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Because of high level of swamping in West Siberia and a sparse network of hydrometeorological stations, monitoring of hydrological regime is hindered. In such a situation, it is necessary to involve model reanalysis and satellite altimetry data that ensure the regular coverage of the whole West Siberian Plain, making it possible to supplement field studies and to considerably expand the area of research. This determines the relevance of the thesis. Chapter 1 describes the physic and geographic factors that determined the evolution of the West Siberian Plain; chapter 2 is devoted to methods used in the study; the analysis of trends of air temperature and precipitation is presented in the 3rd chapter as well as the estimation of temporal variability of moisture regime of watersheds from satellite altimetry. The originality of the thesis is to apply satellite altimetry data for estimation of spatiotemporal variability of flooded zones based on the analysis of a reflected signal. ; Le caractère fortement marécageux du territoire de la Sibérie Occidentale et la rareté des stations d'observations hydrométéorologiques compliquent le suivi du régime hydrologique des bassins versants. Dans une telle situation, la prise en compte des données de ré-analyse météorologique et d'altimétrie satellitaires, assurant une couverture régulière de l'ensemble du territoire étudié, permet de compléter les observations in situ et d'élargir considérablement la portée des recherches, ce qui détermine la pertinence de ce travail. Le premier chapitre décrit les principaux facteurs physiques et géographiques qui ont déterminé le développement de la zone d'étude ; le deuxième chapitre est consacré aux méthodes d'étude; le troisième chapitre présente les résultats d'analyse de la variabilité des caractéristiques climatiques et hydrologiques dans les bassins fluviaux. L'originalité de cette thèse est d'appliquer une nouvelle approche de la quantité d'eau de la zone étudiée.

International audience ; Most modern approaches to clinical diagnosis of human cancers allow the detection of tumors at a certain stage of development. The standard principles of malignant tumor detection are limited by the set of classical methods: biochemical and immunological detection of tumor markers, morphological and immunohistochemical examination of tissue biopsies, and instrumental methods. Recent development of ultrasensitive multiplexed systems for detection of antibodies against tumor antigens has been proved to be effective for early and timely diagnosis of the disease. The successful development of production technologies and application of suspension multiplexed systems based on fluorescent nanocrystals (quantum dots, QDs) holds considerable promise for solving the urgent problem of early cancer diagnostics. Compared to conventional organic fluorophores, QDs have distinctive advantages, including a high brightness, a narrow and symmetrical fluorescence spectrum, the possibility to use a single light source for excitation of QDs of different colors, a high photostability, and the possibility of two-photon excitation. Due to their unique spectral properties, QDs can be used as efficient donors in FRET to an available acceptor. This makes it possible to significantly improve the specificity and sensitivity of the diagnostic system. In addition, the prospects of using QD-based suspension systems in clinical proteomics have been recently demonstrated. This review summarizes recent advances in the development and applications of detection systems based on fluorescent nanocrystals and the prospects of the application of these systems to early multiplexed diagnostics of cancer in the near future. ; Современные подходы к клинической диагностике раковых заболеваний человека в большинстве случаев позволяют детектировать патологию уже на определенной стадии ее развития. Стандартные принципы детекции злокачественных новообразований ограничены набором классических методов: биохимическое и иммунологическое ...

Because of high level of swamping in West Siberia and a sparse network of hydrometeorological stations, monitoring of hydrological regime is hindered. In such a situation, it is necessary to involve model reanalysis and satellite altimetry data that ensure the regular coverage of the whole West Siberian Plain, making it possible to supplement field studies and to considerably expand the area of research. This determines the relevance of the thesis. Chapter 1 describes the physic and geographic factors that determined the evolution of the West Siberian Plain; chapter 2 is devoted to methods used in the study; the analysis of trends of air temperature and precipitation is presented in the 3rd chapter as well as the estimation of temporal variability of moisture regime of watersheds from satellite altimetry. The originality of the thesis is to apply satellite altimetry data for estimation of spatiotemporal variability of flooded zones based on the analysis of a reflected signal. Le caractère fortement marécageux du territoire de la Sibérie Occidentale et la rareté des stations d'observations hydrométéorologiques compliquent le suivi du régime hydrologique des bassins versants. Dans une telle situation, la prise en compte des données de ré-analyse météorologique et d'altimétrie satellitaires, assurant une couverture régulière de l'ensemble du territoire étudié, permet de compléter les observations in situ et d'élargir considérablement la portée des recherches, ce qui détermine la pertinence de ce travail. Le premier chapitre décrit les principaux facteurs physiques et géographiques qui ont déterminé le développement de la zone d'étude ; le deuxième chapitre est consacré aux méthodes d'étude; le troisième chapitre présente les résultats d'analyse de la variabilité des caractéristiques climatiques et hydrologiques dans les bassins fluviaux. L'originalité de cette thèse est d'appliquer une nouvelle approche de la quantité d'eau de la zone étudiée.

Project report prepared under the European Union Programme on Sustainable Management of Water Resources in Rural Areas in Uzbekistan. Component 1: National policy framework for water governance and Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM). In Russian

National audience в статье рассмотрены вопросы изучения топонимов холодовой семантики Оймяконского района Якутии, на территории которого расположен Полюс холода северного полушария. Исследование позволило ввести в научный оборот новые сведения о традиционных знаниях местных жителей, связанных с холодовыми топонимами, которые можно использовать в качестве индикаторов суровых природно-климатических условий Оймяконья.

International audience ; Although porous silicon (pSi) has been obtained for the first time in the middle of the XX century, significant interest in it arose much more recently owing to the discovery of its photoluminescence at room temperature in 1990. Most works in the 1990s were focused on the study and explanation of its photo- and electroluminescent properties and on the search for possible applications of these phenomena. The last achievements in the study of pSi are associated with its biocompatibility and biomedical applications. The possibility of thegeneration of singlet oxygen using pSi owing to radiationless photoexcitation energy transfer opens new prospects for in vivo photodynamic therapy. The discovery of laser desorption/ionization on pSi is a new step in modern mass-spectroscopy approaches. The main photophysical properties of pSi have been reviewed. Numerous photoprocesses inherent in pSi and their applications have been analyzed in terms of energy and charge transfer. Particular attention has been focused on the possible applications of pSi and nanocomposites based on it in photonics, biomedicine, and analytical chemistry

Project report prepared under the European Union Programme on Sustainable Management of Water Resources in Rural Areas of Uzbekistan. Component 1: National policy framework for water governance and Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) and supply part

L’étude de l'électrocatalyse des réactions de réduction de l'oxygène (RRO) et de dégagement de l'oxygène (RDO) est étroitement reliée au développement de matériaux cathodiques et anodiques pour les piles à combustible et les électrolyseurs. L’objectif de cette thèse est de développer et d’étudier des matériaux d’électrodes à base d’oxydes de Mn et de Co, actifs et stables, à la fois pour la RRO et la RDO. Les relations entre les caractéristiques électrochimiques des compositions pérovskite / carbone et les propriétés de leurs composants sont établies et étayées expérimentalement dans la thèse. Il a été constaté que la résistance des matériaux carbonés à la corrosion dans les conditions de la RDO est influencée non seulement par leur ordre cristallin, mais également par leur activité intrinsèque pour la RDO. Il a été démontré que les activités des pérovskites à base de Mn et de Co dépendent linéairement du nombre de cations de Mn et de Co rechargeables, respectivement pour la RRO et la RDO. Il a été découvert qu'une intercalation réversible de l'oxygène dans la structure cristalline des pérovskites à base de Co se produit dans les conditions de la RDO, ainsi qu'à des potentiels plus faibles. ; A study of electrocatalysis of oxygen reduction (ORR) and oxygen evolution (OER) reactions is closely related with a development of cathodic and anodic materials for fuel cells and elec-trolyzers. An objective of this thesis is to develop and investigate Mn, Co-oxide-based elec-trode materials active and stable in both the ORR and OER. Relationships between electro-chemical characteristics of perovskite/carbon compositions and properties of their compo-nents are stated and experimentally substantiated in the thesis. It is found a corrosion re-sistance of carbon materials under OER conditions is influenced not only by their crystalline order, but also by their intrinsic OER activity. It is shown the ORR and OER activity of Mn, Co-based perovskites linearly depends on the number of rechargeable Mn and Co cations, ...

From a legal point of view, the article addresses the legal regulation of the green certification system in Ukraine as a basis for renewable energy enterprises to receive state support for their activities on the market. The author, based on the results of the analysis of normative and legal acts on this issue, makes conclusions about the problems of enforcement of this system in Ukraine and the need to eliminate such problems through legislative activities.