• Energy Research
• 8. Economic growth close
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• Lomonosov Moscow State University close

The evolution of economic processes and phenomena occurs cyclically with occasional deceleration or acceleration. In general, this development is accompanied by all known phases of business activity. The article reveals a new evaluation mechanism of the achieved results of the business activity growth, based on the determination of the current economic organization structure generation, the criteria for economic needs and interests. This approach allows us to critically assess the growth limits, and to form the conditions for further progressive development.

Economic security of the enterprise is designed to ensure stable and continuous functioning of the economic entity. The study of the state of economic security is one of the key factors for enterprises, as the level of its security depends on the financial condition. The purpose of personnel management in the system of economic security of the enterprise is to find ways to minimize risks and threats to employees. Ensuring economic security is one of the most important problems faced by enterprises. The overall system of integrated enterprise management is closely related to security and personnel management. The article examines the main threats and factors affecting economic security, as well as measures to improve the system of protection of the organization, the factors affecting the external and internal environment, measures for the organization of economic security in the enterprise, developed a methodology for assessing the personnel management system to make effective management decisions.

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected the employee lifecycle management (ELM) sphere, leading to the adoption of new human resource (HR) technologies and policies. This study investigates the impact of megatrends, artificial intelligence, digital technologies, and innovation on ELM and human resource management (HRM) policies in China, Russia, and Indonesia. Data were collected through structured interviews and publicly available information from companies in these countries between 2021 and 2022. The study evaluates the effects of artificial intelligence (AI), digital transformation (DT), and innovations on the sustainable development of ELM and identifies differences in technological responses to ELM in companies depending on their level of digital maturity. The results show that the majority of companies have continued the process of ELM digital transformation, but the percentage varies based on the scope of activity, labor, and readiness of the country to implement new technologies. The study reveals that large companies in each analyzed country with over 10,000 employees have a greater need and opportunity to implement HR digital transformation, whereas small companies with up to 100 people can operate without automation. In addition, the findings of this study provide propositions for designing how AI and innovations contribute to ELM. This article contributes to the current debate in the literature by substantiating the positive impact of AI, digital technology, and innovation on ELM and HRM strategies, offering practical applications for companies to improve productivity. Overall, this study highlights the importance of adopting innovative HR technologies in response to global challenges and workplace trends.

Based on the empirical data from the sociological study conducted in 2012 and 2019, the article analyzes the nature of transformations in the value structure by the adult population of Russia and how they were impacted by the changes in the quality of life over 7 years.Factor analysis is used in the article to reveal the changes in the typological values structure of the adult Russian population in 2012 and 2019. It is shown that in 2012 it was predominantly “materialistic” (according to R. Inglehart). The value of Active patriotism was the most significant. The value of hedonistic prosperity was of high importance, perceived as a desire for material prosperity for the sake of comfortable life. The family was of great importance. The significance of “postmaterialistic” values, i.e. creativity and freedom, was low. Bellicose patriotism was presented in the structure of values, but with low significance.The change in the value structure of the Russian population that occurred in 2019 is revealed. Although it remained predominantly “materialistic”, it underwent significant changes in comparison with 2012. The value of active patriotism remained the most significant for people, and the value of Bellicose patriotism rose to the second place from the fifth one, which was due to the changes that had taken place in the economic and political situation in relation to Russia in the world over seven years, and sanctions pressure on it. High importance of the Family and Hedonistic prosperity was preserved. “Post-materialistic” values of freedom and creativity remained insignificant. Transformation of the value structure of the Russian population from “materialistic” to “post-materialistic” did not occur. The transformation nature of the value structure by Russian population under the influence of changes in the state of the perceived quality of life is revealed. In 2012, physical and social activity of the Russian population had the highest level in comparison with other components. The role of physical and emotional problems in limiting the life of people and their subjective pain were at the mid-level. A relatively low level was characteristic for the mental and general health of people and their vitality. In 2019, the state of many parameters characterizing the quality of life of the population changed. Physical and social activity of people increased, and the role of physical and emotional problems in limiting their daily life and subjectivepain sensations decreased. However, it was conjoined by the same relatively low level of indicators for mental and general health of people, their vitality.In2012,the state of people’s quality of life influenced the formation of only a few values; Active patriotism, the state of which was determined by all components of people’s quality of life and was a powerful factor in the formation of this value; the significance of Bellicose patriotism was influenced only by the state of people’s physical activity; the significance of hedonistic prosperity and creativity, fundamental values — family and self-preservation — also did not depend on the state of people’s quality of life.In2019,the nature of the quality of life impact on the formation of the value structure of the Russian population changed; its impact on the importance of active patriotism, hedonistic prosperity and self-preservation increased. The quality of life ceased to influence the formation of the significance of bellicose patriotism, its level did not depend on the state of people’s quality of life.Thus,in 2019 the change in the state of the people’s perceived quality of life led to the transformation in the structure of their values. At the same time, a decrease or increase in their importance was influenced by the change of the socio-economic state of people and the international position of Russia, which in turn affected the state of their quality of life. Taken together, these parameters make up the social mechanism for the formation of the value structure of the population of Russia.

A model has been developed for the optimization of the share structure of an investment portfolio in high-tech projects supported by the leaders of the leading industry companies in Russia. Several indicators (financial leverage, integrated rating of companies, industry rating) were applied in the decision support system for the shared distribution of investments. High-tech production is based on innovative technologies for saving resources, the resiliency of systems for transporting and transferring raw materials and finished products within Russia, so the main income will remain within the country. It is possible to export high-tech products, rather than raw materials, which will increase export revenues. Investors will invest in high-tech projects of Russian companies, taking into account the targeting of investment development. The guarantee is the stable financial position of the companies and the competitiveness rating. Methods: The authors propose a new approach that does not contradict modern rating scales, based on a hierarchical rating procedure and fuzzy logical rules that allow you to build an integral rating in the form of portfolio shares from the whole. A higher share shows an indicator of the higher investment attractiveness of companies. The industry rating is obtained based on the principle of the company’s first affiliation to the highest rating indicator. The final minimax portfolio is based on the initial ratings in a circular convolution and is then adjusted by industry. A software package has been compiled that allows the testing of the method of capital allocation between investment projects for the largest companies’ leaders of high-tech industries in Russia. This software uses the author’s method of multi-stage analysis, the evaluation of financial coefficients, the integral ranking and the correction of the solution taking into account the industry attributes. Results: The results are presented with computer-aided design (CAD) in the form of an algorithmized decision support system (DSS). The CAD system is based on a hierarchical algorithm, based on the use of a multi-level redistribution of investment shares of high-tech companies, taking into account the adaptation to the requirements of the return on investment portfolio. When compiling the portfolio, the minimax optimality criterion is applied, which allows the stabilization of the risk by purposefully redistributing funds between the companies involved in the analysis. The authors of the article have compiled an algorithm for the software implementation of the model. Features of the rating approach: the use of the author’s mathematical apparatus, which includes a hierarchical analysis of the ranked indicators of the financial and economic activity of companies, taking into account their priority, and the use of a minimax approach to obtain a rating assessment of companies, taking into account the industry attributes. Development: The proposed approach should be used for targeted financing of large industry companies engaged in the implementation of high-tech projects.

We provide a nonlinear model of intersectoral balance with constant elasticity of substitution (CES) production functions of industries and CES utility function of final consumer for the study of intersectoral linkages in the Kazakhstan economy. The model is formalized in terms of the primal problem of resource allocation and the corresponding Fenchel dual problem which solution gives costs of inputs of industries in a supply network. We identify the model with the actual data of the Input-Output tables of Kazakhstan and estimate the elasticity of substitution of production factors for the aggregated industry complexes. With the help of developed framework, we evaluate the inter-industry financial flows in the aggregated supply network for the period 2013–2020 and compare the results with the actual data of Kazakhstan. The developed framework can be used to support decision-making processes in sustainable supply chain management in a situation of the government economic policy change and external shocks. Using the developed framework, we evaluate the risks for Kazakhstan’s supply chains in scenario of sharp weakening of the national currency.

The present article was prepared as part of the government contract as requested by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation on the subject formulated as «Structural changes in economy and society as a result of achieving the target indicators of National projects, which provide opportunities to organize new areas of social and economic activity, including commercial, both in Russia and abroad» (project No. FSSW-2020-0010).

Designs are presented for casting molds for making hydrocyclone components from plastics in seven standard sizes. The equipment allows to perform a considerable economy in constructional materials and reduce the effort in making hydrocyclones and improves the quality of the surface in the flow sections.