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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: orcid Franziska Schöniger;
    Franziska Schöniger
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Franziska Schöniger in OpenAIRE
    orcid Philipp Mascherbauer;
    Philipp Mascherbauer
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Philipp Mascherbauer in OpenAIRE
    orcid Gustav Resch;
    Gustav Resch
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Gustav Resch in OpenAIRE
    orcid Lukas Kranzl;
    Lukas Kranzl
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Lukas Kranzl in OpenAIRE
    +1 Authors

    AbstractDecarbonising the energy system requires high shares of variable renewable generation and sector coupling like power to heat. In addition to heat supply, heat pumps can be used in future energy systems to provide flexibility to the electricity system by using the thermal storage potential of the building stock and buffer tanks to shift electricity demand to hours of high renewable electricity production. Bridging the gap between two methodological approaches, we coupled a detailed building technology operation model and the open-source energy system model Balmorel to evaluate the flexibility potential that decentral heat pumps can provide to the electricity system. Austria in the year 2030 serves as an example of a 100% renewable-based electricity system (at an annual national balance). Results show that system benefits from heat pump flexibility are relatively limited in extent and concentrated on short-term flexibility. Flexible heat pumps reduce system cost, CO2 emissions, and photovoltaics and wind curtailment in all scenarios. The amount of electricity shifted in the assessed standard flexibility scenario is 194 GWhel and accounts for about 20% of the available flexible heat pump electricity demand. A comparison of different modelling approaches and a deterministic sensitivity analysis of key input parameters complement the modelling. The most important input parameters impacting heat pump flexibility are the flexible capacity (determined by installed capacity and share of control), shifting time limitations, and cost assumptions for the flexibility provided. Heat pump flexibility contributes more to increasing low residual loads (up to 22% in the assessed scenarios) than decreasing residual load peaks. Wind power integration benefits more from heat pump flexibility than photovoltaics because of the temporal correlation between heat demand and wind generation.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Energy Efficiencyarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Energy Efficiency
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Energy Efficiencyarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Energy Efficiency
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Rafia Zaman; Rafia Zaman; orcid S. Kumar;
    S. Kumar
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    S. Kumar in OpenAIRE
    Nazrul Islam; +1 Authors

    Abstract Socio-technical transformations towards low-carbon energy systems are on the way in developed countries. Conversely, developing countries tend to be locked in fossil fuels and foster coal-based energy structures, emphasizing reliable and cost-effective energy provision and sidelining environmental concerns. In this study, we identified and analysed the predominant factors related to coal-based power generation in Bangladesh. We applied a mixed-method approach, initially conducting a systematic literature review and, subsequently, semi-structured expert interviews to identify and validate relevant factors. We then assessed their relative importance using an Analytical Hierarchy Process based on expert judgments. The results of this assessment reveal that socio-economic aspects and environmental issues scored highest, while technological aspects and sector regulations were considered to be less relevant for large-scale coal power implementation. We conclude that future energy policies created in Bangladesh will need to use appropriate legal instruments and address issues such as human displacement and resettlement, low levels of public acceptance, health hazards and environmental pollution. Participative policy frameworks should be deployed in coal plant projects, and active monitoring systems are necessary to reduce the negative consequences associated with increased electrification and energy consumption. To address foreseeable structural challenges, it furthermore will be crucial to explore sustainable alternatives.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Energy Policyarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Energy Policy
    Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
    Data sources: Crossref
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Energy Policyarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Energy Policy
      Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Elsevier TDM
      Data sources: Crossref
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    Authors: P. Suksusron; orcid A. Siricharoenpanich;
    A. Siricharoenpanich
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    A. Siricharoenpanich in OpenAIRE
    C. Hommalee; Songkran Wiriyasart; +1 Authors

    In this study, the thermal performance of a compact heat sink thermoelectric cooling module with water, nanofluid, and ferrofluid as the coolants is investigated experimentally. The TiO2 nanofluid and Fe3O4 ferrofluid were tested at concentrations of 0.005% and 0.015%, respectively. The dummy battery pack was filled with water under a constant temperature and represented as a heat load. The results reveal that the Fe3O4 ferrofluid showed a maximum heat transfer rate 11.17% and 12.57% higher, respectively, than that of the TiO2 nanofluid and water. The TiO2 nanofluid and Fe3O4 ferrofluid with a 0.015% concentration enhanced the Peltier effect by lowering the contribution of the Fourier effect of the thermoelectric cooler (TEC), decreasing the temperature difference of the TEC cooling module by 4.6% and 9.6%, respectively, which decreases the thermal resistance of the heat sink by 7% and 14%, respectively. More importantly, the use of nanofluids and ferrofluids with a 0.015% concentration as coolants increased the pressure drop significantly, by 0.5 kPa and 2.7 kPa, respectively, compared with water.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Case Studies in Ther...arrow_drop_down
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    Case Studies in Thermal Engineering
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY NC ND
    Data sources: Crossref
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    Case Studies in Thermal Engineering
    Article
    License: CC BY NC ND
    Data sources: UnpayWall
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    citations49
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Case Studies in Ther...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Case Studies in Thermal Engineering
      Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY NC ND
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Case Studies in Thermal Engineering
      Article
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Pradit Terdtoon; Phrut Sakulchangsatjatai; Niti Kammuang-lue; Chansin Sriwiset;

    The objectives of this study are to experimentally investigate the effect of meandering turn numbers on thermal performance and to predict the optimum meandering turn number of vertical and horizontal closed-loop pulsating heat pipes (CLPHP). The CLPHPs were made from a copper capillary tube with internal diameter of 2.0 mm. The CLPHPs were bent into undulating tubes with various meandering turn numbers, such as 5, 7, 10, 16, and 30. Each set of the CLPHPs had different evaporator section lengths of 50 mm and 150 mm. Heat input was supplied to the CLPHP by allowing the flow of distilled water as the heating medium through the evaporator section. The adiabatic section temperature was constantly controlled at 50°C. It could be concluded that the optimum meandering turn number of vertical CLPHPs with an evaporator section length of 50 mm is 10 for both R123 and water, and the optimum meandering turn numbers of vertical CLPHPs with an evaporator section length of 150 mm are 5 and 10, respectively, for R123 and water. However, the optimum meandering turn number of the horizontal CLPHP could not be found since the heat flux directly varies with the turn number. In addition, the correlation to predict the optimum meandering turn number of the vertical CLPHP was successfully established.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Thermal Sciencearrow_drop_down
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    Thermal Science
    Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Thermal Science
    Article
    License: CC BY NC ND
    Data sources: UnpayWall
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    7
    citations7
    popularityTop 10%
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Thermal Sciencearrow_drop_down
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      Thermal Science
      Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Thermal Science
      Article
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: orcid Stadler, K;
    Stadler, K
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Stadler, K in OpenAIRE
    orcid Wood, R.;
    Wood, R.
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Wood, R. in OpenAIRE
    Bulavskaya, T.; Sodersten, C.J.; +18 Authors

    SummaryEnvironmentally extended multiregional input‐output (EE MRIO) tables have emerged as a key framework to provide a comprehensive description of the global economy and analyze its effects on the environment. Of the available EE MRIO databases, EXIOBASE stands out as a database compatible with the System of Environmental‐Economic Accounting (SEEA) with a high sectorial detail matched with multiple social and environmental satellite accounts. In this paper, we present the latest developments realized with EXIOBASE 3—a time series of EE MRIO tables ranging from 1995 to 2011 for 44 countries (28 EU member plus 16 major economies) and five rest of the world regions. EXIOBASE 3 builds upon the previous versions of EXIOBASE by using rectangular supply‐use tables (SUTs) in a 163 industry by 200 products classification as the main building blocks. In order to capture structural changes, economic developments, as reported by national statistical agencies, were imposed on the available, disaggregated SUTs from EXIOBASE 2. These initial estimates were further refined by incorporating detailed data on energy, agricultural production, resource extraction, and bilateral trade. EXIOBASE 3 inherits the high level of environmental stressor detail from its precursor, with further improvement in the level of detail for resource extraction. To account for the expansion of the European Union (EU), EXIOBASE 3 was developed with the full EU28 country set (including the new member state Croatia). EXIOBASE 3 provides a unique tool for analyzing the dynamics of environmental pressures of economic activities over time.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Norwegian Open Resea...arrow_drop_down
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    NTNU Open
    Article . 2018
    Data sources: NTNU Open
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    Journal of Industrial Ecology
    Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
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    Journal of Industrial Ecology
    Article
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    Journal of Industrial Ecology
    Article . 2018
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: WU Research
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    UCL Discovery
    Article . 2018
    Data sources: UCL Discovery
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    NTNU Open
    Article . 2018
    Data sources: NTNU Open
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    Access Routes
    Green
    hybrid
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      NTNU Open
      Article . 2018
      Data sources: NTNU Open
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      Journal of Industrial Ecology
      Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
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      Journal of Industrial Ecology
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      Journal of Industrial Ecology
      Article . 2018
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      UCL Discovery
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      NTNU Open
      Article . 2018
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    Authors: orcid Nipon Ketjoy;
    Nipon Ketjoy
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Nipon Ketjoy in OpenAIRE
    Maruphong Konyu; Chatchai Sirisamphanwong;

    The accumulation of dust on any given photovoltaic (PV) module surface depends on the type of dust, environment, surroundings, weather, module properties, and its installation design. In this research, equations were developed for the preliminary evaluation and comparison of the reduction in power from PV modules because of dust soiling. Use of these equations shows that dust accumulation decreases solar irradiance and thus the power output of modules, and that there is a linear relationship between the power output degradation and density or amount of accumulated dust. The equations can be used to conduct analysis of average photon energy and the PV module power output reduction from accumulated dust. The study also showed that type of PV module can also affect the degree of power output reduction. The amorphous silicon PV modules are more affected compared to poly crystalline silicon PV modules as the latter has a spectrum response which still has the range that can produce full energy and therefore, dust soiling has lesser impact on them. PV power plants should regularly clean the modules, if not, production of electricity decreases, and so too the revenue from selling electricity, making the payback of the power plant longer.

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    IET Renewable Power Generation
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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    IET Renewable Power Generation
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      IET Renewable Power Generation
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    Authors: orcid Benjamin Fleiß;
    Benjamin Fleiß
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Benjamin Fleiß in OpenAIRE
    Alexander Bartik; orcid Juraj Priscak;
    Juraj Priscak
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    Juraj Priscak in OpenAIRE
    Florian Benedikt; +3 Authors

    AbstractChemical looping combustion is a highly efficient CO2 separation technology without direct contact between combustion air and fuel. A metal oxide is used as an oxygen carrier in dual fluidized beds to generate clean CO2. The use of biomass is the focus of current research because of the possibility of negative CO2 emissions and the utilization of biogenic carbon. The most commonly proposed OC are natural ores and residues, but complete combustion has not yet been achieved. In this work, the direct utilization of CLC exhaust gas for methane synthesis as an alternative route was investigated, where the gas components CO, CH4 and H2 are not disadvantageous but benefit the reactions in a methanation step. The whole process chain, the coupling of an 80 kWth pilot plant with gas cleaning and a 10 kW fluidized bed methanation unit were for this purpose established. As OC, ilmenite enhanced with limestone was used, combusting bark pellets in autothermal operation at over 1000 °C reaching high combustion efficiencies of up to 91.7%. The fuel reactor exhaust gas was mixed with hydrogen in the methanation reactor at 360 °C and converted with a methane yield of up to 97.3%. The study showed especially high carbon utilization efficiencies of 97% compared to competitor technologies. Based on the experimental results, a scale-up concept study showed the high potential of the combination of the technologies concerning the total efficiency and the adaptability to grid injection. Graphical Abstract

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    Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Jau-Huai Lu; Keng-Tung Wu; orcid Kanit Manatura;
    Kanit Manatura
    ORCID
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    Kanit Manatura;

    Cryptomeria japonica (CJ) samples were heated in a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) with CO2 as agent to study the gasification kinetics in the isothermal process. The samples were torrefied at 250 and 350 °C for 1 h. before being tested in TGA. Three isothermal conditions of 750, 800, and 850 °C were tested in this study to estimate the kinetic parameters of the Arrhenius form with the proposed models. The homogeneous model (HM), shrinking core model (SCM), and linear model (LM) were used, and the predicted results obtained from these models were compared with experimental data. The reaction rate of gasification was enhanced as temperature was raised, and a correlation of kinetic parameters with temperature was obtained. The simulated results of the linear model (LM) fit well with experimental data. This work is useful for design gasification in downdraft gasifier.

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    Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery
    Article . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
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      Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery
      Article . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Nurnajaa Narudin; Piyasiri Ekanayake; Ying Woan Soon; orcid Hideki Nakajima;
    Hideki Nakajima
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Hideki Nakajima in OpenAIRE
    +1 Authors

    Abstract Carbon-based counter electrodes of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) such as carbon black-graphite composite (CB/Gr) have received unprecedented interest in recent years due to their ease of fabrication, good corrosion resistance, and low cost compared to platinum (Pt) electrodes. However, the poor surface adherence between the carbon counter electrodes (CE) and FTO substrate, low surface area, and poor inter-particle connection between the carbon materials have consistently become a major challenge. In order to overcome these issues, we have fabricated CB/Gr by incorporating binders of titanium (IV) isopropoxide (TTIP), and zirconium (IV) dioxide (ZrO2) as the counter electrodes for the DSSC. The performance of the CE is characterized by four-point probe conductivity measurement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and current density voltage (J-V) characteristics. The results revealed that incorporating binders to the CB/Gr has improved the series resistance (RS) and charge transfer resistance (RCT), which enhances the short-circuit current density (JSC), fill factor (FF), and the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the device. The TTIP binder in CB/Gr CE exhibited superior performance in DSSC is largely attributed to the formation of TiO2 in situ with small particle size of about 100 nm, leading to enhanced intimate contact between the carbon materials, high surface area, and better surface adherence between counter electrode and the FTO substrate. Our findings, thereby, offer the possibility to engineer and optimize the energy levels of CE in an effort to develop a high-performing DSSC counter electrode.

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    Solar Energy
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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      Solar Energy
      Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: orcid Anneli Adler;
    Anneli Adler
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Anneli Adler in OpenAIRE
    Ivan Kumaniaev; orcid bw Almir Karačić;
    Almir Karačić
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    Almir Karačić in OpenAIRE
    Kiran Reddy Baddigam; +9 Authors

    La primera biorrefinación con lignina del álamo nórdico para producir fibras de celulosa podría desplazar la producción de algodón en tierras agrícolas Al cruzar Populus trichocarpa 3 P. trichocarpa de una población distante, se obtuvieron álamos híbridos que pueden crecer rápidamente en tierras marginales en climas del norte. Estos híbridos pueden transformarse mediante fraccionamiento catalítico reductor para producir una fibra textil deslignificada que puede ser un sustituto del algodón, así como un biocombustible alimentado con lignina en el rango de gasolina-aviación-diesel. La sostenibilidad de esta cadena de valor fue evaluada por LCA y mostró beneficios sustanciales en términos de uso de agua en comparación con la producción de algodón. Le bioraffinage en lignine du peuplier nordique pour produire des fibres de cellulose pourrait déplacer la production de coton sur les terres agricoles En croisant Populus trichocarpa 3 P. trichocarpa d'une population éloignée, des peupliers hybrides ont été obtenus qui peuvent croître rapidement sur des terres marginales dans les climats nordiques. Ces hybrides peuvent être transformés par fractionnement catalytique réducteur pour donner une fibre textile délignifiée qui peut remplacer le coton ainsi qu'un biocarburant ligninérisé dans la gamme essence-aviation-diesel. La durabilité de cette chaîne de valeur a été évaluée par LCA et a montré des avantages substantiels en termes d'utilisation de l'eau par rapport à la production de coton. Lignin-first biorefining of Nordic poplar to produce cellulose fibers could displace cotton production on agricultural lands By crossing Populus trichocarpa 3 P. trichocarpa from a distant population, hybrid poplar trees were obtained that can grow rapidly on marginal lands in northern climates.These hybrids can be transformed by reductive catalytic fractionation to yield a delignified textile fiber that can be a substitute for cotton as well as a ligninderived biofuel in the gasoline-aviation-diesel range.The sustainability of this value chain was evaluated by LCA and showed substantial benefits in terms of water use compared with cotton production. يمكن للتكرير الحيوي الأول لليجنين للحور الشمالي لإنتاج ألياف السليلوز أن يحل محل إنتاج القطن في الأراضي الزراعية من خلال عبور Populus trichocarpa 3 P. trichocarpa من مجموعة سكانية بعيدة، تم الحصول على أشجار الحور الهجينة التي يمكن أن تنمو بسرعة على الأراضي الهامشية في المناخات الشمالية. يمكن تحويل هذه الهجينة عن طريق التجزئة التحفيزية المختزلة لإنتاج ألياف نسيج منزوعة الكرامة يمكن أن تكون بديلاً عن القطن بالإضافة إلى وقود حيوي خفيف في نطاق البنزين والطيران والديزل. تم تقييم استدامة سلسلة القيمة هذه من قبل LCA وأظهرت فوائد كبيرة من حيث استخدام المياه مقارنة بإنتاج القطن.

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    Joule
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/jz...
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ SLU publication data...arrow_drop_down
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/jz...
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      Data sources: Datacite
      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/d5...
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