- home
- Advanced Search
- Energy Research
- SE
- NO
- Publikationer från KTH
- Energy Research
- SE
- NO
- Publikationer från KTH
description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Bachelor thesis 2016 SwedenPublisher:KTH, Kraft- och värmeteknologi Authors: Abeywardana, Asela Janaka;This study aimed at evaluating and demonstrating the feasibility of using Concentrated Solar Thermal technology combined with biomass energy technology as a hybrid renewable energy system to supply the process heat requirements in small scale industries in Sri Lanka. Particularly, the focus was to apply the concept to the expanding hotel industry, for covering the thermal energy demand of a medium scale hotel. Solar modules utilize the rooftop area of the building to a valuable application. Linear Fresnel type of solar concentrator is selected considering the requirement of the application and the simplicity of fabrication and installation compared to other technologies. Subsequently, a wood-fired boiler is deployed as the steam generator as well as the balancing power source to recover the effects due to the seasonal variations in solar energy. Bioenergy, so far being the largest primary energy supply in the country, has a good potential for further growth in industrial applications like small hotels. When a hotel with about 200-guests capacity and annual average occupancy of 65% is considered, the total annual CO2 saving is accounted as 207 tons compared with an entirely fossil fuel (diesel) fired boiler system. The annual operational cost saving is around $ 40,000 and the simple payback period is within 3-4 years. The proposed hybrid system can generate additional 26 employment opportunities in the proximity of the site location area. This solar-biomass hybrid concept mitigates the weaknesses associated with these renewable technologies when employed separately. The system has been designed in such a way that the total heat demand of hot water and process steam supply is managed by renewable energy alone. It is thus a self-sustainable, non-conventional, renewable energy system. This concept can be stretched to other critical medium temperature applications like for example absorption refrigeration. The system is applicable to many other industries in the country where space requirement is available, solar irradiance is rich and a solid biomass supply is assured.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dedup_wf_002::d6d403b393bf49fccf68ade995be68dd&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen bronze 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dedup_wf_002::d6d403b393bf49fccf68ade995be68dd&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Bachelor thesis 2020 SwedenPublisher:KTH, Kemiteknik Authors: Storfeldt Moqvist, Tim;This study was about performing an LCA on a portable flash unit, C1, made by Profoto. The goal was to get an overview of the environmental impact of the C1 and to investigate hotspots in the production and/or use phase of the C1. The results from the LCA would then be compared by LCAs made on similar products such as the C1, and in this LCA study the comparison was made on two different lamps, LED and CFL lamps. The reason for this is because no other LCA could be found on portable flash units and therefore LED and CFL lamps were chosen instead being the second closest product with the same function as the C1, to create light. The functional unit chosen in this LCA was 1 lumen-hour, which was the same functional unit used by the LED/CFL lamps, and CML 2001 method was used for life cycle impact assessment. In this study only the production and use phase were analyzed and no further investigation were made on the end of life phase of the C1.The whole LCA system has been analyzed and designed by using the GaBi LCA software, and literature studies on both other LCAs and datasheets was used to gather key manufacturing steps of each component of the C1 and rescaled to fit inside the given system boundaries. From the results given, a conclusion can be made that the battery and the reflector, being two components found in the C1, had the highest contribution in environmental impacts, which is mainly due to the fact that these two components had the highest consumption of electricity. The production phase was the phase with the highest impact in all the chosen impact categories, and stood for 88-99% of the total impacts, while the use phase had an overall low contribution.A scenario analysis was also made where the use phase was changed to three different countries, changing the electricity grid mix used during the use phase. This was done to see whether these changes would influence the overall results of the LCA, and to see whether the use phase still had a low impact compared to the production phase. The results achieved showed a very small change in the overall results in all the chosen impact categories for this study, only increasing the results with 1-3%. With this a conclusion was made that changing the use phase would not affect the overall results of this LCA, the fact being that the production phase stood for the higher contribution in all of the impact categories.Looking at the comparison part, the C1 had a lower impact in 3 out of the 5 chosen impact categories, compared to the LED/CFL lamps. Here the C1 had a lower impact in the Global Warming Potential- (GWP 100), Eutrophication Potential-(EP) and Ozone layer Depletion Potential-(ODP) impact category, while having a higher impact in the Human Toxicity Potential- (HTP) and Acidification Potential- (AP) impact categories, concluding that the C1 has an overall lower impact compared to CFL/LED lamps. The reason for the higher impacts in these two categories was mainly because of the usage of the aluminum reflector, which was the reason for the high impact in the HTP impact category.For future studies Profoto could look over the possibility to exchange the reflector, which was made out of aluminum, for another material, since this could reduce both the cost and environmental impact of the C1. The possibility of exchanging the battery would also be a possible future investigation, since it is the battery which decides the life span of the C1. Being able to exchange the battery would improve the life span of the C1. Investigations regarding the end-of-life phase of the C1 would also be recommended, since many of the components are made out of plastic, which could be recycled. Profoto should also continue making LCAs on their other products and compare the results to the C1, since this would give a better comparison to the C1 with products more similar to itself. Detta examensarbete handlade om att utföra en Livscykelanalys på Profoto’s produkt C1. Denna produkt är en portabel blixtenhet som kan kopplas tillsammans med mobiltelefoner och producera professionella bilder, genom att producera blixtljus för att skapa mer levande bilder med telefonen. Målet var att ge Profoto en bättre förståelse kring hur deras produkt påverka miljön utifrån produktionsfasen och användningsfasen, samt hur dom i framtiden kan arbeta för att få ner dessa miljöpåverkningar. Dessa resultat jämfördes också med andra livscykelanalyser som gjorts på liknande produkter, men eftersom ingen analys kunde hittas på portabla blixtenheter, blev jämförelsen med C1:an istället med LED och CFL lampor. Detta eftersom dessa produkter har samma funktion som C1:an, vilket är att producera ljus. Dessutom användes en godtycklig funktionsenhet i analyserna kring LED/CFL lamporna som kunde appliceras på C1:an. I denna livscykelanalys användes programmet GaBi där databaser och processer användes för att återskapa produktionskedjan av diverse komponenter, vilka alla produceras i Kina. Dessutom återskapades användningsfasen, vilket utspelade sig i Sverige. Den metod som använts i denna livscykelanalys var CML 2001 metoden. Denna metod valdes för de analyser som gjordes på LED och CFL lampor använde denna metod. Resultaten visade att de komponenter som tillförde mest till miljöpåverkan var batteriet och reflektorn då dessa krävde mer konsumtion av el än de andra. Det visade sig också att C1:an hade lägre påverkan på tre utav de fem kategorier som valts från CML 2001 metoden. Dessa tre kategorier var Global Warming Potential- (GWP 100), Eutrophication Potential-(EP) and Ozone layer Depletion Potential- (ODP) kategorierna, medan de kategorier där C1:an hade en högre påverkan var Human Toxicity Potential- (HTP) och Acidification Potential.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dedup_wf_002::d45e12af87ff3d30cacac02d9347fca6&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen bronze 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dedup_wf_002::d45e12af87ff3d30cacac02d9347fca6&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Bachelor thesis 2018 SwedenPublisher:KTH, Energiteknik Authors: Dhital, Avinash;About 83% of total energy consumed in Nepal comes directly from the solid fuels. The import of Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) is also growing at an exponential rate. The hospitality subsector (hotels and restaurants), one of the key economic subsectors in the country, consumes most of the energy within the commercial sector primarily for cooking purposes. The bio-waste generated from growing hospitality subsector and other sectors in Kathmandu is poorly managed. Similarly, on the other hand, Nepal has an extensive knowledge and experience of manure based anaerobic household biogas systems mainly in rural areas. Based upon this situation, the thesis investigates the opportunities for anaerobic biogas production for cooking at hotels and restaurants by utilizing their own organic waste. Currently available biogas technologies, important parameters affecting the biogas yield, policy and financial supports and case studies of various stakeholders employing the biogas technologies in the hotels and restaurants in Nepal were considered. The most applicable technology for the purpose was then chosen. The organic waste sampling study from randomly selected 4-star hotel (Yatri Spa and Suites), tourist standard hotel (Hotel Bliss International) and restaurant (Fren’s Kitchen) in Thamel, the tourist zone of Kathmandu was conducted. Similarly, various data especially focusing on the current cooking energy need, demand, supply, cost, organic waste management of the hotels and the restaurant was collected through questionnaires and series of interviews. The average amount of daily organic waste and organic waste fraction for Yatri, Bliss and Fren’s was found to be 61.3 kg and 63.0%, 18.4 kg and 82.7%, and 16.3 kg and 81.8% respectively. Similarly, the variations in weekly organic wastes and waste generated per guest was also determined. Based upon the amount and characteristics of organic waste from the sampling survey, the theoretical biogas potential of the organic waste at digester output rate of 0.27 kWh/kg/day for JUAS digesters, the technology selected for the biogas conversion, was found to be 18.4 kWh/day, 5.5 kWh/day and 4.9 kWh/day equivalent to 4.9%, 3.0% and 5.4 % of the current daily energy need for Yatri, Bliss and Fren’s respectively. Similarly, the economic implications of the small-scale biogas technology if employed in the hotels and the restaurant was scoped out. It was found that the recommended Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) based 3000 l sized JUAS bio-digesters had positive Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and payback time of around 5 years on average for all the eateries under study. The monthly life cycle cost of the integrated LPG-JUAS system is found be cheaper for all eateries as compared to the current LPG system. Levelized Cost of Energy (LCoE) of the JUAS digesters is calculated to be competitive as compared to energy from other renewables in the country. There is, however, need to improve the digester conditions to get higher biogas yields. For the wider adoption of the digesters across urban sectors, the subsidies amount should also be increased together with information dissemination regarding biogas uses and its potential among the stakeholders. Omkring 83% av den totala energiförbrukningen i Nepal kommer direkt från det fasta bränslet. Importen av flytande petroleumgas (LPG) växer också i exponentiell takt. Underhållningsbranschen (hotell och restauranger), en av de viktigaste ekonomiska delområdena i landet, förbrukar mest energi inom kommersiell sektor, främst för matlagning. Det biologiska avfallet som genereras av växande underhållsbranschen och andra sektorer i Katmandu är dåligt förvaltad. På samma sätt har Nepal en omfattande kunskap och erfarenhet av gödselbaserade anaeroba hushållsbiogasystem, huvudsakligen i landsbygdsområden. Baserat på denna situation undersöker man avhandlingen möjligheterna till anaerob biogasproduktion för att laga mat på hotell och restauranger genom att använda eget organiskt avfall. För närvarande finns biogasteknik, viktiga parametrar som påverkar biogasutbytet, politiska och finansiella stöd och fallstudier av olika intressenter som använder biogasteknik i hotell och restauranger i Nepal. Den mest tillämpliga tekniken för ändamålet valdes sedan. Undersökning av organiska avfallsprov från slumpmässigt utvalt 4-stjärnigt hotell (Yatri Spa and Suites), turisthotell (Hotel Bliss International) och restaurang (Fren's Kitchen) i Thamel, utförs turistområdet Katmandu. På samma sätt samlades olika data som speciellt fokuserade på dagens energibehov, efterfrågan, tillgång, kostnad, organisk avfallshantering av hotellen och restaurangen genom enkäter och intervjuer. Den genomsnittliga mängden dagligt organiskt avfall och organiskt avfallsfraktion för Yatri, Bliss och Fren var visat sig 61,3 kg respektive 63,0%, 18,4 kg respektive 82,7% respektive 16,3 kg respektive 81,8%. På samma sätt bestämdes också variationerna i organiskt avfall per vecka och avfall som genererades per gäst. Baserat på mängden och egenskaperna hos organiskt avfall från provtagningsundersökningen befanns den teoretiska biogaspotentialen hos det organiska avfallet vid kokareutgångshastigheten på 0,27 kWh / kg / dag för JUAS-kokare, den teknik som valts för biogasomvandling, befunnits vara 18,4 kWh / dag, 5,5 kWh / dag och 4,9 kWh / dag motsvarande 4,9%, 3,0% och 5,4% av dagens energibehov för Yatri, Bliss och Fren. På samma sätt scenkades de ekonomiska konsekvenserna av den småskaliga biogastekniken om de anställdes i hotell och restaurangen. Det visade sig att de rekommenderade polyvinylkloridbaserade (PVC) -baserade JUAS-bioförstörare av polyvinylklorid med jämna mellanrum hade positivt nettoförsäkringsvärde (NPV), interna avkastningsräntor och återbetalningstid på cirka 5 år i genomsnitt för alla restauranger som studerades. Den månatliga livscykelkostnaden för det integrerade LPG-JUAS-systemet befinner sig vara billigare för alla matställen jämfört med det aktuella LPG-systemet. Nivånad kostnad för energi (LCoE) hos JUAS-kokare beräknas vara konkurrenskraftig jämfört med energi från andra förnybara energikällor i landet. Det är dock nödvändigt att förbättra kokareförhållandena för att få högre biogasutbyten. För det bredare godkännandet av kokare i städerna bör bidragsbeloppet också ökas tillsammans med informationsspridning avseende biogasanvändning och dess potential bland intressenterna.För det bredare godkännandet av kokare i städerna bör bidragsbeloppet också ökas tillsammans med informationsspridning avseende biogasanvändning och dess potential bland intressenterna.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dedup_wf_002::900b1533ee10b46edb6c9c84eff799b7&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen bronze 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dedup_wf_002::900b1533ee10b46edb6c9c84eff799b7&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2010 SwedenPublisher:KTH, Tillämpad termodynamik och kylteknik Authors: Ali, Rashid;Phase change phenomena of a fluid flowing in a micro channel may be exploited to make the heat exchangers more compact and energy efficient. Compact heat exchangers offer several advantages such as light weight, low cost, energy efficiency, capability of removing high heat fluxes and charge reduction are a few to mention. Phase change phenomena in macro or conventional channels have been investigated since long but in case of micro channels, fewer studies of phase change have been conducted and underlying phenomena during two-phase flow in micro channels are not yet fully understood. It is clear from the literature that the two-phase flow models developed for conventional channels do not perform well when extrapolated to micro scale. In the current thesis, the experimental flow boiling results for micro channels are reported. Experiments were conducted in circular, stainless steel and quartz tubes in both horizontal and vertical orientations. The internal diameters of steel tubes tested were 1.70 mm, 1.224 mm and the diameter of quartz tube tested was 0.781 mm. The quartz tube was coated with a thin, electrically conductive, transparent layer of Indium-Tin-Oxide (ITO) making simultaneous heating and visualization possible. Test tubes were heated electrically using DC power supply. Two refrigerants R134a and R245fa were used as working fluids during the tests. Experiments were conducted at a wide variety of operating conditions. Flow visualization results obtained with quartz tube clearly showed the presence of confinement effects and consequently an early transition to annular flow for micro channels. Several flow pattern images were captured during flow boiling of R134a in quartz tube. Flow patterns recorded during the experiments were presented in the form of Reynolds number versus vapour quality and superficial liquid velocity versus superficial gas velocity plots. Experimental flow pattern maps so obtained were also compared with the other flow pattern maps available in the literature showing a poor agreement. Flow boiling heat transfer results for quartz and steel tubes indicate that the heat transfer coefficient increases with heat flux and system pressure but is independent on mass flux and vapour quality. Experimental flow boiling heat transfer coefficient results were compared with those obtained using different correlations from the literature. Heat transfer experiments with steel tubes were continued up to dryout condition and it was observed that dryout conditions always started close to the exit of the tube. The dryout heat flux increased with mass flux and decreased with exit vapour quality. The dryout data were compared with some well known CHF correlations available in the literature. Two-phase frictional pressure drop for the quartz tube was also obtained under different operating conditions. As expected, two-phase frictional pressure drop increased with mass flux and exit vapour quality. QC 20101206
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dedup_wf_002::15a9d024ab0c790be53b6d8fa6ba7bd3&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen bronze 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dedup_wf_002::15a9d024ab0c790be53b6d8fa6ba7bd3&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Bachelor thesis 2024 SwedenPublisher:KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.) Authors: Ragnarsson, Daniel; Twomey Bundgaard, Christian;Denna uppsats undersöker konsumenters betalningsvilja för hållbara hus, med fokus på olika demografiska grupper och de faktorer som påverkar deras beslut. Studien syftar till att hjälpa byggföretag att utvärdera den ekonomiska genomförbarheten av att integrera hållbara metoder i sina projekt. Genom att använda en blandad metod sekventiellt förklarande-forskningsdesign inkluderar forskningen kvantitativa data från enkäter och kvalitativa data från expertintervjuer. Centrala fynd visar att även om hållbarhet inte är den primära drivkraften vid bostadsköp, finns det en betydande betalningsvilja för förbättrad energieffektivitet och minskad miljöpåverkan. Denna vilja varierar mellan olika demografiska grupper, där yngre generationer och kvinnor visar högre benägenhet att investera i hållbarhet. Studien belyser även fenomenet "hypotetisk bias", där den uttryckta betalningsviljan i enkäter överstiger den faktiska viljan i verkliga scenarier. Resultaten tyder på att integrering av hållbara lösningar kan vara ekonomiskt genomförbart för byggföretag, förutsatt att dessa lösningar erbjuder tydliga ekonomiska fördelar för konsumenterna. Framtida forskning bör undersöka långsiktiga trender i konsumentpreferenser och effekten av olika incitament för att främja hållbart byggande. This thesis investigates consumer willingness to pay for sustainable buildings, focusing on different demographic groups and the factors influencing their decisions. The study aims to assist construction companies in evaluating the economic feasibility of incorporating sustainable practices into their projects. Utilizing a sequential explanatory mixed-methods approach, the research includes quantitative data from surveys and qualitative insights from expert interviews. Key findings reveal that while sustainability is not the primary driver in housing purchases, there is a significant willingness to pay for enhanced energy efficiency and reduced environmental impact. This willingness varies across demographics, with younger generations and women showing higher inclinations towards sustainable investments. The study also highlights the phenomenon of "hypothetical bias," where expressed willingness to pay in surveys exceeds actual willingness in real-life scenarios. The results suggest that integrating sustainable solutions can be economically viable for construction companies, provided these solutions offer clear economic benefits to consumers. Future research should explore the long-term trends in consumer preferences and the impact of various incentives on promoting sustainable housing
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od_______260::9c2a8e3c8841602f86c4f2aa31f34461&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od_______260::9c2a8e3c8841602f86c4f2aa31f34461&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Report 2021 SwedenPublisher:KTH, Kraft- och värmeteknologi Authors: Trevisan, Silvia;QC 20220131
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dedup_wf_002::4b1558d8386db7b7a5485c6ff21989d5&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen bronze 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dedup_wf_002::4b1558d8386db7b7a5485c6ff21989d5&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Bachelor thesis 2018 SwedenPublisher:KTH, Energiteknik Authors: Enefalk, Tommy;Global warming imposes great challenges, and anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions have to be reduced by active measures. The transportation sector is one of the key sectors where significant reductions are desired. Within a vehicle, the cooling/thermal management system is a subsystem intended for temperature control of automotive components. Reducing the power consumption for thermal management is one of several possible ways to reduce the environmental impact of the vehicle. This report considers an existing reference cooling system, with three separate circuits at different temperature levels. The purpose is to suggest improvements to the reference system with respect to increasing energy efficiency as well as reducing the number of components. Potential improvements are identified during a literature study, and then evaluated one by one. After the first evaluation, four improvements are selected: Firstly, a liquid-to-liquid heat exchanger in high temperature circuit, with connections to both the medium and low temperature circuits. Secondly, common medium/low temperature radiators, which can be allocated according to cooling demand. Thirdly, pipe connections for coolant transfer between the low and medium temperature circuits. Finally, a liquid-cooled condenser in the active cooling system, cooled by the medium temperature circuit. The result is a system with flexible radiator allocation, more even load distribution, ability to heat components using heat losses from other components, and one radiator less than the reference system. A complete system evaluation is performed in order to find the most beneficial arrangement of the components. Steady state calculations are performed in MATLAB, using five different operational cases as input data. Out of six different alternatives, one is recommended for high load operation and another for low load operation. The difference between the two is the position of the condenser, since a low condensation temperature should be prioritized at part load but not at high load. The main uncertainties of this report are steady state calculations, which are not fully reflecting real driving situations, and approximations due to lack of input data. For further work, verification of these results by transient simulations and practical testing is recommended. Removing one of the high temperature radiators could be investigated, as well as downsizing the medium temperature radiator. Integration with the cabin thermal management system, which is beyond the scope of this report, is also a relevant area for future investigation. By suggesting improvements to an automotive subsystem, this report strives to make a difference on a small-scale level, but also to contribute to an ongoing transition process on the global level. Den globala uppvärmningen medför stora utmaningar, och de antropogena växthusgasutsläppen måste minskas genom aktiva åtgärder. Transportsektorn är en av de viktigaste sektorerna där avsevärda utsläppsminskningar eftersträvas. I ett fordon är kylsystemet ett delsystem avsett att kontrollera temperaturen på komponenter som är viktiga för fordonets funktion. Att sänka kylsystemets effektförbrukning är ett av flera möjliga sätt att minska fordonets miljöpåverkan. Den här rapporten utgår från ett befintligt referenskylsystem, med tre separata kretsar som arbetar vid olika temperaturnivåer. Syftet är att föreslå förbättringar för att öka energieffektiviteten, samt minska antalet komponenter i systemet. Potentiella förbättringar identifieras genom en litteraturstudie, och utvärderas därefter en efter en. Efter denna utvärdering väljs fyra förbättringar ut: För det första, en vätskevärmeväxlare i högtemperaturkretsen, med anslutningar till både mellan- och lågtemperaturkretsen. För det andra, gemensamma mellan- och lågtemperaturkylare, som kan fördelas mellan kretsarna efter behov. För det tredje, röranslutningar för överföring av kylvätska mellan låg- och mellantemperaturkretsen. Slutligen, en vätskekyld kondensor i det aktiva kylsystemet, vilken kyls av mellantemperaturkretsen. Resultatet är ett kylsystem med flexibel tilldelning av kylare, jämnare fördelning av värmeförluster, möjlighet att värma komponenter med förlustvärme från andra komponenter, samt en kylare mindre än referenssystemet. Som sista steg genomförs en helsystemsutvärdering, för att hitta det mest fördelaktiga sättet att placera komponenterna i förhållande till varandra. Stationära beräkningar utförs i MATLAB, med fem olika driftfall som indata. Av sex olika utformningar rekommenderas en för drift med hög belastning, och en annan för drift med lägre belastning. Skillnaden mellan dem är kondensorns placering, på grund av att en låg kondensationstemperatur bör prioriteras vid låg belastning men inte vid hög belastning. Den största osäkerheten i tillvägagångssättet är de stationära beräkningarna, som inte helt motsvarar verkliga körfall, samt approximationer som gjorts vid brist på indata. För framtida arbete rekommenderas verifiering av dessa resultat genom transienta simuleringar och praktiska tester. Att ta bort en av högtemperaturkylarna och/eller minska storleken på mellantemperaturkylaren kan också undersökas. Även integration med kupéns värme- och kylsystem, vilket ligger utanför ramen för denna rapport, är ett relevant område för fortsatta undersökningar. Genom att föreslå förbättringar av ett delsystem i ett fordon strävar denna rapport efter att åstadkomma förbättringar på liten skala, men också att bidra till en pågående omvandling på den globala skalan.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dedup_wf_002::b0e157f0b3bac45082024d1f31bfc169&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen bronze 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dedup_wf_002::b0e157f0b3bac45082024d1f31bfc169&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Bachelor thesis 2015 SwedenPublisher:KTH, Tillämpad termodynamik och kylteknik Authors: Ericsson, Mattias;The influence of control strategies and storage tank sizes on the system performance of a solar thermal assisted ground source heat pump(SAGSHP) installation has been investigated. The system investigated is in the design stage and will be implemented in the project Slottsholmen in Västervik, Sweden during 2015. Using the simulation software TRNSYS the suggested system has been modelled in its entirety and the response of the system for different control strategies and storage tank size configurations have been investigated.The system is designed with a dual tank configuration where solar heat can either be used for direct domestic hot water(DHW) production(in a high grade tank) or utilized as additional source for the heat pumps(in a low grade tank) with the purpose of increasing evaporation temperatures of the heat pumps. Four different control strategies have been investigated. Two strategies where either tank is prioritized, one where the two tanks are run in series and heat can be delivered at two temperature levels simultaneously and one strategy where the low grade storage tank is by-passed and heat is only utilized directly for DHW production. For each control strategy a series of different tank size configurations have been tested. Results show that the influence of control strategies dominate the effect of different storage tank size configurations. Solar fraction for the system varies between 0.10 and 0.13 between control strategies while variations between storage tank sizes are close to negligible. The electricity use of the SAGHSP system has been compared to a reference system where the solar collectors are switched off. The results show that fractional energy savings of the SAGSHP system ranges from 0.066 to 0.099 between control strategies. Interestingly the fractional energy savings increases for cases with lower solar fraction. For control strategies which prioritize DHW production the temperature level in the solar collector loop increased thus leading to lower solar collector efficiency and less collected heat. However, solar heat used directly for DHW production leads to a higher electricity savings than using the heat as source for the heat pumps which explains the decoupling of fractional energy savings from solar fraction. An attempt to quantify the value of the harvested solar collected heat is done by introducing a performance figure named ''Solar Savings Efficiency'' which is the ratio of the electricity savings compared to the reference system to the collected solar heat. The Solar Savings Efficiency ranges from 0.23 to 0.46 with the higher value registered for strategies which prioritize DHW production. Inverkan av strategier för styrning och ackumuleringsvolymer på systemprestandan hos en solkollektorassisterad bergvärmeinstallation har undersökts. Det undersökta systemet är i projekteringsstadiet och kommer att byggas i projektet Slottsholmen i Västervik under 2015. Genom att använda simuleringsmjukvaran TRNSYS har systemet modellerats i sin helhet och systemets respons på olika styrstrategier och konfiguration av ackumulatortankar har undersökts. Systemet är designat med två ackumuleringstankar för solkollektorkretsen där solvärme antingen kan användas för direkt beredning av varmvatten(en varm tank) eller som värmekälla för systemets värmepumpar(en kall tank) med syftet att då höja värmepumparnas förångningstemperatur. Fyra olika styrstrategier har undersökts. Två strategier där antingen den varma eller den kalla tanken är prioriterad, en strategi där båda tankarna är i serie och värme kan lämnas vid båda temperaturnivåer samtidigt samt en fjärde strategi där den kalla tanken alltid förbigås och solvärmen endast används för direkt beredning av varmvatten. För varje styrstrategi har en rad olika konfigurationer på ackumuleringstankarna testats. Resultatet visar att inverkan av styrstrategier dominerar över den effekt som olika ackumuleringsvolymer har. Andelen av systemets värmelast som betjänas av solvärme varierar mellan 0.10 och 0.13 mellan olika styrstrategier medan variation mellan olika ackumuleringsvolymer är nära försumbar. Elanvändningen i systemet har jämförts mot ett referenssystem där solkollektorerna är avstängda. Resultaten visar att besparingen i elektricitet relativt referenssystemet varierar mellan 6.6 % och 9.9 % mellan olika styrstrategier. Intressant är att elbesparingen är högre för fall med lägre andel solvärme. För styrstrategier som prioriterar varmvattenberedning ökar temperaturnivån i solkollektorkretsen vilket leder till lägre verkningsgrad för solkollektorerna och därmed lägre andel solvärme som förs in i systemet. Dock visas att solvärme som används direkt för varmvattenberedning leder till högre elbesparing än solvärme som används som källa för värmepumparna vilket förklarar den lägre elanvändningen vid lägre andel solvärme. Ett försök att kvantifiera värdet av den skördade solvärmen har utförts genom att introducera ett nyckeltal kallat ''Solbesparingsverkningsgrad (Solar Savings Efficiency)''. Nyckeltalet är definierat som kvoten av elbesparingen för en viss strategi/konfiguration jämfört med referenssystemet och total mängd solenergi som skördats. Solbesparingsverkningsgraden varierar mellan 0.23 och 0.46 med det högre värdet för strategier som prioriterar direkt varmvattenberedning.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dedup_wf_002::902580743e83d806eb7f4cf65f5a24f2&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen bronze 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dedup_wf_002::902580743e83d806eb7f4cf65f5a24f2&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Conference object , Article , Journal , Other literature type , Preprint 2018 Sweden, SwedenPublisher:European Real Estate Society Authors: Andreas Mense; Carolin Pommeranz; Bertram I. Steininger;AbstractWe analyze whether lower rents for energy-inefficient apartments reflect tenants’ willingness to pay due to a higher green awareness, purchasing power, or energy consumption costs. Based on a German rental apartment dataset from Q1 2007 to Q1 2019, we use interaction terms for socioeconomic characteristics in a hedonic regression model. We find that rents are lower for apartments with higher energy consumption, even in neighborhoods with lower levels of green awareness. This relationship is stronger in neighborhoods with higher purchasing power, such that communities with low levels of green awareness and high purchasing power show the steepest negative slope for increasing energy consumption (−8.6% from the highest to lowest rating). Thus, the rent-decreasing effect of purchasing power is higher than that of green awareness. Splitting the entire period into smaller windows, we find that the interaction effect of green awareness has emerged in the most recent years (2017–2019). This may be driven by changes in regulation, which have made it easier for tenants to assess the energy consumption before they rent, or by a general increase in green awareness over this period.
https://eres.archite... arrow_drop_down The Journal of Real Estate Finance and EconomicsArticle . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYData sources: CrossrefSocial Science Open Access RepositoryArticle . 2021Data sources: Social Science Open Access Repositoryadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.15396/eres2018_134&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu12 citations 12 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert https://eres.archite... arrow_drop_down The Journal of Real Estate Finance and EconomicsArticle . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYData sources: CrossrefSocial Science Open Access RepositoryArticle . 2021Data sources: Social Science Open Access Repositoryadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.15396/eres2018_134&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Bachelor thesis 2022 SwedenPublisher:KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS) Authors: Shin, Oliver;This study has focused on investigating the perceived effect on knowledge, retention and engagement from using a gamified app developed to reduce employee greenhouse emissions. Data was gathered using a “deed-based” mobile application at a large nordic commercial IT company. The employees of the company entered a month-long campaign commitment to try and improve their knowledge of sustainable emission behavior. After completing the campaign period we conducted interviews with select people to gather qualitative insight of their experience. The results found indicate that participants do not conclusively perceive a knowledge increase of sustainability and greenhouse emissions after the campaign ended. Participants generally enjoyed the competitive aspect of the gamified app, often referring to it as fun and engaging. In some cases, participants became very engaged and initiated deeper sustainability discussions with their teammates during the campaign. Denna studie har fokuserat på att undersöka upplevd påverkan på kunskap, bibehållande av kunskap och engagemang från att använda en spelapp utvecklad för att minska anställdas CO2-utsläpp. Denna uppdragsbaserade mobilapp användes som utgångspunkt för den här studien på ett stort nordiskt IT-företag. De anställda i företaget gick in i en månadslång kampanj för att försöka förbättra sina kunskaper om hållbart utsläppsbeteende. Efter att ha slutfört kampanjperioden genomfördes intervjuer med utvalda personer för att få insikt i deras erfarenheter från kampanjen. Resultaten indikerar att deltagarna inte upplevde en kunskapsökning inom hållbarhet och växthusgasutsläpp efter kampanjens slut. Deltagarna uppskattade i allmänhet tävlingsmomentet i appen, som ofta ansågs rolig och engagerande. I i vissa fall blev deltagarna väldigt engagerade i djupare hållbarhetsdiskussioner inom laget.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od_______260::9db22b98a5eaf8a4de20b78205233ab0&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od_______260::9db22b98a5eaf8a4de20b78205233ab0&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu
description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Bachelor thesis 2016 SwedenPublisher:KTH, Kraft- och värmeteknologi Authors: Abeywardana, Asela Janaka;This study aimed at evaluating and demonstrating the feasibility of using Concentrated Solar Thermal technology combined with biomass energy technology as a hybrid renewable energy system to supply the process heat requirements in small scale industries in Sri Lanka. Particularly, the focus was to apply the concept to the expanding hotel industry, for covering the thermal energy demand of a medium scale hotel. Solar modules utilize the rooftop area of the building to a valuable application. Linear Fresnel type of solar concentrator is selected considering the requirement of the application and the simplicity of fabrication and installation compared to other technologies. Subsequently, a wood-fired boiler is deployed as the steam generator as well as the balancing power source to recover the effects due to the seasonal variations in solar energy. Bioenergy, so far being the largest primary energy supply in the country, has a good potential for further growth in industrial applications like small hotels. When a hotel with about 200-guests capacity and annual average occupancy of 65% is considered, the total annual CO2 saving is accounted as 207 tons compared with an entirely fossil fuel (diesel) fired boiler system. The annual operational cost saving is around $ 40,000 and the simple payback period is within 3-4 years. The proposed hybrid system can generate additional 26 employment opportunities in the proximity of the site location area. This solar-biomass hybrid concept mitigates the weaknesses associated with these renewable technologies when employed separately. The system has been designed in such a way that the total heat demand of hot water and process steam supply is managed by renewable energy alone. It is thus a self-sustainable, non-conventional, renewable energy system. This concept can be stretched to other critical medium temperature applications like for example absorption refrigeration. The system is applicable to many other industries in the country where space requirement is available, solar irradiance is rich and a solid biomass supply is assured.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dedup_wf_002::d6d403b393bf49fccf68ade995be68dd&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen bronze 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dedup_wf_002::d6d403b393bf49fccf68ade995be68dd&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Bachelor thesis 2020 SwedenPublisher:KTH, Kemiteknik Authors: Storfeldt Moqvist, Tim;This study was about performing an LCA on a portable flash unit, C1, made by Profoto. The goal was to get an overview of the environmental impact of the C1 and to investigate hotspots in the production and/or use phase of the C1. The results from the LCA would then be compared by LCAs made on similar products such as the C1, and in this LCA study the comparison was made on two different lamps, LED and CFL lamps. The reason for this is because no other LCA could be found on portable flash units and therefore LED and CFL lamps were chosen instead being the second closest product with the same function as the C1, to create light. The functional unit chosen in this LCA was 1 lumen-hour, which was the same functional unit used by the LED/CFL lamps, and CML 2001 method was used for life cycle impact assessment. In this study only the production and use phase were analyzed and no further investigation were made on the end of life phase of the C1.The whole LCA system has been analyzed and designed by using the GaBi LCA software, and literature studies on both other LCAs and datasheets was used to gather key manufacturing steps of each component of the C1 and rescaled to fit inside the given system boundaries. From the results given, a conclusion can be made that the battery and the reflector, being two components found in the C1, had the highest contribution in environmental impacts, which is mainly due to the fact that these two components had the highest consumption of electricity. The production phase was the phase with the highest impact in all the chosen impact categories, and stood for 88-99% of the total impacts, while the use phase had an overall low contribution.A scenario analysis was also made where the use phase was changed to three different countries, changing the electricity grid mix used during the use phase. This was done to see whether these changes would influence the overall results of the LCA, and to see whether the use phase still had a low impact compared to the production phase. The results achieved showed a very small change in the overall results in all the chosen impact categories for this study, only increasing the results with 1-3%. With this a conclusion was made that changing the use phase would not affect the overall results of this LCA, the fact being that the production phase stood for the higher contribution in all of the impact categories.Looking at the comparison part, the C1 had a lower impact in 3 out of the 5 chosen impact categories, compared to the LED/CFL lamps. Here the C1 had a lower impact in the Global Warming Potential- (GWP 100), Eutrophication Potential-(EP) and Ozone layer Depletion Potential-(ODP) impact category, while having a higher impact in the Human Toxicity Potential- (HTP) and Acidification Potential- (AP) impact categories, concluding that the C1 has an overall lower impact compared to CFL/LED lamps. The reason for the higher impacts in these two categories was mainly because of the usage of the aluminum reflector, which was the reason for the high impact in the HTP impact category.For future studies Profoto could look over the possibility to exchange the reflector, which was made out of aluminum, for another material, since this could reduce both the cost and environmental impact of the C1. The possibility of exchanging the battery would also be a possible future investigation, since it is the battery which decides the life span of the C1. Being able to exchange the battery would improve the life span of the C1. Investigations regarding the end-of-life phase of the C1 would also be recommended, since many of the components are made out of plastic, which could be recycled. Profoto should also continue making LCAs on their other products and compare the results to the C1, since this would give a better comparison to the C1 with products more similar to itself. Detta examensarbete handlade om att utföra en Livscykelanalys på Profoto’s produkt C1. Denna produkt är en portabel blixtenhet som kan kopplas tillsammans med mobiltelefoner och producera professionella bilder, genom att producera blixtljus för att skapa mer levande bilder med telefonen. Målet var att ge Profoto en bättre förståelse kring hur deras produkt påverka miljön utifrån produktionsfasen och användningsfasen, samt hur dom i framtiden kan arbeta för att få ner dessa miljöpåverkningar. Dessa resultat jämfördes också med andra livscykelanalyser som gjorts på liknande produkter, men eftersom ingen analys kunde hittas på portabla blixtenheter, blev jämförelsen med C1:an istället med LED och CFL lampor. Detta eftersom dessa produkter har samma funktion som C1:an, vilket är att producera ljus. Dessutom användes en godtycklig funktionsenhet i analyserna kring LED/CFL lamporna som kunde appliceras på C1:an. I denna livscykelanalys användes programmet GaBi där databaser och processer användes för att återskapa produktionskedjan av diverse komponenter, vilka alla produceras i Kina. Dessutom återskapades användningsfasen, vilket utspelade sig i Sverige. Den metod som använts i denna livscykelanalys var CML 2001 metoden. Denna metod valdes för de analyser som gjordes på LED och CFL lampor använde denna metod. Resultaten visade att de komponenter som tillförde mest till miljöpåverkan var batteriet och reflektorn då dessa krävde mer konsumtion av el än de andra. Det visade sig också att C1:an hade lägre påverkan på tre utav de fem kategorier som valts från CML 2001 metoden. Dessa tre kategorier var Global Warming Potential- (GWP 100), Eutrophication Potential-(EP) and Ozone layer Depletion Potential- (ODP) kategorierna, medan de kategorier där C1:an hade en högre påverkan var Human Toxicity Potential- (HTP) och Acidification Potential.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dedup_wf_002::d45e12af87ff3d30cacac02d9347fca6&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen bronze 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dedup_wf_002::d45e12af87ff3d30cacac02d9347fca6&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Bachelor thesis 2018 SwedenPublisher:KTH, Energiteknik Authors: Dhital, Avinash;About 83% of total energy consumed in Nepal comes directly from the solid fuels. The import of Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) is also growing at an exponential rate. The hospitality subsector (hotels and restaurants), one of the key economic subsectors in the country, consumes most of the energy within the commercial sector primarily for cooking purposes. The bio-waste generated from growing hospitality subsector and other sectors in Kathmandu is poorly managed. Similarly, on the other hand, Nepal has an extensive knowledge and experience of manure based anaerobic household biogas systems mainly in rural areas. Based upon this situation, the thesis investigates the opportunities for anaerobic biogas production for cooking at hotels and restaurants by utilizing their own organic waste. Currently available biogas technologies, important parameters affecting the biogas yield, policy and financial supports and case studies of various stakeholders employing the biogas technologies in the hotels and restaurants in Nepal were considered. The most applicable technology for the purpose was then chosen. The organic waste sampling study from randomly selected 4-star hotel (Yatri Spa and Suites), tourist standard hotel (Hotel Bliss International) and restaurant (Fren’s Kitchen) in Thamel, the tourist zone of Kathmandu was conducted. Similarly, various data especially focusing on the current cooking energy need, demand, supply, cost, organic waste management of the hotels and the restaurant was collected through questionnaires and series of interviews. The average amount of daily organic waste and organic waste fraction for Yatri, Bliss and Fren’s was found to be 61.3 kg and 63.0%, 18.4 kg and 82.7%, and 16.3 kg and 81.8% respectively. Similarly, the variations in weekly organic wastes and waste generated per guest was also determined. Based upon the amount and characteristics of organic waste from the sampling survey, the theoretical biogas potential of the organic waste at digester output rate of 0.27 kWh/kg/day for JUAS digesters, the technology selected for the biogas conversion, was found to be 18.4 kWh/day, 5.5 kWh/day and 4.9 kWh/day equivalent to 4.9%, 3.0% and 5.4 % of the current daily energy need for Yatri, Bliss and Fren’s respectively. Similarly, the economic implications of the small-scale biogas technology if employed in the hotels and the restaurant was scoped out. It was found that the recommended Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) based 3000 l sized JUAS bio-digesters had positive Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and payback time of around 5 years on average for all the eateries under study. The monthly life cycle cost of the integrated LPG-JUAS system is found be cheaper for all eateries as compared to the current LPG system. Levelized Cost of Energy (LCoE) of the JUAS digesters is calculated to be competitive as compared to energy from other renewables in the country. There is, however, need to improve the digester conditions to get higher biogas yields. For the wider adoption of the digesters across urban sectors, the subsidies amount should also be increased together with information dissemination regarding biogas uses and its potential among the stakeholders. Omkring 83% av den totala energiförbrukningen i Nepal kommer direkt från det fasta bränslet. Importen av flytande petroleumgas (LPG) växer också i exponentiell takt. Underhållningsbranschen (hotell och restauranger), en av de viktigaste ekonomiska delområdena i landet, förbrukar mest energi inom kommersiell sektor, främst för matlagning. Det biologiska avfallet som genereras av växande underhållsbranschen och andra sektorer i Katmandu är dåligt förvaltad. På samma sätt har Nepal en omfattande kunskap och erfarenhet av gödselbaserade anaeroba hushållsbiogasystem, huvudsakligen i landsbygdsområden. Baserat på denna situation undersöker man avhandlingen möjligheterna till anaerob biogasproduktion för att laga mat på hotell och restauranger genom att använda eget organiskt avfall. För närvarande finns biogasteknik, viktiga parametrar som påverkar biogasutbytet, politiska och finansiella stöd och fallstudier av olika intressenter som använder biogasteknik i hotell och restauranger i Nepal. Den mest tillämpliga tekniken för ändamålet valdes sedan. Undersökning av organiska avfallsprov från slumpmässigt utvalt 4-stjärnigt hotell (Yatri Spa and Suites), turisthotell (Hotel Bliss International) och restaurang (Fren's Kitchen) i Thamel, utförs turistområdet Katmandu. På samma sätt samlades olika data som speciellt fokuserade på dagens energibehov, efterfrågan, tillgång, kostnad, organisk avfallshantering av hotellen och restaurangen genom enkäter och intervjuer. Den genomsnittliga mängden dagligt organiskt avfall och organiskt avfallsfraktion för Yatri, Bliss och Fren var visat sig 61,3 kg respektive 63,0%, 18,4 kg respektive 82,7% respektive 16,3 kg respektive 81,8%. På samma sätt bestämdes också variationerna i organiskt avfall per vecka och avfall som genererades per gäst. Baserat på mängden och egenskaperna hos organiskt avfall från provtagningsundersökningen befanns den teoretiska biogaspotentialen hos det organiska avfallet vid kokareutgångshastigheten på 0,27 kWh / kg / dag för JUAS-kokare, den teknik som valts för biogasomvandling, befunnits vara 18,4 kWh / dag, 5,5 kWh / dag och 4,9 kWh / dag motsvarande 4,9%, 3,0% och 5,4% av dagens energibehov för Yatri, Bliss och Fren. På samma sätt scenkades de ekonomiska konsekvenserna av den småskaliga biogastekniken om de anställdes i hotell och restaurangen. Det visade sig att de rekommenderade polyvinylkloridbaserade (PVC) -baserade JUAS-bioförstörare av polyvinylklorid med jämna mellanrum hade positivt nettoförsäkringsvärde (NPV), interna avkastningsräntor och återbetalningstid på cirka 5 år i genomsnitt för alla restauranger som studerades. Den månatliga livscykelkostnaden för det integrerade LPG-JUAS-systemet befinner sig vara billigare för alla matställen jämfört med det aktuella LPG-systemet. Nivånad kostnad för energi (LCoE) hos JUAS-kokare beräknas vara konkurrenskraftig jämfört med energi från andra förnybara energikällor i landet. Det är dock nödvändigt att förbättra kokareförhållandena för att få högre biogasutbyten. För det bredare godkännandet av kokare i städerna bör bidragsbeloppet också ökas tillsammans med informationsspridning avseende biogasanvändning och dess potential bland intressenterna.För det bredare godkännandet av kokare i städerna bör bidragsbeloppet också ökas tillsammans med informationsspridning avseende biogasanvändning och dess potential bland intressenterna.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dedup_wf_002::900b1533ee10b46edb6c9c84eff799b7&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen bronze 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dedup_wf_002::900b1533ee10b46edb6c9c84eff799b7&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2010 SwedenPublisher:KTH, Tillämpad termodynamik och kylteknik Authors: Ali, Rashid;Phase change phenomena of a fluid flowing in a micro channel may be exploited to make the heat exchangers more compact and energy efficient. Compact heat exchangers offer several advantages such as light weight, low cost, energy efficiency, capability of removing high heat fluxes and charge reduction are a few to mention. Phase change phenomena in macro or conventional channels have been investigated since long but in case of micro channels, fewer studies of phase change have been conducted and underlying phenomena during two-phase flow in micro channels are not yet fully understood. It is clear from the literature that the two-phase flow models developed for conventional channels do not perform well when extrapolated to micro scale. In the current thesis, the experimental flow boiling results for micro channels are reported. Experiments were conducted in circular, stainless steel and quartz tubes in both horizontal and vertical orientations. The internal diameters of steel tubes tested were 1.70 mm, 1.224 mm and the diameter of quartz tube tested was 0.781 mm. The quartz tube was coated with a thin, electrically conductive, transparent layer of Indium-Tin-Oxide (ITO) making simultaneous heating and visualization possible. Test tubes were heated electrically using DC power supply. Two refrigerants R134a and R245fa were used as working fluids during the tests. Experiments were conducted at a wide variety of operating conditions. Flow visualization results obtained with quartz tube clearly showed the presence of confinement effects and consequently an early transition to annular flow for micro channels. Several flow pattern images were captured during flow boiling of R134a in quartz tube. Flow patterns recorded during the experiments were presented in the form of Reynolds number versus vapour quality and superficial liquid velocity versus superficial gas velocity plots. Experimental flow pattern maps so obtained were also compared with the other flow pattern maps available in the literature showing a poor agreement. Flow boiling heat transfer results for quartz and steel tubes indicate that the heat transfer coefficient increases with heat flux and system pressure but is independent on mass flux and vapour quality. Experimental flow boiling heat transfer coefficient results were compared with those obtained using different correlations from the literature. Heat transfer experiments with steel tubes were continued up to dryout condition and it was observed that dryout conditions always started close to the exit of the tube. The dryout heat flux increased with mass flux and decreased with exit vapour quality. The dryout data were compared with some well known CHF correlations available in the literature. Two-phase frictional pressure drop for the quartz tube was also obtained under different operating conditions. As expected, two-phase frictional pressure drop increased with mass flux and exit vapour quality. QC 20101206
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dedup_wf_002::15a9d024ab0c790be53b6d8fa6ba7bd3&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen bronze 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dedup_wf_002::15a9d024ab0c790be53b6d8fa6ba7bd3&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Bachelor thesis 2024 SwedenPublisher:KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.) Authors: Ragnarsson, Daniel; Twomey Bundgaard, Christian;Denna uppsats undersöker konsumenters betalningsvilja för hållbara hus, med fokus på olika demografiska grupper och de faktorer som påverkar deras beslut. Studien syftar till att hjälpa byggföretag att utvärdera den ekonomiska genomförbarheten av att integrera hållbara metoder i sina projekt. Genom att använda en blandad metod sekventiellt förklarande-forskningsdesign inkluderar forskningen kvantitativa data från enkäter och kvalitativa data från expertintervjuer. Centrala fynd visar att även om hållbarhet inte är den primära drivkraften vid bostadsköp, finns det en betydande betalningsvilja för förbättrad energieffektivitet och minskad miljöpåverkan. Denna vilja varierar mellan olika demografiska grupper, där yngre generationer och kvinnor visar högre benägenhet att investera i hållbarhet. Studien belyser även fenomenet "hypotetisk bias", där den uttryckta betalningsviljan i enkäter överstiger den faktiska viljan i verkliga scenarier. Resultaten tyder på att integrering av hållbara lösningar kan vara ekonomiskt genomförbart för byggföretag, förutsatt att dessa lösningar erbjuder tydliga ekonomiska fördelar för konsumenterna. Framtida forskning bör undersöka långsiktiga trender i konsumentpreferenser och effekten av olika incitament för att främja hållbart byggande. This thesis investigates consumer willingness to pay for sustainable buildings, focusing on different demographic groups and the factors influencing their decisions. The study aims to assist construction companies in evaluating the economic feasibility of incorporating sustainable practices into their projects. Utilizing a sequential explanatory mixed-methods approach, the research includes quantitative data from surveys and qualitative insights from expert interviews. Key findings reveal that while sustainability is not the primary driver in housing purchases, there is a significant willingness to pay for enhanced energy efficiency and reduced environmental impact. This willingness varies across demographics, with younger generations and women showing higher inclinations towards sustainable investments. The study also highlights the phenomenon of "hypothetical bias," where expressed willingness to pay in surveys exceeds actual willingness in real-life scenarios. The results suggest that integrating sustainable solutions can be economically viable for construction companies, provided these solutions offer clear economic benefits to consumers. Future research should explore the long-term trends in consumer preferences and the impact of various incentives on promoting sustainable housing
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od_______260::9c2a8e3c8841602f86c4f2aa31f34461&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od_______260::9c2a8e3c8841602f86c4f2aa31f34461&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Report 2021 SwedenPublisher:KTH, Kraft- och värmeteknologi Authors: Trevisan, Silvia;QC 20220131
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dedup_wf_002::4b1558d8386db7b7a5485c6ff21989d5&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen bronze 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dedup_wf_002::4b1558d8386db7b7a5485c6ff21989d5&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Bachelor thesis 2018 SwedenPublisher:KTH, Energiteknik Authors: Enefalk, Tommy;Global warming imposes great challenges, and anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions have to be reduced by active measures. The transportation sector is one of the key sectors where significant reductions are desired. Within a vehicle, the cooling/thermal management system is a subsystem intended for temperature control of automotive components. Reducing the power consumption for thermal management is one of several possible ways to reduce the environmental impact of the vehicle. This report considers an existing reference cooling system, with three separate circuits at different temperature levels. The purpose is to suggest improvements to the reference system with respect to increasing energy efficiency as well as reducing the number of components. Potential improvements are identified during a literature study, and then evaluated one by one. After the first evaluation, four improvements are selected: Firstly, a liquid-to-liquid heat exchanger in high temperature circuit, with connections to both the medium and low temperature circuits. Secondly, common medium/low temperature radiators, which can be allocated according to cooling demand. Thirdly, pipe connections for coolant transfer between the low and medium temperature circuits. Finally, a liquid-cooled condenser in the active cooling system, cooled by the medium temperature circuit. The result is a system with flexible radiator allocation, more even load distribution, ability to heat components using heat losses from other components, and one radiator less than the reference system. A complete system evaluation is performed in order to find the most beneficial arrangement of the components. Steady state calculations are performed in MATLAB, using five different operational cases as input data. Out of six different alternatives, one is recommended for high load operation and another for low load operation. The difference between the two is the position of the condenser, since a low condensation temperature should be prioritized at part load but not at high load. The main uncertainties of this report are steady state calculations, which are not fully reflecting real driving situations, and approximations due to lack of input data. For further work, verification of these results by transient simulations and practical testing is recommended. Removing one of the high temperature radiators could be investigated, as well as downsizing the medium temperature radiator. Integration with the cabin thermal management system, which is beyond the scope of this report, is also a relevant area for future investigation. By suggesting improvements to an automotive subsystem, this report strives to make a difference on a small-scale level, but also to contribute to an ongoing transition process on the global level. Den globala uppvärmningen medför stora utmaningar, och de antropogena växthusgasutsläppen måste minskas genom aktiva åtgärder. Transportsektorn är en av de viktigaste sektorerna där avsevärda utsläppsminskningar eftersträvas. I ett fordon är kylsystemet ett delsystem avsett att kontrollera temperaturen på komponenter som är viktiga för fordonets funktion. Att sänka kylsystemets effektförbrukning är ett av flera möjliga sätt att minska fordonets miljöpåverkan. Den här rapporten utgår från ett befintligt referenskylsystem, med tre separata kretsar som arbetar vid olika temperaturnivåer. Syftet är att föreslå förbättringar för att öka energieffektiviteten, samt minska antalet komponenter i systemet. Potentiella förbättringar identifieras genom en litteraturstudie, och utvärderas därefter en efter en. Efter denna utvärdering väljs fyra förbättringar ut: För det första, en vätskevärmeväxlare i högtemperaturkretsen, med anslutningar till både mellan- och lågtemperaturkretsen. För det andra, gemensamma mellan- och lågtemperaturkylare, som kan fördelas mellan kretsarna efter behov. För det tredje, röranslutningar för överföring av kylvätska mellan låg- och mellantemperaturkretsen. Slutligen, en vätskekyld kondensor i det aktiva kylsystemet, vilken kyls av mellantemperaturkretsen. Resultatet är ett kylsystem med flexibel tilldelning av kylare, jämnare fördelning av värmeförluster, möjlighet att värma komponenter med förlustvärme från andra komponenter, samt en kylare mindre än referenssystemet. Som sista steg genomförs en helsystemsutvärdering, för att hitta det mest fördelaktiga sättet att placera komponenterna i förhållande till varandra. Stationära beräkningar utförs i MATLAB, med fem olika driftfall som indata. Av sex olika utformningar rekommenderas en för drift med hög belastning, och en annan för drift med lägre belastning. Skillnaden mellan dem är kondensorns placering, på grund av att en låg kondensationstemperatur bör prioriteras vid låg belastning men inte vid hög belastning. Den största osäkerheten i tillvägagångssättet är de stationära beräkningarna, som inte helt motsvarar verkliga körfall, samt approximationer som gjorts vid brist på indata. För framtida arbete rekommenderas verifiering av dessa resultat genom transienta simuleringar och praktiska tester. Att ta bort en av högtemperaturkylarna och/eller minska storleken på mellantemperaturkylaren kan också undersökas. Även integration med kupéns värme- och kylsystem, vilket ligger utanför ramen för denna rapport, är ett relevant område för fortsatta undersökningar. Genom att föreslå förbättringar av ett delsystem i ett fordon strävar denna rapport efter att åstadkomma förbättringar på liten skala, men också att bidra till en pågående omvandling på den globala skalan.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dedup_wf_002::b0e157f0b3bac45082024d1f31bfc169&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen bronze 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dedup_wf_002::b0e157f0b3bac45082024d1f31bfc169&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Bachelor thesis 2015 SwedenPublisher:KTH, Tillämpad termodynamik och kylteknik Authors: Ericsson, Mattias;The influence of control strategies and storage tank sizes on the system performance of a solar thermal assisted ground source heat pump(SAGSHP) installation has been investigated. The system investigated is in the design stage and will be implemented in the project Slottsholmen in Västervik, Sweden during 2015. Using the simulation software TRNSYS the suggested system has been modelled in its entirety and the response of the system for different control strategies and storage tank size configurations have been investigated.The system is designed with a dual tank configuration where solar heat can either be used for direct domestic hot water(DHW) production(in a high grade tank) or utilized as additional source for the heat pumps(in a low grade tank) with the purpose of increasing evaporation temperatures of the heat pumps. Four different control strategies have been investigated. Two strategies where either tank is prioritized, one where the two tanks are run in series and heat can be delivered at two temperature levels simultaneously and one strategy where the low grade storage tank is by-passed and heat is only utilized directly for DHW production. For each control strategy a series of different tank size configurations have been tested. Results show that the influence of control strategies dominate the effect of different storage tank size configurations. Solar fraction for the system varies between 0.10 and 0.13 between control strategies while variations between storage tank sizes are close to negligible. The electricity use of the SAGHSP system has been compared to a reference system where the solar collectors are switched off. The results show that fractional energy savings of the SAGSHP system ranges from 0.066 to 0.099 between control strategies. Interestingly the fractional energy savings increases for cases with lower solar fraction. For control strategies which prioritize DHW production the temperature level in the solar collector loop increased thus leading to lower solar collector efficiency and less collected heat. However, solar heat used directly for DHW production leads to a higher electricity savings than using the heat as source for the heat pumps which explains the decoupling of fractional energy savings from solar fraction. An attempt to quantify the value of the harvested solar collected heat is done by introducing a performance figure named ''Solar Savings Efficiency'' which is the ratio of the electricity savings compared to the reference system to the collected solar heat. The Solar Savings Efficiency ranges from 0.23 to 0.46 with the higher value registered for strategies which prioritize DHW production. Inverkan av strategier för styrning och ackumuleringsvolymer på systemprestandan hos en solkollektorassisterad bergvärmeinstallation har undersökts. Det undersökta systemet är i projekteringsstadiet och kommer att byggas i projektet Slottsholmen i Västervik under 2015. Genom att använda simuleringsmjukvaran TRNSYS har systemet modellerats i sin helhet och systemets respons på olika styrstrategier och konfiguration av ackumulatortankar har undersökts. Systemet är designat med två ackumuleringstankar för solkollektorkretsen där solvärme antingen kan användas för direkt beredning av varmvatten(en varm tank) eller som värmekälla för systemets värmepumpar(en kall tank) med syftet att då höja värmepumparnas förångningstemperatur. Fyra olika styrstrategier har undersökts. Två strategier där antingen den varma eller den kalla tanken är prioriterad, en strategi där båda tankarna är i serie och värme kan lämnas vid båda temperaturnivåer samtidigt samt en fjärde strategi där den kalla tanken alltid förbigås och solvärmen endast används för direkt beredning av varmvatten. För varje styrstrategi har en rad olika konfigurationer på ackumuleringstankarna testats. Resultatet visar att inverkan av styrstrategier dominerar över den effekt som olika ackumuleringsvolymer har. Andelen av systemets värmelast som betjänas av solvärme varierar mellan 0.10 och 0.13 mellan olika styrstrategier medan variation mellan olika ackumuleringsvolymer är nära försumbar. Elanvändningen i systemet har jämförts mot ett referenssystem där solkollektorerna är avstängda. Resultaten visar att besparingen i elektricitet relativt referenssystemet varierar mellan 6.6 % och 9.9 % mellan olika styrstrategier. Intressant är att elbesparingen är högre för fall med lägre andel solvärme. För styrstrategier som prioriterar varmvattenberedning ökar temperaturnivån i solkollektorkretsen vilket leder till lägre verkningsgrad för solkollektorerna och därmed lägre andel solvärme som förs in i systemet. Dock visas att solvärme som används direkt för varmvattenberedning leder till högre elbesparing än solvärme som används som källa för värmepumparna vilket förklarar den lägre elanvändningen vid lägre andel solvärme. Ett försök att kvantifiera värdet av den skördade solvärmen har utförts genom att introducera ett nyckeltal kallat ''Solbesparingsverkningsgrad (Solar Savings Efficiency)''. Nyckeltalet är definierat som kvoten av elbesparingen för en viss strategi/konfiguration jämfört med referenssystemet och total mängd solenergi som skördats. Solbesparingsverkningsgraden varierar mellan 0.23 och 0.46 med det högre värdet för strategier som prioriterar direkt varmvattenberedning.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dedup_wf_002::902580743e83d806eb7f4cf65f5a24f2&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen bronze 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dedup_wf_002::902580743e83d806eb7f4cf65f5a24f2&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Conference object , Article , Journal , Other literature type , Preprint 2018 Sweden, SwedenPublisher:European Real Estate Society Authors: Andreas Mense; Carolin Pommeranz; Bertram I. Steininger;AbstractWe analyze whether lower rents for energy-inefficient apartments reflect tenants’ willingness to pay due to a higher green awareness, purchasing power, or energy consumption costs. Based on a German rental apartment dataset from Q1 2007 to Q1 2019, we use interaction terms for socioeconomic characteristics in a hedonic regression model. We find that rents are lower for apartments with higher energy consumption, even in neighborhoods with lower levels of green awareness. This relationship is stronger in neighborhoods with higher purchasing power, such that communities with low levels of green awareness and high purchasing power show the steepest negative slope for increasing energy consumption (−8.6% from the highest to lowest rating). Thus, the rent-decreasing effect of purchasing power is higher than that of green awareness. Splitting the entire period into smaller windows, we find that the interaction effect of green awareness has emerged in the most recent years (2017–2019). This may be driven by changes in regulation, which have made it easier for tenants to assess the energy consumption before they rent, or by a general increase in green awareness over this period.
https://eres.archite... arrow_drop_down The Journal of Real Estate Finance and EconomicsArticle . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYData sources: CrossrefSocial Science Open Access RepositoryArticle . 2021Data sources: Social Science Open Access Repositoryadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.15396/eres2018_134&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu12 citations 12 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert https://eres.archite... arrow_drop_down The Journal of Real Estate Finance and EconomicsArticle . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYData sources: CrossrefSocial Science Open Access RepositoryArticle . 2021Data sources: Social Science Open Access Repositoryadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.15396/eres2018_134&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Bachelor thesis 2022 SwedenPublisher:KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS) Authors: Shin, Oliver;This study has focused on investigating the perceived effect on knowledge, retention and engagement from using a gamified app developed to reduce employee greenhouse emissions. Data was gathered using a “deed-based” mobile application at a large nordic commercial IT company. The employees of the company entered a month-long campaign commitment to try and improve their knowledge of sustainable emission behavior. After completing the campaign period we conducted interviews with select people to gather qualitative insight of their experience. The results found indicate that participants do not conclusively perceive a knowledge increase of sustainability and greenhouse emissions after the campaign ended. Participants generally enjoyed the competitive aspect of the gamified app, often referring to it as fun and engaging. In some cases, participants became very engaged and initiated deeper sustainability discussions with their teammates during the campaign. Denna studie har fokuserat på att undersöka upplevd påverkan på kunskap, bibehållande av kunskap och engagemang från att använda en spelapp utvecklad för att minska anställdas CO2-utsläpp. Denna uppdragsbaserade mobilapp användes som utgångspunkt för den här studien på ett stort nordiskt IT-företag. De anställda i företaget gick in i en månadslång kampanj för att försöka förbättra sina kunskaper om hållbart utsläppsbeteende. Efter att ha slutfört kampanjperioden genomfördes intervjuer med utvalda personer för att få insikt i deras erfarenheter från kampanjen. Resultaten indikerar att deltagarna inte upplevde en kunskapsökning inom hållbarhet och växthusgasutsläpp efter kampanjens slut. Deltagarna uppskattade i allmänhet tävlingsmomentet i appen, som ofta ansågs rolig och engagerande. I i vissa fall blev deltagarna väldigt engagerade i djupare hållbarhetsdiskussioner inom laget.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od_______260::9db22b98a5eaf8a4de20b78205233ab0&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od_______260::9db22b98a5eaf8a4de20b78205233ab0&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu