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Abstract The article discusses the formulation and solution of scientific, theoretical, and practical problems in the field of land reclamation of irrigated lands in general and, in particular, the protection of land reclamation facilities and the territory of cities and settlements from the effects of groundwater. In the Aral Sea basin, due to the intensive commissioning of new irrigated areas and various types of hydraulic structures (reservoir, village storage, canals, etc.), on a large scale, there is a violation of the natural laws of the regime and balance of groundwater. As a result of the hydrotechnical impact on water resources, the usual “losses” affecting the water balance and runoff, in the initial stage of their formation, cause processes such as flooding and flooding of adjacent territories, excessive wetting of non-irrigated lands and worsen the operation of reclamation projects. The open collector-drainage network existing around the land reclamation projects and cities does not provide a normal outflow of groundwater; its maintenance into a working and sanitary state requires large capital expenditures. High groundwater level with high salinity leads to the destruction of the basement of buildings and structures, the complete flooding of groundwater communications, the death of green spaces. According to some available data, losses incurred from exposure to aggressive groundwater in a number of cities in Uzbekistan range from 2.5 to 10 million dollars. The objects of reclamation control are established depending on the main factor determining the reclamation state of irrigated lands, on the degree of their natural drained. Essential criteria for determining the relationship of groundwater with soil – soils and their influence on the reclamation state of irrigated lands are the depth of groundwater table and the degree of mineralization, as well as their seasonal and long-term regime. The presented dissertation is devoted to the study of this insufficiently solved problem. Scientific and technical solutions to this problem are considered on the example of the built-up areas of irrigated areas of the Republic of Uzbekistan, where there are problems of engineering protection from the negative effects of groundwater.

Although ICT has played a critical role in the socio-economic growth of human cultures, it has also brought with it significant environmental risks. Nevertheless, scholars remain divided on this topic; some believe that ICT has had a positive influence on the quality of the environment, while others believe that ICT has created major environmental issues. Hence, this research is another effort to assess the effects of ICT on CO2 emissions in the top 10 ICT nations (Denmark, Japan, Luxemburg, South Korea, Netherlands, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom) using a dataset from the period between 1986Q1 and 2019Q4. All prior studies have established symmetric association between ICT and CO2. As a result, we applied the novel non-parametric approaches (quantile-on-quantile regression and Granger causality in quantile) to assess this association. The findings from the QQR uncovered that in the majority of the quantiles, for Denmark, Japan, Luxemburg, Netherland, Norway, Sweden, United Kingdom and Switzerland, the effect of ICT on CO2 emissions is negative, while in the majority of the quantiles, the effect of ICT on CO2 emissions is positive for the Netherlands, South Korea, and Iceland. Furthermore, we applied the novel Granger causality in the quantiles approach and the outcomes provided evidence of bidirectional causality between CO2 emissions and ICT in all the selected nations. The study proposes that sustainable ICT should be used to improve carbon reduction and energy savings potential by optimizing other industries, including managing and monitoring energy usage.

The primary aspiration of this paper is to learn about the effects of economic growth, energy consumption, agriculture and irrigation water consumption and agriculture productivity on environmental pollution in five countries of Central Asia. The data cover the period from 1992 to 2020 by applying panel data models, namely the Panel FMOLS, Panel DOLS and Panel ARDL-PMG approaches. The results indicate that there is a positive long-term impact of economic growth, water productivity, energy consumption and electricity production on CO2 emissions while agriculture value added and trade openness have a negative and statistically significant influence on CO2 emissions in Central Asia. Country specific short-run coefficients from Panel ARDL reveal that energy consumption is the main driver for rise in the level of CO2 emissions in the countries under the study. Indeed, country level analysis generates unique nexus correlation among agriculture, energy and environmental degradation in each country of Central Asia.

In Modern era, the Researchers are keenly interested in different areas of green financing projects such as green economics, green trade, green sustainable development activities, green climatic and environment quests, green investment and financial ventures, and green public policy-related topics, respectively. Owing to the lower cost of production for sustainable development, a healthy climate, and a neat environment is needed, this study is structured to build the significant relationship between various green sustainable development projects, the financial effectiveness and performance of PSX and NYSX, respectively. For this purpose, the time series data for 2000–2020 are collected from IFS, WBI, SBP, the Federal Reserve system, S&DP, and the UNDP financial reports. The empirical analysis reveals the insignificant effects of green investment, financial projects, public policies, and social green projects on the financial performance of PSX, whereas the empirical modeling also attests that all the green factors significantly affect the performance of NYSX except the green economic and trading projects and renewable energy green projects, which are insignificant predictors with respect to FIP-NYSX. Moreover, the index for human development insignificantly affects the prediction of FIP-NYSX. The mixed empirical results guide policymakers, the board of PSX and NYSX, and the management of green financing companies to reconsider their policies and objectives with respect to successful green operations and the financial performance of PSX and NYSX.

The article discusses alternatives to the development of the common electricity market of the Eurasian Economic Union countries. In the study, the authors identified three tasks: to analyze the process of forming a unified energy market for the EAEU countries; to assess the achievability of indicators of “greening” the economy of the EAEU countries according to the adopted Millennium Goals by 2025 and 2030; and to consider the impact of various factors on the development of the common electricity market of the Eurasian Economic Union countries in the conditions of the current economic crisis. The research hypothesis suggests that the energy unification of the countries will not lead to the abandonment of the use of traditional energy resources, but the need to increase the efficiency and environmental friendliness of their use will come into focus, and the active inclusion of the electric power industry in modern global “green” trends based on the development of renewable energy generation sectors will make it possible to solve the problems of energy security of countries more effectively in the long-term participants of the CEM. The authors believe that it is not a deficit but on the contrary an excess of traditional energy resources that provides a trend of progressive movement towards a “green” economy, and the manifestations of the “Dutch disease” with a properly structured state energy policy and effectively selected incentive measures cannot serve as a significant brake on this movement. At the same time, the formation of a common electricity market of the EAEU countries should prioritize not just the idea of integration but also the idea of creating an alternative electricity market based on the introduction of modern electricity generation technologies and the creation of conditions that stimulate the development of alternative energy.

Quicklime is a mixture of pieces of different sizes formed after coarse grinding of the fried product. According to its chemical composition, it is a mixture of calcium and magnesium oxides, the main composition of which is CaO. In small quantities, it may contain undecomposed calcium carbonate, as well as silicates, aluminates and ferrites of calcium and magnesium, formed during the interaction of clay and quartz sand with calcium and magnesium oxides. Quicklime ground lime is a powder product of fine grinding of lump lime. The formulation of the bitumen-replacing mixture consists of the following components, such as oil sludge, gossypol resin, quicklime and technical sulfur. Oil sludge is the most significant waste of the oil industry in terms of mass. A waste disposal methodology towards obtaining a bitumen-replacing mixture for the use of insulating and roofing coatings was created. According to the results, comparative tests of pilot batches of building bitumen -replacing mixture in terms of physical and mechanical characteristics in accordance with State standards 6617-76 showed that almost all 4 experimental batches of building bitumen -replacing mixture gave good performance. However, the experimental batch #4 changed stability and increased bitumen brittleness when 4% quicklime was added. After the test, the experimental batch #3 received good indicators of stability and brittleness.

Financial globalization has been argued to contribute to the increase/decrease in greenhouse gases and hence global temperature. India, according to International Energy Agency (IEA), is the third largest emitter of greenhouse gases globally, where the consumption of the few rich produces about seven times carbon emissions when compared with the poorest households. This current research explores the asymmetric effect of financial globalization on carbon emissions, while controlling for non-renewable energy utilization, renewable energy consumption, and economic expansion. The study uses yearly data stretching from 1970 to 2018 and batteries of econometric approaches in order to investigate these associations. The outcomes of the NARDL unveiled that (i) a positive (negative) shock in non-renewable energy utilization increases (decrease) carbon emissions; (ii) favorable (unfavorable) variations in renewable energy consumption decrease carbon emissions; (iii) a favorable shock in financial development contributes to carbon emissions; and (iv) a positive shock in growth impacts carbon emissions positively. Based on the empirical outcomes, we are of the opinion that policymakers should intensify efforts in putting in place appropriate environmental policy (green economy) that emphasizes the importance of renewable driven economy via energy-saving and energy-efficient technologies. Else, increased consumption on non-renewable energy sources among the few rich in India and any other countries struggling with implementing green economy would be devastating to both the immediate and future generations.

This research addresses three major problems currently confronting our globe. These problems are the pending energy crisis, the environmental degradation due to waste and the environmental degradation due to the continuous generation of greenhouse gas emissions.