļa dinamikas (SOC-D) projekta, ko finansē no NERC UK-SCAPE programmas (dotācijas atsauce NE/R016429/1). Pilnu informāciju par šo datu kopu var atrast https://doi.org/10.5285/1a1000a8-4e7e-4851-8784-94c7ba3e164f Αυτό το σύνολο δεδομένων παρουσιάζει μια σύνοψη των πηγών δεδομένων για τους γαιοσκώληκες που βασίζονται σε αγρούς και των συναφών μεταδεδομένων από ολόκληρο το Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο και την Ιρλανδία («πηγή Worm»). Αυτά καταρτίστηκαν μέχρι το 2021 και περιλαμβάνουν 257 πηγές δεδομένων, οι πρώτες που χρονολογούνται από το 1891.Τα μεταδεδομένα πηγής καλύπτουν το είδος των ποσοτικών δεδομένων για τους γαιοσκώληκες (π.χ. επίπτωση, αφθονία, βιομάζα, ταξινομικές κατηγορίες), μεθοδολογικές λεπτομέρειες (π.χ. μέθοδος/-ες δειγματοληψίας, θέση/-εις, εάν τα δειγματοληπτικά αγροτεμάχια ήταν φυσικά ή πειραματικά, έτος/-α δειγματοληψίας) και περιβαλλοντικές πληροφορίες (π.χ. ενδιαιτήματα/χρήση γης, συμπερίληψη κλιματικών δεδομένων και βασικών ιδιοτήτων του εδάφους). Οι πηγές δεδομένων συλλέχθηκαν μέσω αναζητήσεων βιβλιογραφίας στο Web of Science και στο Google Scholar, καθώς και απευθείας από τους αρχικούς συγγραφείς/κάτοχους δεδομένων, όπου ήταν δυνατόν. Οι πηγές δεδομένων συγκεντρώθηκαν με στόχο τη συλλογή ποσοτικών δεδομένων σχετικά με τα είδη και τους πληθυσμούς των γαιοσκωλήκων για την ανάπτυξη της αφθονίας των γαιοσκωλήκων και των εξειδικευμένων μοντέλων, καθώς και για ένα πλαίσιο μοντελοποίησης για τις επιπτώσεις των γαιοσκωλήκων στις διεργασίες του εδάφους. Το έργο αυτό αποτελεί μέρος του έργου Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics (SOC-D) που χρηματοδοτείται από το πρόγραμμα NERC UK-SCAPE (αναφορά επιχορήγησης NE/R016429/1). Πλήρεις λεπτομέρειες σχετικά με αυτό το σύνολο δεδομένων μπορείτε να βρείτε στη διεύθυνση https://doi.org/10.5285/1a1000a8-4e7e-4851-8784-94c7ba3e164f Dan is-sett ta’ data jippreżenta kompendju ta’ sorsi ta’ data dwar il-ħniex ibbażati fuq il-post u metadata assoċjata minn madwar ir-Renju Unit u l-Irlanda (“sors Worm”). Dawn ġew ikkumpilati sal-2021 u jinkludu 257 sors ta’ data, bl-aktar data bikrija tmur lura għall-1891.Il-metadata tas-sors tkopri t-tip ta’ data kwantitattiva dwar il-ħniex (jiġifieri l-inċidenza, l-abbundanza, il-bijomassa, il-gruppi tassonomiċi), id-dettalji metodoloġiċi (eż. il-metodu/i tat-teħid tal-kampjuni, il-post/ijiet, jekk l-irqajja’ tal-art kinux naturali jew sperimentali, is-sena/snin tat-teħid tal-kampjuni), u l-informazzjoni ambjentali (eż. il-ħabitat/l-użu tal-art, l-inklużjoni tad-data dwar il-klima u l-proprjetajiet bażiċi tal-ħamrija). Is-sorsi tad-data nġabru permezz ta’ tfittxijiet fil-letteratura fuq il-Web of Science u Google Scholar, kif ukoll direttament mill-awturi oriġinali/id-detenturi tad-data fejn possibbli. Is-sorsi tad-data ġew ikkumpilati bil-għan li tinġabar data kwantitattiva dwar l-ispeċijiet u l-popolazzjonijiet tal-ħniex biex jiġu żviluppati abbundanza ta’ ħniex u mudelli speċjalizzati, u lejn qafas ta’ mmudellar għall-impatti tal-ħniex fuq il-proċessi tal-ħamrija. Din il-ħidma hija parti mill-proġett Dynamics Organic Carbon Dynamics tal-Ħamrija (SOC-D) iffinanzjat mill-programm NERC UK-SCAPE (Referenza tal-għotja NE/R016429/1). Id-dettalji kollha dwar dan is-sett ta’ data jinsabu fuq https://doi.org/10.5285/1a1000a8-4e7e-4851-8784-94c7ba3e164f Este conjunto de datos presenta un compendio de fuentes de datos de lombrices de tierra y metadatos asociados de todo el Reino Unido e Irlanda («fuente de Worm»). Estos se compilaron hasta 2021 e incluyen 257 fuentes de datos, las primeras que datan de 1891.Los metadatos fuente abarcan el tipo de datos cuantitativos de lombrices de tierra (es decir, incidencia, abundancia, biomasa, taxones), detalles metodológicos (por ejemplo, métodos de muestreo, ubicación/s, si las parcelas muestreadas eran naturales o experimentales, año/s de muestreo) e información ambiental (por ejemplo, hábitat/uso de la tierra, inclusión de datos climáticos y propiedades básicas del suelo). Las fuentes de datos se recopilaron a través de búsquedas bibliográficas en Web of Science y Google Scholar, así como directamente de autores/poseedores de datos originales siempre que sea posible. Las fuentes de datos se compilaron con el objetivo de recopilar datos cuantitativos sobre especies y poblaciones de lombrices de tierra para desarrollar modelos de abundancia y nicho de lombrices de tierra, y hacia un marco de modelado para los impactos de lombrices de tierra en los procesos del suelo. Este trabajo forma parte del proyecto Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics (SOC-D) financiado por el programa NERC UK-SCAPE (referencia de la subvención NE/R016429/1). Los detalles completos sobre este conjunto de datos se pueden encontrar en https://doi.org/10.5285/1a1000a8-4e7e-4851-8784-94c7ba3e164f Acest set de date prezintă un compendiu de surse de date privind râmele bazate pe câmpuri și metadate asociate din Regatul Unit și Irlanda („sursa viermilor”). Acestea au fost compilate până în 2021 și includ 257 de surse de date, cele mai vechi date datând din 1891. Metadatele sursă acoperă tipul de date cantitative privind râmele (de exemplu, incidența, abundența, biomasa, taxonii), detaliile metodologice (de exemplu, metoda/metodele de eșantionare, localizarea/locurile, dacă parcelele eșantionate au fost naturale sau experimentale, anul/anii de eșantionare) și informațiile despre mediu (de exemplu, utilizarea habitatului/terenurilor, includerea datelor climatice și a proprietăților de bază ale solului). Sursele de date au fost colectate prin căutări în literatura de specialitate pe Web of Science și Google Scholar, precum și direct de la autorii originali/deținătorii de date, acolo unde a fost posibil. Sursele de date au fost compilate cu scopul de a colecta date cantitative privind speciile de râme și populațiile de râme pentru a dezvolta abundența râmelor și modele de nișă, precum și spre un cadru de modelare pentru impactul râmelor asupra proceselor solului. Această activitate face parte din proiectul Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics (SOC-D) finanțat prin programul NERC UK-SCAPE (referința grant NE/R016429/1). Detalii complete despre acest set de date pot fi găsite la adresa https://doi.org/10.5285/1a1000a8-4e7e-4851-8784-94c7ba3e164f Questo insieme di dati presenta un compendio di fonti di dati sui lombrichi basati sul campo e di metadati associati provenienti da tutto il Regno Unito e dall'Irlanda ("fonte delle parole"). Questi sono stati compilati fino al 2021 e comprendono 257 fonti di dati, le prime risalenti al 1891.I metadati della fonte riguardano il tipo di dati quantitativi di lombrichi (incidenza, abbondanza, biomassa, taxa), i dettagli metodologici (ad esempio il metodo/i di campionamento, l'ubicazione/i, se le parcelle campionate erano naturali o sperimentali, gli anni/i di campionamento) e le informazioni ambientali (ad esempio habitat/uso del suolo, inclusione dei dati climatici e proprietà del suolo di base). Le fonti di dati sono state raccolte attraverso ricerche di letteratura su Web of Science e Google Scholar, nonché direttamente da autori/detentori di dati originali, ove possibile. Le fonti di dati sono state compilate con l'obiettivo di raccogliere dati quantitativi sulle specie e sulle popolazioni di lombrichi per sviluppare l'abbondanza di lombrichi e modelli di nicchia e verso un quadro di modellazione per gli impatti dei lombrichi sui processi del suolo. Questo lavoro fa parte del progetto Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics (SOC-D) finanziato dal programma NERC UK-SCAPE (Grant reference NE/R016429/1). Tutti i dettagli su questo set di dati possono essere trovati all'indirizzo https://doi.org/10.5285/1a1000a8-4e7e-4851-8784-94c7ba3e164f Този набор от данни представя сборник от полеви източници на данни за земни червеи и свързани метаданни от Обединеното кралство и Ирландия („източник на червеи“). Те са събрани до 2021 г. и включват 257 източника на данни, най-ранните датиращи от 1891 г. Метаданните от източника обхващат вида на количествените данни за земни червеи (т.е. заболеваемост, изобилие, биомаса, таксони), методологични подробности (напр. метод/и за вземане на проби, местоположение/места, дали от които са взети проби парцелите са естествени или експериментални, година/и на вземане на проби) и информация за околната среда (напр. местообитание/употреба на земята, включване на данни за климата и основни почвени свойства). Източниците на данни са събрани чрез търсене на литература в Web of Science и Google Scholar, както и директно от оригинални автори/притежатели на данни, когато е възможно. Източниците на данни са събрани с цел събиране на количествени данни за видовете и популациите на земни червеи, за да се развият изобилието на земни червеи и нишовите модели, както и да се постигне рамка за моделиране на въздействието на земните червеи върху почвените процеси. Тази работа е част от проекта Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics (SOC-D), финансиран от програмата NERC UK-SCAPE (Grant reference NE/R016429/1). Пълни подробности за този набор от данни можете да намерите на https://doi.org/10.5285/1a1000a8-4e7e-4851-8784-94c7ba3e164f

Input files for the ForClim model (version 4.0.1) used in the associated paper. They can be used to to reproduce results of the simulation study. The ForClim model, including the source code, executable and documentation, is freely available under an Open Access license from the website of the original developers at https://ites-fe.ethz.ch/openaccess/. The original climatic dataset used to generate the ForClim input climate files at each site in South Tyrol is freely available at https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.924502 while the CHELSA climate data for future scenarios are available at https://www.chelsa-climate.org. If interested in using this dataset for a research study or a project, please contact Marco Mina ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Hillebrand L, Marzini S, Crespi A, Hiltner U & Mina M (2023) Contrasting impacts of climate change on protection forests of the Italian Alps. Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, 6, 2023 https://doi.org/10.3389/ffgc.2023.1240235 ABSTRACT. Protection forests play a key role in protecting settlements, people, and infrastructures from gravitational hazards such as rockfalls and avalanches in mountain areas. Rapid climate change is challenging the role of protection forests by altering their dynamics, structure, and composition. Information on local- and regional-scale impacts of climate change on protection forests is critical for planning adaptations in forest management. We used a model of forest dynamics (ForClim) to assess the succession of mountain forests in the Eastern Alps and their protective effects under future climate change scenarios. We investigated eleven representative forest sites along an elevational gradient across multiple locations within an administrative region, covering wide differences in tree species structure, composition, altitude, and exposition. We evaluated protective performance against rockfall and avalanches using numerical indices (i.e., linker functions) quantifying the degree of protection from metrics of simulated forest structure and composition. Our findings reveal that climate warming has a contrasting impact on protective effects in mountain forests of the Eastern Alps. Climate change is likely to not affect negatively all protection forest stands but its impact depends on site and stand conditions. Impacts were highly contingent to the magnitude of climate warming, with increasing criticality under the most severe climate projections. Forests in lower-montane elevations and those located in dry continental valleys showed drastic changes in forest structure and composition due to drought-induced mortality while subalpine forests mostly profited from rising temperatures and a longer vegetation period. Overall, avalanche protection will likely be negatively affected by climate change, while the ability of forests to maintain rockfall protection depends on the severity of expected climate change and their vulnerability due to elevation and topography, with most subalpine forests less prone to loosing protective effects. Proactive measures in management should be taken in the near future to avoid losses of protective effects in the case of severe climate change in the Alps. Given the heterogeneous impact of climate warming, such adaptations can be aided by model-based projections and high local resolution studies to identify forest stand types that might require management priority for maintaining protective effects in the future.

Brüssel-Hauptstadt: Standort der Gebäude, für die die Aufforderungen zur Einreichung von Vorschlägen für „Exemplary Buildings“ ausgewählt wurden, die mit dem Ziel organisiert wurden, Initiativen im Bereich des ökologischen Baus und der integrierten Renovierung zu fördern. Um ausgewählt zu werden, müssen die Gewinner eine Reihe von Kriterien in Bezug auf Energie und Wasser- und Abfallwirtschaft, aber auch Komfort und Ästhetik erfüllen, wobei sie für den Brüsseler Markt finanziell zugänglich bleiben. Der Datensatz enthält die Anzahl und Bezeichnung der Projekte sowie einen Link zu einem Factsheet zur Beschreibung. Περιφέρεια Βρυξελλών-Πρωτευούσης: η τοποθεσία των επιτυχημένων κτιρίων των «παραδειγματικών κτιρίων» απαιτεί έργα που διοργανώνονται για την ενθάρρυνση της οικολογικής κατασκευής και της ολοκληρωμένης ανακαίνισης. Για να επιλεγούν, οι νικητές πρέπει να πληρούν μια σειρά κριτηρίων όσον αφορά τη διαχείριση της ενέργειας, του νερού και των αποβλήτων, καθώς και την άνεση και την αισθητική, ενώ παράλληλα θα παραμένουν οικονομικά προσπελάσιμοι στην αγορά των Βρυξελλών. Η βάση δεδομένων παρέχει αριθμούς και ονόματα έργων, καθώς και τον σύνδεσμο προς ένα περιγραφικό φύλλο. Región de Bruselas Capital: la ubicación de los edificios de éxito de los «Edificios ejemplares» convoca proyectos organizados para fomentar la ecoconstrucción y la renovación integrada. Para ser seleccionados, los ganadores deben cumplir una serie de criterios en términos de gestión de la energía, el agua y los residuos, así como el confort y la estética, al tiempo que siguen siendo accesibles desde el punto de vista financiero para el mercado de Bruselas. La base de datos proporciona números y nombres del proyecto, así como el enlace a una hoja descriptiva. Réigiún Caipitil na Bruiséile: tá gá le tionscadail a eagraíodh chun éicea-thógáil agus athchóiriú comhtháite a spreagadh chun foirgnimh rathúla na “Foirgneamh eiseamláireach” a aimsiú. Chun go roghnófar iad, ní mór do na buaiteoirí cloí le raon critéar i dtaca le fuinneamh, uisce agus bainistiú dramhaíola, chomh maith le compord agus aeistéitic, agus rochtain airgeadais a choinneáil ar mhargadh na Bruiséile ag an am céanna. Soláthraíonn an bunachar sonraí uimhreacha agus ainmneacha na dtionscadal, chomh maith leis an nasc chuig bileog thuairisciúil. Région de Bruxelles-Capitale : localisation des bâtiments lauréats des appels à projets "Bâtiments Exemplaires" organisés en vue d'encourager les démarches d'éco-construction et rénovation intégrée. Pour être sélectionnés, les lauréats doivent répondre à une série de critères en matière d'énergie, de gestion de l'eau et des déchets, mais aussi de confort et d'esthétisme tout en restant accessibles financièrement pour le marché bruxellois. La base de données fournit les numéros et noms de projets, ainsi que le lien vers une fiche descriptive. Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest: lokalisatie van de winnende gebouwen van de projectoproep "Voorbeeldgebouwen" die georganiseerd wordt om ecoconstuctie- en geïntegreerde renovatieprojecten aan te moedigen. Om geselecteerd te worden, moeten de laureaten aan een reeks criteria op de vlak van energie, waterbeheer en afvalstoffen alsook comfort en esthetiek voldoen en tegelijkertijd financieel toegankelijk blijven voor de Brusselse markt. Die gegevens bevatten het nummer en de naam van het project, en een link naar een beschrijvende fiche. Regiunea Bruxelles-Capitală: amplasarea clădirilor de succes ale „Clădirilor Exemplare” necesită proiecte organizate pentru a încuraja construcția ecologică și renovarea integrată. Pentru a fi selectați, câștigătorii trebuie să îndeplinească o serie de criterii în ceea ce privește energia, apa și gestionarea deșeurilor, precum și confortul și estetica, rămânând totodată accesibile din punct de vedere financiar pieței de la Bruxelles. Baza de date oferă numere și nume de proiecte, precum și linkul către o foaie descriptivă. Brussels-Capital Region: location of the buildings winning the "Exemplary Buildings" calls for proposals organised with the aim of encouraging initiatives in eco-construction and integrated renovation. In order to be selected, winners must fulfil a series of criteria with regard to energy and management of water and waste, but also comfort and aesthetics, all while remaining financially accessible for the Brussels market. The dataset contains the number and name of the projects, and a link to an description factsheet. Região de Bruxelas-Capital: localização dos edifícios bem sucedidos dos «Edifícios Exemplares» convites à apresentação de projetos organizados para incentivar a ecoconstrução e a renovação integrada. Para serem selecionados, os vencedores devem satisfazer uma série de critérios em termos de energia, água e gestão de resíduos, bem como de conforto e estética, mantendo-se financeiramente acessíveis ao mercado de Bruxelas. O banco de dados fornece números e nomes do projeto, bem como o link para uma folha descritiva. Brüsszel fővárosi régió: a „Példaként szolgáló épületek” sikeres épületeinek elhelyezkedése olyan projektekre irányul, amelyek célja az ökoépítés és az integrált felújítás ösztönzése. A kiválasztáshoz a nyerteseknek számos kritériumnak kell megfelelniük az energia-, víz- és hulladékgazdálkodás, valamint a kényelem és az esztétika tekintetében, miközben továbbra is pénzügyileg hozzáférhetők a brüsszeli piac számára. Az adatbázis tartalmazza a projektszámokat és neveket, valamint a leíró lapra mutató linket.

Project: Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) datasets - These data have been generated as part of the internationally-coordinated Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6; see also GMD Special Issue: http://www.geosci-model-dev.net/special_issue590.html). The simulation data provides a basis for climate research designed to answer fundamental science questions and serves as resource for authors of the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC-AR6). CMIP6 is a project coordinated by the Working Group on Coupled Modelling (WGCM) as part of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP). Phase 6 builds on previous phases executed under the leadership of the Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI) and relies on the Earth System Grid Federation (ESGF) and the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) along with numerous related activities for implementation. The original data is hosted and partially replicated on a federated collection of data nodes, and most of the data relied on by the IPCC is being archived for long-term preservation at the IPCC Data Distribution Centre (IPCC DDC) hosted by the German Climate Computing Center (DKRZ). The project includes simulations from about 120 global climate models and around 45 institutions and organizations worldwide. Summary: These data include the subset used by IPCC AR6 WGI authors of the datasets originally published in ESGF for 'CMIP6.CMIP.MOHC.HadGEM3-GC31-MM.historical' with the full Data Reference Syntax following the template 'mip_era.activity_id.institution_id.source_id.experiment_id.member_id.table_id.variable_id.grid_label.version'. The HadGEM3-GC3.1-N216ORCA025 climate model, released in 2016, includes the following components: aerosol: UKCA-GLOMAP-mode, atmos: MetUM-HadGEM3-GA7.1 (N216; 432 x 324 longitude/latitude; 85 levels; top level 85 km), land: JULES-HadGEM3-GL7.1, ocean: NEMO-HadGEM3-GO6.0 (eORCA025 tripolar primarily 0.25 deg; 1440 x 1205 longitude/latitude; 75 levels; top grid cell 0-1 m), seaIce: CICE-HadGEM3-GSI8 (eORCA025 tripolar primarily 0.25 deg; 1440 x 1205 longitude/latitude). The model was run by the Met Office Hadley Centre, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, Devon, EX1 3PB, UK (MOHC) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 100 km, atmos: 100 km, land: 100 km, ocean: 25 km, seaIce: 25 km.

These data record the results of processing otter trawl catches (OTSB14; Merrett & Marshall, 1980) from the National Oceanography Centre (NOC, UK) long-term study of the Porcupine Abyssal Plain (PAP), including the PAP-Sustained Observatory time-series. The data concern catches recovered during the RRS Challenger cruise 135 in 1997. Billett, D.S.M. et al. (1998). RRS Challenger Cruise 135, 15 Oct-30 Oct 1997. BENGAL: High resolution temporal and spatial study of the BENthic biology and Geochemistry of a north-eastern Atlantic abyssal Locality. Southampton Oceanography Centre Cruise Report, No. 19, 49pp.| https://www.bodc.ac.uk/resources/inventories/cruise_inventory/reports/ch135_97.pdf