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    Authors: Yevtushenko, Anatolii Oleksandrovych; Tkachuk, Yurii Yakovych;
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  • В работе предлагаются математические модели газовоздушного тракта котла и механизмов собственных нужд ТЭС. С использованием табличных и графических представлений напорных характеристик серийных вентиляторов и дымососов получены эквивалентные соотношения для сети механизмов. Исследована задача нахождения оптимальных параметров управления для группы центробежных механизмов, обеспечивающих работу газовоздушного тракта котла. Исследовано влияние разрежения в топке котла на режим работы его вспомогательных механизмов. Приводятся результаты моделирования для типичных последовательно-параллельных соединений механизмов в гидравлических сетях ТЭС. ; The paper presents a mathematical model for thermal power plant's boiler air-gas flow paths and auxiliaries. With application of production fans' and flue gas extractor fans' head-capacity curves and tables, equivalent relations for the net of the mechanisms are obtained. A problem of determining the optimal control parameters for a group of centrifugal mechanisms in the air-gas path is studied. The effect of the boiler furnace draft on its auxiliaries operation is analyzed. The results of mathematical modeling for typical serial and parallel connections of the mechanisms in the thermal power plant hydraulic network are given.

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  • Показаны недостатки, присущие традиционным конструкциям нагревателей, которые вносят известные несовершенства в технологические процессы, реализуемых с применением электронагрева. Это определяет необходимость разработки принципиально новых конструкций нагревательных устройств. Создана высокотемпературная керамика, отличающейся аномально высокой термостойкостью и выяснены параметры, позволяющие в определенной степени изменять ее коэффициент теплопроводности. На этой основе разработаны керамические нагреватели контактного типа, обеспечивающие направленность тепловых потоков применением разнородных материалов в теле нагревателя – с высокой теплопроводностью, обращенного к теплопередающей поверхности, и низкой, которой отличается оппозитная сторона нагревателя, предназначенная для устранения рассеяния тепла в окружающее пространство. Это дало возможность оснастить современные производства лакокрасочной промышленности энергоэффективным нагревательным оборудованием со взрывопожаробезопасной системой обогрева реакторов. ; The drawbacks of the traditional design of the heaters, which make known imperfections in manufacturing processes, realized with the use of electric heating. This determines the need for a radically new design of the heating devices. Created by high-temperature ceramics, characterized by abnormally high thermal stability and clarified the parameters that allow a certain degree change its thermal conductivity. On this basis the contact type ceramic heaters that provide thermal flow direction using different materials in the body of the heater - of high thermal conductivity, the surface facing the heat transfer and low which differs opposite sides of the heater are designed to eliminate the dissipation of heat into the surrounding space. This made it possible to equip the modern production paint industry energy efficient heating equipment with explosion and fire heating system reactors.

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  • Представлены результаты расчетного исследования пространственного вязкого течения жидкости в проточной части осевой поворотно-лопастной гидротурбины ПЛ20 Кременчугской ГЭС. Моделирование течения выполнено на основе численного интегрирования уравнений Рейнольдса с дополнительным членом, содержащим искусственную сжимаемость. Для учета турбулентных эффектов применена двухпараметрическая модель турбулентности Ментера (SST). Расчеты проведены с помощью программного комплекса IPMflow. Дан анализ структуры потока, осредненных параметров и потерь энергии во всех элементах проточной части гидротурбины при максимальном угле установки лопасти рабочего колеса φ = 35°. ; The results of numerical investigation of spatial flow of viscous incompressible fluid in flow part of Kaplan turbine PL20 Kremenchugskaya HPP are shown. Fluid simulation has been carried out on basis of numerical integration of the Reynolds equations with an additional term containing artificial compressibility. The differential two-parameter model of Menter (SST) is applied to take into account turbulent effects. The numerical integration of the equations is carried out using an implicit quasimonotone Godunov scheme of second-order accuracy on space and time. Discretization of the investigated flow part has been made by using unstructured grid with hexagonal cells, with a total of about 4,5 million. The calculations have been conducted by means of the software system IPMFlow, developed at the IPMach NASU. Analysis of flow pattern and the averaged parameters in the typical cross-sections of spiral case, wicket gate, runner and draft tube is given in the article. The dependence of energy losses in all flow part elements of Kaplan turbine upon operation conditions at maximum setting angle of the runner blade φ = 35° is shown.

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    In the paper we emphasize that the main problems in human development (energy, ecology, food), in the first place, are typical for the food production sector and their solutions are connected with searching for fundamentally new approaches at the thermal processing of raw materials. Prospects of electro-technologies of the targeted energy delivery to single elements of food raw materials are substantiated. Hypotheses for the energy effective processes of dehydration, extraction and inactivation of microorganisms are formulated. On the base of the literature sources analyses and our study of the electromagnetic field interaction with food raw materials, the dimensionless complex – the number of energy action is offered. That number is used for the evaluation of mass-transfer processes energy and its kinetics. The modeling results of analytical and experimental processes for drying and pasteurization processes are represented. The steps of energy conversion in drying technologies are considered. Показано, что основные проблемы развития человечества (энергия, экология, пища) в первую очередь характерны для пищевых отраслей, а их решение связано с поиском принципиально новых подходов к термической обработке сырья. Обоснованы перспективы электротехнологий адресной доставки энергии к отдельным элементам пищевого сырья. Сформулированы гипотезы энергоэффективных процессов обезвоживания, экстрагирования и инактивации микроорганизмов. На основе критического анализа литературных источников и исследования механизмов взаимодействия электромагнитного поля с пищевым сырьем предложен безразмерный комплекс – число энергетического воздействия. Это число использовано для оценки энергетики процессов массопереноса и их кинетики. Представлены результаты аналитического и экспериментального моделирования процессов сушки и пастеризации. Рассмотрены этапы конверсии энергии в сушильных технологиях.

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    Article . 2017
    License: CC BY NC
    Data sources: Datacite
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  • Приведены результаты численного исследования влияния сложного окружного навала лопасти рабочего колеса осевой гидротурбины ПЛ20 навала на характеристики потока в проточной части. Моделирование течения выполнено на основе численного интегрирования уравнений Рейнольдса с дополнительным членом, содержащим искусственную сжимаемость. Для учета турбулентных эффектов применена двухпараметрическая модель турбулентности Ментера (SST). Исследования проведены с использованием программного комплекса IPMFlow. Представлен анализ структуры потока в расчетных областях с учетом и без отсасывающей трубы, а также зависимости значений мощности и КПД проточной части от величины навала при оптимальном режиме работы. ; The results of numerical investigation of the influence of spatial profiling of the runner blade of Kaplan turbine PL20 with the usage of complex circular offset on flow characteristic in flow part are presented. The flow simulation has been carried out on basis of numerical integration of the Reynolds equations with an additional term containing artificial compressibility. The differential two-parameter model of Menter (SST) has been applied to take into account turbulent effects. The investigations have been conducted by means of the software package IPMFlow. The analysis of flow pattern in computational regions with and without the draft tube, as well as dependences of the capacity and efficiency of flow part from offset value at optimum operating condition is presented. It is shown that the application of spatial profiling of the runner blade has improved the efficiency and capacity of flow part of modern hydroturbine more than 0,70 %.

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  • Authors: Lysenko, Olha;

    RU: При статистическом анализе имеющихся метеорологических данных и разработке на их базе математических моделей прогнозирования генерации энергии обычно в качестве исходных данных используют средние дневные, а в некоторых исследованиях среднемесячные значения солнечной радиации, что может негативно влиять на точность прогнозирования. Данная работа посвящена проведению статистического анализа данных солнечной радиации, полученных с Токмакской СЭС Запорожской области, Украина в течение 2016 года, с 30-минутным интервалом измерения. Анализ данных указывает на достаточно близкие значения зимних и летних показателей инсоляции (прямой и рассеянной), с разницей примерно в два раза. Математическое ожидание величины скачков мощности близко к нулю, а их распределение имеет признаки симметрии. Результаты подсчета фактических данных указывают на несколько завышенные показатели элементарных скачков мощности СЭС, чем рассчитанные по квантилю нормального распределения. Таким образом, фактическое распределение соответствует нормальному по параметру симметрии, однако не соответствует по параметрам эксцесса. При увеличении временного диапазона вдвое от 30 минут до 1 часа размах изменений мощности вырастает незначительно. Также анализ метеоданных показал, что вероятность длительного роста или спада мощности невысока, то есть изменение мощности как случайный процесс можно считать близким к стационарному. Выполненный анализ позволяет оценить возможности электроснабжения потребителей рассматриваемого региона от солнечной электростанции, а также построить математическую модель работы комбинированной энергосистемы, использующей солнечную энергию. RO: Analiza statistică a datelor meteorologice şi elaborarea în baza lor a modelelor matematice de prognoză a producerii energiei electrice pentru ce de obicei utilizează în calitate de informaţie primară valorile medii a radiaţiei solare per zi, iar în unele cazuri cele lunare, ce poate influenţa negativ asupra preciţiei prognozei. În această se realizează analiza statistică a radiaţiei ...

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  • Состояние энергетики в современном мире требует непрерывного исследования и внедрения новых технологий. Развитие любой отрасли определяется уровнем подготовки кадров. Поэтому особое внимание следует уделять профессиональной компетенции будущих инженеров – преподавателей-энергетиков, определению роли практической направленности их подготовки, контролю их знаний, умению видеть технические проблемы, разрешать их с учетом современных возможностей науки и техники. ; The state of energy in a modern world requires continuous research and introduction of new technologies. Development of any industry is determined by the level of the personnel training. So it is necessary to spare the special attention to professional jurisdiction of future engineers - teachers-engineering specialists, to determination of role of practical orientation of their preparation control of their knowledge, ability to see technical problems, settle them taking into account modern possibilities of science and technique.

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  • Предложена методика оценки остаточного ресурса изоляции силового трансформатора путем имитационного моделирования прогнозируемых результатов воздействий внешних факторов на состояние изоляции. ; Analysis reveals that all phases of a power transformer life cycle have a significant effect on the isolation resource. The paper introduces a technique for evaluating residual life of power transformer insulation via simulation of predicted results of external factor actions on the transformer insulation condition.

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    У статті обґрунтовано актуальність введення в практику експлуатації насосного обладнання нового виду його випробувань натурних експлуатаційних. Викладено загальні положення, які можуть використовуватися при створенні універсальної методики проведення натурних експлуатаційних випробувань динамічних насосів. При цитуванні документа, використовуйте посилання http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/25137 В статье обоснована актуальность введения в практику эксплуатации насосного оборудования нового вида его испытаний – натурных эксплуатационных. Изложены общие положения, которые могут использоваться при создании универсальной методики проведения натурных эксплуатационных испытаний динамических насосов. При цитировании документа, используйте ссылку http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/25137 The relevance of the introduction of the new type of pumping equipment’s test (full-scale operational test) into the practice of its operation is substantiated in the article. The philosophy of creating the universal technique for full-scale operational test of dynamic pumps is provided When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/25137

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    Authors: Yevtushenko, Anatolii Oleksandrovych; Tkachuk, Yurii Yakovych;
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  • В работе предлагаются математические модели газовоздушного тракта котла и механизмов собственных нужд ТЭС. С использованием табличных и графических представлений напорных характеристик серийных вентиляторов и дымососов получены эквивалентные соотношения для сети механизмов. Исследована задача нахождения оптимальных параметров управления для группы центробежных механизмов, обеспечивающих работу газовоздушного тракта котла. Исследовано влияние разрежения в топке котла на режим работы его вспомогательных механизмов. Приводятся результаты моделирования для типичных последовательно-параллельных соединений механизмов в гидравлических сетях ТЭС. ; The paper presents a mathematical model for thermal power plant's boiler air-gas flow paths and auxiliaries. With application of production fans' and flue gas extractor fans' head-capacity curves and tables, equivalent relations for the net of the mechanisms are obtained. A problem of determining the optimal control parameters for a group of centrifugal mechanisms in the air-gas path is studied. The effect of the boiler furnace draft on its auxiliaries operation is analyzed. The results of mathematical modeling for typical serial and parallel connections of the mechanisms in the thermal power plant hydraulic network are given.

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  • Показаны недостатки, присущие традиционным конструкциям нагревателей, которые вносят известные несовершенства в технологические процессы, реализуемых с применением электронагрева. Это определяет необходимость разработки принципиально новых конструкций нагревательных устройств. Создана высокотемпературная керамика, отличающейся аномально высокой термостойкостью и выяснены параметры, позволяющие в определенной степени изменять ее коэффициент теплопроводности. На этой основе разработаны керамические нагреватели контактного типа, обеспечивающие направленность тепловых потоков применением разнородных материалов в теле нагревателя – с высокой теплопроводностью, обращенного к теплопередающей поверхности, и низкой, которой отличается оппозитная сторона нагревателя, предназначенная для устранения рассеяния тепла в окружающее пространство. Это дало возможность оснастить современные производства лакокрасочной промышленности энергоэффективным нагревательным оборудованием со взрывопожаробезопасной системой обогрева реакторов. ; The drawbacks of the traditional design of the heaters, which make known imperfections in manufacturing processes, realized with the use of electric heating. This determines the need for a radically new design of the heating devices. Created by high-temperature ceramics, characterized by abnormally high thermal stability and clarified the parameters that allow a certain degree change its thermal conductivity. On this basis the contact type ceramic heaters that provide thermal flow direction using different materials in the body of the heater - of high thermal conductivity, the surface facing the heat transfer and low which differs opposite sides of the heater are designed to eliminate the dissipation of heat into the surrounding space. This made it possible to equip the modern production paint industry energy efficient heating equipment with explosion and fire heating system reactors.

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  • Представлены результаты расчетного исследования пространственного вязкого течения жидкости в проточной части осевой поворотно-лопастной гидротурбины ПЛ20 Кременчугской ГЭС. Моделирование течения выполнено на основе численного интегрирования уравнений Рейнольдса с дополнительным членом, содержащим искусственную сжимаемость. Для учета турбулентных эффектов применена двухпараметрическая модель турбулентности Ментера (SST). Расчеты проведены с помощью программного комплекса IPMflow. Дан анализ структуры потока, осредненных параметров и потерь энергии во всех элементах проточной части гидротурбины при максимальном угле установки лопасти рабочего колеса φ = 35°. ; The results of numerical investigation of spatial flow of viscous incompressible fluid in flow part of Kaplan turbine PL20 Kremenchugskaya HPP are shown. Fluid simulation has been carried out on basis of numerical integration of the Reynolds equations with an additional term containing artificial compressibility. The differential two-parameter model of Menter (SST) is applied to take into account turbulent effects. The numerical integration of the equations is carried out using an implicit quasimonotone Godunov scheme of second-order accuracy on space and time. Discretization of the investigated flow part has been made by using unstructured grid with hexagonal cells, with a total of about 4,5 million. The calculations have been conducted by means of the software system IPMFlow, developed at the IPMach NASU. Analysis of flow pattern and the averaged parameters in the typical cross-sections of spiral case, wicket gate, runner and draft tube is given in the article. The dependence of energy losses in all flow part elements of Kaplan turbine upon operation conditions at maximum setting angle of the runner blade φ = 35° is shown.

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    In the paper we emphasize that the main problems in human development (energy, ecology, food), in the first place, are typical for the food production sector and their solutions are connected with searching for fundamentally new approaches at the thermal processing of raw materials. Prospects of electro-technologies of the targeted energy delivery to single elements of food raw materials are substantiated. Hypotheses for the energy effective processes of dehydration, extraction and inactivation of microorganisms are formulated. On the base of the literature sources analyses and our study of the electromagnetic field interaction with food raw materials, the dimensionless complex – the number of energy action is offered. That number is used for the evaluation of mass-transfer processes energy and its kinetics. The modeling results of analytical and experimental processes for drying and pasteurization processes are represented. The steps of energy conversion in drying technologies are considered. Показано, что основные проблемы развития человечества (энергия, экология, пища) в первую очередь характерны для пищевых отраслей, а их решение связано с поиском принципиально новых подходов к термической обработке сырья. Обоснованы перспективы электротехнологий адресной доставки энергии к отдельным элементам пищевого сырья. Сформулированы гипотезы энергоэффективных процессов обезвоживания, экстрагирования и инактивации микроорганизмов. На основе критического анализа литературных источников и исследования механизмов взаимодействия электромагнитного поля с пищевым сырьем предложен безразмерный комплекс – число энергетического воздействия. Это число использовано для оценки энергетики процессов массопереноса и их кинетики. Представлены результаты аналитического и экспериментального моделирования процессов сушки и пастеризации. Рассмотрены этапы конверсии энергии в сушильных технологиях.

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    Article . 2017
    License: CC BY NC
    Data sources: Datacite
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      Article . 2017
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  • Приведены результаты численного исследования влияния сложного окружного навала лопасти рабочего колеса осевой гидротурбины ПЛ20 навала на характеристики потока в проточной части. Моделирование течения выполнено на основе численного интегрирования уравнений Рейнольдса с дополнительным членом, содержащим искусственную сжимаемость. Для учета турбулентных эффектов применена двухпараметрическая модель турбулентности Ментера (SST). Исследования проведены с использованием программного комплекса IPMFlow. Представлен анализ структуры потока в расчетных областях с учетом и без отсасывающей трубы, а также зависимости значений мощности и КПД проточной части от величины навала при оптимальном режиме работы. ; The results of numerical investigation of the influence of spatial profiling of the runner blade of Kaplan turbine PL20 with the usage of complex circular offset on flow characteristic in flow part are presented. The flow simulation has been carried out on basis of numerical integration of the Reynolds equations with an additional term containing artificial compressibility. The differential two-parameter model of Menter (SST) has been applied to take into account turbulent effects. The investigations have been conducted by means of the software package IPMFlow. The analysis of flow pattern in computational regions with and without the draft tube, as well as dependences of the capacity and efficiency of flow part from offset value at optimum operating condition is presented. It is shown that the application of spatial profiling of the runner blade has improved the efficiency and capacity of flow part of modern hydroturbine more than 0,70 %.

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  • Authors: Lysenko, Olha;

    RU: При статистическом анализе имеющихся метеорологических данных и разработке на их базе математических моделей прогнозирования генерации энергии обычно в качестве исходных данных используют средние дневные, а в некоторых исследованиях среднемесячные значения солнечной радиации, что может негативно влиять на точность прогнозирования. Данная работа посвящена проведению статистического анализа данных солнечной радиации, полученных с Токмакской СЭС Запорожской области, Украина в течение 2016 года, с 30-минутным интервалом измерения. Анализ данных указывает на достаточно близкие значения зимних и летних показателей инсоляции (прямой и рассеянной), с разницей примерно в два раза. Математическое ожидание величины скачков мощности близко к нулю, а их распределение имеет признаки симметрии. Результаты подсчета фактических данных указывают на несколько завышенные показатели элементарных скачков мощности СЭС, чем рассчитанные по квантилю нормального распределения. Таким образом, фактическое распределение соответствует нормальному по параметру симметрии, однако не соответствует по параметрам эксцесса. При увеличении временного диапазона вдвое от 30 минут до 1 часа размах изменений мощности вырастает незначительно. Также анализ метеоданных показал, что вероятность длительного роста или спада мощности невысока, то есть изменение мощности как случайный процесс можно считать близким к стационарному. Выполненный анализ позволяет оценить возможности электроснабжения потребителей рассматриваемого региона от солнечной электростанции, а также построить математическую модель работы комбинированной энергосистемы, использующей солнечную энергию. RO: Analiza statistică a datelor meteorologice şi elaborarea în baza lor a modelelor matematice de prognoză a producerii energiei electrice pentru ce de obicei utilizează în calitate de informaţie primară valorile medii a radiaţiei solare per zi, iar în unele cazuri cele lunare, ce poate influenţa negativ asupra preciţiei prognozei. În această se realizează analiza statistică a radiaţiei ...

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  • Состояние энергетики в современном мире требует непрерывного исследования и внедрения новых технологий. Развитие любой отрасли определяется уровнем подготовки кадров. Поэтому особое внимание следует уделять профессиональной компетенции будущих инженеров – преподавателей-энергетиков, определению роли практической направленности их подготовки, контролю их знаний, умению видеть технические проблемы, разрешать их с учетом современных возможностей науки и техники. ; The state of energy in a modern world requires continuous research and introduction of new technologies. Development of any industry is determined by the level of the personnel training. So it is necessary to spare the special attention to professional jurisdiction of future engineers - teachers-engineering specialists, to determination of role of practical orientation of their preparation control of their knowledge, ability to see technical problems, settle them taking into account modern possibilities of science and technique.

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  • Предложена методика оценки остаточного ресурса изоляции силового трансформатора путем имитационного моделирования прогнозируемых результатов воздействий внешних факторов на состояние изоляции. ; Analysis reveals that all phases of a power transformer life cycle have a significant effect on the isolation resource. The paper introduces a technique for evaluating residual life of power transformer insulation via simulation of predicted results of external factor actions on the transformer insulation condition.

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    У статті обґрунтовано актуальність введення в практику експлуатації насосного обладнання нового виду його випробувань натурних експлуатаційних. Викладено загальні положення, які можуть використовуватися при створенні універсальної методики проведення натурних експлуатаційних випробувань динамічних насосів. При цитуванні документа, використовуйте посилання http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/25137 В статье обоснована актуальность введения в практику эксплуатации насосного оборудования нового вида его испытаний – натурных эксплуатационных. Изложены общие положения, которые могут использоваться при создании универсальной методики проведения натурных эксплуатационных испытаний динамических насосов. При цитировании документа, используйте ссылку http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/25137 The relevance of the introduction of the new type of pumping equipment’s test (full-scale operational test) into the practice of its operation is substantiated in the article. The philosophy of creating the universal technique for full-scale operational test of dynamic pumps is provided When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/25137

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