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The paper represents the analysis, which has helped to establish the usage of gas hydrate technologies in the methane conversion. This gas could be obtained in different ways. Possibilities and sources for the gas obtaining have been demonstrated. Use of other environmentally friendly sources to support operation in such systems in terms of joint energy complex has been considered. The necessary kinetic connections to provide operational sustainability of all the constituents have been given. The approach helps evaluate quantitatively the priority of its physicochemical transformations to obtain gas hydrates artificially. It is possible to transport methane at considerable distances when it is solidified. Actually, in this case there is no necessity to build costly compressor stations and pipelines for its transportation to consumers. The approach is extremely important for mining regions as it helps prolong the operating period and working out of the abandoned and off-balance coal reserves. In this case, it is proposed to apply special gasification technologies tending to maximum methane recovery. The proposed solutions give the possibility to define the trends of our further research. They will be highlighted in the following authors’ studies.

The State of Uttarakhand in India has been studying the Jamrani Multipurpose Project in the last 40 years. The government’s feasibility study has been completed and all statutory clearances were obtained. It comprises the construction of a 150-meter-high roller compacted concrete dam across the Gola River, a 14-megawatt toe powerhouse, the expansion and modernization of irrigation canal systems and a drinking water component. The project benefits will include 117 million liters per day drinking water for Haldwani Town, increased water availability for 150,000 ha cultivable command area and annual energy generation of 63 gigawatt-hour as a byproduct. The project is estimated to cost $365 million and was proposed in 2019 for the Asian Development Bank’s financial assistance. A memorandum of understanding was signed in 2018 between the states of Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh, defining how the cost and benefits will be shared. The paper will discuss the ADB project appraisal process and describe the steps being taken to confirm and enhance the project economic feasibility, improve the mitigation of environmental and social impacts and review and confirm the technical studies.

Software for numerical simulation of various types of energy used in buildings, i.e. building energy simulation (BES), have become an essential tool for recent research pertaining to building physics. TRNSYS is a well-known BES used in both academia and the construction industry for a wide range of simulations, such as the design and performance evaluation of buildings and related facilities for heating, cooling, and ventilation. TRNSYS has a modular structure comprising various components, and each component is interconnected and compiled through a common interface using a FORTRAN compiler. Its modular structure enables interactions with various external numerical simulation tools, such as MATLAB, Python, and ESP-r. For ordinary simulations of building energy load using TRNSYS, the generic module Type 56 is usually recommended, which provides detailed physics modelling of building thermal behaviours based on unsteady energy conservation equations and Fourier’s law for each building material. However, Type 56 explicitly depends on the transfer function method to discretise the original differential equations; therefore, it cannot model nonlinear phenomena, such as latent heat and moisture transfer between a building surface and ambient air. In other words, the current TRNSYS cannot be used to estimate the effectiveness of evaporation during cooling, which is a typical passive design method. Hence, the authors developed a MATLAB/TRNSYS integration scheme, in which TRNSYS was modified to model simultaneous heat and moisture transfer from the wet roof surface of a building. This scheme enabled TRNSYS to calculate the rate of evaporative heat and moisture transfer dynamically from the roof surface, assuming a control volume approximation of the roof surface. Finally, the effect of evaporative cooling on the thermal performance of an Indian building was estimated using the modified model.

Randayan Island and The Surrounding Water Small Island Park (TPK Pulau Randayan dan Perairan Sekitarnya) is one of the Coastal and Small Islands Protected Areas (MPA) in West Kalimantan which has the potential to be developed into a marine tourism destination, especially sustainable diving tourism. The area has resources with a high level of diversity such as coral reefs, coral fish, seagrass, and other potential aquatic biota. This study aims to identify potentials, conduct resource suitability analysis, calculate the carrying capacity of the area, the carrying capacity of utilization, and make a map of area utilization suitability for the development of sustainable diving tourism. This research uses quantitative methods with tourism suitability analysis based on Yulius, et al (2018) and carrying capacity analysis based on Yulianda (2019). The data source is secondary data obtained from previous research and from publications published by several related agencies. The results showed that the Tourism Suitability Index for diving tourism in the limited use zone of Randayan Island Small Island Park consisted of Station 1 (Pulau Kabung), Station 2 (Pulau Lemukutan), Station 3 (Pulau Penata Besar), and Station 4 (Pulau Randayan) are included in the Conditional Suitable category, with scores of 65%, 56%, 72%, 65%, respectively. The Area Carrying Capacity at each station are 596, 1,354, 1,028, 157 people per day, with the Utilization Carrying Capacity of 59, 135, 102, and 15 people per day.

The Accumulation of warm and moisture in building walls plays an vital role in its upkeep and power conservation. Aerated Concrete block, an environmental material gives an anticipated result to building construction. Aerated Concrete can build light weight, eco-friendly, non-structural wall, reduced dead weight concrete blocks. Aerated Concrete is developed introducing aluminium powder which reacts with the calcium hydroxide on hydration of cement. Several curing test methods are done to find out the optimum dosage of aluminium content. The Aerated concrete blocks are pre-casted by mixing Portland cement, fly ash, GGBS, quarry dust, lime stone powder, water and aluminium powder.

From the point of view to reduce energy consumption, door open while air conditioner running on buildings have a problem. To solve the problem, many facilities for entrance with vestibule, revolving door, and air curtain are utilized. Among the facilities, the air curtain cuts off the indoor and outdoor air by discharging the wide air surrounding the opening, thereby preventing the heat loss from the indoor. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the heat blocking efficiency of non-recirculating air curtain and to evaluate its optimal discharge velocity. To achieve this goal, the infiltration rate across the single-side opening were investigated with air temperature differences between areas by transient CFD simulation and the results were compared with the steady-state calculation method. In addition, to evaluate the heat blocking efficiency of non-recirculating air curtain, the calculation model was set up and several cases with discharge velocity were compared. The results show that the discharged air from the air curtain causes a deflection from the high temperature area to the low temperature area, and the deflection decreases with increasing the discharge air velocity. In this study, the safety factor for deflection modulus of the non-recirculating air curtain was calculated 2.75.

Phase change material (PCM) based Thermal Energy Storage (TES) system is a proven technology to store/release a large amount of energy as latent heat during the phase transition process. In spite of the advantages, a major weakness with PCMs is their low thermal conductivity in both solid and liquid phases which seriously affects the heat transfer rate. Over the past two decades various efforts have taken place to enhance the heat transfer rate during the melting/solidification process of phase change material (PCM) encapsulated in various shape of containers. However, very few attempts have been made on accounting the heat transfer augmentation in internally finned spherical capsule. In the present study, CFD analysis is carried out to explore and report the effect of fin orientation on heat transfer enhancement of a paraffin PCM filled in an internally finned spherical capsule. Keeping the same surface area of fin but oriented differently (orthogonal and circumferential) in spherical capsule is undertaken for the computational analysis. In addition, spherical capsule with no fin configuration is alsoconsidered in the present analysis to compare with finned configuration results. The CFD results showed that the orthogonally finned spherical capsule resulted in appreciable reduction in total time takenfor complete melting/solidification process than the circumferential fin and no fin configuration. Thesame computational study is performed experimentally in order to validate the CFD results.

Energy communities are associations of producers and consumers of energy set up to reduce the dependence on fossil fuels and optimise the use of energy for the advantage of the members. This paper presents an experiment being implemented in the territory around the town of Pinerolo in western Piedmont. Encouraging results are reported.