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The article is devoted to the study of theoretical principles and practical aspects of managing relationships with stakeholders of municipal heating companies. The subject of the study is a set of theoretical, methodological and practical aspects for ensuring balanced management of relations with the stakeholders of municipal heating companies. The purpose of the article is to develop theoretical and methodological provisions and substantiate practical recommendations for ensuring a balanced management of these relationships. Tasks of work: to research and systematize the conceptual apparatus of ensuring the management of relations with the stakeholders of municipal heat companies; to justify the organizational principles of managing these relationships; to offer analytical and applied support for managing them on a balanced scorecard. During the research were used methods: abstract-logical analysis, theoretical generalization, systemic and statistical analysis, systemic and statistical analysis, economic-mathematical methods, graphical method. The paper generalizes the economic characteristics of the activity of district heating utilities and develops the directions of development of relations with stakeholders in the process of reforming the housing and municipal services of Ukraine on the basis of the analysis of the efficiency of the municipal heating companies in developed countries of Europe. Strategic directions for the development of district heating utilities by providing balanced stakeholder relationship management are substantiated. Conclusions. It is proposed to use a balanced scorecard, which allows, based on the evaluation of financial and non-financial indicators of enterprise performance, to identify trends of change of each of four key areas of activity to achieve the goal of MHC in meeting the public needs of consumers, profit for the development of the enterprise, ensure the interests of its employees and their satisfaction economic and social needs based on stakeholder reconciliation.

The relevance of the paper is determined by the need to modernize social dialogue in Ukraine as a means of increasing the social responsibility of business organizations and a prerequisite for the country’s sustainable socio-economic development. The paper is aimed at reviewing and systematizing effective practices of modernization of social dialogue, which are revealed in the publications of foreign and Ukrainian scientists, high-ranking officials and public figures. These practices are considered from the standpoint of their expediency and the possibility of their implementation in the processes of social interaction of organizations of employees, employers and public authorities in Ukraine.A review of the foreign experience in organizing social dialogue convincingly demonstrates a fairly high level of efficiency in the European Union, which contributes to achieving a balance of interests of major economic actors, increasing their social responsibility. For Ukraine, it is expedient to introduce the European practice of the so-called broad approach to the organization of social dialogue, which provides for the expansion of its subjects at the expense of representatives of territorial entities, environmental, women’s, youth, cultural and other public organizations. The involvement of local governments, public and NGOs in solving the most important socio-economic problems will contribute to the spread of the practice of differentiating between social and public dialogue. In Ukraine, employee participation in corporate governance should be strengthened, access to shareholder income should be expanded, and institutional tools for regulating the collective bargaining process should be improved.

A circular economy emerged as an alternative transition model, which is considered to be a solution to massive environmental degradation. The transition from a linear economy to a circular economy requires companies to be actively involved in more sustainable practices. For such a transition, companies must rethink, innovate on business models, and encourage sustainability-oriented innovation to deliver customer value, while simultaneously considering environmental and social aspects. On the other hand, the role of the circular economy in energy conservation and infrastructure has not been mapped out in the current literature. This systematic literature review seeks to map out the main interrelated topics of the circular economy and sustainability-oriented innovation, describing internal and external factors that need to be considered in the transition to a clean energy future. Key lines of research are identified, and suggestions for future research and for how to facilitate the movement towards a circular economy are provided. This study contributes to an enhancement of the literature by identifying priority areas regarding the circular economy and sustainability-oriented innovation to encourage future research that contributes to sustainability and environmental preservation.

Organizations in general, and higher education institutions in particular, had to face many challenges during the pandemic in order to carry out their usual activities. Since communications and interactions between universities and students were required to take place online, the messages sent by universities on their social media platforms held greater importance. In this regard, the purpose of the paper was to identify the promotion strategies used by European universities on Facebook and Instagram in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, we were interested in identifying differences and similarities in the types of messages European universities sent on the two social networks, regarding the way they communicated about sustainability. The method used in order to conduct the research was content analysis, while having as an instrument a content analysis grid. We analyzed the activity of 20 European universities included in the World University Rankings 2021. The results of the research revealed that universities communicated more on Facebook than on Instagram, that the most frequent messages regarding sustainability were the ones about the actions carried out by universities in order to protect the environment, and that they registered a higher engagement rate on Instagram than on Facebook.

The price of oil is one of the important macroeconomic indicators because of the extreme importance of supplying oil to different countries of the world to meet their energy needs. As Nigeria’s economy depends on oil prices, the country remains vulnerable to fluctuations in world oil prices. During periods of rising oil prices caused by macroeconomic and political conditions in the international market, the state usually has a positive trade balance, there is an increase in foreign exchange reserves and the revaluation of the national currency. The purpose of the article is to evaluate the relationship between an oil price change and Nigeria’s economic growth rate using regression analysis. The source of statistical information is data from the National Bureau of Statistics, the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation, and the Nigerian Energy Commission. By checking the time series for steady-state using the advanced Dickie-Fuller test, a regression equation is constructed where the dependent variable is represented as the price of oil and the independent variables are key macroeconomic indicators. The econometric model constructed is adequate because the determination coefficient and the adjusted determination coefficient are 0.97 and 0.96 respectively. The Durbin-Watson statistic in the model is 1.98, meaning the model is reliable. Oil price fluctuations have been found to be related to investment, economic growth, and exchange rates, as well as to inflation. The paper argues that the use of the shock of oil prices should be supported, as it promotes economic growth and is not inflationary. Therefore, the authors believe that the government, which is the main beneficiary of cash, should also implement strategies that counterbalance the propensity for the economic downturn. Based on the analysis, a set of priority measures was proposed: enhancing financial liberalization, combating corruption, transparency of government activities, creating an open currency market, and developing non-inflationary monetary and fiscal strategies. Keywords: oil price, macroeconomic variables, energy needs, Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, Dickie-Fuller Extended Test, Petroleum Exporters.

In the past few decades, the ever-increasing dynamics of international migration flows can be observed. At this stage, the governments of major countries in the world are striving to balance the needs of their citizens and the support of immigrants. The paper analyzes factors that affect the immigration policies of various countries and determines the role of ecological factors (such as environmental conditions). The objective of the study is to predict the immigration policies of different countries of the world based on the analysis of the influencing factors, including environmental performance. The research method is based on the use of the RapidMiner software package to build two decision tree models and a static index database of more than 150 countries around the world. The results show that in most cases, the immigration policies of various countries will focus on maintaining the current level of immigration and increasing the number of skilled workers. At the same time, one of the key decision-making factors will be the country’s current immigration level, environmental performance, GDP per capita, and the Education index. One of the main conclusions is that the country’s environmental indicators have begun to become one of the priority values that determine the state immigration policy. This can be explained by the rising global community interest in the challenges of climate change.

The purpose of the study was to assess the efficiency and accessibility of microcredits for small Ukrainian enterprises and to justify the feasibility of strengthening government contributions in lending to ensure the sustainable development of small businesses. Indicators for evaluating the efficiency and accessibility of microcredits are systematized. Methodological approaches to assessing the efficiency of lending for the creation and development of microenterprises have been improved. A model for evaluating the efficiency of microcredits aimed at the survival of microenterprises in a deteriorating environment was developed. It has been revealed that the level of efficiency of microcredit creation for firms in some time intervals depends quadratically on the share of microcredits in the total amount of funds directed to the creation of firms. A linear relationship between the relative amount of credit received and the growth rate of firms’ assets has also been established. However, there is no significant impact of the microcredit’s amount on labor productivity. A method has been developed for evaluating the budgetary efficiency of microcredits when such a lending is carried out using funds from state or local budgets. It was found that improving these lending conditions through budget financing can significantly increase its attractiveness for microenterprises without significantly reducing the budgetary efficiency of microcredits. This article substantiates the need to strengthen state support for microcrediting of small Ukrainian enterprises in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

The article examines the problem of increasing air pollution from moving vehicles in Ukraine relying on the European experience of dealing with the problem. The System Dynamic method is used to build a feebate model to decrease the air pollution in Ukraine on the basis of P’HAPI framework. To lessen CO2 emissions, the authors introduce a feebate program that is the alternative to environmental taxes and fiscal ways to stimulate purchases of electric cars in Ukraine. The model suggests that fees for diesel, gasoline, or hybrid car are paid annually, whereas the rebate is paid once at the purchase time of a new pure electric vehicle. The feebate fund uses initial investment from government to launch its work; fees and interest earned are used to pay the rebates. The conducted analysis and the realization of System Dynamics model allowed to develop an effective programme that lasts 6 years from 2018 till 2024, increases the market share of electric cars, reduces the share of diesel and gasoline cars and results in significant decrease of the level of CO2 emissions and air pollution. Several important obstacles on the way to implement the policy are mentioned in the article, namely legislative, administrative, social, informational, and infrastructural. The results of this research can be used when making management decisions by state regulators. The feebate policy turned out to be promising as it offers an alternative to taxation and a perspective way to promote better environmental regulation in transportation.