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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 2012 AustraliaPublisher:Cambridge University Press (CUP) Fadli, Nur; Campbell, Stuart J.; Ferguson, Kathryn; Keyse, Jude; Rudi, Edi; Riedel, Arthur; Baird, Andrew H.;AbstractWe describe the successful creation of new reef habitat on Pulau Weh, Indonesia. Coral cover on artificial reef modules increased from a mean of 24±SE 2.4% 1 year after the initial attachment of Acropora spp. coral fragments to 64±SE 4.8% after 3 years. The artificial reef modules were also rapidly colonized by coral recruits. Recruit densities were 53±SE 3.2 m−2 on modules that had been submerged for only 1 year, nearly twice as high as recruit densities on natural reef substratum (31±2.8 m−2). Consequently, the original Acropora assemblage had increased to include at least 23 coral taxa, including 10 additional Acropora species. The artificial reefs also supported at least 29 reef fish species, from 11 families. Unfortunately, this initial success in habitat creation was abruptly halted by a rapid rise in sea temperature in May 2010 that killed almost all corals on the artificial reefs and on nearby natural reefs. Notwithstanding the general view that reef rehabilitation is yet to deliver ecological and conservation benefits at meaningful scales, other benefits of this project included raising the awareness of reef conservation in the local community, promotion of tourism on Pulau Weh and job creation. We conclude, therefore, that habitat creation has a legitimate role as part of an integrated marine conservation strategy.
Oryx arrow_drop_down James Cook University, Australia: ResearchOnline@JCUArticle . 2012Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)The University of Queensland: UQ eSpaceArticle . 2012Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1017/s0030605312000142&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eumore_vert Oryx arrow_drop_down James Cook University, Australia: ResearchOnline@JCUArticle . 2012Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)The University of Queensland: UQ eSpaceArticle . 2012Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1017/s0030605312000142&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2012 AustraliaPublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Michelle J. Paddack; Tim R. McClanahan; Joseph Maina; Stuart Campbell; C. Mark Eakin; Scott F. Heron; Scott F. Heron; Peter J. Mumby; Jeffrey Maynard; Andrew C. Baker; Elizabeth Mcleod; Emily S. Darling; M. Aaron MacNeil; Nicholas A. J. Graham; Carolyn J. Lundquist; B I Jahson Alemu; Simon D. Donner; Stacy D. Jupiter; Maria Beger; Elizabeth R. Selig; Robert van Woesik;pmid: 22952618
pmc: PMC3430673
La gestion des récifs coralliens pour la résilience au changement climatique est un concept populaire, mais il a été difficile à mettre en œuvre car les preuves scientifiques empiriques n'ont pas été évaluées ou ne sont parfois pas favorables à la théorie, ce qui conduit à l'incertitude lors de l'examen des méthodes et de l'identification des récifs prioritaires. Nous avons demandé à des experts et examiné la littérature scientifique pour obtenir des conseils sur les multiples facteurs physiques et biologiques qui affectent la capacité des récifs coralliens à résister et à se remettre des perturbations climatiques. Onze facteurs clés pour éclairer les décisions basées sur la mise à l'échelle des preuves scientifiques et la faisabilité de la quantification des facteurs ont été identifiés. Les facteurs importants pour la résistance et la récupération, qui sont des composantes importantes de la résilience, n'étaient pas fortement liés et devraient être évalués de manière indépendante. L'abondance d'espèces coralliennes résistantes (tolérantes à la chaleur) et la variabilité des températures passées ont été perçues comme offrant la plus grande résistance au changement climatique, tandis que les taux de recrutement des coraux et l'abondance des macroalgues ont été les plus influents dans le processus de rétablissement. Sur la base des 11 facteurs clés, nous avons testé un cadre fondé sur des données probantes pour la résilience au changement climatique dans une aire marine protégée indonésienne. Les résultats suggèrent que notre cadre pondéré par les preuves a amélioré les méthodes non pondérées existantes en termes de caractérisation de la résilience et de distinction des sites prioritaires. L'évaluation soutient le concept selon lequel, malgré une grande complexité écologique, relativement peu de variables fortes peuvent être importantes pour influencer la dynamique des écosystèmes. Il s'agit de la première évaluation rigoureuse des facteurs favorisant la résilience des récifs coralliens en fonction de leur importance perçue, des preuves empiriques et de la faisabilité de la mesure. Il y avait peu de différences entre les perceptions des scientifiques de l'importance des facteurs et les preuves scientifiques trouvées dans les publications de revues, mais d'autres études d'impact avant et après seront nécessaires pour tester pleinement la validité de tous les facteurs. Les méthodes ici augmenteront la faisabilité et la défensibilité d'inclure des mesures clés de résilience dans les évaluations des récifs coralliens, ainsi que de réduire les coûts. Adaptation, aires marines protégées, établissement des priorités, résistance, récupération. La gestión de los arrecifes de coral para la resiliencia al cambio climático es un concepto popular, pero ha sido difícil de implementar porque la evidencia científica empírica no se ha evaluado o, a veces, no respalda la teoría, lo que genera incertidumbre al considerar los métodos e identificar los arrecifes prioritarios. Pedimos a expertos y revisamos la literatura científica para obtener orientación sobre los múltiples factores físicos y biológicos que afectan la capacidad de los arrecifes de coral para resistir y recuperarse de las perturbaciones climáticas. Se identificaron once factores clave para informar las decisiones basadas en la evidencia científica a escala y la viabilidad de cuantificar los factores. Los factores importantes para la resistencia y la recuperación, que son componentes importantes de la resiliencia, no estaban fuertemente relacionados y deben evaluarse de forma independiente. Se percibió que la abundancia de especies de coral resistentes (tolerantes al calor) y la variabilidad de la temperatura pasada proporcionaban la mayor resistencia al cambio climático, mientras que las tasas de reclutamiento de coral y la abundancia de macroalgas fueron las más influyentes en el proceso de recuperación. Con base en los 11 factores clave, probamos un marco basado en evidencia para la resiliencia al cambio climático en un área marina protegida de Indonesia. Los resultados sugieren que nuestro marco ponderado por la evidencia mejoró los métodos no ponderados existentes en términos de caracterizar la resiliencia y distinguir los sitios prioritarios. La evaluación respalda el concepto de que, a pesar de la alta complejidad ecológica, relativamente pocas variables fuertes pueden ser importantes para influir en la dinámica de los ecosistemas. Esta es la primera evaluación rigurosa de los factores que promueven la resiliencia de los arrecifes de coral en función de su importancia percibida, la evidencia empírica y la viabilidad de la medición. Hubo pocas diferencias entre las percepciones de los científicos sobre la importancia de los factores y la evidencia científica que se encuentra en las publicaciones de revistas, pero se requerirán más estudios antes y después del impacto para probar completamente la validez de todos los factores. Los métodos aquí mencionados aumentarán la viabilidad y la defendibilidad de incluir métricas clave de resiliencia en las evaluaciones de los arrecifes de coral, así como reducirán los costos. Adaptación, áreas marinas protegidas, priorización, resistencia, recuperación. Managing coral reefs for resilience to climate change is a popular concept but has been difficult to implement because the empirical scientific evidence has either not been evaluated or is sometimes unsupportive of theory, which leads to uncertainty when considering methods and identifying priority reefs. We asked experts and reviewed the scientific literature for guidance on the multiple physical and biological factors that affect the ability of coral reefs to resist and recover from climate disturbance. Eleven key factors to inform decisions based on scaling scientific evidence and the achievability of quantifying the factors were identified. Factors important to resistance and recovery, which are important components of resilience, were not strongly related, and should be assessed independently. The abundance of resistant (heat-tolerant) coral species and past temperature variability were perceived to provide the greatest resistance to climate change, while coral recruitment rates, and macroalgae abundance were most influential in the recovery process. Based on the 11 key factors, we tested an evidence-based framework for climate change resilience in an Indonesian marine protected area. The results suggest our evidence-weighted framework improved upon existing un-weighted methods in terms of characterizing resilience and distinguishing priority sites. The evaluation supports the concept that, despite high ecological complexity, relatively few strong variables can be important in influencing ecosystem dynamics. This is the first rigorous assessment of factors promoting coral reef resilience based on their perceived importance, empirical evidence, and feasibility of measurement. There were few differences between scientists' perceptions of factor importance and the scientific evidence found in journal publications but more before and after impact studies will be required to fully test the validity of all the factors. The methods here will increase the feasibility and defensibility of including key resilience metrics in evaluations of coral reefs, as well as reduce costs. Adaptation, marine protected areas, priority setting, resistance, recovery. تعد إدارة الشعاب المرجانية من أجل المرونة في مواجهة تغير المناخ مفهومًا شائعًا ولكن كان من الصعب تنفيذه لأن الأدلة العلمية التجريبية إما لم يتم تقييمها أو أنها في بعض الأحيان غير داعمة للنظرية، مما يؤدي إلى عدم اليقين عند النظر في الأساليب وتحديد الشعاب المرجانية ذات الأولوية. طلبنا من الخبراء وراجعنا الأدبيات العلمية للحصول على إرشادات حول العوامل الفيزيائية والبيولوجية المتعددة التي تؤثر على قدرة الشعاب المرجانية على المقاومة والتعافي من اضطرابات المناخ. تم تحديد أحد عشر عاملاً رئيسياً لتوجيه القرارات بناءً على قياس الأدلة العلمية وإمكانية تحقيق القياس الكمي للعوامل. لم تكن العوامل المهمة للمقاومة والتعافي، والتي تعد مكونات مهمة للمرونة، مرتبطة ارتباطًا وثيقًا، ويجب تقييمها بشكل مستقل. كان يُنظر إلى وفرة الأنواع المرجانية المقاومة (المقاومة للحرارة) وتقلب درجات الحرارة في الماضي على أنها توفر أكبر مقاومة لتغير المناخ، في حين كانت معدلات تجنيد المرجان ووفرة الطحالب الكلية أكثر تأثيرًا في عملية التعافي. استنادًا إلى العوامل الرئيسية الأحد عشر، اختبرنا إطارًا قائمًا على الأدلة لمرونة تغير المناخ في منطقة محمية بحرية إندونيسية. تشير النتائج إلى أن إطارنا المرجح بالأدلة قد تحسن على الأساليب غير المرجحة الحالية من حيث توصيف المرونة وتمييز المواقع ذات الأولوية. يدعم التقييم المفهوم القائل بأنه على الرغم من التعقيد البيئي الكبير، إلا أن عددًا قليلاً نسبيًا من المتغيرات القوية يمكن أن يكون مهمًا في التأثير على ديناميكيات النظام الإيكولوجي. هذا هو أول تقييم دقيق للعوامل التي تعزز مرونة الشعاب المرجانية بناءً على أهميتها المتصورة والأدلة التجريبية وجدوى القياس. كانت هناك اختلافات قليلة بين تصورات العلماء لأهمية العوامل والأدلة العلمية الموجودة في منشورات المجلات ولكن ستكون هناك حاجة إلى المزيد قبل دراسات التأثير وبعدها لاختبار صحة جميع العوامل بشكل كامل. ستزيد الطرق هنا من الجدوى وإمكانية الدفاع عن تضمين مقاييس المرونة الرئيسية في تقييمات الشعاب المرجانية، بالإضافة إلى تقليل التكاليف. التكيف، والمناطق البحرية المحمية، وتحديد الأولويات، والمقاومة، والتعافي.
James Cook Universit... arrow_drop_down James Cook University, Australia: ResearchOnline@JCUArticle . 2012Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)The University of Queensland: UQ eSpaceArticle . 2012Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0042884&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eumore_vert James Cook Universit... arrow_drop_down James Cook University, Australia: ResearchOnline@JCUArticle . 2012Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)The University of Queensland: UQ eSpaceArticle . 2012Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0042884&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2015 Argentina, United Kingdom, Fiji, ArgentinaPublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Soler, German A.; Edgar, Graham J.; Thomson, Russell J.; Kininmonth, Stuart; Campbell, Stuart J.; Dawson, Terence P.; Barrett, Neville S.; Bernard, Anthony T.F.; Galván, David E.; Willis, Trevor J.; Alexander, Timothy J.; Stuart-Smith, Rick D.;pmid: 26461104
pmc: PMC4603671
Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) offer a unique opportunity to test the assumption that fishing pressure affects some trophic groups more than others. Removal of larger predators through fishing is often suggested to have positive flow-on effects for some lower trophic groups, in which case protection from fishing should result in suppression of lower trophic groups as predator populations recover. We tested this by assessing differences in the trophic structure of reef fish communities associated with 79 MPAs and open-access sites worldwide, using a standardised quantitative dataset on reef fish community structure. The biomass of all major trophic groups (higher carnivores, benthic carnivores, planktivores and herbivores) was significantly greater (by 40% - 200%) in effective no-take MPAs relative to fished open-access areas. This effect was most pronounced for individuals in large size classes, but with no size class of any trophic group showing signs of depressed biomass in MPAs, as predicted from higher predator abundance. Thus, greater biomass in effective MPAs implies that exploitation on shallow rocky and coral reefs negatively affects biomass of all fish trophic groups and size classes. These direct effects of fishing on trophic structure appear stronger than any top down effects on lower trophic levels that would be imposed by intact predator populations. We propose that exploitation affects fish assemblages at all trophic levels, and that local ecosystem function is generally modified by fishing.
PLoS ONE arrow_drop_down King's College, London: Research PortalArticle . 2015Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)University of Portsmouth: Portsmouth Research PortalArticle . 2015Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)University of Western Sydney (UWS): Research DirectArticle . 2015Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)The University of South Pacific: USP Electronic Research RepositoryArticle . 2015Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0140270&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eumore_vert PLoS ONE arrow_drop_down King's College, London: Research PortalArticle . 2015Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)University of Portsmouth: Portsmouth Research PortalArticle . 2015Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)University of Western Sydney (UWS): Research DirectArticle . 2015Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)The University of South Pacific: USP Electronic Research RepositoryArticle . 2015Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0140270&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal , Other literature type 2019 France, United States, Saudi Arabia, United Kingdom, Spain, United Kingdom, Saudi Arabia, France, United Kingdom, Australia, United Kingdom, United KingdomPublisher:Springer Science and Business Media LLC Funded by:FCT | LA 1, NSERCFCT| LA 1 ,NSERCJeffrey Low; Alan M. Friedlander; Nur Fadli; Tsai Min Sin; T. Edward Roberts; Marie-Josée Fortin; Douglas Fenner; Michelle A. C. Lee; Nicholas A. J. Graham; Ku’ulei S. Rodgers; Stuart Campbell; Chun Hong James Tan; Nyawira A. Muthiga; Jennifer E. Smith; Yashika Nand; Michael L. Berumen; Simon D. Donner; Bruce Cauvin; Vianney Denis; Tim R. McClanahan; Mehdi Adjeroud; Shinta Pardede; Marji Puotinen; Mohsen Kayal; Mohsen Kayal; Stacy D. Jupiter; Peter Houk; Estradivari; Lionel Bigot; Joshua E. Cinner; Eric K. Brown; James R. Guest; Joseph Maina; Andrew G. Bauman; Brigitte Sommer; Brigitte Sommer; Sara E. Cannon; Vardhan Patankar; Vardhan Patankar; Joachim Claudet; David Mouillot; David Mouillot; Zoe T. Richards; Zoe T. Richards; Efin Muttaqin; Steven Johnson; Che Din Mohd Safuan; Makamas Sutthacheep; William J. Skirving; Georgina G. Gurney; Thamasak Yeemin; Eva Maire; Emily S. Darling; Emily S. Darling; Emily S. Darling; Andrew S. Hoey; Osamu Nedlic; Chao-Yang Kuo; Chao-Yang Kuo; David A. Feary; Ambroise Brenier; Jessica Bouwmeester; Jessica Bouwmeester; Christina C. Hicks; Tom C. L. Bridge; Tom C. L. Bridge; Chaolun Allen Chen; Gareth J. Williams; Gareth J. Williams; Kirsty L. Nash; Kirsty L. Nash; Camilo Mora; Gabby N. Ahmadia; Claire Goiran; George Shedrawi; Enric Sala; Rohan Arthur; Fraser A. Januchowski-Hartley; Fraser A. Januchowski-Hartley; Maria Beger; Maria Beger; Erik C. Franklin; Martin Krkošek; James P. Gilmour; Shaun K. Wilson; John M. Pandolfi; Lucie Penin; Lauriane Ribas-Deulofeu; Lauriane Ribas-Deulofeu; Joleah B. Lamb; Patrick F. Smallhorn-West; Jean-Paul A. Hobbs; Peter D. Steinberg; John F. Bruno; Helen E. Fox;pmid: 31406279
handle: 10261/189693 , 10754/656667 , 20.500.11937/76136
Without drastic efforts to reduce carbon emissions and mitigate globalized stressors, tropical coral reefs are in jeopardy. Strategic conservation and management requires identification of the environmental and socioeconomic factors driving the persistence of scleractinian coral assemblages—the foundation species of coral reef ecosystems. Here, we compiled coral abundance data from 2,584 Indo-Pacific reefs to evaluate the influence of 21 climate, social and environmental drivers on the ecology of reef coral assemblages. Higher abundances of framework-building corals were typically associated with: weaker thermal disturbances and longer intervals for potential recovery; slower human population growth; reduced access by human settlements and markets; and less nearby agriculture. We therefore propose a framework of three management strategies (protect, recover or transform) by considering: (1) if reefs were above or below a proposed threshold of >10% cover of the coral taxa important for structural complexity and carbonate production; and (2) reef exposure to severe thermal stress during the 2014–2017 global coral bleaching event. Our findings can guide urgent management efforts for coral reefs, by identifying key threats across multiple scales and strategic policy priorities that might sustain a network of functioning reefs in the Indo-Pacific to avoid ecosystem collapse.
Lancaster EPrints arrow_drop_down Lancaster EPrintsArticle . 2019 . Peer-reviewedFull-Text: https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/136402/1/Darling_et_al_NEE_final_submission_12June2019.pdfData sources: Lancaster EPrintsRecolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAArticle . 2019 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerOther literature type . 2019Data sources: ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerNature Ecology & EvolutionArticle . 2019 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer Nature TDMData sources: CrossrefJames Cook University, Australia: ResearchOnline@JCUArticle . 2019Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Nova Southeastern University: NSU WorksArticle . 2019Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology: KAUST RepositoryArticle . 2019Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)The University of Queensland: UQ eSpaceArticle . 2019Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Newcastle University Library ePrints ServiceArticleData sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Lancaster University: Lancaster EprintsArticle . 2019Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)University of Tasmania: UTas ePrintsArticle . 2019Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1038/s41559-019-0953-8&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eumore_vert Lancaster EPrints arrow_drop_down Lancaster EPrintsArticle . 2019 . Peer-reviewedFull-Text: https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/136402/1/Darling_et_al_NEE_final_submission_12June2019.pdfData sources: Lancaster EPrintsRecolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAArticle . 2019 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerOther literature type . 2019Data sources: ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerNature Ecology & EvolutionArticle . 2019 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer Nature TDMData sources: CrossrefJames Cook University, Australia: ResearchOnline@JCUArticle . 2019Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Nova Southeastern University: NSU WorksArticle . 2019Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology: KAUST RepositoryArticle . 2019Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)The University of Queensland: UQ eSpaceArticle . 2019Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Newcastle University Library ePrints ServiceArticleData sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Lancaster University: Lancaster EprintsArticle . 2019Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)University of Tasmania: UTas ePrintsArticle . 2019Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1038/s41559-019-0953-8&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2020 United Kingdom, United StatesPublisher:Wiley Gavin McDonald; M. Roy Wilson; Diogo Veríssimo; Rebecca Twohey; Michaela Clemence; Dean Apistar; Stephen J. Box; Paul J. Butler; Fel Cesar Cadiz; Stuart J. Campbell; Courtney Cox; Micah Effron; Steve Gaines; Raymond Jakub; Roquelito Mancao; Pablo T. Rojas; Rocky Sanchez Tirona; Gabriel M. S. Vianna;pmid: 32011772
pmc: PMC7540413
AbstractSmall‐scale fisheries are an important livelihood and primary protein source for coastal communities in many of the poorest regions in the world, yet many are overfished and thus require effective and scalable management solutions. Positive ecological and socioeconomic responses to management typically lag behind immediate costs borne by fishers from fishing pressure reductions necessary for fisheries recovery. These short‐term costs challenge the long‐term success of these interventions. However, social marketing may increase perceptions of management benefits before ecological and socioeconomic benefits are fully realized, driving new social norms and ultimately long‐term sustainable behavior change. By conducting underwater visual surveys to quantify ecological conditions and by conducting household surveys with community members to quantify their perceptions of management support and socioeconomic conditions, we assessed the impact of a standardized small‐scale fisheries management intervention that was implemented across 41 sites in Brazil, Indonesia, and the Philippines. The intervention combines TURF reserves (community‐based territorial use rights for fishing coupled with no‐take marine reserves) with locally tailored social‐marketing behavior change campaigns. Leveraging data across 22 indicators and 4 survey types, along with data from 3 control sites, we found that ecological and socioeconomic impacts varied and that communities supported the intervention and were already changing their fishing practices. These results suggest that communities were developing new social norms and fishing more sustainably before long‐term ecological and socioeconomic benefits of fisheries management materialized.
University of Califo... arrow_drop_down University of California: eScholarshipArticle . 2020Full-Text: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5kv9j162Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)eScholarship - University of CaliforniaArticle . 2020Data sources: eScholarship - University of Californiaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eumore_vert University of Califo... arrow_drop_down University of California: eScholarshipArticle . 2020Full-Text: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5kv9j162Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)eScholarship - University of CaliforniaArticle . 2020Data sources: eScholarship - University of Californiaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2012 Saudi Arabia, Saudi Arabia, AustraliaPublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Stuart Campbell; Joshua E. Cinner; Andrew H. Baird; Andrew S. Hoey; Andrew S. Hoey; Tasrif Kartawijaya; Nicholas A. J. Graham; Jeffrey Maynard;The effectiveness of marine protected areas depends largely on whether people comply with the rules. We quantified temporal changes in benthic composition, reef fish biomass, and fishing effort among marine park zones (including no-take areas) to assess levels of compliance following the 2005 rezoning of the government-controlled Karimunjawa National Park (KNP), Indonesia. Four years after the rezoning awareness of fishing regulations was high amongst local fishers, ranging from 79.5±7.9 (SE) % for spatial restrictions to 97.7±1.2% for bans on the use of poisons. Despite this high awareness and strong compliance with gear restrictions, compliance with spatial restrictions was weak. In the four years following the rezoning reef fish biomass declined across all zones within KNP, with >50% reduction within the no-take Core and Protection Zones. These declines were primarily driven by decreases in the biomass of groups targeted by local fishers; planktivores, herbivores, piscivores, and invertivores. These declines in fish biomass were not driven by changes in habitat quality; coral cover increased in all zones, possibly as a result of a shift in fishing gears from those which can damage reefs (i.e., nets) to those which cause little direct damage (i.e., handlines and spears). Direct observations of fishing activities in 2009 revealed there was limited variation in fishing effort between zones in which fishing was allowed or prohibited. The apparent willingness of the KNP communities to comply with gear restrictions, but not spatial restrictions is difficult to explain and highlights the complexities of the social and economic dynamics that influence the ecological success of marine protected areas. Clearly the increased and high awareness of fishery restrictions following the rezoning is a positive step. The challenge now is to understand and foster the conditions that may facilitate compliance with spatial restrictions within KNP and marine parks worldwide.
James Cook Universit... arrow_drop_down James Cook University, Australia: ResearchOnline@JCUArticle . 2012Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology: KAUST RepositoryArticle . 2012License: CC BYFull-Text: http://hdl.handle.net/10754/325308Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eumore_vert James Cook Universit... arrow_drop_down James Cook University, Australia: ResearchOnline@JCUArticle . 2012Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology: KAUST RepositoryArticle . 2012License: CC BYFull-Text: http://hdl.handle.net/10754/325308Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal , Other literature type 2016 Australia, United Kingdom, Australia, France, France, Australia, FrancePublisher:Springer Science and Business Media LLC Funded by:FCT | LA 1FCT| LA 1David A. Feary; Sebastian C. A. Ferse; Andrew S. Hoey; David J. Booth; M. Aaron MacNeil; M. Aaron MacNeil; M. Aaron MacNeil; Katherine E. Holmes; David Mouillot; David Mouillot; Joseph Maina; Joseph Maina; Joseph Maina; Charlie Gough; Edward H. Allison; Pascale Chabanet; Tim R. McClanahan; Rick D. Stuart-Smith; Stuart Campbell; Joshua E. Cinner; Graham J. Edgar; Shaun K. Wilson; U. Rashid Sumaila; Eran Brokovich; Stuart A. Sandin; Marah J. Hardt; Stephanie D’agata; Stephanie D’agata; Stephanie D’agata; John N. Kittinger; John N. Kittinger; Christina C. Hicks; Christina C. Hicks; Christina C. Hicks; Ivor D. Williams; Michel Kulbicki; Andrew J. Brooks; Larry B. Crowder; Alison Green; Cindy Huchery; Eva Maire; Eva Maire; Maria Beger; Laurent Wantiez; Laurent Vigliola; Juan J. Cruz-Motta; Camilo Mora; Nicholas A. J. Graham; Nicholas A. J. Graham; Alan M. Friedlander; Mark Tupper;doi: 10.1038/nature18607
pmid: 27309809
Ongoing declines in the structure and function of the world’s coral reefs require novel approaches to sustain these ecosystems and the millions of people who depend on them3. A presently unexplored approach that draws on theory and practice in human health and rural development is to systematically identify and learn from the ‘outliers’—places where ecosystems are substantially better (‘bright spots’) or worse (‘dark spots’) than expected, given the environmental conditions and socioeconomic drivers they are exposed to. Here we compile data from more than 2,500 reefs worldwide and develop a Bayesian hierarchical model to generate expectations of how standing stocks of reef fish biomass are related to 18 socioeconomic drivers and environmental conditions. We identify 15 bright spots and 35 dark spots among our global survey of coral reefs, defined as sites that have biomass levels more than two standard deviations from expectations. Importantly, bright spots are not simply comprised of remote areas with low fishing pressure; they include localities where human populations and use of ecosystem resources is high, potentially providing insights into how communities have successfully confronted strong drivers of change. Conversely, dark spots are not necessarily the sites with the lowest absolute biomass and even include some remote, uninhabited locations often considered near pristine6. We surveyed local experts about social, institutional, and environmental conditions at these sites to reveal that bright spots are characterized by strong sociocultural institutions such as customary taboos and marine tenure, high levels of local engagement in management, high dependence on marine resources, and beneficial environmental conditions such as deep-water refuges. Alternatively, dark spots are characterized by intensive capture and storage technology and a recent history of environmental shocks. Our results suggest that investments in strengthening fisheries governance, particularly aspects such as participation and property rights, could facilitate innovative conservation actions that help communities defy expectations of global reef degradation.
Lancaster EPrints arrow_drop_down Lancaster EPrintsArticle . 2016 . Peer-reviewedFull-Text: https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/81029/1/Cinner_et_al_Bright_spots_Nature_second_revision.pdfData sources: Lancaster EPrintsLancaster University: Lancaster EprintsArticle . 2016License: CC BY NCFull-Text: https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/81029/1/Cinner_et_al_Bright_spots_Nature_second_revision.pdfData sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerOther literature type . 2016Data sources: ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerJames Cook University, Australia: ResearchOnline@JCUArticle . 2016Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)The University of Queensland: UQ eSpaceArticle . 2016Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eumore_vert Lancaster EPrints arrow_drop_down Lancaster EPrintsArticle . 2016 . Peer-reviewedFull-Text: https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/81029/1/Cinner_et_al_Bright_spots_Nature_second_revision.pdfData sources: Lancaster EPrintsLancaster University: Lancaster EprintsArticle . 2016License: CC BY NCFull-Text: https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/81029/1/Cinner_et_al_Bright_spots_Nature_second_revision.pdfData sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerOther literature type . 2016Data sources: ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerJames Cook University, Australia: ResearchOnline@JCUArticle . 2016Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)The University of Queensland: UQ eSpaceArticle . 2016Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 2018 United Kingdom, Australia, AustraliaPublisher:Wiley Funded by:ARC | Linkage Projects - Grant ...ARC| Linkage Projects - Grant ID: LP100200122Stuart J. Campbell; Graham J. Edgar; Rick D. Stuart‐Smith; German Soler; Amanda E. Bates;doi: 10.1111/cobi.12996
pmid: 28776761
AbstractConsiderable empirical evidence supports recovery of reef fish populations with fishery closures. In countries where full exclusion of people from fishing may be perceived as inequitable, fishing‐gear restrictions on nonselective and destructive gears may offer socially relevant management alternatives to build recovery of fish biomass. Even so, few researchers have statistically compared the responses of tropical reef fisheries to alternative management strategies. We tested for the effects of fishery closures and fishing gear restrictions on tropical reef fish biomass at the community and family level. We conducted 1,396 underwater surveys at 617 unique sites across a spatial hierarchy within 22 global marine ecoregions that represented 5 realms. We compared total biomass across local fish assemblages and among 20 families of reef fishes inside marine protected areas (MPAs) with different fishing restrictions: no‐take, hook‐and‐line fishing only, several fishing gears allowed, and sites open to all fishing gears. We included a further category representing remote sites, where fishing pressure is low. As expected, full fishery closures, (i.e., no‐take zones) most benefited community‐ and family‐level fish biomass in comparison with restrictions on fishing gears and openly fished sites. Although biomass responses to fishery closures were highly variable across families, some fishery targets (e.g., Carcharhinidae and Lutjanidae) responded positively to multiple restrictions on fishing gears (i.e., where gears other than hook and line were not permitted). Remoteness also positively affected the response of community‐level fish biomass and many fish families. Our findings provide strong support for the role of fishing restrictions in building recovery of fish biomass and indicate important interactions among fishing‐gear types that affect biomass of a diverse set of reef fish families.
Conservation Biology arrow_drop_down Conservation BiologyArticle . 2018 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Wiley Online Library User AgreementData sources: CrossrefUniversity of Tasmania: UTas ePrintsArticle . 2018Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eumore_vert Conservation Biology arrow_drop_down Conservation BiologyArticle . 2018 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Wiley Online Library User AgreementData sources: CrossrefUniversity of Tasmania: UTas ePrintsArticle . 2018Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2014 Argentina, United Kingdom, Argentina, Italy, Australia, Australia, SpainPublisher:Springer Science and Business Media LLC Stuart Kininmonth; Stuart Kininmonth; Rodrigo L. Moura; Graham J. Edgar; David Edgardo Galvan; David J. Kushner; German Soler; Neville S. Barrett; Anthony T. F. Bernard; Mikel A. Becerro; Just Berkhout; Stuart Banks; Rick D. Stuart-Smith; Günter Försterra; Antonia T. Cooper; Marlene Davey; Stuart Campbell; Colin D. Buxton; Susan C. Baker; Russell Thomson; Alejo Joaquin Irigoyen; P. Ed Parnell; Nick T. Shears; Elisabeth M. A. Strain; Trevor J. Willis; Sophie C. Edgar;pmid: 24499817
handle: 10261/180360 , 11336/30692 , 11585/264912
Les aires marines protégées (AMP) sont une composante importante et croissante de la stratégie de conservation marine, mais leur efficacité est variable et débattue ; maintenant, une étude a rassemblé des données à partir d'un échantillon mondial d'AMP et démontre que l'efficacité dépend de cinq propriétés clés : si une pêche est autorisée, les niveaux d'application, l'âge, la taille et le degré d'isolement. Les aires marines protégées sont une composante importante et croissante de la stratégie de conservation marine, mais leur efficacité est variable et beaucoup débattue. Ces auteurs rassemblent des données provenant d'un échantillon mondial de régions pêchées et de 87 aires marines protégées et démontrent que l'efficacité d'une aire protégée dépend de cinq propriétés clés : la quantité de pêche autorisée, les niveaux d'application, la durée de la protection, la zone et le degré d'isolement. La conservation n'est assurée que lorsque ces cinq cases ont été cochées. Conformément aux objectifs mondiaux convenus dans le cadre de la Convention sur la diversité biologique, le nombre d'aires marines protégées (AMP) augmente rapidement, mais les avantages socio-économiques générés par les AMP restent difficiles à prévoir et font l'objet de débats1,2. Les AMP ne parviennent souvent pas à atteindre leur plein potentiel en raison de facteurs tels que l'exploitation illégale, les réglementations qui autorisent légalement l'exploitation préjudiciable ou l'émigration des animaux en dehors des limites en raison de l'habitat continu ou de la taille inadéquate de la réserve3,4,5. Ici, nous montrons que les avantages de conservation de 87 AMP étudiées dans le monde augmentent de manière exponentielle avec l'accumulation de cinq caractéristiques clés : pas de prise, bien appliquées, vieilles (>10 ans), grandes (>100 km2) et isolées par l'eau profonde ou le sable. En utilisant des AMP efficaces avec quatre ou cinq caractéristiques clés comme norme non exploitée, les comparaisons des données d'enquête sous-marine des AMP efficaces avec les prévisions basées sur les données d'enquête des côtes pêchées indiquent que la biomasse totale de poissons a diminué d'environ deux tiers par rapport aux références historiques en raison de la pêche. Les AMP efficaces comptaient également deux fois plus d'espèces de poissons de grande taille (>250 mm de longueur totale) par transect, cinq fois plus de biomasse de poissons de grande taille et quatorze fois plus de biomasse de requins que les zones de pêche. La plupart (59 %) des AMP étudiées n'avaient qu'une ou deux caractéristiques clés et n'étaient pas écologiquement distinguables des sites de pêche. Nos résultats montrent que les objectifs mondiaux de conservation basés sur la seule superficie n'optimiseront pas la protection de la biodiversité marine. Il faut mettre davantage l'accent sur une meilleure conception des AMP, une gestion durable et la conformité pour s'assurer que les AMP atteignent la valeur de conservation souhaitée. Las áreas marinas protegidas (AMP) son un componente importante y creciente de la estrategia de protección marina, pero su efectividad es variable y debatida; ahora, un estudio ha reunido datos de una muestra global de AMP y demuestra que la efectividad depende de cinco propiedades clave: si se permite la pesca, los niveles de aplicación, la edad, el tamaño y el grado de aislamiento. Las áreas marinas protegidas son un componente importante y creciente de la estrategia de protección marina, pero su efectividad es variable y muy debatida. Estos autores reúnen datos de una muestra global de regiones pesqueras y 87 áreas marinas protegidas y demuestran que la efectividad de un área protegida depende de cinco propiedades clave: cuánta pesca está permitida, niveles de aplicación, cuánto tiempo ha estado vigente la protección, área y grado de aislamiento. La protección está asegurada solo cuando se han marcado las cinco casillas. En línea con los objetivos mundiales acordados en el marco del Convenio sobre la Diversidad Biológica, el número de áreas marinas protegidas (AMP) está aumentando rápidamente, pero los beneficios socioeconómicos generados por las AMP siguen siendo difíciles de predecir y están siendo objeto de debate1,2. Las AMP a menudo no alcanzan su máximo potencial como consecuencia de factores como la recolección ilegal, las regulaciones que permiten legalmente la recolección perjudicial o la emigración de animales fuera de los límites debido a un hábitat continuo o un tamaño inadecuado de la reserva3,4,5. Aquí mostramos que los beneficios conservadores de 87 AMP investigadas en todo el mundo aumentan exponencialmente con la acumulación de cinco características clave: sin captura, bien aplicadas, antiguas (>10 años), grandes (>100 km2) y aisladas por aguas profundas o arena. Utilizando AMP efectivas con cuatro o cinco características clave como estándar no explotado, las comparaciones de los datos de las encuestas subacuáticas de las AMP efectivas con las predicciones basadas en los datos de las encuestas de las costas pescadas indican que la biomasa total de peces ha disminuido aproximadamente dos tercios de las líneas de base históricas como resultado de la pesca. Las AMP efectivas también tenían el doble de especies de peces grandes (>250 mm de longitud total) por transecto, cinco veces más biomasa de peces grandes y catorce veces más biomasa de tiburones que las áreas de pesca. La mayoría (59%) de las AMP estudiadas tenían solo una o dos características clave y no eran ecológicamente distinguibles de los sitios de pesca. Nuestros resultados muestran que los objetivos de protección global basados en el área por sí solos no optimizarán la protección de la biodiversidad marina. Se necesita más énfasis en un mejor diseño de las AMP, una gestión duradera y el cumplimiento para garantizar que las AMP alcancen el valor de conservación deseado. Marine protected areas (MPAs) are an important and increasing component of marine conservation strategy, but their effectiveness is variable and debated; now a study has assembled data from a global sample of MPAs and demonstrates that effectiveness depends on five key properties: whether any fishing is allowed, enforcement levels, age, size and degree of isolation. Marine protected areas are an important and increasing component of marine conservation strategy, but their effectiveness is variable and much debated. These authors assemble data from a global sample of fished regions and 87 marine protected areas and demonstrate that the effectiveness of a protected area depends on five key properties: how much fishing is allowed, enforcement levels, how long protection has been in place, area and degree of isolation. Conservation is assured only when all five of these boxes have been ticked. In line with global targets agreed under the Convention on Biological Diversity, the number of marine protected areas (MPAs) is increasing rapidly, yet socio-economic benefits generated by MPAs remain difficult to predict and under debate1,2. MPAs often fail to reach their full potential as a consequence of factors such as illegal harvesting, regulations that legally allow detrimental harvesting, or emigration of animals outside boundaries because of continuous habitat or inadequate size of reserve3,4,5. Here we show that the conservation benefits of 87 MPAs investigated worldwide increase exponentially with the accumulation of five key features: no take, well enforced, old (>10 years), large (>100 km2), and isolated by deep water or sand. Using effective MPAs with four or five key features as an unfished standard, comparisons of underwater survey data from effective MPAs with predictions based on survey data from fished coasts indicate that total fish biomass has declined about two-thirds from historical baselines as a result of fishing. Effective MPAs also had twice as many large (>250 mm total length) fish species per transect, five times more large fish biomass, and fourteen times more shark biomass than fished areas. Most (59%) of the MPAs studied had only one or two key features and were not ecologically distinguishable from fished sites. Our results show that global conservation targets based on area alone will not optimize protection of marine biodiversity. More emphasis is needed on better MPA design, durable management and compliance to ensure that MPAs achieve their desired conservation value. تعد المناطق البحرية المحمية (MPAs) مكونًا مهمًا ومتزايدًا في استراتيجية الحفظ البحري، لكن فعاليتها متغيرة ومتناقضة ؛ الآن جمعت دراسة بيانات من عينة عالمية من المناطق البحرية المحمية وتوضح أن الفعالية تعتمد على خمس خصائص رئيسية: ما إذا كان يُسمح بالصيد، ومستويات الإنفاذ، والعمر، والحجم، ودرجة العزلة. تعد المناطق البحرية المحمية مكونًا مهمًا ومتزايدًا في استراتيجية الحفاظ على البيئة البحرية، ولكن فعاليتها متغيرة ومثيرة للجدل. يقوم هؤلاء المؤلفون بتجميع البيانات من عينة عالمية من المناطق المصيدة و 87 منطقة محمية بحرية ويثبتون أن فعالية المنطقة المحمية تعتمد على خمس خصائص رئيسية: مقدار الصيد المسموح به، ومستويات الإنفاذ، وطول مدة الحماية، والمنطقة، ودرجة العزلة. لا يتم ضمان الحفظ إلا عند وضع علامة على جميع هذه الصناديق الخمسة. تماشياً مع الأهداف العالمية المتفق عليها بموجب اتفاقية التنوع البيولوجي، يتزايد عدد المناطق البحرية المحمية (MPAs) بسرعة، ومع ذلك لا تزال الفوائد الاجتماعية والاقتصادية الناتجة عن المناطق البحرية المحمية يصعب التنبؤ بها وتخضع للمناقشة1,2. غالبًا ما تفشل المناطق البحرية المحمية في الوصول إلى إمكاناتها الكاملة نتيجة لعوامل مثل الحصاد غير القانوني، أو اللوائح التي تسمح قانونًا بالحصاد الضار، أو هجرة الحيوانات خارج الحدود بسبب الموائل المستمرة أو عدم كفاية حجم المحمية3، 4، 5. نوضح هنا أن فوائد الحفظ لـ 87 منطقة محمية بحرية تم التحقيق فيها في جميع أنحاء العالم تزداد بشكل كبير مع تراكم خمس ميزات رئيسية: لا تأخذ، تطبق بشكل جيد، قديمة (>10 سنوات)، كبيرة (>100 كيلومتر مربع)، ومعزولة بالمياه العميقة أو الرمال. باستخدام المناطق البحرية المحمية الفعالة مع أربع أو خمس سمات رئيسية كمعيار غير مكتمل، تشير مقارنات بيانات المسح تحت الماء من المناطق البحرية المحمية الفعالة مع التنبؤات المستندة إلى بيانات المسح من السواحل المصيدة إلى أن إجمالي الكتلة الحيوية للأسماك قد انخفض بنحو الثلثين عن خطوط الأساس التاريخية نتيجة لصيد الأسماك. تحتوي المناطق البحرية المحمية الفعالة أيضًا على ضعف عدد أنواع الأسماك الكبيرة (>250 مم إجمالي الطول) لكل مقطع، وخمسة أضعاف الكتلة الحيوية للأسماك الكبيرة، وأربعة عشر ضعف الكتلة الحيوية لأسماك القرش مقارنة بالمناطق التي يتم صيدها. كان لمعظم المناطق البحرية المحمية التي تمت دراستها (59 ٪) سمة رئيسية واحدة أو اثنتين فقط ولم يكن من الممكن تمييزها بيئيًا عن المواقع التي يتم صيد الأسماك فيها. تظهر نتائجنا أن أهداف الحفظ العالمية القائمة على المساحة وحدها لن تحسن حماية التنوع البيولوجي البحري. هناك حاجة إلى مزيد من التركيز على تصميم أفضل للمناطق المحمية البحرية والإدارة الدائمة والامتثال لضمان تحقيق المناطق المحمية البحرية لقيمة الحفظ المطلوبة.
Nature arrow_drop_down Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAArticle . 2014 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAUniversity of Portsmouth: Portsmouth Research PortalArticle . 2014Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)University of Western Sydney (UWS): Research DirectArticle . 2014Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)University of Tasmania: UTas ePrintsArticle . 2005Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eumore_vert Nature arrow_drop_down Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAArticle . 2014 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAUniversity of Portsmouth: Portsmouth Research PortalArticle . 2014Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)University of Western Sydney (UWS): Research DirectArticle . 2014Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)University of Tasmania: UTas ePrintsArticle . 2005Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 2019 AustraliaPublisher:Wiley Bejarano, Sonia; Pardede, Shinta; Campbell, Stuart J.; Hoey, Andrew; Ferse, Sebastian C.A.;doi: 10.1002/eap.1981
pmid: 31349375
AbstractSecuring ecosystem functions is challenging, yet common priority in conservation efforts. While marine parks aim to meet this challenge by regulating fishing through zoning plans, their effectiveness hinges on compliance levels and may respond to changes in fishing practices. Here we use a speciose assemblage of nominally herbivorous reef fish in Karimunjawa National Park (zoned since 1989) to investigate whether areas subject to a restrictive management regime sustained higher biomass over seven years compared to areas where moderate and permissive regulations apply. Using a trait‐based approach we characterize the functional space of the entire species pool and ask whether changes in biomass translate into changes in functional structure. We track changes in predator biomass, benthic community structure, and fishing practices that could influence herbivore trajectories. Overall herbivore biomass doubled in 2012 compared to 2006–2009 and remained high in 2013 across all management regimes. We found no evidence that this biomass build‐up resulted from predator depletion or increased food availability but suggest it emerged in response to a park‐wide cessation of fishing with large drive nets known as muroami. The biomass increase was accompanied by a modest increase in taxonomic richness and a slight decrease in community‐scale rarity that did not alter functional redundancy levels. Subtle changes in both functional specialization and identity of assemblages emerged as generalist species with low intrinsic vulnerability to fishing recovered sooner than more vulnerable specialists. While this implies a recovery of mechanisms responsible for the grazing of algal turfs and detritus, restoring other facets of herbivory (e.g., macroalgal consumption) may require more time. An increase in the cost‐benefit ratio per journey of muroami fishing facilitated a ban on muroami nets that met minimal resistance. Similar windows of opportunity may emerge elsewhere in which gear‐based regulations can supplement zoning plans, especially when compliance is low. This does not advocate for implementing such regulations once a fishery has become unprofitable. Rather, it underlines their importance for breaking the cycle of resource depletion and low compliance to zoning, thus alleviating the resulting threats to food security and ecosystem integrity.
James Cook Universit... arrow_drop_down James Cook University, Australia: ResearchOnline@JCUArticle . 2019Full-Text: https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1981Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eumore_vert James Cook Universit... arrow_drop_down James Cook University, Australia: ResearchOnline@JCUArticle . 2019Full-Text: https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1981Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 2012 AustraliaPublisher:Cambridge University Press (CUP) Fadli, Nur; Campbell, Stuart J.; Ferguson, Kathryn; Keyse, Jude; Rudi, Edi; Riedel, Arthur; Baird, Andrew H.;AbstractWe describe the successful creation of new reef habitat on Pulau Weh, Indonesia. Coral cover on artificial reef modules increased from a mean of 24±SE 2.4% 1 year after the initial attachment of Acropora spp. coral fragments to 64±SE 4.8% after 3 years. The artificial reef modules were also rapidly colonized by coral recruits. Recruit densities were 53±SE 3.2 m−2 on modules that had been submerged for only 1 year, nearly twice as high as recruit densities on natural reef substratum (31±2.8 m−2). Consequently, the original Acropora assemblage had increased to include at least 23 coral taxa, including 10 additional Acropora species. The artificial reefs also supported at least 29 reef fish species, from 11 families. Unfortunately, this initial success in habitat creation was abruptly halted by a rapid rise in sea temperature in May 2010 that killed almost all corals on the artificial reefs and on nearby natural reefs. Notwithstanding the general view that reef rehabilitation is yet to deliver ecological and conservation benefits at meaningful scales, other benefits of this project included raising the awareness of reef conservation in the local community, promotion of tourism on Pulau Weh and job creation. We conclude, therefore, that habitat creation has a legitimate role as part of an integrated marine conservation strategy.
Oryx arrow_drop_down James Cook University, Australia: ResearchOnline@JCUArticle . 2012Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)The University of Queensland: UQ eSpaceArticle . 2012Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eumore_vert Oryx arrow_drop_down James Cook University, Australia: ResearchOnline@JCUArticle . 2012Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)The University of Queensland: UQ eSpaceArticle . 2012Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1017/s0030605312000142&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2012 AustraliaPublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Michelle J. Paddack; Tim R. McClanahan; Joseph Maina; Stuart Campbell; C. Mark Eakin; Scott F. Heron; Scott F. Heron; Peter J. Mumby; Jeffrey Maynard; Andrew C. Baker; Elizabeth Mcleod; Emily S. Darling; M. Aaron MacNeil; Nicholas A. J. Graham; Carolyn J. Lundquist; B I Jahson Alemu; Simon D. Donner; Stacy D. Jupiter; Maria Beger; Elizabeth R. Selig; Robert van Woesik;pmid: 22952618
pmc: PMC3430673
La gestion des récifs coralliens pour la résilience au changement climatique est un concept populaire, mais il a été difficile à mettre en œuvre car les preuves scientifiques empiriques n'ont pas été évaluées ou ne sont parfois pas favorables à la théorie, ce qui conduit à l'incertitude lors de l'examen des méthodes et de l'identification des récifs prioritaires. Nous avons demandé à des experts et examiné la littérature scientifique pour obtenir des conseils sur les multiples facteurs physiques et biologiques qui affectent la capacité des récifs coralliens à résister et à se remettre des perturbations climatiques. Onze facteurs clés pour éclairer les décisions basées sur la mise à l'échelle des preuves scientifiques et la faisabilité de la quantification des facteurs ont été identifiés. Les facteurs importants pour la résistance et la récupération, qui sont des composantes importantes de la résilience, n'étaient pas fortement liés et devraient être évalués de manière indépendante. L'abondance d'espèces coralliennes résistantes (tolérantes à la chaleur) et la variabilité des températures passées ont été perçues comme offrant la plus grande résistance au changement climatique, tandis que les taux de recrutement des coraux et l'abondance des macroalgues ont été les plus influents dans le processus de rétablissement. Sur la base des 11 facteurs clés, nous avons testé un cadre fondé sur des données probantes pour la résilience au changement climatique dans une aire marine protégée indonésienne. Les résultats suggèrent que notre cadre pondéré par les preuves a amélioré les méthodes non pondérées existantes en termes de caractérisation de la résilience et de distinction des sites prioritaires. L'évaluation soutient le concept selon lequel, malgré une grande complexité écologique, relativement peu de variables fortes peuvent être importantes pour influencer la dynamique des écosystèmes. Il s'agit de la première évaluation rigoureuse des facteurs favorisant la résilience des récifs coralliens en fonction de leur importance perçue, des preuves empiriques et de la faisabilité de la mesure. Il y avait peu de différences entre les perceptions des scientifiques de l'importance des facteurs et les preuves scientifiques trouvées dans les publications de revues, mais d'autres études d'impact avant et après seront nécessaires pour tester pleinement la validité de tous les facteurs. Les méthodes ici augmenteront la faisabilité et la défensibilité d'inclure des mesures clés de résilience dans les évaluations des récifs coralliens, ainsi que de réduire les coûts. Adaptation, aires marines protégées, établissement des priorités, résistance, récupération. La gestión de los arrecifes de coral para la resiliencia al cambio climático es un concepto popular, pero ha sido difícil de implementar porque la evidencia científica empírica no se ha evaluado o, a veces, no respalda la teoría, lo que genera incertidumbre al considerar los métodos e identificar los arrecifes prioritarios. Pedimos a expertos y revisamos la literatura científica para obtener orientación sobre los múltiples factores físicos y biológicos que afectan la capacidad de los arrecifes de coral para resistir y recuperarse de las perturbaciones climáticas. Se identificaron once factores clave para informar las decisiones basadas en la evidencia científica a escala y la viabilidad de cuantificar los factores. Los factores importantes para la resistencia y la recuperación, que son componentes importantes de la resiliencia, no estaban fuertemente relacionados y deben evaluarse de forma independiente. Se percibió que la abundancia de especies de coral resistentes (tolerantes al calor) y la variabilidad de la temperatura pasada proporcionaban la mayor resistencia al cambio climático, mientras que las tasas de reclutamiento de coral y la abundancia de macroalgas fueron las más influyentes en el proceso de recuperación. Con base en los 11 factores clave, probamos un marco basado en evidencia para la resiliencia al cambio climático en un área marina protegida de Indonesia. Los resultados sugieren que nuestro marco ponderado por la evidencia mejoró los métodos no ponderados existentes en términos de caracterizar la resiliencia y distinguir los sitios prioritarios. La evaluación respalda el concepto de que, a pesar de la alta complejidad ecológica, relativamente pocas variables fuertes pueden ser importantes para influir en la dinámica de los ecosistemas. Esta es la primera evaluación rigurosa de los factores que promueven la resiliencia de los arrecifes de coral en función de su importancia percibida, la evidencia empírica y la viabilidad de la medición. Hubo pocas diferencias entre las percepciones de los científicos sobre la importancia de los factores y la evidencia científica que se encuentra en las publicaciones de revistas, pero se requerirán más estudios antes y después del impacto para probar completamente la validez de todos los factores. Los métodos aquí mencionados aumentarán la viabilidad y la defendibilidad de incluir métricas clave de resiliencia en las evaluaciones de los arrecifes de coral, así como reducirán los costos. Adaptación, áreas marinas protegidas, priorización, resistencia, recuperación. Managing coral reefs for resilience to climate change is a popular concept but has been difficult to implement because the empirical scientific evidence has either not been evaluated or is sometimes unsupportive of theory, which leads to uncertainty when considering methods and identifying priority reefs. We asked experts and reviewed the scientific literature for guidance on the multiple physical and biological factors that affect the ability of coral reefs to resist and recover from climate disturbance. Eleven key factors to inform decisions based on scaling scientific evidence and the achievability of quantifying the factors were identified. Factors important to resistance and recovery, which are important components of resilience, were not strongly related, and should be assessed independently. The abundance of resistant (heat-tolerant) coral species and past temperature variability were perceived to provide the greatest resistance to climate change, while coral recruitment rates, and macroalgae abundance were most influential in the recovery process. Based on the 11 key factors, we tested an evidence-based framework for climate change resilience in an Indonesian marine protected area. The results suggest our evidence-weighted framework improved upon existing un-weighted methods in terms of characterizing resilience and distinguishing priority sites. The evaluation supports the concept that, despite high ecological complexity, relatively few strong variables can be important in influencing ecosystem dynamics. This is the first rigorous assessment of factors promoting coral reef resilience based on their perceived importance, empirical evidence, and feasibility of measurement. There were few differences between scientists' perceptions of factor importance and the scientific evidence found in journal publications but more before and after impact studies will be required to fully test the validity of all the factors. The methods here will increase the feasibility and defensibility of including key resilience metrics in evaluations of coral reefs, as well as reduce costs. Adaptation, marine protected areas, priority setting, resistance, recovery. تعد إدارة الشعاب المرجانية من أجل المرونة في مواجهة تغير المناخ مفهومًا شائعًا ولكن كان من الصعب تنفيذه لأن الأدلة العلمية التجريبية إما لم يتم تقييمها أو أنها في بعض الأحيان غير داعمة للنظرية، مما يؤدي إلى عدم اليقين عند النظر في الأساليب وتحديد الشعاب المرجانية ذات الأولوية. طلبنا من الخبراء وراجعنا الأدبيات العلمية للحصول على إرشادات حول العوامل الفيزيائية والبيولوجية المتعددة التي تؤثر على قدرة الشعاب المرجانية على المقاومة والتعافي من اضطرابات المناخ. تم تحديد أحد عشر عاملاً رئيسياً لتوجيه القرارات بناءً على قياس الأدلة العلمية وإمكانية تحقيق القياس الكمي للعوامل. لم تكن العوامل المهمة للمقاومة والتعافي، والتي تعد مكونات مهمة للمرونة، مرتبطة ارتباطًا وثيقًا، ويجب تقييمها بشكل مستقل. كان يُنظر إلى وفرة الأنواع المرجانية المقاومة (المقاومة للحرارة) وتقلب درجات الحرارة في الماضي على أنها توفر أكبر مقاومة لتغير المناخ، في حين كانت معدلات تجنيد المرجان ووفرة الطحالب الكلية أكثر تأثيرًا في عملية التعافي. استنادًا إلى العوامل الرئيسية الأحد عشر، اختبرنا إطارًا قائمًا على الأدلة لمرونة تغير المناخ في منطقة محمية بحرية إندونيسية. تشير النتائج إلى أن إطارنا المرجح بالأدلة قد تحسن على الأساليب غير المرجحة الحالية من حيث توصيف المرونة وتمييز المواقع ذات الأولوية. يدعم التقييم المفهوم القائل بأنه على الرغم من التعقيد البيئي الكبير، إلا أن عددًا قليلاً نسبيًا من المتغيرات القوية يمكن أن يكون مهمًا في التأثير على ديناميكيات النظام الإيكولوجي. هذا هو أول تقييم دقيق للعوامل التي تعزز مرونة الشعاب المرجانية بناءً على أهميتها المتصورة والأدلة التجريبية وجدوى القياس. كانت هناك اختلافات قليلة بين تصورات العلماء لأهمية العوامل والأدلة العلمية الموجودة في منشورات المجلات ولكن ستكون هناك حاجة إلى المزيد قبل دراسات التأثير وبعدها لاختبار صحة جميع العوامل بشكل كامل. ستزيد الطرق هنا من الجدوى وإمكانية الدفاع عن تضمين مقاييس المرونة الرئيسية في تقييمات الشعاب المرجانية، بالإضافة إلى تقليل التكاليف. التكيف، والمناطق البحرية المحمية، وتحديد الأولويات، والمقاومة، والتعافي.
James Cook Universit... arrow_drop_down James Cook University, Australia: ResearchOnline@JCUArticle . 2012Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)The University of Queensland: UQ eSpaceArticle . 2012Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eumore_vert James Cook Universit... arrow_drop_down James Cook University, Australia: ResearchOnline@JCUArticle . 2012Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)The University of Queensland: UQ eSpaceArticle . 2012Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0042884&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2015 Argentina, United Kingdom, Fiji, ArgentinaPublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Soler, German A.; Edgar, Graham J.; Thomson, Russell J.; Kininmonth, Stuart; Campbell, Stuart J.; Dawson, Terence P.; Barrett, Neville S.; Bernard, Anthony T.F.; Galván, David E.; Willis, Trevor J.; Alexander, Timothy J.; Stuart-Smith, Rick D.;pmid: 26461104
pmc: PMC4603671
Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) offer a unique opportunity to test the assumption that fishing pressure affects some trophic groups more than others. Removal of larger predators through fishing is often suggested to have positive flow-on effects for some lower trophic groups, in which case protection from fishing should result in suppression of lower trophic groups as predator populations recover. We tested this by assessing differences in the trophic structure of reef fish communities associated with 79 MPAs and open-access sites worldwide, using a standardised quantitative dataset on reef fish community structure. The biomass of all major trophic groups (higher carnivores, benthic carnivores, planktivores and herbivores) was significantly greater (by 40% - 200%) in effective no-take MPAs relative to fished open-access areas. This effect was most pronounced for individuals in large size classes, but with no size class of any trophic group showing signs of depressed biomass in MPAs, as predicted from higher predator abundance. Thus, greater biomass in effective MPAs implies that exploitation on shallow rocky and coral reefs negatively affects biomass of all fish trophic groups and size classes. These direct effects of fishing on trophic structure appear stronger than any top down effects on lower trophic levels that would be imposed by intact predator populations. We propose that exploitation affects fish assemblages at all trophic levels, and that local ecosystem function is generally modified by fishing.
PLoS ONE arrow_drop_down King's College, London: Research PortalArticle . 2015Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)University of Portsmouth: Portsmouth Research PortalArticle . 2015Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)University of Western Sydney (UWS): Research DirectArticle . 2015Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)The University of South Pacific: USP Electronic Research RepositoryArticle . 2015Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0140270&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eumore_vert PLoS ONE arrow_drop_down King's College, London: Research PortalArticle . 2015Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)University of Portsmouth: Portsmouth Research PortalArticle . 2015Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)University of Western Sydney (UWS): Research DirectArticle . 2015Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)The University of South Pacific: USP Electronic Research RepositoryArticle . 2015Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0140270&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal , Other literature type 2019 France, United States, Saudi Arabia, United Kingdom, Spain, United Kingdom, Saudi Arabia, France, United Kingdom, Australia, United Kingdom, United KingdomPublisher:Springer Science and Business Media LLC Funded by:FCT | LA 1, NSERCFCT| LA 1 ,NSERCJeffrey Low; Alan M. Friedlander; Nur Fadli; Tsai Min Sin; T. Edward Roberts; Marie-Josée Fortin; Douglas Fenner; Michelle A. C. Lee; Nicholas A. J. Graham; Ku’ulei S. Rodgers; Stuart Campbell; Chun Hong James Tan; Nyawira A. Muthiga; Jennifer E. Smith; Yashika Nand; Michael L. Berumen; Simon D. Donner; Bruce Cauvin; Vianney Denis; Tim R. McClanahan; Mehdi Adjeroud; Shinta Pardede; Marji Puotinen; Mohsen Kayal; Mohsen Kayal; Stacy D. Jupiter; Peter Houk; Estradivari; Lionel Bigot; Joshua E. Cinner; Eric K. Brown; James R. Guest; Joseph Maina; Andrew G. Bauman; Brigitte Sommer; Brigitte Sommer; Sara E. Cannon; Vardhan Patankar; Vardhan Patankar; Joachim Claudet; David Mouillot; David Mouillot; Zoe T. Richards; Zoe T. Richards; Efin Muttaqin; Steven Johnson; Che Din Mohd Safuan; Makamas Sutthacheep; William J. Skirving; Georgina G. Gurney; Thamasak Yeemin; Eva Maire; Emily S. Darling; Emily S. Darling; Emily S. Darling; Andrew S. Hoey; Osamu Nedlic; Chao-Yang Kuo; Chao-Yang Kuo; David A. Feary; Ambroise Brenier; Jessica Bouwmeester; Jessica Bouwmeester; Christina C. Hicks; Tom C. L. Bridge; Tom C. L. Bridge; Chaolun Allen Chen; Gareth J. Williams; Gareth J. Williams; Kirsty L. Nash; Kirsty L. Nash; Camilo Mora; Gabby N. Ahmadia; Claire Goiran; George Shedrawi; Enric Sala; Rohan Arthur; Fraser A. Januchowski-Hartley; Fraser A. Januchowski-Hartley; Maria Beger; Maria Beger; Erik C. Franklin; Martin Krkošek; James P. Gilmour; Shaun K. Wilson; John M. Pandolfi; Lucie Penin; Lauriane Ribas-Deulofeu; Lauriane Ribas-Deulofeu; Joleah B. Lamb; Patrick F. Smallhorn-West; Jean-Paul A. Hobbs; Peter D. Steinberg; John F. Bruno; Helen E. Fox;pmid: 31406279
handle: 10261/189693 , 10754/656667 , 20.500.11937/76136
Without drastic efforts to reduce carbon emissions and mitigate globalized stressors, tropical coral reefs are in jeopardy. Strategic conservation and management requires identification of the environmental and socioeconomic factors driving the persistence of scleractinian coral assemblages—the foundation species of coral reef ecosystems. Here, we compiled coral abundance data from 2,584 Indo-Pacific reefs to evaluate the influence of 21 climate, social and environmental drivers on the ecology of reef coral assemblages. Higher abundances of framework-building corals were typically associated with: weaker thermal disturbances and longer intervals for potential recovery; slower human population growth; reduced access by human settlements and markets; and less nearby agriculture. We therefore propose a framework of three management strategies (protect, recover or transform) by considering: (1) if reefs were above or below a proposed threshold of >10% cover of the coral taxa important for structural complexity and carbonate production; and (2) reef exposure to severe thermal stress during the 2014–2017 global coral bleaching event. Our findings can guide urgent management efforts for coral reefs, by identifying key threats across multiple scales and strategic policy priorities that might sustain a network of functioning reefs in the Indo-Pacific to avoid ecosystem collapse.
Lancaster EPrints arrow_drop_down Lancaster EPrintsArticle . 2019 . Peer-reviewedFull-Text: https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/136402/1/Darling_et_al_NEE_final_submission_12June2019.pdfData sources: Lancaster EPrintsRecolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAArticle . 2019 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerOther literature type . 2019Data sources: ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerNature Ecology & EvolutionArticle . 2019 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer Nature TDMData sources: CrossrefJames Cook University, Australia: ResearchOnline@JCUArticle . 2019Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Nova Southeastern University: NSU WorksArticle . 2019Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology: KAUST RepositoryArticle . 2019Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)The University of Queensland: UQ eSpaceArticle . 2019Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Newcastle University Library ePrints ServiceArticleData sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Lancaster University: Lancaster EprintsArticle . 2019Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)University of Tasmania: UTas ePrintsArticle . 2019Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1038/s41559-019-0953-8&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eumore_vert Lancaster EPrints arrow_drop_down Lancaster EPrintsArticle . 2019 . Peer-reviewedFull-Text: https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/136402/1/Darling_et_al_NEE_final_submission_12June2019.pdfData sources: Lancaster EPrintsRecolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAArticle . 2019 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerOther literature type . 2019Data sources: ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerNature Ecology & EvolutionArticle . 2019 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer Nature TDMData sources: CrossrefJames Cook University, Australia: ResearchOnline@JCUArticle . 2019Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Nova Southeastern University: NSU WorksArticle . 2019Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology: KAUST RepositoryArticle . 2019Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)The University of Queensland: UQ eSpaceArticle . 2019Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Newcastle University Library ePrints ServiceArticleData sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Lancaster University: Lancaster EprintsArticle . 2019Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)University of Tasmania: UTas ePrintsArticle . 2019Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1038/s41559-019-0953-8&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2020 United Kingdom, United StatesPublisher:Wiley Gavin McDonald; M. Roy Wilson; Diogo Veríssimo; Rebecca Twohey; Michaela Clemence; Dean Apistar; Stephen J. Box; Paul J. Butler; Fel Cesar Cadiz; Stuart J. Campbell; Courtney Cox; Micah Effron; Steve Gaines; Raymond Jakub; Roquelito Mancao; Pablo T. Rojas; Rocky Sanchez Tirona; Gabriel M. S. Vianna;pmid: 32011772
pmc: PMC7540413
AbstractSmall‐scale fisheries are an important livelihood and primary protein source for coastal communities in many of the poorest regions in the world, yet many are overfished and thus require effective and scalable management solutions. Positive ecological and socioeconomic responses to management typically lag behind immediate costs borne by fishers from fishing pressure reductions necessary for fisheries recovery. These short‐term costs challenge the long‐term success of these interventions. However, social marketing may increase perceptions of management benefits before ecological and socioeconomic benefits are fully realized, driving new social norms and ultimately long‐term sustainable behavior change. By conducting underwater visual surveys to quantify ecological conditions and by conducting household surveys with community members to quantify their perceptions of management support and socioeconomic conditions, we assessed the impact of a standardized small‐scale fisheries management intervention that was implemented across 41 sites in Brazil, Indonesia, and the Philippines. The intervention combines TURF reserves (community‐based territorial use rights for fishing coupled with no‐take marine reserves) with locally tailored social‐marketing behavior change campaigns. Leveraging data across 22 indicators and 4 survey types, along with data from 3 control sites, we found that ecological and socioeconomic impacts varied and that communities supported the intervention and were already changing their fishing practices. These results suggest that communities were developing new social norms and fishing more sustainably before long‐term ecological and socioeconomic benefits of fisheries management materialized.
University of Califo... arrow_drop_down University of California: eScholarshipArticle . 2020Full-Text: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5kv9j162Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)eScholarship - University of CaliforniaArticle . 2020Data sources: eScholarship - University of Californiaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1111/cobi.13475&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eumore_vert University of Califo... arrow_drop_down University of California: eScholarshipArticle . 2020Full-Text: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5kv9j162Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)eScholarship - University of CaliforniaArticle . 2020Data sources: eScholarship - University of Californiaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1111/cobi.13475&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2012 Saudi Arabia, Saudi Arabia, AustraliaPublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Stuart Campbell; Joshua E. Cinner; Andrew H. Baird; Andrew S. Hoey; Andrew S. Hoey; Tasrif Kartawijaya; Nicholas A. J. Graham; Jeffrey Maynard;The effectiveness of marine protected areas depends largely on whether people comply with the rules. We quantified temporal changes in benthic composition, reef fish biomass, and fishing effort among marine park zones (including no-take areas) to assess levels of compliance following the 2005 rezoning of the government-controlled Karimunjawa National Park (KNP), Indonesia. Four years after the rezoning awareness of fishing regulations was high amongst local fishers, ranging from 79.5±7.9 (SE) % for spatial restrictions to 97.7±1.2% for bans on the use of poisons. Despite this high awareness and strong compliance with gear restrictions, compliance with spatial restrictions was weak. In the four years following the rezoning reef fish biomass declined across all zones within KNP, with >50% reduction within the no-take Core and Protection Zones. These declines were primarily driven by decreases in the biomass of groups targeted by local fishers; planktivores, herbivores, piscivores, and invertivores. These declines in fish biomass were not driven by changes in habitat quality; coral cover increased in all zones, possibly as a result of a shift in fishing gears from those which can damage reefs (i.e., nets) to those which cause little direct damage (i.e., handlines and spears). Direct observations of fishing activities in 2009 revealed there was limited variation in fishing effort between zones in which fishing was allowed or prohibited. The apparent willingness of the KNP communities to comply with gear restrictions, but not spatial restrictions is difficult to explain and highlights the complexities of the social and economic dynamics that influence the ecological success of marine protected areas. Clearly the increased and high awareness of fishery restrictions following the rezoning is a positive step. The challenge now is to understand and foster the conditions that may facilitate compliance with spatial restrictions within KNP and marine parks worldwide.
James Cook Universit... arrow_drop_down James Cook University, Australia: ResearchOnline@JCUArticle . 2012Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology: KAUST RepositoryArticle . 2012License: CC BYFull-Text: http://hdl.handle.net/10754/325308Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0050074&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eumore_vert James Cook Universit... arrow_drop_down James Cook University, Australia: ResearchOnline@JCUArticle . 2012Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology: KAUST RepositoryArticle . 2012License: CC BYFull-Text: http://hdl.handle.net/10754/325308Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0050074&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal , Other literature type 2016 Australia, United Kingdom, Australia, France, France, Australia, FrancePublisher:Springer Science and Business Media LLC Funded by:FCT | LA 1FCT| LA 1David A. Feary; Sebastian C. A. Ferse; Andrew S. Hoey; David J. Booth; M. Aaron MacNeil; M. Aaron MacNeil; M. Aaron MacNeil; Katherine E. Holmes; David Mouillot; David Mouillot; Joseph Maina; Joseph Maina; Joseph Maina; Charlie Gough; Edward H. Allison; Pascale Chabanet; Tim R. McClanahan; Rick D. Stuart-Smith; Stuart Campbell; Joshua E. Cinner; Graham J. Edgar; Shaun K. Wilson; U. Rashid Sumaila; Eran Brokovich; Stuart A. Sandin; Marah J. Hardt; Stephanie D’agata; Stephanie D’agata; Stephanie D’agata; John N. Kittinger; John N. Kittinger; Christina C. Hicks; Christina C. Hicks; Christina C. Hicks; Ivor D. Williams; Michel Kulbicki; Andrew J. Brooks; Larry B. Crowder; Alison Green; Cindy Huchery; Eva Maire; Eva Maire; Maria Beger; Laurent Wantiez; Laurent Vigliola; Juan J. Cruz-Motta; Camilo Mora; Nicholas A. J. Graham; Nicholas A. J. Graham; Alan M. Friedlander; Mark Tupper;doi: 10.1038/nature18607
pmid: 27309809
Ongoing declines in the structure and function of the world’s coral reefs require novel approaches to sustain these ecosystems and the millions of people who depend on them3. A presently unexplored approach that draws on theory and practice in human health and rural development is to systematically identify and learn from the ‘outliers’—places where ecosystems are substantially better (‘bright spots’) or worse (‘dark spots’) than expected, given the environmental conditions and socioeconomic drivers they are exposed to. Here we compile data from more than 2,500 reefs worldwide and develop a Bayesian hierarchical model to generate expectations of how standing stocks of reef fish biomass are related to 18 socioeconomic drivers and environmental conditions. We identify 15 bright spots and 35 dark spots among our global survey of coral reefs, defined as sites that have biomass levels more than two standard deviations from expectations. Importantly, bright spots are not simply comprised of remote areas with low fishing pressure; they include localities where human populations and use of ecosystem resources is high, potentially providing insights into how communities have successfully confronted strong drivers of change. Conversely, dark spots are not necessarily the sites with the lowest absolute biomass and even include some remote, uninhabited locations often considered near pristine6. We surveyed local experts about social, institutional, and environmental conditions at these sites to reveal that bright spots are characterized by strong sociocultural institutions such as customary taboos and marine tenure, high levels of local engagement in management, high dependence on marine resources, and beneficial environmental conditions such as deep-water refuges. Alternatively, dark spots are characterized by intensive capture and storage technology and a recent history of environmental shocks. Our results suggest that investments in strengthening fisheries governance, particularly aspects such as participation and property rights, could facilitate innovative conservation actions that help communities defy expectations of global reef degradation.
Lancaster EPrints arrow_drop_down Lancaster EPrintsArticle . 2016 . Peer-reviewedFull-Text: https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/81029/1/Cinner_et_al_Bright_spots_Nature_second_revision.pdfData sources: Lancaster EPrintsLancaster University: Lancaster EprintsArticle . 2016License: CC BY NCFull-Text: https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/81029/1/Cinner_et_al_Bright_spots_Nature_second_revision.pdfData sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerOther literature type . 2016Data sources: ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerJames Cook University, Australia: ResearchOnline@JCUArticle . 2016Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)The University of Queensland: UQ eSpaceArticle . 2016Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1038/nature18607&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eumore_vert Lancaster EPrints arrow_drop_down Lancaster EPrintsArticle . 2016 . Peer-reviewedFull-Text: https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/81029/1/Cinner_et_al_Bright_spots_Nature_second_revision.pdfData sources: Lancaster EPrintsLancaster University: Lancaster EprintsArticle . 2016License: CC BY NCFull-Text: https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/81029/1/Cinner_et_al_Bright_spots_Nature_second_revision.pdfData sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerOther literature type . 2016Data sources: ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerJames Cook University, Australia: ResearchOnline@JCUArticle . 2016Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)The University of Queensland: UQ eSpaceArticle . 2016Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1038/nature18607&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 2018 United Kingdom, Australia, AustraliaPublisher:Wiley Funded by:ARC | Linkage Projects - Grant ...ARC| Linkage Projects - Grant ID: LP100200122Stuart J. Campbell; Graham J. Edgar; Rick D. Stuart‐Smith; German Soler; Amanda E. Bates;doi: 10.1111/cobi.12996
pmid: 28776761
AbstractConsiderable empirical evidence supports recovery of reef fish populations with fishery closures. In countries where full exclusion of people from fishing may be perceived as inequitable, fishing‐gear restrictions on nonselective and destructive gears may offer socially relevant management alternatives to build recovery of fish biomass. Even so, few researchers have statistically compared the responses of tropical reef fisheries to alternative management strategies. We tested for the effects of fishery closures and fishing gear restrictions on tropical reef fish biomass at the community and family level. We conducted 1,396 underwater surveys at 617 unique sites across a spatial hierarchy within 22 global marine ecoregions that represented 5 realms. We compared total biomass across local fish assemblages and among 20 families of reef fishes inside marine protected areas (MPAs) with different fishing restrictions: no‐take, hook‐and‐line fishing only, several fishing gears allowed, and sites open to all fishing gears. We included a further category representing remote sites, where fishing pressure is low. As expected, full fishery closures, (i.e., no‐take zones) most benefited community‐ and family‐level fish biomass in comparison with restrictions on fishing gears and openly fished sites. Although biomass responses to fishery closures were highly variable across families, some fishery targets (e.g., Carcharhinidae and Lutjanidae) responded positively to multiple restrictions on fishing gears (i.e., where gears other than hook and line were not permitted). Remoteness also positively affected the response of community‐level fish biomass and many fish families. Our findings provide strong support for the role of fishing restrictions in building recovery of fish biomass and indicate important interactions among fishing‐gear types that affect biomass of a diverse set of reef fish families.
Conservation Biology arrow_drop_down Conservation BiologyArticle . 2018 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Wiley Online Library User AgreementData sources: CrossrefUniversity of Tasmania: UTas ePrintsArticle . 2018Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1111/cobi.12996&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eumore_vert Conservation Biology arrow_drop_down Conservation BiologyArticle . 2018 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Wiley Online Library User AgreementData sources: CrossrefUniversity of Tasmania: UTas ePrintsArticle . 2018Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1111/cobi.12996&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2014 Argentina, United Kingdom, Argentina, Italy, Australia, Australia, SpainPublisher:Springer Science and Business Media LLC Stuart Kininmonth; Stuart Kininmonth; Rodrigo L. Moura; Graham J. Edgar; David Edgardo Galvan; David J. Kushner; German Soler; Neville S. Barrett; Anthony T. F. Bernard; Mikel A. Becerro; Just Berkhout; Stuart Banks; Rick D. Stuart-Smith; Günter Försterra; Antonia T. Cooper; Marlene Davey; Stuart Campbell; Colin D. Buxton; Susan C. Baker; Russell Thomson; Alejo Joaquin Irigoyen; P. Ed Parnell; Nick T. Shears; Elisabeth M. A. Strain; Trevor J. Willis; Sophie C. Edgar;pmid: 24499817
handle: 10261/180360 , 11336/30692 , 11585/264912
Les aires marines protégées (AMP) sont une composante importante et croissante de la stratégie de conservation marine, mais leur efficacité est variable et débattue ; maintenant, une étude a rassemblé des données à partir d'un échantillon mondial d'AMP et démontre que l'efficacité dépend de cinq propriétés clés : si une pêche est autorisée, les niveaux d'application, l'âge, la taille et le degré d'isolement. Les aires marines protégées sont une composante importante et croissante de la stratégie de conservation marine, mais leur efficacité est variable et beaucoup débattue. Ces auteurs rassemblent des données provenant d'un échantillon mondial de régions pêchées et de 87 aires marines protégées et démontrent que l'efficacité d'une aire protégée dépend de cinq propriétés clés : la quantité de pêche autorisée, les niveaux d'application, la durée de la protection, la zone et le degré d'isolement. La conservation n'est assurée que lorsque ces cinq cases ont été cochées. Conformément aux objectifs mondiaux convenus dans le cadre de la Convention sur la diversité biologique, le nombre d'aires marines protégées (AMP) augmente rapidement, mais les avantages socio-économiques générés par les AMP restent difficiles à prévoir et font l'objet de débats1,2. Les AMP ne parviennent souvent pas à atteindre leur plein potentiel en raison de facteurs tels que l'exploitation illégale, les réglementations qui autorisent légalement l'exploitation préjudiciable ou l'émigration des animaux en dehors des limites en raison de l'habitat continu ou de la taille inadéquate de la réserve3,4,5. Ici, nous montrons que les avantages de conservation de 87 AMP étudiées dans le monde augmentent de manière exponentielle avec l'accumulation de cinq caractéristiques clés : pas de prise, bien appliquées, vieilles (>10 ans), grandes (>100 km2) et isolées par l'eau profonde ou le sable. En utilisant des AMP efficaces avec quatre ou cinq caractéristiques clés comme norme non exploitée, les comparaisons des données d'enquête sous-marine des AMP efficaces avec les prévisions basées sur les données d'enquête des côtes pêchées indiquent que la biomasse totale de poissons a diminué d'environ deux tiers par rapport aux références historiques en raison de la pêche. Les AMP efficaces comptaient également deux fois plus d'espèces de poissons de grande taille (>250 mm de longueur totale) par transect, cinq fois plus de biomasse de poissons de grande taille et quatorze fois plus de biomasse de requins que les zones de pêche. La plupart (59 %) des AMP étudiées n'avaient qu'une ou deux caractéristiques clés et n'étaient pas écologiquement distinguables des sites de pêche. Nos résultats montrent que les objectifs mondiaux de conservation basés sur la seule superficie n'optimiseront pas la protection de la biodiversité marine. Il faut mettre davantage l'accent sur une meilleure conception des AMP, une gestion durable et la conformité pour s'assurer que les AMP atteignent la valeur de conservation souhaitée. Las áreas marinas protegidas (AMP) son un componente importante y creciente de la estrategia de protección marina, pero su efectividad es variable y debatida; ahora, un estudio ha reunido datos de una muestra global de AMP y demuestra que la efectividad depende de cinco propiedades clave: si se permite la pesca, los niveles de aplicación, la edad, el tamaño y el grado de aislamiento. Las áreas marinas protegidas son un componente importante y creciente de la estrategia de protección marina, pero su efectividad es variable y muy debatida. Estos autores reúnen datos de una muestra global de regiones pesqueras y 87 áreas marinas protegidas y demuestran que la efectividad de un área protegida depende de cinco propiedades clave: cuánta pesca está permitida, niveles de aplicación, cuánto tiempo ha estado vigente la protección, área y grado de aislamiento. La protección está asegurada solo cuando se han marcado las cinco casillas. En línea con los objetivos mundiales acordados en el marco del Convenio sobre la Diversidad Biológica, el número de áreas marinas protegidas (AMP) está aumentando rápidamente, pero los beneficios socioeconómicos generados por las AMP siguen siendo difíciles de predecir y están siendo objeto de debate1,2. Las AMP a menudo no alcanzan su máximo potencial como consecuencia de factores como la recolección ilegal, las regulaciones que permiten legalmente la recolección perjudicial o la emigración de animales fuera de los límites debido a un hábitat continuo o un tamaño inadecuado de la reserva3,4,5. Aquí mostramos que los beneficios conservadores de 87 AMP investigadas en todo el mundo aumentan exponencialmente con la acumulación de cinco características clave: sin captura, bien aplicadas, antiguas (>10 años), grandes (>100 km2) y aisladas por aguas profundas o arena. Utilizando AMP efectivas con cuatro o cinco características clave como estándar no explotado, las comparaciones de los datos de las encuestas subacuáticas de las AMP efectivas con las predicciones basadas en los datos de las encuestas de las costas pescadas indican que la biomasa total de peces ha disminuido aproximadamente dos tercios de las líneas de base históricas como resultado de la pesca. Las AMP efectivas también tenían el doble de especies de peces grandes (>250 mm de longitud total) por transecto, cinco veces más biomasa de peces grandes y catorce veces más biomasa de tiburones que las áreas de pesca. La mayoría (59%) de las AMP estudiadas tenían solo una o dos características clave y no eran ecológicamente distinguibles de los sitios de pesca. Nuestros resultados muestran que los objetivos de protección global basados en el área por sí solos no optimizarán la protección de la biodiversidad marina. Se necesita más énfasis en un mejor diseño de las AMP, una gestión duradera y el cumplimiento para garantizar que las AMP alcancen el valor de conservación deseado. Marine protected areas (MPAs) are an important and increasing component of marine conservation strategy, but their effectiveness is variable and debated; now a study has assembled data from a global sample of MPAs and demonstrates that effectiveness depends on five key properties: whether any fishing is allowed, enforcement levels, age, size and degree of isolation. Marine protected areas are an important and increasing component of marine conservation strategy, but their effectiveness is variable and much debated. These authors assemble data from a global sample of fished regions and 87 marine protected areas and demonstrate that the effectiveness of a protected area depends on five key properties: how much fishing is allowed, enforcement levels, how long protection has been in place, area and degree of isolation. Conservation is assured only when all five of these boxes have been ticked. In line with global targets agreed under the Convention on Biological Diversity, the number of marine protected areas (MPAs) is increasing rapidly, yet socio-economic benefits generated by MPAs remain difficult to predict and under debate1,2. MPAs often fail to reach their full potential as a consequence of factors such as illegal harvesting, regulations that legally allow detrimental harvesting, or emigration of animals outside boundaries because of continuous habitat or inadequate size of reserve3,4,5. Here we show that the conservation benefits of 87 MPAs investigated worldwide increase exponentially with the accumulation of five key features: no take, well enforced, old (>10 years), large (>100 km2), and isolated by deep water or sand. Using effective MPAs with four or five key features as an unfished standard, comparisons of underwater survey data from effective MPAs with predictions based on survey data from fished coasts indicate that total fish biomass has declined about two-thirds from historical baselines as a result of fishing. Effective MPAs also had twice as many large (>250 mm total length) fish species per transect, five times more large fish biomass, and fourteen times more shark biomass than fished areas. Most (59%) of the MPAs studied had only one or two key features and were not ecologically distinguishable from fished sites. Our results show that global conservation targets based on area alone will not optimize protection of marine biodiversity. More emphasis is needed on better MPA design, durable management and compliance to ensure that MPAs achieve their desired conservation value. تعد المناطق البحرية المحمية (MPAs) مكونًا مهمًا ومتزايدًا في استراتيجية الحفظ البحري، لكن فعاليتها متغيرة ومتناقضة ؛ الآن جمعت دراسة بيانات من عينة عالمية من المناطق البحرية المحمية وتوضح أن الفعالية تعتمد على خمس خصائص رئيسية: ما إذا كان يُسمح بالصيد، ومستويات الإنفاذ، والعمر، والحجم، ودرجة العزلة. تعد المناطق البحرية المحمية مكونًا مهمًا ومتزايدًا في استراتيجية الحفاظ على البيئة البحرية، ولكن فعاليتها متغيرة ومثيرة للجدل. يقوم هؤلاء المؤلفون بتجميع البيانات من عينة عالمية من المناطق المصيدة و 87 منطقة محمية بحرية ويثبتون أن فعالية المنطقة المحمية تعتمد على خمس خصائص رئيسية: مقدار الصيد المسموح به، ومستويات الإنفاذ، وطول مدة الحماية، والمنطقة، ودرجة العزلة. لا يتم ضمان الحفظ إلا عند وضع علامة على جميع هذه الصناديق الخمسة. تماشياً مع الأهداف العالمية المتفق عليها بموجب اتفاقية التنوع البيولوجي، يتزايد عدد المناطق البحرية المحمية (MPAs) بسرعة، ومع ذلك لا تزال الفوائد الاجتماعية والاقتصادية الناتجة عن المناطق البحرية المحمية يصعب التنبؤ بها وتخضع للمناقشة1,2. غالبًا ما تفشل المناطق البحرية المحمية في الوصول إلى إمكاناتها الكاملة نتيجة لعوامل مثل الحصاد غير القانوني، أو اللوائح التي تسمح قانونًا بالحصاد الضار، أو هجرة الحيوانات خارج الحدود بسبب الموائل المستمرة أو عدم كفاية حجم المحمية3، 4، 5. نوضح هنا أن فوائد الحفظ لـ 87 منطقة محمية بحرية تم التحقيق فيها في جميع أنحاء العالم تزداد بشكل كبير مع تراكم خمس ميزات رئيسية: لا تأخذ، تطبق بشكل جيد، قديمة (>10 سنوات)، كبيرة (>100 كيلومتر مربع)، ومعزولة بالمياه العميقة أو الرمال. باستخدام المناطق البحرية المحمية الفعالة مع أربع أو خمس سمات رئيسية كمعيار غير مكتمل، تشير مقارنات بيانات المسح تحت الماء من المناطق البحرية المحمية الفعالة مع التنبؤات المستندة إلى بيانات المسح من السواحل المصيدة إلى أن إجمالي الكتلة الحيوية للأسماك قد انخفض بنحو الثلثين عن خطوط الأساس التاريخية نتيجة لصيد الأسماك. تحتوي المناطق البحرية المحمية الفعالة أيضًا على ضعف عدد أنواع الأسماك الكبيرة (>250 مم إجمالي الطول) لكل مقطع، وخمسة أضعاف الكتلة الحيوية للأسماك الكبيرة، وأربعة عشر ضعف الكتلة الحيوية لأسماك القرش مقارنة بالمناطق التي يتم صيدها. كان لمعظم المناطق البحرية المحمية التي تمت دراستها (59 ٪) سمة رئيسية واحدة أو اثنتين فقط ولم يكن من الممكن تمييزها بيئيًا عن المواقع التي يتم صيد الأسماك فيها. تظهر نتائجنا أن أهداف الحفظ العالمية القائمة على المساحة وحدها لن تحسن حماية التنوع البيولوجي البحري. هناك حاجة إلى مزيد من التركيز على تصميم أفضل للمناطق المحمية البحرية والإدارة الدائمة والامتثال لضمان تحقيق المناطق المحمية البحرية لقيمة الحفظ المطلوبة.
Nature arrow_drop_down Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAArticle . 2014 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAUniversity of Portsmouth: Portsmouth Research PortalArticle . 2014Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)University of Western Sydney (UWS): Research DirectArticle . 2014Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)University of Tasmania: UTas ePrintsArticle . 2005Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eumore_vert Nature arrow_drop_down Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAArticle . 2014 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAUniversity of Portsmouth: Portsmouth Research PortalArticle . 2014Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)University of Western Sydney (UWS): Research DirectArticle . 2014Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)University of Tasmania: UTas ePrintsArticle . 2005Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 2019 AustraliaPublisher:Wiley Bejarano, Sonia; Pardede, Shinta; Campbell, Stuart J.; Hoey, Andrew; Ferse, Sebastian C.A.;doi: 10.1002/eap.1981
pmid: 31349375
AbstractSecuring ecosystem functions is challenging, yet common priority in conservation efforts. While marine parks aim to meet this challenge by regulating fishing through zoning plans, their effectiveness hinges on compliance levels and may respond to changes in fishing practices. Here we use a speciose assemblage of nominally herbivorous reef fish in Karimunjawa National Park (zoned since 1989) to investigate whether areas subject to a restrictive management regime sustained higher biomass over seven years compared to areas where moderate and permissive regulations apply. Using a trait‐based approach we characterize the functional space of the entire species pool and ask whether changes in biomass translate into changes in functional structure. We track changes in predator biomass, benthic community structure, and fishing practices that could influence herbivore trajectories. Overall herbivore biomass doubled in 2012 compared to 2006–2009 and remained high in 2013 across all management regimes. We found no evidence that this biomass build‐up resulted from predator depletion or increased food availability but suggest it emerged in response to a park‐wide cessation of fishing with large drive nets known as muroami. The biomass increase was accompanied by a modest increase in taxonomic richness and a slight decrease in community‐scale rarity that did not alter functional redundancy levels. Subtle changes in both functional specialization and identity of assemblages emerged as generalist species with low intrinsic vulnerability to fishing recovered sooner than more vulnerable specialists. While this implies a recovery of mechanisms responsible for the grazing of algal turfs and detritus, restoring other facets of herbivory (e.g., macroalgal consumption) may require more time. An increase in the cost‐benefit ratio per journey of muroami fishing facilitated a ban on muroami nets that met minimal resistance. Similar windows of opportunity may emerge elsewhere in which gear‐based regulations can supplement zoning plans, especially when compliance is low. This does not advocate for implementing such regulations once a fishery has become unprofitable. Rather, it underlines their importance for breaking the cycle of resource depletion and low compliance to zoning, thus alleviating the resulting threats to food security and ecosystem integrity.
James Cook Universit... arrow_drop_down James Cook University, Australia: ResearchOnline@JCUArticle . 2019Full-Text: https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1981Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eumore_vert James Cook Universit... arrow_drop_down James Cook University, Australia: ResearchOnline@JCUArticle . 2019Full-Text: https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1981Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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