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The errors between the design parameters and experiment data of the power transformer in idle mode can reach 15-20% or more, because engineering techniques do not take into account in full all factors. Therefore, the aim of the work is to develop improved circuit models, which are interconnected with spatial electromagnetic field models. These models consider the active part design of the transformer, the hysteresis of the nonlinear magnetic properties of electrical steel, asymmetry and non-sinusoidal phase-to-phase currents and provide high accuracy determination of rated idling parameters of transformer. To research the idle mode of transformer, the circuit models were conjugated with 3D and 2D magnetic field models. Their numerical implementation was carried out by means of finite element method on the example of a three-phase power transformer (10 kVA, 380/220 V). The reduction of the computational time was performed by doubling cancellation of the volume of 3D three-phase transformer domain and the conformal transition to the 2D geometric domain. Determination of the effective magnetic characteristics of electrical steel according to single-phase idling experiment data, allows to take into account the combined effect of hysteresis and eddy currents, design and technological factors on the specific losses and magnetization power. This ensures high accuracy of the description of the interrelation between magnetic flux density and magnetic field strength, reducing of current error and relative errors in the calculation of idling losses up to 1.41% and 1.2% for the 3D model and up to 5.18% and 3.2% for the 2D model.

Today, the significant volumes of network traffic circulate through the Internet. The sources of such traffic are, in particular, the diverse territory distributed “smart” devices. The number of named devices is about billions. As a consequence, the relevance of bringing to practice the core concepts of the Internet of Things paradigm is constantly becoming more and more topical. It’s bound with the problem of granting the interoperability between the components of distributed software systems, built over the aforementioned devices. The web services are typically considered as the components of the system. To this end, to establish the interoperability between the components, despite the standardization, the need for the development of effective tools and techniques, granting the interoperability between the web services, arises. The goal of the work is to increase the effectiveness of the Internet of Things system engineering process by way of checking the interoperability between the components during the designing. The goal is achieved through the development of formal model for checking the interoperability between the components of the Internet of Things system by way of model checking in an automated manner. The novelty of proposed solution is grounded on the usage of Temporal Logic of Actions, corresponding formalism and the concept of action as the basis for compact and easily reconfigurable formal specifications synthesis. The adequacy of proposed model has been proved through the case study. The verification-related time costs have been estimated.

'Sustainability is not simply about changing practices but more centrally about agreeing to change practices together' (Flanagan et al. 2011). To achieve such ends, groups need to improve processes for making complex decisions together. The challenge faced recently in Copenhagen (including a large number of diverse participants in policy discussions) indicates the need for new ways to improve discursive democracy. Poverty and climate change are 'wicked' problems (Rittel and Webber 1984) that comprise many diverse interrelated variables and that have a strong value and emotional dimension. The shortcomings of many approaches to these problems is that they are expert driven, do not involve the public in decision making, and have a narrow focus on technical issues. They do not consider issues in terms of their interrelated complexity with human cultural issues and values. This paper addresses the transboundary conundrum of how to address complex social and environmental challenges while engaging with people's diverse values and emotions.

Because of high level of swamping in West Siberia and a sparse network of hydrometeorological stations, monitoring of hydrological regime is hindered. In such a situation, it is necessary to involve model reanalysis and satellite altimetry data that ensure the regular coverage of the whole West Siberian Plain, making it possible to supplement field studies and to considerably expand the area of research. This determines the relevance of the thesis. Chapter 1 describes the physic and geographic factors that determined the evolution of the West Siberian Plain; chapter 2 is devoted to methods used in the study; the analysis of trends of air temperature and precipitation is presented in the 3rd chapter as well as the estimation of temporal variability of moisture regime of watersheds from satellite altimetry. The originality of the thesis is to apply satellite altimetry data for estimation of spatiotemporal variability of flooded zones based on the analysis of a reflected signal. ; Le caractère fortement marécageux du territoire de la Sibérie Occidentale et la rareté des stations d'observations hydrométéorologiques compliquent le suivi du régime hydrologique des bassins versants. Dans une telle situation, la prise en compte des données de ré-analyse météorologique et d'altimétrie satellitaires, assurant une couverture régulière de l'ensemble du territoire étudié, permet de compléter les observations in situ et d'élargir considérablement la portée des recherches, ce qui détermine la pertinence de ce travail. Le premier chapitre décrit les principaux facteurs physiques et géographiques qui ont déterminé le développement de la zone d'étude ; le deuxième chapitre est consacré aux méthodes d'étude; le troisième chapitre présente les résultats d'analyse de la variabilité des caractéristiques climatiques et hydrologiques dans les bassins fluviaux. L'originalité de cette thèse est d'appliquer une nouvelle approche de la quantité d'eau de la zone étudiée.

This is the Russian part of an Oxfam International project called the Human Cost of Climate Change which consisted of a global report, case studies and a range of other tools to be used to build national campaigning capacity in different countries. The overall piece of work highlighted why Oxfam is working on climate change. Voices from all over the world are saying the same thing: climate change is happening now, and it kills. It destroys livelihoods and it affects millions of poor people with every year that passes. Our evidence is also backed up by the latest science, outlined in this report, where the worst-case scenarios are already being realised, making the case for why political inaction is not an option. Climate Change: Stories of Witnesses is comprised of articles written by Russian environmental journalists from 12 regions of Russia depicting the stories of real people providing evidence that climate change is here and now and already has an impact on the Russian territory. The report was developed in alliance with the Guild of Environmental Media, a non-for-profit organization uniting journalists from all over Russia. The articles are stories about people: ethnic Russians and indigenous people who are themselves giving evidence of impacts of climate change.

International audience ; Most modern approaches to clinical diagnosis of human cancers allow the detection of tumors at a certain stage of development. The standard principles of malignant tumor detection are limited by the set of classical methods: biochemical and immunological detection of tumor markers, morphological and immunohistochemical examination of tissue biopsies, and instrumental methods. Recent development of ultrasensitive multiplexed systems for detection of antibodies against tumor antigens has been proved to be effective for early and timely diagnosis of the disease. The successful development of production technologies and application of suspension multiplexed systems based on fluorescent nanocrystals (quantum dots, QDs) holds considerable promise for solving the urgent problem of early cancer diagnostics. Compared to conventional organic fluorophores, QDs have distinctive advantages, including a high brightness, a narrow and symmetrical fluorescence spectrum, the possibility to use a single light source for excitation of QDs of different colors, a high photostability, and the possibility of two-photon excitation. Due to their unique spectral properties, QDs can be used as efficient donors in FRET to an available acceptor. This makes it possible to significantly improve the specificity and sensitivity of the diagnostic system. In addition, the prospects of using QD-based suspension systems in clinical proteomics have been recently demonstrated. This review summarizes recent advances in the development and applications of detection systems based on fluorescent nanocrystals and the prospects of the application of these systems to early multiplexed diagnostics of cancer in the near future. ; Современные подходы к клинической диагностике раковых заболеваний человека в большинстве случаев позволяют детектировать патологию уже на определенной стадии ее развития. Стандартные принципы детекции злокачественных новообразований ограничены набором классических методов: биохимическое и иммунологическое ...

Because of high level of swamping in West Siberia and a sparse network of hydrometeorological stations, monitoring of hydrological regime is hindered. In such a situation, it is necessary to involve model reanalysis and satellite altimetry data that ensure the regular coverage of the whole West Siberian Plain, making it possible to supplement field studies and to considerably expand the area of research. This determines the relevance of the thesis. Chapter 1 describes the physic and geographic factors that determined the evolution of the West Siberian Plain; chapter 2 is devoted to methods used in the study; the analysis of trends of air temperature and precipitation is presented in the 3rd chapter as well as the estimation of temporal variability of moisture regime of watersheds from satellite altimetry. The originality of the thesis is to apply satellite altimetry data for estimation of spatiotemporal variability of flooded zones based on the analysis of a reflected signal. Le caractère fortement marécageux du territoire de la Sibérie Occidentale et la rareté des stations d'observations hydrométéorologiques compliquent le suivi du régime hydrologique des bassins versants. Dans une telle situation, la prise en compte des données de ré-analyse météorologique et d'altimétrie satellitaires, assurant une couverture régulière de l'ensemble du territoire étudié, permet de compléter les observations in situ et d'élargir considérablement la portée des recherches, ce qui détermine la pertinence de ce travail. Le premier chapitre décrit les principaux facteurs physiques et géographiques qui ont déterminé le développement de la zone d'étude ; le deuxième chapitre est consacré aux méthodes d'étude; le troisième chapitre présente les résultats d'analyse de la variabilité des caractéristiques climatiques et hydrologiques dans les bassins fluviaux. L'originalité de cette thèse est d'appliquer une nouvelle approche de la quantité d'eau de la zone étudiée.

Our article focuses on the essence, characteristics, and the structure of the labor potential of the region as well as its role in socio-economic development, territorial and environmental characteristics of labor resources and mechanisms for the reproduction of labor potential. Our results are based on a conceptual and methodological review of foreign and domestic sources. Perspective directions of labor resources research manifest such common features as the assessment of migration risks, the influence of globalization factors, forecasting the dependence of labor productivity at the regional level on market factors, climatic conditions, insurance mechanisms, and other factors. We conclude that research activity directed at human resources of the regions and their qualitative and quantitative properties is extremely high. Moreover, we note a high level of interest of scientists to the problem of labor potential at the micro, meso and macro level in Russian Federation. Our paper pays special attention to the analysis of existing approaches to methods for assessing the labor potential of the region, as proposed by Russian researchers and applied in the Russian Federation. Moreover, it considers the features of the main methodological approaches, studies their classification, as well as the technology of evaluation depending on the research tasks and objectives. We describe the method used for measuring the labor potential of a region on the basis of the index method which allows us to take into account its specific conditions of its reproduction and use at the regional level, as well as to conduct reasonable comparative assessments. In addition, we present our own calculations carried out on the basis of the proposed method and employing the state and the level of development of labor potential in the North Caucasus and Southern Caucasus federal districts, as well as in the Russian Federation as a whole.