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  • Energy Research
  • 13. Climate action
  • 12. Responsible consumption
  • DE
  • Kuban State Agrarian University

  • Authors: Lothar, M.; Winfried, B.; Winfried, S.; Vladimir, R.; +21 Authors

    Исследование ландшафтов всегда было традиционным научным направлением географии. В России подобная направленность исследований остаётся актуальной, несмотря на то, что термины «геоэкология» и «ландшафтная экология» сегодня более распространены в англоязычном научном сообществе. Наш краткий обзор показывает значительное ускорение антропогенных ландшафтных изменений в Европе, Центральной Азии и азиатской части России за последние пять десятилетий. Ландшафтные исследования в антропоцене должны быть направлены на достижение и сохранение устойчивости ландшафта при его высокой производительности, что включает в себя прекращение деградации ландшафтов, развитие культурных и сохранение природных ландшафтов. Чистая вода и чистый воздух, плодородные и здоровые почвы для производства продуктов питания и других экосистемных услуг, а также биологически разнообразная зеленая среда являются атрибутами ландшафтов, обеспечивающих выживание и благополучие населения. Дисциплинарные и междисциплинарные исследования должны генерировать знания, инновации и правила принятия действенных решений. Генерация знаний в глобализованном мире основана на сборе больших массивов данных и моделировании сценариев. Международные длительные полевые опыты и системы агроэкологического мониторинга будут предоставлять данные для экосистемных моделей и систем поддержки принимаемых решений. Landscape research has been a traditional scientific discipline of geography. This is still the case in Russia, whilst the terms geo-ecology and landscape ecology have become established in the English speaking scientific community. Our short review reveals huge and accelerating anthropogenic landscape transformations in Europe, Central Asia and Asian Russia since the end the 1960s. Landscape research in the Anthropocene has to focus on achieving landscape sustainability at high productivity. This includes halting landscape degradation, developing cultural landscapes, and maintaining semi-natural landscapes. Clean water and air, fertile and healthy soils for food and other ecosystem services and a green and bio-diverse environment are attributes of landscapes for the survival and well-being of humans. Research has to generate knowledge, innovations and decision rules by disciplinary, interdisciplinary and trans-disciplinary work. Knowledge generation in a globalized world is based on big data gathering and scenario modelling. International long-term experiments and agri-environmental monitoring systems will deliver data for ecosystem models and decision support systems.

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  • Authors: Lothar, M.; Victor, S.; Vladimir, R.; Askhad, S.; +32 Authors

    Представлены цели, темы и основные разделы первой монографии «Ландшафтные исследования в Евразии»: “НОВЫЕ МЕТОДЫ И РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ ЛАНДШАФТОВ В ЕВРОПЕ, ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ АЗИИ И СИБИРИ“ (Novel Methods and Results of Landscape Research in Europe, Central Asia and Siberia). Монография представляет систему подходов и данных для улучшения понимания, мониторинга и управления ландшафтами. Основное внимание уделяется техническим инновациям агроэкологического мониторинга, управления земельными и водными ресурсами и их роли в обеспечении устойчивости ландшафта. Авторы представляют новые инструменты для моделирования экосистем и прогнозирования ландшафтных процессов, а также создания знаний, правил и подходов при рассмотрении многофункциональности ландшафтов. Достоверные данные, полученные из сложных ландшафтных экспериментов и инновационных систем мониторинга, должны быть лучше взаимосвязаны со способами обработки данных и моделирования. Монография может служить первым носителем информации, базой данных и средством коммуникации для принятия взвешенных решений по развитию ландшафтов в Евразии. We present aims, topics and focal points of the first monograph about Landscape Research in Eurasia, entitled “НОВЫЕ МЕТОДЫ И РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ ЛАНДШАФТОВ В ЕВРОПЕ, ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ АЗИИ И СИБИРИ“ (Novel Methods and Results of Landscape Research in Europe, Central Asia and Siberia). It contains a multitude of approaches and data for better understanding, monitoring and managing landscapes. Some focus is on technical innovations for agri-environmental monitoring, on land and water management and its implications for landscape sustainability. Authors present novel tools for ecosystem modelling and forecasting of landscape processes, and on creating knowledge, rules and approaches for handling the multifunctionality of landscapes. Reliable data coming from sophisticated landscape experiments and innovative monitoring systems need to be better interlinked with data processing and modelling approaches. The monograph may serve as a first knowledge, data and communication basis for informed decisions regarding the development of landscapes in Eurasia.

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    Authors: Frank Eulenstein; Elmira Saljnikov; Sergey Lukin; Askhad Sheudshen; +9 Authors

    Climate change in Europe will lead to new precipitation patterns over the coming years and the annual temperature will increase significantly. These changes in climate variables and the resulting effects on agricultural productivity must be differentiated regionally. Plant production depends on sufficient rainfall in summer and, in some regions, on the amount of rainfall in winter. In Central Europe, the amount of precipitation in summer will decrease in the coming decades due to climate change, while in some regions, the amount of winter precipitation will increase significantly. Agricultural production is likely to suffer severely as a result of rising summer temperatures and low water retention capacities in the soil. The effects of reduced summer precipitation and increased air temperatures are partially offset by the expected increased CO2 concentration. Therefore, the effects that changed climatic conditions have on crop production are sometimes less drastic in terms of crop yields. The greatest impact of climate change on land use is expected from increasing evapotranspiration and lower amounts of precipitation in the production of leachate. In addition to the expected mean changes, the occurrence of extreme weather conditions is key. Periods of drought in the growing season and heavy flooding as a result of extreme rainfall are to be expected. However, these events are very difficult or even impossible to predict. In addition to the effects that climate change will have on regional crop production, global changes will have a strong impact on world markets for agricultural products. Another consequence of climate change and population growth is a higher demand for agricultural products on world markets. This will lead to dramatic local land use changes and an intensification of agriculture that will transform existing crop production systems. The intensification caused by rising land and lease prices will primarily affect the maximization of the use of fertilizers and pesticides.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Zemljište i biljkaarrow_drop_down
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  • Authors: Lothar, M.; Winfried, B.; Winfried, S.; Vladimir, R.; +21 Authors

    Исследование ландшафтов всегда было традиционным научным направлением географии. В России подобная направленность исследований остаётся актуальной, несмотря на то, что термины «геоэкология» и «ландшафтная экология» сегодня более распространены в англоязычном научном сообществе. Наш краткий обзор показывает значительное ускорение антропогенных ландшафтных изменений в Европе, Центральной Азии и азиатской части России за последние пять десятилетий. Ландшафтные исследования в антропоцене должны быть направлены на достижение и сохранение устойчивости ландшафта при его высокой производительности, что включает в себя прекращение деградации ландшафтов, развитие культурных и сохранение природных ландшафтов. Чистая вода и чистый воздух, плодородные и здоровые почвы для производства продуктов питания и других экосистемных услуг, а также биологически разнообразная зеленая среда являются атрибутами ландшафтов, обеспечивающих выживание и благополучие населения. Дисциплинарные и междисциплинарные исследования должны генерировать знания, инновации и правила принятия действенных решений. Генерация знаний в глобализованном мире основана на сборе больших массивов данных и моделировании сценариев. Международные длительные полевые опыты и системы агроэкологического мониторинга будут предоставлять данные для экосистемных моделей и систем поддержки принимаемых решений. Landscape research has been a traditional scientific discipline of geography. This is still the case in Russia, whilst the terms geo-ecology and landscape ecology have become established in the English speaking scientific community. Our short review reveals huge and accelerating anthropogenic landscape transformations in Europe, Central Asia and Asian Russia since the end the 1960s. Landscape research in the Anthropocene has to focus on achieving landscape sustainability at high productivity. This includes halting landscape degradation, developing cultural landscapes, and maintaining semi-natural landscapes. Clean water and air, fertile and healthy soils for food and other ecosystem services and a green and bio-diverse environment are attributes of landscapes for the survival and well-being of humans. Research has to generate knowledge, innovations and decision rules by disciplinary, interdisciplinary and trans-disciplinary work. Knowledge generation in a globalized world is based on big data gathering and scenario modelling. International long-term experiments and agri-environmental monitoring systems will deliver data for ecosystem models and decision support systems.

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  • Authors: Lothar, M.; Victor, S.; Vladimir, R.; Askhad, S.; +32 Authors

    Представлены цели, темы и основные разделы первой монографии «Ландшафтные исследования в Евразии»: “НОВЫЕ МЕТОДЫ И РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ ЛАНДШАФТОВ В ЕВРОПЕ, ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ АЗИИ И СИБИРИ“ (Novel Methods and Results of Landscape Research in Europe, Central Asia and Siberia). Монография представляет систему подходов и данных для улучшения понимания, мониторинга и управления ландшафтами. Основное внимание уделяется техническим инновациям агроэкологического мониторинга, управления земельными и водными ресурсами и их роли в обеспечении устойчивости ландшафта. Авторы представляют новые инструменты для моделирования экосистем и прогнозирования ландшафтных процессов, а также создания знаний, правил и подходов при рассмотрении многофункциональности ландшафтов. Достоверные данные, полученные из сложных ландшафтных экспериментов и инновационных систем мониторинга, должны быть лучше взаимосвязаны со способами обработки данных и моделирования. Монография может служить первым носителем информации, базой данных и средством коммуникации для принятия взвешенных решений по развитию ландшафтов в Евразии. We present aims, topics and focal points of the first monograph about Landscape Research in Eurasia, entitled “НОВЫЕ МЕТОДЫ И РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ ЛАНДШАФТОВ В ЕВРОПЕ, ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ АЗИИ И СИБИРИ“ (Novel Methods and Results of Landscape Research in Europe, Central Asia and Siberia). It contains a multitude of approaches and data for better understanding, monitoring and managing landscapes. Some focus is on technical innovations for agri-environmental monitoring, on land and water management and its implications for landscape sustainability. Authors present novel tools for ecosystem modelling and forecasting of landscape processes, and on creating knowledge, rules and approaches for handling the multifunctionality of landscapes. Reliable data coming from sophisticated landscape experiments and innovative monitoring systems need to be better interlinked with data processing and modelling approaches. The monograph may serve as a first knowledge, data and communication basis for informed decisions regarding the development of landscapes in Eurasia.

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    Authors: Frank Eulenstein; Elmira Saljnikov; Sergey Lukin; Askhad Sheudshen; +9 Authors

    Climate change in Europe will lead to new precipitation patterns over the coming years and the annual temperature will increase significantly. These changes in climate variables and the resulting effects on agricultural productivity must be differentiated regionally. Plant production depends on sufficient rainfall in summer and, in some regions, on the amount of rainfall in winter. In Central Europe, the amount of precipitation in summer will decrease in the coming decades due to climate change, while in some regions, the amount of winter precipitation will increase significantly. Agricultural production is likely to suffer severely as a result of rising summer temperatures and low water retention capacities in the soil. The effects of reduced summer precipitation and increased air temperatures are partially offset by the expected increased CO2 concentration. Therefore, the effects that changed climatic conditions have on crop production are sometimes less drastic in terms of crop yields. The greatest impact of climate change on land use is expected from increasing evapotranspiration and lower amounts of precipitation in the production of leachate. In addition to the expected mean changes, the occurrence of extreme weather conditions is key. Periods of drought in the growing season and heavy flooding as a result of extreme rainfall are to be expected. However, these events are very difficult or even impossible to predict. In addition to the effects that climate change will have on regional crop production, global changes will have a strong impact on world markets for agricultural products. Another consequence of climate change and population growth is a higher demand for agricultural products on world markets. This will lead to dramatic local land use changes and an intensification of agriculture that will transform existing crop production systems. The intensification caused by rising land and lease prices will primarily affect the maximization of the use of fertilizers and pesticides.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Zemljište i biljkaarrow_drop_down
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