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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Heidbrink, Ingo K.;

    Since the 1880s the main preservation method onboard European fishing trawlers was ice manufactured in the fishing ports with mechanized technology based on direct or indirect use of fossil fuels. In 1929 the Norwegian entrepreneur Harald Berg opened a large-scale natural ice factory in northern Norway and challenged the artificial ice producers by providing natural ice to the trawlers, a sustainable and renewable resource. In response, the artificial ice producers tried to discredit natural ice as polluted, unhealthy, and not acceptable for food preservation, with a German district veterinarian at the fishing port of Geestemuende supporting this effort. After several local and Reich authorities became involved, the Reichskuratorium für Technik in der Landwirtschaft conducted an on-site study in Norway in 1936 that stated that there was absolutely no pollution or food safety/health concern and that the ice was safe to be used onboard the trawlers. In the end, the whole campaign by the artificial ice producers in Geestemünde needs to be understood as a campaign of a fossil fuel-based industry to push a competitor out of the market—a competitor who had found a way to manufacture an identical product in a sustainable and renewable way.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Open Data LMUarrow_drop_down
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    Open Data LMU
    Article . 2020
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Datacite
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      Open Data LMU
      Article . 2020
      License: CC BY
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Shaikh Baikloo Islam, Babak; Sokhansefat, Tahmineh;
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.2312/yes...
    Other literature type . 2021
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Datacite
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ https://dx.doi.org/1...arrow_drop_down
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.2312/yes...
      Other literature type . 2021
      License: CC BY
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Schubert, Gunnar;

    Die vorherrschende Technologie zur Kontaktierung von Silizium-Solarzellen in der Photovoltaikindustrie ist die Dickfilmmetallisierung. Die Vorteile dieser kostengünstigen Technologie liegen im hohen Durchsatz, der geringen Zahl an Prozessschritten und der Möglichkeit, von dem Erfahrungsschatz der Mikroelektronik zu profitieren. Ein Weg zur weiteren Reduktion der Kosten pro Wattpeak ist die Steigerung des Wirkungsgrades von Industriesolarzellen. Die Hauptverluste einer solchen Solarzelle sind zum einen materialinduziert, zum anderen eng mit der Dickfilmmetallisierung verknüpft.In dieser Doktorarbeit wird deshalb die Dickfilmmetallisierung von kristallinen Silizium-Solarzellen grundlegend untersucht. Konkurrierende Prozesse während der Kontaktbildung werden getrennt voneinander analysiert. Aus den daraus gewonnenen Erkenntnissen werden Modelle für die Kontaktbildung und die elektrische Leitung in einem Dickfilmkontakt erstellt. Diese Modelle werden angewendet, um eine Prozesssequenz zu entwickeln, die es ermöglicht, moderat dotierte Emitter (ND, Oberfläche = 4×10^19 cm^-3) mit einer Standard-Silber-Dickfilmpaste zu kontaktieren. Des Weiteren werden blei- und cadmiumfreie Silber- und Aluminium-Dickfilmpasten zur Metallisierung von Solarzellen entwickelt. Optimierte Pasten, die innerhalb des europäischen Forschungsprojekts EC2Contact entwickelt wurden, führen zur Herstellung von Industriesolarzellen, die den Wirkungsgrad bleihaltiger Referenzpasten erreichen. Dies ist der bisher höchste publizierte Wirkungsgrad, der mit bleifreien Dickfilmpasten erzielt wurde. Die entwickelten Pasten werden derzeit vom Projektpartner Metalor in den Markt eingeführt.Diese Arbeit ist in drei Teile unterteilt. Der erste Teil handelt von der Industriesolarzelle im Allgemeinen. In Kapitel 1 wird dieser Typ Solarzelle und sein Herstellungsprozess vorgestellt. Im 2. Kapitel werden die Hauptverlustmechanismen in typischen Industriesolarzellen identifiziert und untersucht. Typische Charakterisierungsmethoden, die in dieser Arbeit benutzt werden, werden eingeführt und angewendet. Abschließend wird der Einfluss des Kontaktfeuerungsprozesses auf die Solarzellenleistung untersucht.Die Untersuchungen des Silberdickfilmkontaktes auf Solarzellen werden im zweiten Teil vorgestellt. In Kapitel 3 wird die Entwicklung des Linienwiderstands aufgrund von Sintern der Silberpartikel im schnellen Feuerprozess mit Hilfe einer neu entwickelten Messmethode, der in-situ Linienwiderstandsmessung, untersucht. Die Mikrostruktur des Kontaktinterfaces von Silberdickfilmkontakten zu Silizium wird mit elektronenmikroskopischen Aufnahmen und Röntgenstrahlanalysen in Kapitel 4 untersucht. Die elektrische Kontaktbildung ist Inhalt des Kapitels 5. Der Fokus liegt hier auf der Rolle des Bleioxids, welches in der Glasfritte enthalten ist. Die Glasfritte ist Teil einer typischen Dickfilmpaste. Sowohl der Einfluss der Oberflächenkonzentration des Phosphors als auch der Oberflächentextur des Siliziums wird studiert. Aus den Erkenntnissen wird ein Modell der Kontaktbildung aufgestellt. In Kapitel 6 werden die elektrischen Eigenschaften des eingebrannten Silber-Dickfilmkontakts untersucht. Mit Hilfe von grundlegenden Metall-Halbleiter Gleichungen werden die Eigenschaften des Silberdickfilmkontakts simuliert und die Ergebnisse mit experimentellen Daten verglichen. Die Kinetik der elektrischen Kontaktbildung wird mit Hilfe der neu entwickelten In-Situ Kontaktwiderstandsmessung studiert. Des Weiteren wird der hilfreiche Effekt eines Forming Gas Anneals auf den Kontaktwiderstand des Silberdickfilmkontakts zum Silizium untersucht. Die Ergebnisse werden zur erfolgreichen Herstellung einer Solarzelle mit einem moderat dotierten Emitter mit einem Serienwiderstand von 0.7 Ohmcm^2 führen.Im dritten Teil wird die Entwicklung von bleifreien Dickfilmpasten zusammengefasst. Das in Kapitel 5 entwickelte Modell der Silberdickfilmkontaktbildung wird in Kapitel 7 angewendet, um geeignete Alternativen zum Bleioxid zu finden. Schließlich werden diese Untersuchungen zur erfolgreichen Entwicklung einer blei- und cadmiumfreien Silberpaste führen. In Kapitel 8 werden die Untersuchungen und Experimente zur Entwicklung einer blei- und cadmiumfreien Aluminiumpaste vorgestellt. published

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  • Knowledge creation and sharing are integral to ADB’s work. Every year, we publish a wide range of studies, statistical reports, working papers, books, briefs, and awareness-raising materials. All our publications are available for digital download. Hard copies are available at ADB headquarters, from commercial distributors, booksellers, and—in cases where there is an agreement—from copublishers. Turn to the back of this catalog for more details, or visit our website: adb.org/publications. This publication is focused on Energy.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Greinke, Lena; Mehnen, Nora;

    pnd - rethinking planning 2024(1), 41-62 (2024). special issue: "(Un)Möglichkeit der Teilhabe : Grenzen in der Stadtentwicklung = (Im)Possibility of participation : limits in urban development / herausgegeben von Nina Berding, Katharina Frieling, Moritz Maikämper" Published by Lehrstuhl für Planungstheorie und Stadtentwicklung der RWTH Aachen University, Aachen

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Peter Letmathe; Jens Oliver Lorz; Dmytro Katerusha;

    The objectives of the dissertation are the identification of obstacles to the use of recycled concrete and the empirical examination of the effectiveness of economic policy measures to increase the use of recycled concrete in building construction in Germany. For this purpose, several partially experimentally oriented surveys of different actors in the construction value chain in Germany and Switzerland were conducted. In context of promoting sustainable construction, the results point to the need to consider recycled materials in the public tender, stronger governmental support and further training and qualification measures on the subject of recycled concrete sustainable construction. Dissertation, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, 2021; Aachen : RWTH Aachen University 1 Online-Ressource (X, 161 Seiten) : Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten (2021). = Dissertation, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, 2021 Published by RWTH Aachen University, Aachen

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    https://dx.doi.org/10.18154/rw...
    Doctoral thesis . 2021
    Data sources: Datacite
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.18154/rw...
      Doctoral thesis . 2021
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Körper, Janina;

    Ziel dieser Dissertation ist es, ein tieferes Verständnis für Klima-Commitment - d.h. eine in der Vergangenheit oder rezent verursachte Klimaänderung, die in der Zukunft eintreffen wird - und Klimaänderungungen in Mitigationsszenarien zu erlangen. Es werden Klimamodelle verwendet, um sowohl globale als auch regionale Änderungen in den verschiedenen Subsystemen zu untersuchen, wobei der Fokus auf ausgewählten Schlüsselaspekten liegt. Ein vollgekoppeltes Ozean- Atmosphäre-Allgemeine-Zirkulations-Modell wird verwendet, um Klimaänderungen unter ansteigenden Treibhausgaskonzentrationen und anschließender Stabilisierung dieser Konzentration zu simulieren. Darüber hinaus wird ein Ensemble von gekoppelten Klimamodellen sowie Erdsystemmodellen in einem Szenario analysiert, das konsistent ist mit dem Ziel, eine Änderung der globalen Mitteltemperatur von nicht mehr als 2°C verglichen mit der vorindustriellen Periode zu erreichen. Um den Anteil der Klimaänderungen zu identifizieren, der vermieden werden kann, werden Simulationen des Mitigationsszenarios mit Simulationen eines "Weiter-so-wie-bisher" Szenarios verglichen. Diese Arbeit zeigt, dass das 2°C-Ziel - gemeinhin insbesondere von politischen Entscheidungsträgern für geeignet erachtet, gefährliche anthropogene Eingriffe in das Klimasystem zu verhindern - allein nicht ausreichen wird, alle ungewollten Folgen des Klimawandels zu vermeiden. Dies betrifft die globale Skala, da der Einfluss von Mitigationsmaßnahmen auf den hydrologischen Zyklus geringer ist als auf die bodennahe Temperatur. Es betrifft aber auch die regionale Skala in besonders sensitiven Regionen. Einige ungewollte Effekte, wie das exzessive Schmelzen arktischen Meereises im Sommer und somit eine nahezu eisfreie Arktis, können vermieden werden. Andere Prozesse, wie der starke Rückgang der Fläche von Gebieten mit Taiga- und Tundravegetation, werden auch bei starken Mitigitationsmaßnahmen voranschreiten. Darüber hinaus spielt Klima-Commitment eine wichtige Rolle für den zeitlichen Verlauf von Klimaänderungen während des 21. Jahrhunderts (zum Beispiel steigt die Temperatur auch unter sinkenden Treibhausgasemissionen weiter an) und über diesen Zeitraum hinaus (zum Beispiel mit einem anhaltenden Meeresspiegelanstieg). This thesis aims at a deeper understanding of committed climate change and the climate response in mitigation scenarios. Focusing on selected key aspects of climate change climate models are employed to study global mean changes as well as regional changes of different subsystems. Therefore, a fully-coupled ocean atmosphere general circulation model is employed simulating climate change under increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations and stabilization of GHG concentrations thereafter. Additionally, an ensemble of ocean- atmosphere general circulation models and Earth system models is analyzed under a mitigation scenario that is consistent with the target of limiting global mean temperature change to 2°C relative to the pre-industrial era. To identify the portion of climate change that can be avoided, simulations of the mitigation scenario are compared to a business-as-usual scenario. This thesis shows that the 2°C target - commonly assumed for example by policy makers to be suitable to prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system - alone will not be sufficient to avoid all adverse impacts of climate change. This applies to the global scale, with the effect of mitigation on the hydrological cycle being weaker than the effect on surface temperature. It also applies to the regional scale in very sensitive regions. While some adverse effects such as excessive melting of Arctic summer sea ice resulting in a nearly ice free Arctic can be avoided, other aspects such as a strong reduction in the extent of Taiga and Tundra may evolve even under strong mitigation efforts. Furthermore, climate commitment plays an important role for the temporal evolution during the 21st century (e.g., temperature increases despite of decreasing GHG emissions) and beyond the scenario period (e.g., sea level rise).

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    Authors: Wąs, Adam; Zawalińska, Katarzyna; Britz, Wolfgang; Wąs, Adam; +2 Authors

    This paper examines the potential impact of the EU Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) decision – for the budget perspective 2014-2020 – known as ‘greening of the CAP’ which aims to improve the environmental performance of agriculture and hence, its sustainability. The reform established environmental measures that European farmers need to introduce in order to receive direct payments under the CAP. Using the wellestablished CAPRI model with its new extension by regional Computable General Equilibrium models, the economic and environmental consequences of the reform on agriculture are estimated. The calculations are carried out for the countries which signed so called Baltic Sea Action Plan (BSAP) – an ambitious programme to restore the good ecological status of the Baltic marine environment by 2021. The results are presented in form of agricultural, economic and environmental effects of the reform against a baseline scenario for 2020 in the analysed countries. They indicate that “greening” causes a decline in the area of the main crops, increase crop prices and slightly intensified production on the remaining areas. Farm income would increase, but due to the low intensity of agriculture in the Baltic countries this increase would be rather limited.

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    https://dx.doi.org/10.22004/ag...
    Other literature type . 2014
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.22004/ag...
      Other literature type . 2014
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  • In order to keep abreast of emerging issues at the National/International and local level, SDPI brings out a Monthly E-Newsletter. It carries reference information to the News items/Comments/Op-Eds appearing in leading National/International dailies.

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    Authors: TONELLI, FLAVIO; Short S.; Taticchi P.;

    The case of ILVA steel works in Taranto, Italy demonstrates the potential impacts associated with failing to adequately consider environmental and social sustainability issues within the business model of the firm. This paper provides a review of the situation at ILVA today; the decisions and actions that contributed to the current situation since privatisation of the firm in 1995; and the choices now facing government, the local community, and the firm’s owners going forward including a review of Best Available Techniques (BATs). The review is supported with relevant sustainability literature and explores how a more comprehensive assessment of sustainability considerations might be better integrated into business model evolution.

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    Conference object . 2013
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    Conference object . 2013
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Heidbrink, Ingo K.;

    Since the 1880s the main preservation method onboard European fishing trawlers was ice manufactured in the fishing ports with mechanized technology based on direct or indirect use of fossil fuels. In 1929 the Norwegian entrepreneur Harald Berg opened a large-scale natural ice factory in northern Norway and challenged the artificial ice producers by providing natural ice to the trawlers, a sustainable and renewable resource. In response, the artificial ice producers tried to discredit natural ice as polluted, unhealthy, and not acceptable for food preservation, with a German district veterinarian at the fishing port of Geestemuende supporting this effort. After several local and Reich authorities became involved, the Reichskuratorium für Technik in der Landwirtschaft conducted an on-site study in Norway in 1936 that stated that there was absolutely no pollution or food safety/health concern and that the ice was safe to be used onboard the trawlers. In the end, the whole campaign by the artificial ice producers in Geestemünde needs to be understood as a campaign of a fossil fuel-based industry to push a competitor out of the market—a competitor who had found a way to manufacture an identical product in a sustainable and renewable way.

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    Open Data LMU
    Article . 2020
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      Article . 2020
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Shaikh Baikloo Islam, Babak; Sokhansefat, Tahmineh;
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.2312/yes...
    Other literature type . 2021
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.2312/yes...
      Other literature type . 2021
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Schubert, Gunnar;

    Die vorherrschende Technologie zur Kontaktierung von Silizium-Solarzellen in der Photovoltaikindustrie ist die Dickfilmmetallisierung. Die Vorteile dieser kostengünstigen Technologie liegen im hohen Durchsatz, der geringen Zahl an Prozessschritten und der Möglichkeit, von dem Erfahrungsschatz der Mikroelektronik zu profitieren. Ein Weg zur weiteren Reduktion der Kosten pro Wattpeak ist die Steigerung des Wirkungsgrades von Industriesolarzellen. Die Hauptverluste einer solchen Solarzelle sind zum einen materialinduziert, zum anderen eng mit der Dickfilmmetallisierung verknüpft.In dieser Doktorarbeit wird deshalb die Dickfilmmetallisierung von kristallinen Silizium-Solarzellen grundlegend untersucht. Konkurrierende Prozesse während der Kontaktbildung werden getrennt voneinander analysiert. Aus den daraus gewonnenen Erkenntnissen werden Modelle für die Kontaktbildung und die elektrische Leitung in einem Dickfilmkontakt erstellt. Diese Modelle werden angewendet, um eine Prozesssequenz zu entwickeln, die es ermöglicht, moderat dotierte Emitter (ND, Oberfläche = 4×10^19 cm^-3) mit einer Standard-Silber-Dickfilmpaste zu kontaktieren. Des Weiteren werden blei- und cadmiumfreie Silber- und Aluminium-Dickfilmpasten zur Metallisierung von Solarzellen entwickelt. Optimierte Pasten, die innerhalb des europäischen Forschungsprojekts EC2Contact entwickelt wurden, führen zur Herstellung von Industriesolarzellen, die den Wirkungsgrad bleihaltiger Referenzpasten erreichen. Dies ist der bisher höchste publizierte Wirkungsgrad, der mit bleifreien Dickfilmpasten erzielt wurde. Die entwickelten Pasten werden derzeit vom Projektpartner Metalor in den Markt eingeführt.Diese Arbeit ist in drei Teile unterteilt. Der erste Teil handelt von der Industriesolarzelle im Allgemeinen. In Kapitel 1 wird dieser Typ Solarzelle und sein Herstellungsprozess vorgestellt. Im 2. Kapitel werden die Hauptverlustmechanismen in typischen Industriesolarzellen identifiziert und untersucht. Typische Charakterisierungsmethoden, die in dieser Arbeit benutzt werden, werden eingeführt und angewendet. Abschließend wird der Einfluss des Kontaktfeuerungsprozesses auf die Solarzellenleistung untersucht.Die Untersuchungen des Silberdickfilmkontaktes auf Solarzellen werden im zweiten Teil vorgestellt. In Kapitel 3 wird die Entwicklung des Linienwiderstands aufgrund von Sintern der Silberpartikel im schnellen Feuerprozess mit Hilfe einer neu entwickelten Messmethode, der in-situ Linienwiderstandsmessung, untersucht. Die Mikrostruktur des Kontaktinterfaces von Silberdickfilmkontakten zu Silizium wird mit elektronenmikroskopischen Aufnahmen und Röntgenstrahlanalysen in Kapitel 4 untersucht. Die elektrische Kontaktbildung ist Inhalt des Kapitels 5. Der Fokus liegt hier auf der Rolle des Bleioxids, welches in der Glasfritte enthalten ist. Die Glasfritte ist Teil einer typischen Dickfilmpaste. Sowohl der Einfluss der Oberflächenkonzentration des Phosphors als auch der Oberflächentextur des Siliziums wird studiert. Aus den Erkenntnissen wird ein Modell der Kontaktbildung aufgestellt. In Kapitel 6 werden die elektrischen Eigenschaften des eingebrannten Silber-Dickfilmkontakts untersucht. Mit Hilfe von grundlegenden Metall-Halbleiter Gleichungen werden die Eigenschaften des Silberdickfilmkontakts simuliert und die Ergebnisse mit experimentellen Daten verglichen. Die Kinetik der elektrischen Kontaktbildung wird mit Hilfe der neu entwickelten In-Situ Kontaktwiderstandsmessung studiert. Des Weiteren wird der hilfreiche Effekt eines Forming Gas Anneals auf den Kontaktwiderstand des Silberdickfilmkontakts zum Silizium untersucht. Die Ergebnisse werden zur erfolgreichen Herstellung einer Solarzelle mit einem moderat dotierten Emitter mit einem Serienwiderstand von 0.7 Ohmcm^2 führen.Im dritten Teil wird die Entwicklung von bleifreien Dickfilmpasten zusammengefasst. Das in Kapitel 5 entwickelte Modell der Silberdickfilmkontaktbildung wird in Kapitel 7 angewendet, um geeignete Alternativen zum Bleioxid zu finden. Schließlich werden diese Untersuchungen zur erfolgreichen Entwicklung einer blei- und cadmiumfreien Silberpaste führen. In Kapitel 8 werden die Untersuchungen und Experimente zur Entwicklung einer blei- und cadmiumfreien Aluminiumpaste vorgestellt. published

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  • Knowledge creation and sharing are integral to ADB’s work. Every year, we publish a wide range of studies, statistical reports, working papers, books, briefs, and awareness-raising materials. All our publications are available for digital download. Hard copies are available at ADB headquarters, from commercial distributors, booksellers, and—in cases where there is an agreement—from copublishers. Turn to the back of this catalog for more details, or visit our website: adb.org/publications. This publication is focused on Energy.

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    Authors: Greinke, Lena; Mehnen, Nora;

    pnd - rethinking planning 2024(1), 41-62 (2024). special issue: "(Un)Möglichkeit der Teilhabe : Grenzen in der Stadtentwicklung = (Im)Possibility of participation : limits in urban development / herausgegeben von Nina Berding, Katharina Frieling, Moritz Maikämper" Published by Lehrstuhl für Planungstheorie und Stadtentwicklung der RWTH Aachen University, Aachen

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Peter Letmathe; Jens Oliver Lorz; Dmytro Katerusha;

    The objectives of the dissertation are the identification of obstacles to the use of recycled concrete and the empirical examination of the effectiveness of economic policy measures to increase the use of recycled concrete in building construction in Germany. For this purpose, several partially experimentally oriented surveys of different actors in the construction value chain in Germany and Switzerland were conducted. In context of promoting sustainable construction, the results point to the need to consider recycled materials in the public tender, stronger governmental support and further training and qualification measures on the subject of recycled concrete sustainable construction. Dissertation, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, 2021; Aachen : RWTH Aachen University 1 Online-Ressource (X, 161 Seiten) : Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten (2021). = Dissertation, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, 2021 Published by RWTH Aachen University, Aachen

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    https://dx.doi.org/10.18154/rw...
    Doctoral thesis . 2021
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.18154/rw...
      Doctoral thesis . 2021
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    Authors: Körper, Janina;

    Ziel dieser Dissertation ist es, ein tieferes Verständnis für Klima-Commitment - d.h. eine in der Vergangenheit oder rezent verursachte Klimaänderung, die in der Zukunft eintreffen wird - und Klimaänderungungen in Mitigationsszenarien zu erlangen. Es werden Klimamodelle verwendet, um sowohl globale als auch regionale Änderungen in den verschiedenen Subsystemen zu untersuchen, wobei der Fokus auf ausgewählten Schlüsselaspekten liegt. Ein vollgekoppeltes Ozean- Atmosphäre-Allgemeine-Zirkulations-Modell wird verwendet, um Klimaänderungen unter ansteigenden Treibhausgaskonzentrationen und anschließender Stabilisierung dieser Konzentration zu simulieren. Darüber hinaus wird ein Ensemble von gekoppelten Klimamodellen sowie Erdsystemmodellen in einem Szenario analysiert, das konsistent ist mit dem Ziel, eine Änderung der globalen Mitteltemperatur von nicht mehr als 2°C verglichen mit der vorindustriellen Periode zu erreichen. Um den Anteil der Klimaänderungen zu identifizieren, der vermieden werden kann, werden Simulationen des Mitigationsszenarios mit Simulationen eines "Weiter-so-wie-bisher" Szenarios verglichen. Diese Arbeit zeigt, dass das 2°C-Ziel - gemeinhin insbesondere von politischen Entscheidungsträgern für geeignet erachtet, gefährliche anthropogene Eingriffe in das Klimasystem zu verhindern - allein nicht ausreichen wird, alle ungewollten Folgen des Klimawandels zu vermeiden. Dies betrifft die globale Skala, da der Einfluss von Mitigationsmaßnahmen auf den hydrologischen Zyklus geringer ist als auf die bodennahe Temperatur. Es betrifft aber auch die regionale Skala in besonders sensitiven Regionen. Einige ungewollte Effekte, wie das exzessive Schmelzen arktischen Meereises im Sommer und somit eine nahezu eisfreie Arktis, können vermieden werden. Andere Prozesse, wie der starke Rückgang der Fläche von Gebieten mit Taiga- und Tundravegetation, werden auch bei starken Mitigitationsmaßnahmen voranschreiten. Darüber hinaus spielt Klima-Commitment eine wichtige Rolle für den zeitlichen Verlauf von Klimaänderungen während des 21. Jahrhunderts (zum Beispiel steigt die Temperatur auch unter sinkenden Treibhausgasemissionen weiter an) und über diesen Zeitraum hinaus (zum Beispiel mit einem anhaltenden Meeresspiegelanstieg). This thesis aims at a deeper understanding of committed climate change and the climate response in mitigation scenarios. Focusing on selected key aspects of climate change climate models are employed to study global mean changes as well as regional changes of different subsystems. Therefore, a fully-coupled ocean atmosphere general circulation model is employed simulating climate change under increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations and stabilization of GHG concentrations thereafter. Additionally, an ensemble of ocean- atmosphere general circulation models and Earth system models is analyzed under a mitigation scenario that is consistent with the target of limiting global mean temperature change to 2°C relative to the pre-industrial era. To identify the portion of climate change that can be avoided, simulations of the mitigation scenario are compared to a business-as-usual scenario. This thesis shows that the 2°C target - commonly assumed for example by policy makers to be suitable to prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system - alone will not be sufficient to avoid all adverse impacts of climate change. This applies to the global scale, with the effect of mitigation on the hydrological cycle being weaker than the effect on surface temperature. It also applies to the regional scale in very sensitive regions. While some adverse effects such as excessive melting of Arctic summer sea ice resulting in a nearly ice free Arctic can be avoided, other aspects such as a strong reduction in the extent of Taiga and Tundra may evolve even under strong mitigation efforts. Furthermore, climate commitment plays an important role for the temporal evolution during the 21st century (e.g., temperature increases despite of decreasing GHG emissions) and beyond the scenario period (e.g., sea level rise).

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    Authors: Wąs, Adam; Zawalińska, Katarzyna; Britz, Wolfgang; Wąs, Adam; +2 Authors

    This paper examines the potential impact of the EU Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) decision – for the budget perspective 2014-2020 – known as ‘greening of the CAP’ which aims to improve the environmental performance of agriculture and hence, its sustainability. The reform established environmental measures that European farmers need to introduce in order to receive direct payments under the CAP. Using the wellestablished CAPRI model with its new extension by regional Computable General Equilibrium models, the economic and environmental consequences of the reform on agriculture are estimated. The calculations are carried out for the countries which signed so called Baltic Sea Action Plan (BSAP) – an ambitious programme to restore the good ecological status of the Baltic marine environment by 2021. The results are presented in form of agricultural, economic and environmental effects of the reform against a baseline scenario for 2020 in the analysed countries. They indicate that “greening” causes a decline in the area of the main crops, increase crop prices and slightly intensified production on the remaining areas. Farm income would increase, but due to the low intensity of agriculture in the Baltic countries this increase would be rather limited.

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    https://dx.doi.org/10.22004/ag...
    Other literature type . 2014
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.22004/ag...
      Other literature type . 2014
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  • In order to keep abreast of emerging issues at the National/International and local level, SDPI brings out a Monthly E-Newsletter. It carries reference information to the News items/Comments/Op-Eds appearing in leading National/International dailies.

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    Authors: TONELLI, FLAVIO; Short S.; Taticchi P.;

    The case of ILVA steel works in Taranto, Italy demonstrates the potential impacts associated with failing to adequately consider environmental and social sustainability issues within the business model of the firm. This paper provides a review of the situation at ILVA today; the decisions and actions that contributed to the current situation since privatisation of the firm in 1995; and the choices now facing government, the local community, and the firm’s owners going forward including a review of Best Available Techniques (BATs). The review is supported with relevant sustainability literature and explores how a more comprehensive assessment of sustainability considerations might be better integrated into business model evolution.

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    Conference object . 2013
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