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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2013 FrancePublisher:HAL CCSD Funded by:FCT | D4FCT| D4Authors: Lamaa, Lina;In order to address the growing demand for indoor air treatment, many commercial systems based in the potocatalytic degradation using TiO2 have reached the market. Recently, deactivation of these systems has been observed. Some of the potentially most important deactivation pollutants are volatile methyl siloxanes (VMS), which are becoming more and more abundant indoor and in ambient air. Moreover, the increasing interest in the utilization of biogas to generate renewable energy (production of heat or electricity), has created significant concerns about the presence of VMS in the biogas. During biogas combustion, VMS are oxidized to abrasive microcrystalline silica that causes serious damage to gas engines, thus reducing the economic benefits of using biogas. Hence, it is essential to be able to measure the concentration of such VMS in ambient air and in biogas by a reliable method, as well as to study their impact on the photocatalytic systems. To address these issues, this work has three main parts: The first part is dedicated to the development of a method for measuring volatile methyl siloxanes in biogas and in ambient air. We have chosen sampling gas through sorbent tube followed by thermal desorption or chemical desorption (solvent extraction) and analysed using GC-MS. Since no systematic study on the choice of materials is related in the literature, we compared several types of adsorbents based on the determination of the VMS breakthrough volume (BV), in order to choose an appropriate adsorbent and to obtain accurate quantification of VMS. The second part is devoted to the evaluation of VMS in biogas and in ambient air at different sites. A reliable analytical method has been developed, and results are in agreement with the previous results obtained in the laboratory regarding the choice of adsorbents. Finally, in the third part, for a better understanding of the impact of VMS on photocatalytic systems, D4 was chosen as a VMS model compound as it is one of the most important VMS Afin de satisfaire la demande croissante des systèmes de traitement de l'air, des procédés commerciaux basés sur la photocatalyse par TiO2 ont été commercialisés. Récemment le problème de la désactivation de ces systèmes a attiré l'attention des industriels ainsi que des chercheurs. Les Siloxanes Méthyliques Volatils (SMVs) présents dans l'air auraient été identifiés comme une source majeure contribuant à cette désactivation. Par ailleurs, dans les centres de stockage des déchets, la valorisation du biogaz nécessite de recueillir et de traiter le biogaz issu des déchets organiques en vue de produire de l'énergie renouvelable et inoffensive pour l'environnement. A nouveau, les SMVs ont été identifiés comme un frein principal au développement de cette filière, ces derniers conduisant après oxydation à des dépôts de silice abrasifs dans le moteur. Les difficultés de mesure des SMVs aussi bien dans le biogaz que dans l'air ambiant ainsi que l'évaluation de leur impact sur les systèmes photocatalytiques ou dans les procédés de valorisation du biogaz constituent par conséquent un vrai défi. Afin de répondre à ces problématiques, ce travail comporte trois volets principaux : Le premier volet est dédié à la mise au point d'une méthode de mesure des siloxanes méthyliques volatils dans le biogaz et dans l'air ambiant. Pour ce faire nous avons choisi de mettre en place un système d'échantillonnage des SMVs basé sur leur piégeage et préconcentration sur un support solide suivi d'une désorption thermique ou chimique (extraction par solvant) avant leur analyse par GC-MS. Puisqu'aucune étude systématique sur le choix des supports n'est relatée dans la littérature, nous avons comparé plusieurs types d'adsorbants en déterminant le volume de perçage pour chacun des SMVs afin de choisir le (les) meilleur(s). Le second volet est consacré à l'évaluation des teneurs en SMVs dans le biogaz ainsi que dans l'air ambiant en différents endroits. Une méthode d'analyse des SMVs fiable a été développée qui a permis de confirmer les résultats précédents obtenus au laboratoire en ce qui concerne le choix des adsorbants pouvant piéger quantitativement les SMVs. Enfin, dans le troisième volet, l'impact des SMVs sur les systèmes photocatalytiques en choisissant comme molécule modèle l'octaméthylcyclotétrasiloxane (D4) a été étudié
Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverDoctoral thesis . 2013Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationDoctoral thesis . 2013add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2019Publisher:HAL CCSD Funded by:FCT | LA 2FCT| LA 2Authors: Ben Jdidia, Anoire;Dans l’industrie manufacturière, la consommation d’énergie électrique est considérée comme l'un des problèmes majeurs qui est malheureusement liée systématiquement à l'émission de gaz contenant du dioxyde de carbone et amenant à l’effet de serre. Des études sur l’estimation de l’énergie électrique consommée par les machines outils sont développées par des chercheurs au cours des dernières décennie pour proposer des modèles d’estimation de cette énergie. Ces modèles sont soit empiriques soit théoriques et se limitent à tenir compte du comportement dynamique du système de coupe lors des opérations d’usinage. La contribution fondamentale de cette thèse de doctorat est la caractérisation du comportement non linéaire des efforts de coupe et du système de guidage lors de l’estimation de l’énergie consommée par une machine outil. La modélisation repose sur la détermination de l’effort de coupe et de l’effort des roulements qui sont variables en fonction du temps et qui sont déduites de l’écriture de l’équation de mouvement du système (broche ou machine-outil)discrétisé en éléments finis en utilisant la méthode de Newark couplée avec l’algorithme de Newton Raphson. Ces efforts de coupe et de roulements sont utilisés pour calculer la puissance puis l’énergie consommée par la table d’avance, la broche et par conséquent la machine outil. Afin de valider notre approche, la puissance et l’énergie obtenues à partir du modèle développé sont comparées avec la puissance et l’énergie obtenues avec un dispositif expérimental. Une étude paramétrique est réalisée pour mettre l’accent sur l’impact de la variation des paramètres de coupe sur la valeur de la puissance et de l’énergie consommées. On introduit par la suite des défauts d’usure et de montage au niveau des roulements et nous présentons leurs impacts sur le comportement énergétique de la machine. Une attention particulière a également été consacrée à développer un modèle d’optimisation des mouvement d’une machine outil globale minimisant à la fois l’énergie consommée, le temps de production, le coût et la rugosité de surface en respectant les consignes technologiques. In manufacturing, the electrical energy consumption is considered as one of the major problems which are systematically related to the gas emission containing carbon dioxide and leading to the greenhouse effect. Studies based on the estimation of the machine tools energy consumption become the interest of researchers in recent decades.As a result, different models for energy estimating are developed in order to minimize the quantity of consumed energy. These models are either empirical or theoretical and are limited to taking into account the dynamic behavior of the cutting system during machining operations. The fundamental contribution of this doctoral thesis is the characterization of the nonlinear behavior of cutting and rolling forces during estimating the consumed energy by a machine tool. The developed approach is based on the determination of the variable cutting forces and bearings forces which are function of time. These forces are deduced by solving the equation of motion based on finite element method using Newark's method coupled with Newton Raphson's algorithm. These forces are used to calculate the power then the consumed energy by the axis feed, the spindle and therefore the machine tool. In order to validate our approach, the power and energy obtained from the model developed are compared with the power and energy obtained with an experimental device. A parametric study is carried out to focus on the impact of the variation of the cutting parameters on the value of the consumed power and energy. An interest is given for different types of defect (innerring spalling, outer ring spalling, eccentricity and unbalance) in order to study their impact on the spindle consumed power during approach and cutting phases under different rotating conditions. Particular attention has also been devoted to develop a global model for optimizing machine too lmovements that minimizes the consumed energy, the production time, the cost and the surface roughness with respect of the technological constraints.
Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationDoctoral thesis . 2019add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2009 FrancePublisher:HAL CCSD Funded by:FCT | D4FCT| D4Authors: Ricaurte Ortega, Deyanira;Study of a treatment of siloxane by adsorption process into porous materials: treatment application to biogas Biogases have strong content of methane used in the production of heat or electricity. They contain more or less important quantities of siloxanes, which are forbidden for numerous uses of biogases. The possibility of siloxanes elimination by adsorption process is studied. The study in batch reactors allows us to evaluate the adsorption capacities of different materials as activated carbons cloths and grains, zeolites and silica gel. The influence on the treatment capacities of siloxanes under the presence of CH4, CO2, humidity, and other volatile organic compounds is studied. Good adsorption capacities for some adsorbents were found. For the most disadvantageous conditions of adsorption, a reduction of 20 % on the adsorption capacities has been found. The adsorption capacity remains modest. The influence of the operational conditions of the process is studied in order to improve the treatment capacities and to reduce the quantity of the adsorbent used. The results allowed us to define, validate and design a reduced scale system in the treatment of siloxanes. The process consists of an adsorption into activated carbon cloth, alternating with thermal regeneration by Joule effect. A pilot plant allowed us to accomplish and evaluate the aging of the process. All this work allows us to see the possibilities of industrial applications of the process, even if a trial stage on site in real conditions is still necessary. Étude du traitement des siloxanes par adsorption sur matériaux poreux : application au traitement des biogaz Les biogaz sont des mélanges à forte teneur en méthane utilisés dans la production de chaleur ou d'électricité. Ils contiennent des quantités plus ou moins importantes de siloxanes qui sont interdits pour de nombreuses utilisations du biogaz. La possibilité d'élimination des siloxanes par adsorption est étudiée. Une étude en réacteurs statiques permet d'évaluer les capacités d'adsorption des charbons actifs, de zéolithes et du gel de silice. L'influence sur les capacités de traitement des siloxanes, de la présence de CH4, de CO2, de l'humidité, et d'autres composés organiques volatils dans la matrice gazeuse, est étudiée. Des bonnes capacités d'adsorption de certains adsorbants sont retrouvées. Dans les conditions d'adsorption les plus défavorables on obtient une diminution de 20 % sur les capacités d'adsorption. Les capacités de traitement restent modestes. L'influence des conditions opératoires du procédé est étudiée dans le but d'augmenter les capacités de traitement et réduire la quantité d'adsorbant. Les résultats nous ont permis de définir, valider et dimensionner un système de traitement à échelle réduite. Le procédé envisagé consiste en une adsorption sur tissu de carbone activé, alternant avec des phases de régénération thermique. Une unité pilote a permis de réaliser et d'évaluer le vieillissement du procédé. L'ensemble de ce travail laisse entrevoir des possibilités d'applications industrielles du procédé, même si une phase d'essai sur site en conditions réelles est encore nécessaire.
INRIA a CCSD electro... arrow_drop_down INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverDoctoral thesis . 2009Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverINRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverDoctoral thesis . 2009Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationDoctoral thesis . 2009add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book 2010 FrancePublisher:HAL CCSD Funded by:FCT | D4FCT| D4Authors: Bertrand, François;International audience Ce chapitre traite de l'adaptation au changement climatique (CC), en centrant son propos sur les questions des effets du CC sur les territoires (2) et de l'action locale en réponse à ces effets (3). Auparavant, sont rappelés les changements éthiques et cognitifs associés au CC (en introduction), et les liens entre ce phénomène et la problématique du développement durable (DD) (1). Ce chapitre n'aborde donc guère les questions liées à l'atténuation des causes du CC, un autre chapitre (n° 37) étant consacré aux démarches locales d'atténuation, notamment sous la forme des Plans climats territoriaux. Cependant, aucune cloison étanche ne sépare ces deux types de réponses des sociétés humaines face au défi posé par le CC : atténuer le phénomène et se préparer à ses effets relèvent de la même logique et doivent être appréhendés conjointement, de façon intégrée.
Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverPart of book or chapter of book . 2010Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationPart of book or chapter of book . 2010add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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more_vert Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverPart of book or chapter of book . 2010Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationPart of book or chapter of book . 2010add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2016 FrancePublisher:HAL CCSD Funded by:FCT | UI 3FCT| UI 3Authors: Bridier, Laurent;L'objectif de cette thèse est la gestion et le dimensionnement optimaux d'un Système de Stockage d'Énergie (SSE) couplé à une production d'électricité issue d'Énergies Renouvelables Intermittentes (EnRI). Dans un premier temps, un modèle technico-économique du système SSE-EnRI est développé, associé à trois scénarios types d'injection de puissance au réseau électrique : lissage horaire basé sur la prévision J-1 (S1), puissance garantie (S2) et combiné (S3). Ce modèle est traduit sous la forme d'un programme d'optimisation non linéaire de grande taille. Dans un deuxième temps, les stratégies heuristiques élaborées conduisent à une gestion optimisée - selon les critères de fiabilité, de productivité, d'efficacité et de profitabilité du système - de la production d'énergie avec stockage, appelée “charge adaptative” (CA). Comparée à un modèle linéaire mixte en nombres entiers (MILP), cette gestion optimisée, applicable en conditions opérationnelles, conduit rapidement à des résultats proches de l'optimum. Enfin, la charge adaptative est utilisée dans le dimensionnement optimisé du SSE - pour chacune des trois sources : éolien, houle, solaire (PV). La capacité minimale permettant de respecter le scénario avec un taux de défaillance et des tarifs de revente de l'énergie viables ainsi que les énergies conformes, perdues, manquantes correspondantes sont déterminées. Une analyse de sensibilité est menée montrant l'importance des rendements, de la qualité de prévision ainsi que la forte influence de l'hybridation des sources sur le dimensionnement technico-économique du SSE. This thesis aims at presenting an optimal management and sizing of an Energy Storage System (ESS) paired up with Intermittent Renewable Energy Sources (IReN). Firstly, wedeveloped a technico-economic model of the system which is associated with three typical scenarios of utility grid power supply: hourly smoothing based on a one-day-ahead forecast (S1), guaranteed power supply (S2) and combined scenarios (S3). This model takes the form of a large-scale non-linear optimization program. Secondly, four heuristic strategies are assessed and lead to an optimized management of the power output with storage according to the reliability, productivity, efficiency and profitability criteria. This ESS optimized management is called “Adaptive Storage Operation” (ASO). When compared to a mixed integer linear program (MILP), this optimized operation that is practicable under operational conditions gives rapidly near-optimal results. Finally, we use the ASO in ESS optimal sizing for each renewable energy: wind, wave and solar (PV). We determine the minimal sizing that complies with each scenario, by inferring the failure rate, the viable feed-in tariff of the energy, and the corresponding compliant, lost or missing energies. We also perform sensitivity analysis which highlights the importance of the ESS efficiency and of the forecasting accuracy and the strong influence of the hybridization of renewables on ESS technico-economic sizing.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2009 FrancePublisher:HAL CCSD Funded by:FCT | LA 1FCT| LA 1Authors: Shili-Touzi, Inès;Les systèmes de cultures sous couvert végétal permanent associé à une culture commerciale ont la réputation d'être susceptibles d'assurer certains services écologiques et agronomiques : étouffement des adventices, mais aussi protection du sol, augmentation de la biodiversité, de l'activité biologique et du taux de matière organique des sols, diminution de l'érosion. Si ces systèmes se sont bien développés en climat tropical, ils restent toutefois presque inexistants en climat tempéré. L'objectif de cette étude est d'évaluer, par modélisation et expérimentation, les différentes interactions qui existent entre une culture de blé et une plante de couverture (fétuque rouge (Festuca rubra L.) ou luzerne (Medicago sativa L.)) cultivées simultanément pour les différentes ressources du milieu (lumière, eau et azote) dans les conditions de climat tempéré. La période considérée comprend la période culturale (association) et la période d'interculture (couvert maintenu vivant après la récolte du blé). Les résultats de modélisation et d'expérimentation montrent que l'introduction d'une plante de couverture en association avec un blé et son maintien en vie en période d'interculture peuvent améliorer les performances environnementales du système en favorisant certains processus biotiques comme par exemple la production de biomasse primaire, l'interception de rayonnement (qui agit directement sur le développement des adventices en réduisant la ressource en lumière arrivant au niveau du sol), et la réduction du stock d'azote susceptible d'être lessivé. Ces effets positifs sont observés en partie en période culturale mais surtout en période d'interculture The introduction of a living cover crop during a cash crop growth cycle (relay intercropping) and its maintenance after the cash crop harvest may help to preserve biodiversity, increase soil organic matter content and carbon sequestration and provide other ecosystem services, such as increasing useful biotic interactions within the agroecosystem. We studied the impact of various approaches to managing a cover crop (red-fescue (Festuca rubra L.) or Lucerne (Medicago sativa L.)) intercropped with a winter wheat crop (Triticum aestivum L.) during an annual scale in terms of light, water and nitrogen competition, using both modeling and experimental approaches. Modelling and experimental results showing that the use of a leguminous as a cover crop in a wheat intercropping system can therefore improve environmental performances by favoring certain biotic processes such as the production of primary biomass, the interception of radiation, which might otherwise reach weeds, and nitrate leaching at the end of growth cycle. These positives effects where observed during intercropping period and especially after the harvest of wheat, when the cover crop is maintained alive. Whatever the experiment, soil tillage had a very little effect on these processes
INRIA a CCSD electro... arrow_drop_down INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverDoctoral thesis . 2009Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationDoctoral thesis . 2009add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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more_vert INRIA a CCSD electro... arrow_drop_down INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverDoctoral thesis . 2009Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationDoctoral thesis . 2009add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Conference object 2015 PortugalPublisher:Éditions Universitaires de Lorraine Funded by:FCT | Centre for Research and S...FCT| Centre for Research and Studies in SociologyAuthors: Entradas, M.;An emerging thread in the public participation debate is the need for innovative and more experimental forms of dialogue to address weaknesses of previous structured deliberative methods. This research note discusses an experiment with a distributed approach to dialogue, which used bioenergy as a case study. We discuss the potential of the model to attract a variety of publics and views and to inform policy. This is done with a view to refining future dialogues and increasing the involvement of scientists and other practitioners at the science-policy interface. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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visibility 29visibility views 29 download downloads 190 Powered bymore_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Conference object 2015 FrancePublisher:CCSD Funded by:FCT | D4FCT| D4Dorival, Olivier; Navarro, Pablo; Marguet, Steven; Petiot, Caroline; Bermudez, Michel; Mesnagé, Didier; Ferrero, Jean-François;National audience; Starting from a foam structure wrapped with three layers of woven composite, several structures are obtained by means of continuous (internal composite layers) a/o discrete reinforcements (stitching) and are tested by dynamic crushing loading. The structures have the same external shape and the same number of external layers. During weight drop tower tests, a force sensor and a fast camera are used to get the force-displacement plots and the energy absorbed. Analysis of camera pictures also brings a deep understanding of the damage mechanisms inside the samples.; Partant d'une structure de mousse recouverte de trois couches de composite tissé, plusieurs structures sont obtenues par le biais de renforts continus (couches de composites internes) et/ou discrets (stitching) et sont soumises à des tests d'écrasement dynamique. Les structures possèdent la même forme extérieure, et le même nombre de couches composites externes. Lors des essais menés sur une tour de chute, un capteur d'effort et une caméra rapide sont utilisés pour extraire les courbes effort-déplacement et l'énergie absorbée. L'analyse des images de la caméra apporte également une compréhension des mécanismes d'endommagement subis par les éprouvettes.
HAL-INSA Toulouse arrow_drop_down HAL-INSA ToulouseConference object . 2015Full-Text: https://hal.science/hal-01183163v1/documentData sources: HAL-INSA ToulouseINRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverConference object . 2015Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationConference object . 2015add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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more_vert HAL-INSA Toulouse arrow_drop_down HAL-INSA ToulouseConference object . 2015Full-Text: https://hal.science/hal-01183163v1/documentData sources: HAL-INSA ToulouseINRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverConference object . 2015Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationConference object . 2015add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2015 FrancePublisher:HAL CCSD Funded by:FCT | D4FCT| D4Authors: BOUALLAGA, ANOUAR;La crise énergétique et environnementale ont promu le gouvernement à prendre des mesures vigoureuses pour stimuler la transition énergétique et accélérer la croissance verte. Dans cette politique, les véhicules électriques (VE) constituent à terme une réelle réponse aux problématiques actuelles. Leur insertion dans le système électrique a poussé l’ensemble des acteurs et notamment les gestionnaires de réseaux de distribution à privilégier une modernisation des réseaux électriques. Assimilée à la thématique des Smart Grids, la thèse vise à apporter des éléments de réflexion au concept de la gestion de la demande appliquée aux VE. La première partie de ce travail expose une méthodologie d’évaluation de l’impact technico-économique des VE sur les réseaux de distribution HTA/BTA. Ensuite, pour soulever cette problématique, une prospection des services du pilotage de charge orientés réseaux et marché est menée en deuxième partie. Une démarche d’analyse des pistes de valorisation a permis de dégager les services à forte contribution économique. A ce titre, une méthodologie de conception de stratégies de supervision optimisées est proposée. Son application a permis de tirer des conclusions sur la valorisation financière et environnementale des effacements de charges de VE. Les résultats de simulation sont employés pour une étude de rentabilité technico-économique. Ensuite, le comportement des réseaux de distribution face aux algorithmes de supervision est étudié par une approche de co-simulation. Enfin, les principes Smart Grids sont analysés et validés via des expérimentations réalisées sur un démonstrateur hybride interfaçant un simulateur temps réel avec du matériel physique. Energy and environmental crisis have prompted the government to take strong measures to stimulate energy transition and accelerate green growth. In this context, electric vehicles (EVs) are considered as a real solution to deal with the current problems. Their integration into the electrical system promotes distribution system operators to develop smart solutions in this field. Concerning the Smart Grids concept, the present work aims to provide answers to a wide range of questions for demand side management program using plug-in EVs charging strategies. The first section of this PhD project, presents a methodology to assess technical and economic impacts of EVs charging on Medium and Low voltage distribution networks. Afterwards, analyses about the competitive EVs load management ancillary services are conducted in the third chapter. By comparing potential and opportunities of each ones, three ancillary services for electricity market contribution were selected. In this context, a methodology for designing energy management strategies is proposed. The latter is applied to the selected ancillary services to assess the financial contribution of the developed strategies. Environmental aspects and Wind-to-Vehicle concept are also evaluated. Furthermore, thanks to a co-simulation interface, the interactions between supervision strategies and real distribution networks are analyzed. The last section presents a Hardware-in-the-loop demonstrator using a real time simulator, smart meters and EVs charging stations. Through experiments, communication constraints and Smart Grids principles are evaluated and validated.
Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverDoctoral thesis . 2015Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationDoctoral thesis . 2015add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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more_vert Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverDoctoral thesis . 2015Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationDoctoral thesis . 2015add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2016 FrancePublisher:HAL CCSD Funded by:FCT | LA 4FCT| LA 4Authors: Sandoval torres, Cinda Luz;Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le cadre de conception d’une stratégie de gestion de l’énergie dans un système hybride de génération d'énergie électrique composé d’une pile à combustible (PC) et un module de supercondensateurs (SC). La source hybride fournit une puissance maximale de 1,2 kW et sa conception implique des décisions concernant la sélection de l’architecture du système hybride ainsi que le choix de la topologie et le dimensionnement d’une unité de convertisseurs. La stratégie de gestion vise à satisfaire la demande d’énergie électrique de la charge et favoriser la consommation énergétique efficiente ; sa performance est évaluée en développant un simulateur qui comprend la dynamique des éléments mis en jeu : deux sources et l’unité de convertisseurs. Le générateur hybride est supposé alimenter un profil de consommation correspondant à un véhicule électrique, de ce fait un cycle standard de conduite en ville en échelle est demandé lors des simulations, ce qui permet d’évaluer la performance du générateur hybride et plus spécifiquement de la stratégie de gestion énergétique.Dans une première étape de cette thèse, un simulateur intégral a été construit avec des librairies de Simscape. Le simulateur est constitué des blocs de différents domaines, contenant des modèles fondamentaux des composants du système. Le block de pile à combustible modèle la dynamique d’un système BAHIA® (400 W - 1100 W, 0 A - 70 A nominale) et le block de supercondensateur modèle les cycles charge-décharge d’un module Maxwell de 400 F et 16 V. Un onduleur de tension pont complet avec convertisseur élévateur conditionne l’énergie délivrée par la pile à combustible et un convertisseur bidirectionnel (buck-boost) est connecté au module de supercondensateurs afin de conditionner les cycles de charge-décharge. L’unité des convertisseurs a été dimensionné, puis, un modèle moyen de petits signaux a été formulé afin de décrire la dynamique de ces dispositifs. Les différents composants ont été intégrés dans l’environnement Simulink. Dans une deuxième étape, la stratégie de gestion énergétique a été conçue en considérant les caractéristiques et performances des sources ; le résultat est une stratégie de trois niveaux hiérarchiques, dont l’aspect principal es la définition des lois de commande locales et globale. Dans une troisième étape, le système complet est évalué en termes du niveau d’utilisation des sources, du domaine d’opération de la pile à combustible, et de l’accomplissement des objectifs des commandes locales et global, qui engagent notamment le SOC des supercondensateurs et la régulation de la tension du générateur hybride. Energy generation from fossil fuels combustion is predicted to have severe future impacts in the world’s economy and ecology. Fuel cells and supercapacitors are an alternative power source, environmentally friendly.This dissertation presents a regulation architecture developed to coordinate a hybrid renewable source for typical solicitations of electric vehicles in a scaled operating range of 1 kW. The hybrid system is composed of a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) fuel cell module, a supercapacitors bank and their respective power conditioning units. In order to optimize the overall operation, the proposed strategy is organized into three hierarchical levels, and the power demand for each energy source is determined in real time with a basis on a frequency distribution and a cutoff frequency, defined in accordance with the dynamical capabilities of the sources.Even if numerous researches have been reported on the subject, few studies have taken into account the proper dynamics of each source in order to optimize the global performance of the hybrid power supply.The goal of this work is to implement a complete simulator integrating not only dynamical models of each energy source, but also dynamical models of the power conditioning units. The control strategy consists of nested loops, arranged in three functional levels of hierarchy. The central idea is to find the optimal set point for each energy source, according to their own physical properties. Contrary to the existing control strategies, this strategy dynamically calculates the appropriate power demand for each energy source. Due to the complexity of the system, cascade control loops are proposed, organized into blocks, according to the system functionality and dynamics.A functional simulation is obtained, where the system ensures the adequate supercapacitor state of charge and soft current demands to keep the fuel cell working in its safe operating region. Thus, lower fuel consumption and rapid response to load demands are guaranteed to improve efficiency.Results demonstrate that the control strategy allows the regulation of the DC bus voltage under UDDS and ECE-15 driving cycles as load profiles. The fuel cell works within its maximum efficiency region, without falling in the degradation zone. In addition, the supercapacitor state of charge remains within the recommended range.
Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverDoctoral thesis . 2016Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationDoctoral thesis . 2016add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2013 FrancePublisher:HAL CCSD Funded by:FCT | D4FCT| D4Authors: Lamaa, Lina;In order to address the growing demand for indoor air treatment, many commercial systems based in the potocatalytic degradation using TiO2 have reached the market. Recently, deactivation of these systems has been observed. Some of the potentially most important deactivation pollutants are volatile methyl siloxanes (VMS), which are becoming more and more abundant indoor and in ambient air. Moreover, the increasing interest in the utilization of biogas to generate renewable energy (production of heat or electricity), has created significant concerns about the presence of VMS in the biogas. During biogas combustion, VMS are oxidized to abrasive microcrystalline silica that causes serious damage to gas engines, thus reducing the economic benefits of using biogas. Hence, it is essential to be able to measure the concentration of such VMS in ambient air and in biogas by a reliable method, as well as to study their impact on the photocatalytic systems. To address these issues, this work has three main parts: The first part is dedicated to the development of a method for measuring volatile methyl siloxanes in biogas and in ambient air. We have chosen sampling gas through sorbent tube followed by thermal desorption or chemical desorption (solvent extraction) and analysed using GC-MS. Since no systematic study on the choice of materials is related in the literature, we compared several types of adsorbents based on the determination of the VMS breakthrough volume (BV), in order to choose an appropriate adsorbent and to obtain accurate quantification of VMS. The second part is devoted to the evaluation of VMS in biogas and in ambient air at different sites. A reliable analytical method has been developed, and results are in agreement with the previous results obtained in the laboratory regarding the choice of adsorbents. Finally, in the third part, for a better understanding of the impact of VMS on photocatalytic systems, D4 was chosen as a VMS model compound as it is one of the most important VMS Afin de satisfaire la demande croissante des systèmes de traitement de l'air, des procédés commerciaux basés sur la photocatalyse par TiO2 ont été commercialisés. Récemment le problème de la désactivation de ces systèmes a attiré l'attention des industriels ainsi que des chercheurs. Les Siloxanes Méthyliques Volatils (SMVs) présents dans l'air auraient été identifiés comme une source majeure contribuant à cette désactivation. Par ailleurs, dans les centres de stockage des déchets, la valorisation du biogaz nécessite de recueillir et de traiter le biogaz issu des déchets organiques en vue de produire de l'énergie renouvelable et inoffensive pour l'environnement. A nouveau, les SMVs ont été identifiés comme un frein principal au développement de cette filière, ces derniers conduisant après oxydation à des dépôts de silice abrasifs dans le moteur. Les difficultés de mesure des SMVs aussi bien dans le biogaz que dans l'air ambiant ainsi que l'évaluation de leur impact sur les systèmes photocatalytiques ou dans les procédés de valorisation du biogaz constituent par conséquent un vrai défi. Afin de répondre à ces problématiques, ce travail comporte trois volets principaux : Le premier volet est dédié à la mise au point d'une méthode de mesure des siloxanes méthyliques volatils dans le biogaz et dans l'air ambiant. Pour ce faire nous avons choisi de mettre en place un système d'échantillonnage des SMVs basé sur leur piégeage et préconcentration sur un support solide suivi d'une désorption thermique ou chimique (extraction par solvant) avant leur analyse par GC-MS. Puisqu'aucune étude systématique sur le choix des supports n'est relatée dans la littérature, nous avons comparé plusieurs types d'adsorbants en déterminant le volume de perçage pour chacun des SMVs afin de choisir le (les) meilleur(s). Le second volet est consacré à l'évaluation des teneurs en SMVs dans le biogaz ainsi que dans l'air ambiant en différents endroits. Une méthode d'analyse des SMVs fiable a été développée qui a permis de confirmer les résultats précédents obtenus au laboratoire en ce qui concerne le choix des adsorbants pouvant piéger quantitativement les SMVs. Enfin, dans le troisième volet, l'impact des SMVs sur les systèmes photocatalytiques en choisissant comme molécule modèle l'octaméthylcyclotétrasiloxane (D4) a été étudié
Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverDoctoral thesis . 2013Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationDoctoral thesis . 2013add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2019Publisher:HAL CCSD Funded by:FCT | LA 2FCT| LA 2Authors: Ben Jdidia, Anoire;Dans l’industrie manufacturière, la consommation d’énergie électrique est considérée comme l'un des problèmes majeurs qui est malheureusement liée systématiquement à l'émission de gaz contenant du dioxyde de carbone et amenant à l’effet de serre. Des études sur l’estimation de l’énergie électrique consommée par les machines outils sont développées par des chercheurs au cours des dernières décennie pour proposer des modèles d’estimation de cette énergie. Ces modèles sont soit empiriques soit théoriques et se limitent à tenir compte du comportement dynamique du système de coupe lors des opérations d’usinage. La contribution fondamentale de cette thèse de doctorat est la caractérisation du comportement non linéaire des efforts de coupe et du système de guidage lors de l’estimation de l’énergie consommée par une machine outil. La modélisation repose sur la détermination de l’effort de coupe et de l’effort des roulements qui sont variables en fonction du temps et qui sont déduites de l’écriture de l’équation de mouvement du système (broche ou machine-outil)discrétisé en éléments finis en utilisant la méthode de Newark couplée avec l’algorithme de Newton Raphson. Ces efforts de coupe et de roulements sont utilisés pour calculer la puissance puis l’énergie consommée par la table d’avance, la broche et par conséquent la machine outil. Afin de valider notre approche, la puissance et l’énergie obtenues à partir du modèle développé sont comparées avec la puissance et l’énergie obtenues avec un dispositif expérimental. Une étude paramétrique est réalisée pour mettre l’accent sur l’impact de la variation des paramètres de coupe sur la valeur de la puissance et de l’énergie consommées. On introduit par la suite des défauts d’usure et de montage au niveau des roulements et nous présentons leurs impacts sur le comportement énergétique de la machine. Une attention particulière a également été consacrée à développer un modèle d’optimisation des mouvement d’une machine outil globale minimisant à la fois l’énergie consommée, le temps de production, le coût et la rugosité de surface en respectant les consignes technologiques. In manufacturing, the electrical energy consumption is considered as one of the major problems which are systematically related to the gas emission containing carbon dioxide and leading to the greenhouse effect. Studies based on the estimation of the machine tools energy consumption become the interest of researchers in recent decades.As a result, different models for energy estimating are developed in order to minimize the quantity of consumed energy. These models are either empirical or theoretical and are limited to taking into account the dynamic behavior of the cutting system during machining operations. The fundamental contribution of this doctoral thesis is the characterization of the nonlinear behavior of cutting and rolling forces during estimating the consumed energy by a machine tool. The developed approach is based on the determination of the variable cutting forces and bearings forces which are function of time. These forces are deduced by solving the equation of motion based on finite element method using Newark's method coupled with Newton Raphson's algorithm. These forces are used to calculate the power then the consumed energy by the axis feed, the spindle and therefore the machine tool. In order to validate our approach, the power and energy obtained from the model developed are compared with the power and energy obtained with an experimental device. A parametric study is carried out to focus on the impact of the variation of the cutting parameters on the value of the consumed power and energy. An interest is given for different types of defect (innerring spalling, outer ring spalling, eccentricity and unbalance) in order to study their impact on the spindle consumed power during approach and cutting phases under different rotating conditions. Particular attention has also been devoted to develop a global model for optimizing machine too lmovements that minimizes the consumed energy, the production time, the cost and the surface roughness with respect of the technological constraints.
Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationDoctoral thesis . 2019add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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more_vert Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationDoctoral thesis . 2019add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2009 FrancePublisher:HAL CCSD Funded by:FCT | D4FCT| D4Authors: Ricaurte Ortega, Deyanira;Study of a treatment of siloxane by adsorption process into porous materials: treatment application to biogas Biogases have strong content of methane used in the production of heat or electricity. They contain more or less important quantities of siloxanes, which are forbidden for numerous uses of biogases. The possibility of siloxanes elimination by adsorption process is studied. The study in batch reactors allows us to evaluate the adsorption capacities of different materials as activated carbons cloths and grains, zeolites and silica gel. The influence on the treatment capacities of siloxanes under the presence of CH4, CO2, humidity, and other volatile organic compounds is studied. Good adsorption capacities for some adsorbents were found. For the most disadvantageous conditions of adsorption, a reduction of 20 % on the adsorption capacities has been found. The adsorption capacity remains modest. The influence of the operational conditions of the process is studied in order to improve the treatment capacities and to reduce the quantity of the adsorbent used. The results allowed us to define, validate and design a reduced scale system in the treatment of siloxanes. The process consists of an adsorption into activated carbon cloth, alternating with thermal regeneration by Joule effect. A pilot plant allowed us to accomplish and evaluate the aging of the process. All this work allows us to see the possibilities of industrial applications of the process, even if a trial stage on site in real conditions is still necessary. Étude du traitement des siloxanes par adsorption sur matériaux poreux : application au traitement des biogaz Les biogaz sont des mélanges à forte teneur en méthane utilisés dans la production de chaleur ou d'électricité. Ils contiennent des quantités plus ou moins importantes de siloxanes qui sont interdits pour de nombreuses utilisations du biogaz. La possibilité d'élimination des siloxanes par adsorption est étudiée. Une étude en réacteurs statiques permet d'évaluer les capacités d'adsorption des charbons actifs, de zéolithes et du gel de silice. L'influence sur les capacités de traitement des siloxanes, de la présence de CH4, de CO2, de l'humidité, et d'autres composés organiques volatils dans la matrice gazeuse, est étudiée. Des bonnes capacités d'adsorption de certains adsorbants sont retrouvées. Dans les conditions d'adsorption les plus défavorables on obtient une diminution de 20 % sur les capacités d'adsorption. Les capacités de traitement restent modestes. L'influence des conditions opératoires du procédé est étudiée dans le but d'augmenter les capacités de traitement et réduire la quantité d'adsorbant. Les résultats nous ont permis de définir, valider et dimensionner un système de traitement à échelle réduite. Le procédé envisagé consiste en une adsorption sur tissu de carbone activé, alternant avec des phases de régénération thermique. Une unité pilote a permis de réaliser et d'évaluer le vieillissement du procédé. L'ensemble de ce travail laisse entrevoir des possibilités d'applications industrielles du procédé, même si une phase d'essai sur site en conditions réelles est encore nécessaire.
INRIA a CCSD electro... arrow_drop_down INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverDoctoral thesis . 2009Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverINRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverDoctoral thesis . 2009Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationDoctoral thesis . 2009add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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more_vert INRIA a CCSD electro... arrow_drop_down INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverDoctoral thesis . 2009Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverINRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverDoctoral thesis . 2009Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationDoctoral thesis . 2009add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book 2010 FrancePublisher:HAL CCSD Funded by:FCT | D4FCT| D4Authors: Bertrand, François;International audience Ce chapitre traite de l'adaptation au changement climatique (CC), en centrant son propos sur les questions des effets du CC sur les territoires (2) et de l'action locale en réponse à ces effets (3). Auparavant, sont rappelés les changements éthiques et cognitifs associés au CC (en introduction), et les liens entre ce phénomène et la problématique du développement durable (DD) (1). Ce chapitre n'aborde donc guère les questions liées à l'atténuation des causes du CC, un autre chapitre (n° 37) étant consacré aux démarches locales d'atténuation, notamment sous la forme des Plans climats territoriaux. Cependant, aucune cloison étanche ne sépare ces deux types de réponses des sociétés humaines face au défi posé par le CC : atténuer le phénomène et se préparer à ses effets relèvent de la même logique et doivent être appréhendés conjointement, de façon intégrée.
Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverPart of book or chapter of book . 2010Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationPart of book or chapter of book . 2010add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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more_vert Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverPart of book or chapter of book . 2010Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationPart of book or chapter of book . 2010add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2016 FrancePublisher:HAL CCSD Funded by:FCT | UI 3FCT| UI 3Authors: Bridier, Laurent;L'objectif de cette thèse est la gestion et le dimensionnement optimaux d'un Système de Stockage d'Énergie (SSE) couplé à une production d'électricité issue d'Énergies Renouvelables Intermittentes (EnRI). Dans un premier temps, un modèle technico-économique du système SSE-EnRI est développé, associé à trois scénarios types d'injection de puissance au réseau électrique : lissage horaire basé sur la prévision J-1 (S1), puissance garantie (S2) et combiné (S3). Ce modèle est traduit sous la forme d'un programme d'optimisation non linéaire de grande taille. Dans un deuxième temps, les stratégies heuristiques élaborées conduisent à une gestion optimisée - selon les critères de fiabilité, de productivité, d'efficacité et de profitabilité du système - de la production d'énergie avec stockage, appelée “charge adaptative” (CA). Comparée à un modèle linéaire mixte en nombres entiers (MILP), cette gestion optimisée, applicable en conditions opérationnelles, conduit rapidement à des résultats proches de l'optimum. Enfin, la charge adaptative est utilisée dans le dimensionnement optimisé du SSE - pour chacune des trois sources : éolien, houle, solaire (PV). La capacité minimale permettant de respecter le scénario avec un taux de défaillance et des tarifs de revente de l'énergie viables ainsi que les énergies conformes, perdues, manquantes correspondantes sont déterminées. Une analyse de sensibilité est menée montrant l'importance des rendements, de la qualité de prévision ainsi que la forte influence de l'hybridation des sources sur le dimensionnement technico-économique du SSE. This thesis aims at presenting an optimal management and sizing of an Energy Storage System (ESS) paired up with Intermittent Renewable Energy Sources (IReN). Firstly, wedeveloped a technico-economic model of the system which is associated with three typical scenarios of utility grid power supply: hourly smoothing based on a one-day-ahead forecast (S1), guaranteed power supply (S2) and combined scenarios (S3). This model takes the form of a large-scale non-linear optimization program. Secondly, four heuristic strategies are assessed and lead to an optimized management of the power output with storage according to the reliability, productivity, efficiency and profitability criteria. This ESS optimized management is called “Adaptive Storage Operation” (ASO). When compared to a mixed integer linear program (MILP), this optimized operation that is practicable under operational conditions gives rapidly near-optimal results. Finally, we use the ASO in ESS optimal sizing for each renewable energy: wind, wave and solar (PV). We determine the minimal sizing that complies with each scenario, by inferring the failure rate, the viable feed-in tariff of the energy, and the corresponding compliant, lost or missing energies. We also perform sensitivity analysis which highlights the importance of the ESS efficiency and of the forecasting accuracy and the strong influence of the hybridization of renewables on ESS technico-economic sizing.
Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverDoctoral thesis . 2016Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationDoctoral thesis . 2016add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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more_vert Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverDoctoral thesis . 2016Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationDoctoral thesis . 2016add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2009 FrancePublisher:HAL CCSD Funded by:FCT | LA 1FCT| LA 1Authors: Shili-Touzi, Inès;Les systèmes de cultures sous couvert végétal permanent associé à une culture commerciale ont la réputation d'être susceptibles d'assurer certains services écologiques et agronomiques : étouffement des adventices, mais aussi protection du sol, augmentation de la biodiversité, de l'activité biologique et du taux de matière organique des sols, diminution de l'érosion. Si ces systèmes se sont bien développés en climat tropical, ils restent toutefois presque inexistants en climat tempéré. L'objectif de cette étude est d'évaluer, par modélisation et expérimentation, les différentes interactions qui existent entre une culture de blé et une plante de couverture (fétuque rouge (Festuca rubra L.) ou luzerne (Medicago sativa L.)) cultivées simultanément pour les différentes ressources du milieu (lumière, eau et azote) dans les conditions de climat tempéré. La période considérée comprend la période culturale (association) et la période d'interculture (couvert maintenu vivant après la récolte du blé). Les résultats de modélisation et d'expérimentation montrent que l'introduction d'une plante de couverture en association avec un blé et son maintien en vie en période d'interculture peuvent améliorer les performances environnementales du système en favorisant certains processus biotiques comme par exemple la production de biomasse primaire, l'interception de rayonnement (qui agit directement sur le développement des adventices en réduisant la ressource en lumière arrivant au niveau du sol), et la réduction du stock d'azote susceptible d'être lessivé. Ces effets positifs sont observés en partie en période culturale mais surtout en période d'interculture The introduction of a living cover crop during a cash crop growth cycle (relay intercropping) and its maintenance after the cash crop harvest may help to preserve biodiversity, increase soil organic matter content and carbon sequestration and provide other ecosystem services, such as increasing useful biotic interactions within the agroecosystem. We studied the impact of various approaches to managing a cover crop (red-fescue (Festuca rubra L.) or Lucerne (Medicago sativa L.)) intercropped with a winter wheat crop (Triticum aestivum L.) during an annual scale in terms of light, water and nitrogen competition, using both modeling and experimental approaches. Modelling and experimental results showing that the use of a leguminous as a cover crop in a wheat intercropping system can therefore improve environmental performances by favoring certain biotic processes such as the production of primary biomass, the interception of radiation, which might otherwise reach weeds, and nitrate leaching at the end of growth cycle. These positives effects where observed during intercropping period and especially after the harvest of wheat, when the cover crop is maintained alive. Whatever the experiment, soil tillage had a very little effect on these processes
INRIA a CCSD electro... arrow_drop_down INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverDoctoral thesis . 2009Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationDoctoral thesis . 2009add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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more_vert INRIA a CCSD electro... arrow_drop_down INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverDoctoral thesis . 2009Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationDoctoral thesis . 2009add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Conference object 2015 PortugalPublisher:Éditions Universitaires de Lorraine Funded by:FCT | Centre for Research and S...FCT| Centre for Research and Studies in SociologyAuthors: Entradas, M.;An emerging thread in the public participation debate is the need for innovative and more experimental forms of dialogue to address weaknesses of previous structured deliberative methods. This research note discusses an experiment with a distributed approach to dialogue, which used bioenergy as a case study. We discuss the potential of the model to attract a variety of publics and views and to inform policy. This is done with a view to refining future dialogues and increasing the involvement of scientists and other practitioners at the science-policy interface. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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visibility 29visibility views 29 download downloads 190 Powered bymore_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Conference object 2015 FrancePublisher:CCSD Funded by:FCT | D4FCT| D4Dorival, Olivier; Navarro, Pablo; Marguet, Steven; Petiot, Caroline; Bermudez, Michel; Mesnagé, Didier; Ferrero, Jean-François;National audience; Starting from a foam structure wrapped with three layers of woven composite, several structures are obtained by means of continuous (internal composite layers) a/o discrete reinforcements (stitching) and are tested by dynamic crushing loading. The structures have the same external shape and the same number of external layers. During weight drop tower tests, a force sensor and a fast camera are used to get the force-displacement plots and the energy absorbed. Analysis of camera pictures also brings a deep understanding of the damage mechanisms inside the samples.; Partant d'une structure de mousse recouverte de trois couches de composite tissé, plusieurs structures sont obtenues par le biais de renforts continus (couches de composites internes) et/ou discrets (stitching) et sont soumises à des tests d'écrasement dynamique. Les structures possèdent la même forme extérieure, et le même nombre de couches composites externes. Lors des essais menés sur une tour de chute, un capteur d'effort et une caméra rapide sont utilisés pour extraire les courbes effort-déplacement et l'énergie absorbée. L'analyse des images de la caméra apporte également une compréhension des mécanismes d'endommagement subis par les éprouvettes.
HAL-INSA Toulouse arrow_drop_down HAL-INSA ToulouseConference object . 2015Full-Text: https://hal.science/hal-01183163v1/documentData sources: HAL-INSA ToulouseINRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverConference object . 2015Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationConference object . 2015add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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more_vert HAL-INSA Toulouse arrow_drop_down HAL-INSA ToulouseConference object . 2015Full-Text: https://hal.science/hal-01183163v1/documentData sources: HAL-INSA ToulouseINRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverConference object . 2015Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationConference object . 2015add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2015 FrancePublisher:HAL CCSD Funded by:FCT | D4FCT| D4Authors: BOUALLAGA, ANOUAR;La crise énergétique et environnementale ont promu le gouvernement à prendre des mesures vigoureuses pour stimuler la transition énergétique et accélérer la croissance verte. Dans cette politique, les véhicules électriques (VE) constituent à terme une réelle réponse aux problématiques actuelles. Leur insertion dans le système électrique a poussé l’ensemble des acteurs et notamment les gestionnaires de réseaux de distribution à privilégier une modernisation des réseaux électriques. Assimilée à la thématique des Smart Grids, la thèse vise à apporter des éléments de réflexion au concept de la gestion de la demande appliquée aux VE. La première partie de ce travail expose une méthodologie d’évaluation de l’impact technico-économique des VE sur les réseaux de distribution HTA/BTA. Ensuite, pour soulever cette problématique, une prospection des services du pilotage de charge orientés réseaux et marché est menée en deuxième partie. Une démarche d’analyse des pistes de valorisation a permis de dégager les services à forte contribution économique. A ce titre, une méthodologie de conception de stratégies de supervision optimisées est proposée. Son application a permis de tirer des conclusions sur la valorisation financière et environnementale des effacements de charges de VE. Les résultats de simulation sont employés pour une étude de rentabilité technico-économique. Ensuite, le comportement des réseaux de distribution face aux algorithmes de supervision est étudié par une approche de co-simulation. Enfin, les principes Smart Grids sont analysés et validés via des expérimentations réalisées sur un démonstrateur hybride interfaçant un simulateur temps réel avec du matériel physique. Energy and environmental crisis have prompted the government to take strong measures to stimulate energy transition and accelerate green growth. In this context, electric vehicles (EVs) are considered as a real solution to deal with the current problems. Their integration into the electrical system promotes distribution system operators to develop smart solutions in this field. Concerning the Smart Grids concept, the present work aims to provide answers to a wide range of questions for demand side management program using plug-in EVs charging strategies. The first section of this PhD project, presents a methodology to assess technical and economic impacts of EVs charging on Medium and Low voltage distribution networks. Afterwards, analyses about the competitive EVs load management ancillary services are conducted in the third chapter. By comparing potential and opportunities of each ones, three ancillary services for electricity market contribution were selected. In this context, a methodology for designing energy management strategies is proposed. The latter is applied to the selected ancillary services to assess the financial contribution of the developed strategies. Environmental aspects and Wind-to-Vehicle concept are also evaluated. Furthermore, thanks to a co-simulation interface, the interactions between supervision strategies and real distribution networks are analyzed. The last section presents a Hardware-in-the-loop demonstrator using a real time simulator, smart meters and EVs charging stations. Through experiments, communication constraints and Smart Grids principles are evaluated and validated.
Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverDoctoral thesis . 2015Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationDoctoral thesis . 2015add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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more_vert Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverDoctoral thesis . 2015Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationDoctoral thesis . 2015add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2016 FrancePublisher:HAL CCSD Funded by:FCT | LA 4FCT| LA 4Authors: Sandoval torres, Cinda Luz;Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le cadre de conception d’une stratégie de gestion de l’énergie dans un système hybride de génération d'énergie électrique composé d’une pile à combustible (PC) et un module de supercondensateurs (SC). La source hybride fournit une puissance maximale de 1,2 kW et sa conception implique des décisions concernant la sélection de l’architecture du système hybride ainsi que le choix de la topologie et le dimensionnement d’une unité de convertisseurs. La stratégie de gestion vise à satisfaire la demande d’énergie électrique de la charge et favoriser la consommation énergétique efficiente ; sa performance est évaluée en développant un simulateur qui comprend la dynamique des éléments mis en jeu : deux sources et l’unité de convertisseurs. Le générateur hybride est supposé alimenter un profil de consommation correspondant à un véhicule électrique, de ce fait un cycle standard de conduite en ville en échelle est demandé lors des simulations, ce qui permet d’évaluer la performance du générateur hybride et plus spécifiquement de la stratégie de gestion énergétique.Dans une première étape de cette thèse, un simulateur intégral a été construit avec des librairies de Simscape. Le simulateur est constitué des blocs de différents domaines, contenant des modèles fondamentaux des composants du système. Le block de pile à combustible modèle la dynamique d’un système BAHIA® (400 W - 1100 W, 0 A - 70 A nominale) et le block de supercondensateur modèle les cycles charge-décharge d’un module Maxwell de 400 F et 16 V. Un onduleur de tension pont complet avec convertisseur élévateur conditionne l’énergie délivrée par la pile à combustible et un convertisseur bidirectionnel (buck-boost) est connecté au module de supercondensateurs afin de conditionner les cycles de charge-décharge. L’unité des convertisseurs a été dimensionné, puis, un modèle moyen de petits signaux a été formulé afin de décrire la dynamique de ces dispositifs. Les différents composants ont été intégrés dans l’environnement Simulink. Dans une deuxième étape, la stratégie de gestion énergétique a été conçue en considérant les caractéristiques et performances des sources ; le résultat est une stratégie de trois niveaux hiérarchiques, dont l’aspect principal es la définition des lois de commande locales et globale. Dans une troisième étape, le système complet est évalué en termes du niveau d’utilisation des sources, du domaine d’opération de la pile à combustible, et de l’accomplissement des objectifs des commandes locales et global, qui engagent notamment le SOC des supercondensateurs et la régulation de la tension du générateur hybride. Energy generation from fossil fuels combustion is predicted to have severe future impacts in the world’s economy and ecology. Fuel cells and supercapacitors are an alternative power source, environmentally friendly.This dissertation presents a regulation architecture developed to coordinate a hybrid renewable source for typical solicitations of electric vehicles in a scaled operating range of 1 kW. The hybrid system is composed of a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) fuel cell module, a supercapacitors bank and their respective power conditioning units. In order to optimize the overall operation, the proposed strategy is organized into three hierarchical levels, and the power demand for each energy source is determined in real time with a basis on a frequency distribution and a cutoff frequency, defined in accordance with the dynamical capabilities of the sources.Even if numerous researches have been reported on the subject, few studies have taken into account the proper dynamics of each source in order to optimize the global performance of the hybrid power supply.The goal of this work is to implement a complete simulator integrating not only dynamical models of each energy source, but also dynamical models of the power conditioning units. The control strategy consists of nested loops, arranged in three functional levels of hierarchy. The central idea is to find the optimal set point for each energy source, according to their own physical properties. Contrary to the existing control strategies, this strategy dynamically calculates the appropriate power demand for each energy source. Due to the complexity of the system, cascade control loops are proposed, organized into blocks, according to the system functionality and dynamics.A functional simulation is obtained, where the system ensures the adequate supercapacitor state of charge and soft current demands to keep the fuel cell working in its safe operating region. Thus, lower fuel consumption and rapid response to load demands are guaranteed to improve efficiency.Results demonstrate that the control strategy allows the regulation of the DC bus voltage under UDDS and ECE-15 driving cycles as load profiles. The fuel cell works within its maximum efficiency region, without falling in the degradation zone. In addition, the supercapacitor state of charge remains within the recommended range.
Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverDoctoral thesis . 2016Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationDoctoral thesis . 2016add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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more_vert Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverDoctoral thesis . 2016Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationDoctoral thesis . 2016add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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