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The world is changing and there are numerous and uncountable changes in different sorts and in different sectors and spaces. We all are within the society and this is an important part of the environment. Societal promotion and development is directly related to the overall development of Economical progress or simply the so called ‘Development’. In another perspective, this Societal and Economical development can lead to Environmental Development in many contexts. There are different weapons, tools, techniques, procedures in the environmental management and monitoring and among these ‘Environmental Informatics’ becomes an important name. As far as Environmental Informatics is concerned it is the applications and utilizations of Informatics principles and technologies in environment and natural resource management in a different way. Environmental Informatics is a broad field. It is an interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary knowledge field but practicing in nature. There are lots of areas in which Environmental Informatics can be applied and these ultimately result in societal development and that led to growth in economy and sustainability. This is a theoretical paper and talks about these aspects in brief.

The report provides a framework that categorises the different European Union (EU) policies, laws and governance actions identified as impacting upon food value chains in the defined areas of: fairer trading practices, food integrity (food safety and authenticity), and sustainability collaborations along food value chains. A four-stage framework is presented and illustrated with examples. The evidence shows that European Union policy activity impacting upon food value chain dynamics is increasing, both in terms of the impacts of policies upon the chains, and, in terms of addressing some of the more contentious outcomes of these dynamics. A number of policy priorities are at play in addressing the outcomes of food value chain dynamics. unevenness of the distribution of profit within food value chains, notably to farmers. Regulation of food safety and aspects of authenticity has been a key focus for two decades to ensure a functioning single market while ensuring consumer health and wellbeing. A food chain length perspective has been attempted, notably through regulations such as the General Food Law, and the rationalisation of the Official Controls on food and feed safety. However, there are still gaps in the effective monitoring and transparency of food safety and of food integrity along value chains, as exemplified by misleading claims and criminal fraud. This has led to renewed policy actions over food fraud, in particular. EU regulations, policies and related governance initiatives provide an important framework for national-level actions for EU member states and for EEA members. The more tightly EU-regulated areas, such as food safety, see fewer extra initiatives, but where there is a more general strategic policy and governance push, such as food waste reduction or food fraud, there is greater independent state-level activity. Likewise, there is much more variation in the application of both national and European (Competition) law to govern unfair trading practices impacting upon food value chains. This report presents the findings of a survey of members from the VALUMICS stakeholder platform, that were policy facing food value chain stakeholders across selected European countries, including both EU and EEA Member States. The survey was conducted to check the significance of the main policies identified in the mapping exercise at EU and national levels and so to incorporate the views of stakeholders in the research. The responses suggest the policy concerns identified in EU and national-level research resonate with food value chain stakeholders in participating nations. The report concludes by exploring in more detail how the themes of fairness and of transparency are being handled in the policy activities presented. Highlighted are the ways that both fairness and transparency can be extended within the existing frameworks of EU policy activity. The findings in this report provide an important context for further and detailed research analysis of the workings and dynamics of European food value chains under the VALUMICS project.

Efficiency First (E1st) is now an established principle of EU energy policy. It has been embedded in various legislative pieces of the Clean Energy for All package in 2018-2019. This report reviews the background of this concept and existing definitions in order to draw a definition that can serve as a basis for the ENEFIRST project and its specific objectives, that is, making E1st operational for the building sector and related energy systems. Similar concepts such as ‘Integrated Resource Planning’ (IRP) and ‘Energy Efficiency as a Resource’ have been developed in the U.S. and sometimes tried in some European countries. The well-documented U.S. experience shows how this type of approach can be implemented in the electricity sector. The European approach of E1st aims at a broader scope encompassing the entire energy system. Another difference is that the time horizon considered in the implementation of IRP, or similar concepts, in the U.S. is often in line with the cycles of utilities’ energy planning, that is, five to ten years, whilst E1st in Europe is thought to be applied in multiple timeframes, from short-term investment planning to medium-term targets (for 2030) and long-term goals (for 2050). The background analysis also highlights the importance of the scope of costs and benefits considered when comparing supply-side and demand-side resources. The general trend is to expand this scope to take into account multiple impacts, along with the experience gained in assessing them. Based on these analyses, the definition of E1st adopted for ENEFIRST is as follows: "Efficiency First gives priority to demand-side resources whenever they are more cost effective from a societal perspective than investments in energy infrastructure in meeting policy objectives. It is a decision principle that is applied systematically at any level to energy-related investment planning and enabled by an ‘equal opportunity’ policy design." This report then discusses the application of the principle in six policy areas (renewable policy, energy efficiency policy, climate policy, power market rules, building policy and energy security) with reference to the main EU legislations in these areas. The analysis does not claim to be comprehensive, but highlights the major decision points where E1st should be applied. It is the new power market design where the E1st principle is made operational most consistently from network planning to network company regulation. It is yet to be seen, however, to what extent it will be reflected in the European and national implementation. The report also analyses the process and the methodological issues when comparing demand-side resources with supply investments and identifies those typical investments — both at the system and at the household level — where its application should be considered. These decision points are illustrated by comparing business-as-usual decision paths with ones that would integrate the E1st principle.

The automobile industry in India has taken a major role in the growth of the Indian economy. In India, we find different modes of transportation either in the form of public transportation or in the form of private transportation. It has come to the conclusion that without the transportation service nothing can be done and if for some reason the transportation service is stopped then the life of Indians is unimaginable as well as the impact of the above problem is going to hit the entire nation. The major challenge in the automotive industry is the fuel that our country needs to import from others. The resource of the fuel is getting emptied day by day. Now it has come to a situation where we have to go for such an automobile industry which uses the alternative fuelling system. Today a lot of research work is going on electric vehicles and the Indian system is planning to switch over to the electric vehicles. This paper introduces a new model for charging an electric two wheelers using solar energy. The paper contains the different types of two wheelers and their charging system is studied. After studying the charging system of the two wheelers the common charging system for all those types is proposed. This solar charger is considered as a solar fuelling center where the two-wheeler gets the shelter during the sunny day as well as the battery system can be charged during the parking time.

The energy is omnipresent and it can neither be created nor be destroyed. The energy can be changed from one form to another form. Some forms of the energy is used by the human being for his daily needs. One such form is the electrical energy. Man depends on the traditional methods to generate electricity like Thermal energy, hydro electricity, atomic energy etc. The availability of such form of electrical energy is very much possible in the cities where population is more concentrated. The power supply companies under the control of the government/private sector is responsible for the energy production. The distribution of this electrical energy is done by the department like KPTCL in Karnataka which is under the control of the state government. This department finds it easy to distribute the energy to cities where population is more for a given area. But the people living in the rural places are finding it difficult to get the benefit of such facility because the department is either not showing interest in providing the service at rural places or the cost incured in providing such facility is more than the return out of it. This leads to a lot of problems to the people living in the villages in getting the service from such companies. An alternative arrangement for such people is the use of clean and green energy by using the freely available solar energy. In this paper a small village called Mala is taken as a sample village. This paper gives the geographical structure of Mala, the various waste products that can be reused to maintain clean environment. This paper also gives a cost difference in using traditional energy system and renewable energy system and time required to recover the investment done for installing renewable energy sources. {"references": ["1.\tMinsoo Lee, Donghyun Park, Harry D. Saunders, (2014) \"Asia's Energy Challenge Key Issues and Policy options\" Published by Routledge. 2.\tSridhar Acharya P and Aithal P S, (2015) \"Innovations in Effective Management of Energy using Green Technology\" International Journal of Conceptions on Management and Social Sciences. 3.\tDavid George Wood \"Catalytic Combustion as a Pollution Free Energy Consuming Source of Thermal Energy\" Published by National Energy Research, Development and Demonstration Program (Australia). 4.\tSudeshna Ghosh Banerjee, Douglas Barnes, Bipul Singh, Kristy Mayer, Hussain Samad (2014) \"Power for All Electricity access Challenge in India\", Published by World Bank Publications, 5.\tMin, B., Cheng, S. and Logan B. E. \"Electricity generation using membrane and salt bridge microbial fuel cells\" Water Research, 39 (9), ELSEVIER 6.\tAithal, P. S. and Sridhar Acharya, P. (2015). Techniques For Electric Energy Auditing In Education System. International Journal of Management, IT and Engineering (IJMIE). 7.\thttps://villageinfo.in/karnataka/udupi/karkal/mala.html as on 15/11/2016 8.\thttp://wikiedit.org/India/Mala/223486/ as on 20/11/2016 9.\thttp://sopraygroup.manufacturer.globalsources.com/si/6008828274640/pdtl/Solarpump/1134342915/DC-solar-waterpump.htm?keywords=_inurl%3A%2Fsi%2F%23inurl%3A%2Fpdtl%2F&matchtype =b&device=c&WT.mc_id=1001035&WT.srch=1 as on 22/11/2016"]}

Teachers has a fundamental spot in improvement of training on the planet. Today situation in instruction area in agricultural nation like India where standard positions become old radically, individuals actually coming in this area as a result of their advantage in this area. A large portion of the new workforce chipping away at address premise or agreement premise and their positions are not gotten or might be gotten for a long time or scarcely any years relies on the agreement time frame. In the radiance of this foundation, the reason for this investigation is to survey and consider the association between uneasiness feeling with professional stability of agreement personnel working in designing universities of Punjab, India with the assistance of stress model to evaluate the fate of educating in emerging country. The examination has been led on employees working in private and government designing schools of rustic area of Gurdaspur locale of Punjab.