• Energy Research
• 7. Clean energy close
• 1. No poverty close
• 8. Economic growth close
• IN close
• English close

The cloud computing industry has set new goals for better service delivery and deployment, so anyone can access services such as computation, application, and storage anytime. Cloud computing promises new possibilities for approaching sustainable solutions to deploy and advance their services in this distributed environment. This work explores energy-efficient approaches and how cloud-based architecture can reduce energy consumption levels amongst enterprises leveraging cloud computing services. Adopting cloud-based networking, database, and server machines provide a comprehensive means of achieving the potential gains in energy efficiency that cloud computing offers. In energy-efficient cloud computing, virtualization is one aspect that can integrate several technologies to achieve consolidation and better resource utilization. Moreover, the Green Cloud Architecture for cloud data centers is discussed in terms of cost, performance, and energy consumption, and appropriate solutions for various application areas are provided.

Electric Vehicles have several potential advantages over traditional internal combustion engine vehicles. They promise zero emission and efficiency. State of charge of a battery is considered as one of the important parameters of Lead acid battery. Study has been done and identified that temperature is a main factor that affects the state of charge of the battery and some measures are to be taken to improve its performance. Unscented kalman filter plays a vital role in estimating the real state of charge of a lead acid battery. Testing of lead acid battery has been done in real-time. Unscented kalman filter code is implemented in MATLAB environment and the state of charge has been estimated for the degrading battery.

The Danish energy system is undergoing a transition from a system based on storable fossil fuels to a system based on fluctuating renewable energy sources. At the same time, more of and more of the energy system is becoming electrified; transportation, heating and fuel usage in industry and elsewhere. This article investigates the development of the Danish energy system in a medium year 2030 situation as well as in a long-term year 2050 situation. The analyses are based on scenario development by the Danish Climate Commission. In the short term, it is investigated what the effects will be of having flexible or inflexible electric vehicles and individual heat pumps, and in the long term it is investigated what the effects of changes in the load profiles due to changing weights of demand sectors are. The analyses are based on energy systems simulations using EnergyPLAN and demand forecasting using the Helena model. The results show that even with a limited short-term electric car fleet, these will have a significant effect on the energy system; the energy system’s ability to integrated wind power and the demand for condensing power generation capacity in the system. Charging patterns and flexibility have significant effects on this. Likewise, individual heat pumps may affect the system operation if they are equipped with heat storages. The analyses also show that the long-term changes in electricity demand curve profiles have little impact on the energy system performance. The flexibility given by heat pumps and electric vehicles in the long-term future overshadows any effects of changes in hourly demand curve profiles. International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management, Vol 7 (2015)

Anaerobic fermentation inside the digestor is the continuous process which results in the formation of useful biogas fuel. All feedstocks are not easily decomposable thereby necessitating the design of an “optional in-line pre-digestor assembly”. Initially a 2 m3 modified fixed dome ‘Deenbandhu’ type biogas plant was commissioned with cattle dung, bypassing the pre-digestor assembly. In a phased manner, cattle dung was substituted with poultry litter as feedstock. Gradually increasing the substitution @ of 10% per fortnight, complete substitution of cattle dung could be attained in 18 week time. Poultry droppings assorted with paddy husk from deep litter system of poultry housings were used as feedstock. As paddy husk were indecomposable inside the digestor, an in-line pre-digestor assembly was used to remove the unwanted paddy husk by water dissolution technique. Enzymatic hydrolysis initiated in the pre-digestion tank in the 24 hours residence time improved the digestibility of the feedstock for generating biogas. The process of cattle dung substitution with poultry litter was complete in 18 weeks duration. Daily gas production was recorded with the help of wet type gas flow meter. The gas produced was continuously used for domestic cooking. The total solid (TS) content of the poultry litter based feedstock slurry was maintained at around the same TS (9 - 10%) as that of cattle dung (dung to water at 1:1 ratio) slurry. With 100% use of poultry droppings at 10.3 % TS, average gas production level was 208.5 lit per kg of TS.

The main objective of the current work is to study the drying behaviour of herbs and to determine the techno-economic analysis of a developed solar dryer. For this purpose, the herbs like amaranthus, mint, and moringa are selected for this study. The initial moisture of amaranthus (88% w.b), mint (90% w.b), and moringa leaves (80% w.b) was reduced to a final desired moisture content of 7.3, 9, and 4% (w.b), respectively. 15 kg products were loaded in the dryer during experimentation drying is faster in forced convection mode compared to natural convection and open sun. A detailed economic analysis was conducted through three techniques. As stated in annualized cost technique, the cost of drying in an electric dryer is far higher than the solar dryer. The life cycle savings method for the solar dryer with 20 years life span was obtained around 17.98 to 35.89 INR (Lakhs), and the payback period is assessed as 1.6, 1.9, and 0.9 years, which indicates the respective products are broadly lower than the estimated lifetime of the solar drying system. Hence, it was proven that capital investment made on the solar dryer can be recovered even in the initial years of the operation, which shows its financial viability. Solar irradiance for the 4 days was collected using the pyranometer and some parameters like ambient temperature, chamber temperature, absorper plate temperature, etc., were collected using the PT 100 sensor which is connected to the digital data logger.

Chapter 1 : Principles of Renewable Energy & Solar Energy 01 - 50 Chapter 2 : Wind Energy 01– 29 Chapter 3 : Ocean Thermal Energy 01 - 27 Chapter 4 : Storage of Energy 01 - 52 Chapter 5 : Geothermal Energy Sources 01 - 25

The performance of a system consisting of a three-phase self-excited inductiongenerator (SEIG) with static compensator (STATCOM) for feeding static resistive-inductive(R-L) and dynamic induction motor (IM) loads was investigated. The cost-effectiveSTATCOM providing stable operation was designed by connecting additional shuntcapacitance with the load. The STATCOM-controlled algorithm was realised by controllingthe source current using two control loops with proportional-integral (PI) controller: one forcontrolling the SEIG terminal voltage and the other for maintaining the DC bus voltage. TheSEIG-STATCOM performance was studied for two designs of STATCOM, namely costeffectiveSTATCOM and full-rating STATCOM. The cost-effective SEIG-STATCOMsystem with the proposed control scheme exhibited improved performance with respect tostarting time, voltage dip, generator current and total harmonic distortion under varioustransient conditions.

Dept. of Applied Sciences, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia 721657, India Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia 721657, India Dept. of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 1628601, Japan. * Corresponding Email: (MKG) kantimrinal88@gmail.com; (GR) grm.chem@gmail.com This article deals with the different types of the hydrogen storage process, its thermochemistry, adsorption process, and binding energy, in the light of the computational approach using the conceptual density functional theory (CDFT). This article expresses the view that lithium iodide (LiI) is a viable template for hydrogen storage at low temperatures. The density functional theory (DFT) has been used to investigate the structure and chemical reactivity of the resulting templates. The adsorption process is found to be quasi-sorption in nature. The molecular hydrogen interacts with building blocks (with Li centre) through electrovalent interaction and a single LiI molecule is capable of absorbing 10 H2 with a high gravimetric wt% value (13.07 wt%) which is found to be a promising system as per standard. The changes in Gibbs free energy indicate that hydrogen adsorption can occur spontaneously at cryogenic temperatures.