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Thus, this study will map out the current situation of DES in selected ASEAN Member States, and discuss the opportunities for DES in the ASEAN region to support and foster the convergence of the ASEAN Economic Community and sustainable economic growth by providing affordable, reliable, and better energy sources with less GHG emissions.

In this doctoral thesis, I develop a Kantian political theory for anthropogenic climate change. I argue that human-induced climatic changes are a form of collective domination. My analysis adds an outspokenly democratic perspective to the public debate on climate change, which is increasingly marked by a new distrust in democracy. I first emphasise the need for a political theory of climate change. Climate change raises many important normative questions: How serious a problem is climate change and why? What is a just and equitable answer to climate change? Who is responsible for tackling climate change? Many answers, often opposing, have been offered. Opposition often results from deeply engrained disagreements over appropriate ethical standards. To avoid imposing our own views on these important questions, however well-conceived we think they are, an approach is needed that guides our normative theorising under the condition of this de facto disagreement over ethical standards. While normative political theory is specifically tailored to operate under this condition, I contend that a Kantian political theory provides an especially compelling way to do so. At the heart of Kantian political theory is the notion of domination. However, the process of adapting the Kantian notion of domination to climate change faces an important challenge. We are accustomed to thinking of domination in terms of the paradigm example of a master–slave relationship. The relationship that climate change establishes among various agents differs, however, from this paradigm example in two significant ways. First, the relevant agents will almost certainly never meet each other (indirect relationship), and, second, individual agents cannot bring about the dominating climatic changes on their own (collective relationship). Therefore, I advance an additional understanding of the notion of force that is geared towards the indirect nature of climate change. Drawing on the philosophical debate about coercion and the literature on forced migration, I argue that it is through changes to the option-set of a rational agent that climatic changes and, thus, the agents who cause them, exert force. This rendering of force sheds a clear light on the conceptual basis for speaking of forced climate displacement and provides a striking instance of domination as Kantians understand it. Finally, I develop an understanding of the collective nature of climate change. I argue that the normativity of individual emissions of greenhouse gases, such as through a sunny Sunday afternoon joyride, is different from other trivial cases of wrongdoing, such as delivering a kick to the shins. While the debate on this question has been focused almost exclusively on quantitative aspects of the respective causal chains that link the individual actions to the harm they cause, I contend that their difference lies in a neglected qualitative feature: Contrary to the harm done in more trivial cases, climate harm is a non-aggregative outcome. It is, therefore, a wrong that is committed not by you or me, but by us collectively. It is the political wrong of domination that Kantian political theory seeks to identify. History provides us with many examples of only poorly disguised faces of domination. I argue that our unprecedented ability to change the climate is yet another face of domination, even though it may be less apparently so. It is here that the proposed analysis emphatically reasserts a democratic perspective on climate change. Climate domination can be overcome only if we ensure that the opposing views of every person are taken into account when answering the important normative questions climate change raises. Thus, a Kantian political theory account of climate change urges us to place the question of transnational and intergenerational democracy at the top of our agenda. The resulting political theory of climate change can be read as adding a new facet to a critique that was introduced as early as 1991 by Anil Agarwal and Sunita Narain and was directed at what they defiantly labelled as ‘environmental colonialism’. Dissertation, Universität Duisburg-Essen, 2020

This paper reports on the long-term objectives and current research results of the on-going Renewable Energy to Africa (REAfrica) project. The purpose of the REAfrica project is to increase knowledge of renewable energy solutions and markets in Sub-Saharan Africa in order to support Finnish renewable energy sector companies in entering the African market. Entry into a new geographical area also involves entry into a new business culture. This paper considers the potential for collaboration and networking with local partners in both business and research as a means of fostering business innovation. To achieve this, it is proposed that research collaboration needs to evolve as ecosystem-level collaboration on three levels - business, research and governmental - in order to create a 'piloting gateway' for new technologies.

Climate changes are an ongoing process around the globe. One of the most vulnerable areas are drylands. Desertification is widely reported in most of these areas and is of particular research interest due to its influence on human infrastructures and habitat, as drylands are home to approximately 40% of the human population. The extent of global drylands fluctuates since the 1940s with a general increase, peaking in the period of 1980-2008 with 3.1% increase relative to 1948-1979 (Li et al., 2019). Under different scenarios of global warming, arid and semi-arid areas could potentially expand up to 7-12% in size effecting more people by the year 2100 (Feng and Fu, 2013; Koutroulis, 2019; Yao et al., 2020). One of the most common geomorphic features in arid and semi-arid environments are dunes. They show fast reaction times to changes in local climatic conditions and have been used to study and reconstruct short- and long-term climatic changes by multiple researchers. The northeastern Tibetan Plateau (TP) is widely regarded as the third pole and holds a unique regional configuration of high elevation and varying topography. For humans and other lifeforms, the TP is of high importance due to its role as a water source, feeding multiple large river networks, including the Yangtze, the Yellow River, the Indus, and the Ganges. The main wind regimes are the mid-latitude Westerlies, dominant in the winter months, and the East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM). This combination results in extreme seasonality with dry, cold, and windy winters and rainy, mild summer months. Dunes are landscape features which are widely distributed among the northeastern TP. Sand sources are manifold with erosive sediment from mountain processes to fluvial material being blown out. However, dune specific studies with a recent time focus are still scarce on the northeastern TP. Also, the study of a high number of individual dunes in relation to wind derived values for their exact position is not that common. The main dune type found in the study areas are barchan dunes, both in dune fields and solitary. The presented thesis aims to analyze dune migration rates, dune field density, and sand sheet area development on the northeastern TP in relation to climate changes of the past six decades. Dune migration rates as the main metric, as well as dune field density are extracted from multitemporal satellite imagery observation. A key data source to achieve this task are the CORONA KH-4B satellite images from the 1960s. They have a sufficiently high spatial resolution ofup to 1.8 m making identification of singular barchan dunes possible. Wind information is mainly extracted from the ERA-5 reanalysis dataset (30 km spatial resolution) in order to cover the given time period. Here, drift potential and related indices are calculated, analyzed and compared to the selected dunes spatially and temporarily. These datasets are completed with ERA5-Land reanalysis data (9 km spatial resolution) for temperature and precipitation, and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) from Landsat 5, 7, and 8 images since 1987. Upon the broad northeastern TP, three focus regions were chosen, as well as one at the northern margin to get comparative data across the region, and the neighboring areas. Though the three presented studies the results show a good correlation between dunes as actual landscape features and climate model data, represented by ERA-5. However, regional contrasts become apparent in terms of dune migration rates, where the influence of the main wind regimes are dominant. It was found, that the Westerlies, still the dominant driver for aeolian transport, are weaker in the summer months, while dominant in winter. This north-to-south gradient is well represented in the migration rates of 563 mapped and measured barchan dunes across the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, a big repository of dune movement data. Also, where the EASM is more influential, hardly any barchans are found. Further, human impact was considered and is found to alter natural development measurable as presented by dune field density data in agricultural areas. Dissertation, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, 2024; Aachen : RWTH Aachen University 1 Online-Ressource : Illustrationen (2024). = Dissertation, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, 2024 Published by RWTH Aachen University, Aachen

In SONNET, we investigate the development of the SIE-field called ‘participatory experimentation and incubation’, i.e. multi-actor, collaborative formats that aim to experiment with and/or try out novel energy solutions in specific (local and temporal limited, project-like) settings. This report analyses formats that bring together actors from different societal spheres to collaborate (rather than to have a dialogue only) in a project-like setting. To qualify, a collaboration needs to be considered by at least one of the actors as an ‘experiment’ meaning that it aims at testing, investigating or trialling a specific solution and/or clearly aiming at learning from putting certain solutions in practice. To be included in this report, the experimentation clearly focuses on energy topics and takes place in Germany. Although terms and concepts are often not clearly defined, we could distinguish and trace the developments of at least five collaborative multi-actor experimentation formats during the last twenty years.

Proc. of Patras Workshop on Axions, WIMPs and WISPs, 68 - 71; DESY-PROC-2011-04; ISSN 1435-8077 Contribution to Proceedings

Dependence of the survival curves of Burkitt lymphoma cells, which were featured by their small n or Dq values, on linear energy transfer (LET) obtained for different quality of radiation was revealed markedly in the change of D0 value, together with a small change in n value. Relative biological effectiveness (RBE) compared with Dq, n and D37 values of Burkitt lymphoma cells for high LET radiation was smaller than that of other cell lines. This finding supports the hypothesis that in Burkitt lymphoma cells the recovery capacity from sublethal damage (Dq) is so small even after low LET irradiation that LET does not modify the suppression of recovery. Similar survival curves with n value closely equal to 1 were obtained for four different mammalian cell lines (Burkitt lymphoma p3HR- 1, human melanoma HMV, HeLa-S3, and L5178Y) after 2 MeV neutron irradiation. This fact may suggest that the radiation which has an LET value at which n value of the survival curve is to be 1 will be optimum for therapeutic purpose to the radioresistant tumors.

Ecovillages are arguably seen as "pioneers of change." Yet, thus far, little light has been shed on their potential to effect change beyond their own borders. This issue of RCC Perspectives presents a much needed overview of research on ecovillages, looking at the history and philosophy of utopias and presenting case studies and ongoing research from across the globe. It addresses whether ecovillages can serve as models for a cultural transformation, and shows how researchers and activists could and are collaborating in the quest for utopia, all the while inviting readers to explore what it means to live "the good life."

This work was supported by the People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007e2013/under REA grant agreement n 317085 [PITN-GA-2012-317085], commonly known at the SHINE (Solar Heat INtegration Network) Program (https://www.uni-kassel.de/projekte/solnet-shine/home.html)