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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Hannan, M. A.; Lipu, M. S.Hossain; Ker, Pin Jern; Begum, R. A.; +2 Authors

    Global energy consumption is increasing at a dramatic rate and will likely continue to do so. The major source of energy is still fossil fuel, which has resulted in the well-documented problem of global warming due to the emission of greenhouse gases from the burning of such fuel. Climate change and global warming are among the crucial and complex issues encountered by the world today, and they require an immediate solution. Technological innovation is the key to ensuring energy security without causing emissions and providing efficient cost-effective energy solutions. Power electronic technologies offer high reliability and renewable energy conversion efficiency, thus contributing to energy conservation, improving energy efficiency, and helping in the mitigation of harmful global emissions. This review focuses on various aspects of power electronic technologies and their importance in tackling carbon emission and global warming problems. The key topologies of power electronic converters are explained based on types, control difficulties, benefits, and drawbacks. Power electronic controllers utilized for energy conversion are comprehensively reviewed with regard to their structure, algorithm complexity, strengths and weaknesses, and mathematical modeling. The review focuses on power converters and controllers used in different applications and highlight their contributions to energy conservation, increasing the share of renewable energy sources, and mitigating emissions. Moreover, existing research gaps, issues, and challenges are identified. The insights provided by are expected to lead to the enhanced development of advanced power electronic converters and controllers for sustainable energy conversion. Such development can reduce carbon emissions and mitigate global warming.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Aalborg University R...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    VBN
    Article . 2019
    Data sources: VBN
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Applied Energy
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
    Data sources: Crossref
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Aalborg University R...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      VBN
      Article . 2019
      Data sources: VBN
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Applied Energy
      Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Elsevier TDM
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: M.F. Roslan; Ali Q. Al-Shetwi; M. A. Hannan; Pin Jern Ker; +1 Authors

    The lack of control in voltage overshoot, transient response, and steady state error are major issues that are frequently encountered in a grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system, resulting in poor power quality performance and damages to the overall power system. This paper presents the performance of a control strategy for an inverter in a three-phase grid-connected PV system. The system consists of a PV panel, a boost converter, a DC link, an inverter, and a resistor-inductor (RL) filter and is connected to the utility grid through a voltage source inverter. The main objective of the proposed strategy is to improve the power quality performance of the three-phase grid-connected inverter system by optimising the proportional-integral (PI) controller. Such a strategy aims to reduce the DC link input voltage fluctuation, decrease the harmonics, and stabilise the output current, voltage, frequency, and power flow. The particle swarm optimisation (PSO) technique was implemented to tune the PI controller parameters by minimising the error of the voltage regulator and current controller schemes in the inverter system. The system model and control strategies were implemented using MATLAB/Simulink environment (Version 2020A) Simscape-Power system toolbox. Results show that the proposed strategy outperformed other reported research works with total harmonic distortion (THD) at a grid voltage and current of 0.29% and 2.72%, respectively, and a transient response time of 0.1853s. Compared to conventional systems, the PI controller with PSO-based optimization provides less voltage overshoot by 11.1% while reducing the time to reach equilibrium state by 32.6%. The consideration of additional input parameters and the optimization of input parameters were identified to be the two main factors that contribute to the significant improvements in power quality control. Therefore, the proposed strategy effectively enhances the power quality of the utility grid, and such an enhancement contributes to the efficient and smooth integration of the PV system.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ PLoS ONEarrow_drop_down
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    PLoS ONE
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    PLoS ONE
    Article
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    PLoS ONE
    Article . 2021
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    PubMed Central
    Other literature type . 2020
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: PubMed Central
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    PLoS ONE
    Article . 2020
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/wt...
    Other literature type . 2020
    Data sources: Datacite
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    Other literature type . 2020
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ PLoS ONEarrow_drop_down
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      PLoS ONE
      Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
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      PLoS ONE
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      PLoS ONE
      Article . 2021
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      PubMed Central
      Other literature type . 2020
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: PubMed Central
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      PLoS ONE
      Article . 2020
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/wt...
      Other literature type . 2020
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/mp...
      Other literature type . 2020
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Mansur Mohammed Ali Gamel; Pin Jern Ker; Wan Emilin Suliza Wan Abdul Rashid; Hui Jing Lee; +2 Authors

    La investigación sobre el efecto de las intensidades de potencia de iluminación para un sistema termofotovoltaico (TPV) es crucial para mejorar el rendimiento de la célula TPV. Hasta la fecha, los estudios sobre el efecto de las intensidades de iluminación se limitaban a la aplicación de células solares fotovoltaicas. Mientras tanto, el trabajo informado sobre el impacto de las intensidades de iluminación infrarroja en las células TPV se realiza a temperaturas e intensidades limitadas. Los efectos de las intensidades de TPV en todos los parámetros de rendimiento no se estudian exhaustivamente ni se aclaran por completo. Por lo tanto, este documento investiga el rendimiento de las células de germanio (Ge) con banda prohibida indirecta y de arseniuro de galio e indio (InGaAs) con banda prohibida directa bajo diversas irradiancias espectrales de TPV. Se utilizó el software de simulación Silvaco TCAD para investigar el efecto de las temperaturas del cuerpo negro que oscilan entre 800 y 2000 K con diferentes intensidades de iluminación en el rendimiento de las celdas TPV. Se encontró que se logran mayores eficiencias de conversión para ambas celdas TPV bajo intensidades de iluminación más altas debido al aumento en el voltaje de circuito abierto y el factor de llenado. A medida que la intensidad del haz aumenta para temperaturas >1600 K, el factor de llenado aumenta lentamente para la celda Ge, pero disminuye para la celda InGaAs debido al aumento en las pérdidas de I 2 R s asociadas con la alta corriente. El hallazgo demuestra que el voltaje de circuito abierto de la celda TPV de banda prohibida indirecta aumenta significativamente con mayores intensidades de iluminación. Las variaciones en el rendimiento de las células se explican explícitamente en función de factores como la estructura de diseño del TPV y las propiedades físicas del semiconductor a diferentes intensidades de iluminación. También se analizó el rendimiento de ambas células TPV a las pérdidas ópticas mínimas. Las eficiencias promedio de las células de Ge e InGaAs TPV aumentaron a 26.05% y 27.92%, respectivamente, cuando las pérdidas ópticas se minimizaron con un recubrimiento antirreflectante y una capa absorbente más gruesa. Los resultados de este trabajo demuestran que mediante la consideración detallada del efecto de las irradiancias espectrales, se puede desarrollar un sistema TPV de alto rendimiento. L'étude de l'effet des intensités de puissance d'éclairage pour un système thermophotovoltaïque (TPV) est cruciale pour améliorer les performances de la cellule TPV. À ce jour, les études sur l'effet des intensités d'éclairage se sont limitées à l'application des cellules solaires photovoltaïques. Pendant ce temps, les travaux rapportés sur l'impact des intensités d'éclairage infrarouge sur les cellules TPV sont effectués à des températures et des intensités limitées. Les effets des intensités de TPV sur tous les paramètres de performance ne sont pas étudiés de manière exhaustive et entièrement élucidés. Par conséquent, cet article étudie la performance des cellules d'arséniure de germanium (Ge) et d'indium gallium (InGaAs) à bande interdite indirecte sous diverses irradiances spectrales TPV. Le logiciel de simulation Silvaco TCAD a été utilisé pour étudier l'effet des températures du corps noir allant de 800 à 2000 K avec différentes intensités d'éclairage sur les performances des cellules TPV. Il a été constaté que des rendements de conversion plus élevés sont obtenus pour les deux cellules TPV sous des intensités d'éclairage plus élevées en raison de l'augmentation de la tension en circuit ouvert et du facteur de remplissage. Lorsque l'intensité du faisceau augmente pour des températures >1600 K, le facteur de remplissage augmente lentement pour la cellule Ge, mais diminue pour la cellule InGaAs en raison de l'augmentation des pertes I 2 R s associées au courant élevé. La découverte démontre que la tension en circuit ouvert de la cellule TPV à bande interdite indirecte est significativement augmentée avec des intensités d'éclairage plus élevées. Les variations dans les performances des cellules sont explicitement expliquées en fonction de facteurs tels que la structure de conception TPV et les propriétés physiques du semi-conducteur à des intensités d'éclairage variables. Les performances des deux cellules TPV ont également été analysées aux pertes optiques minimales. Les efficacités moyennes des cellules TPV Ge et InGaAs ont été augmentées à 26,05% et 27,92%, respectivement, lorsque les pertes optiques ont été minimisées avec un revêtement antireflet et une couche absorbante plus épaisse. Les résultats de ce travail démontrent que par une prise en compte détaillée de l'effet des irradiances spectrales, un système TPV performant peut être développé. The investigation on the effect of illumination power intensities for a thermophotovoltaic (TPV) system is crucial to enhance the TPV cell performance. To date, the studies on the effect of illumination intensities were limited to solar photovoltaic cells application. Meanwhile, the reported work on the impact of infrared illumination intensities on TPV cells are done at limited temperatures and intensities. The effects of TPV intensities on all performance parameters are not comprehensively studied and fully elucidated. Therefore, this paper investigates the performance of indirect-bandgap Germanium (Ge) and direct-bandgap Indium Gallium Arsenide (InGaAs) cells under various TPV spectral irradiances. Silvaco TCAD simulation software was used to investigate the effect of blackbody temperatures ranging from 800 to 2000 K with different illumination intensities on the TPV cell performances. It was found that higher conversion efficiencies are achieved for both TPV cells under higher illumination intensities due to the increase in open-circuit voltage and fill factor. As the beam intensity increases for temperatures >1600 K, fill factor slowly increases for the Ge cell, but decreases for the InGaAs cell due to the increase in the I 2 R s losses associated with the high current. The finding demonstrates that the open-circuit voltage of indirect-bandgap TPV cell is significantly increased with higher illumination intensities. The variations in cells performance are explicitly explained based on factors such as TPV design structure and the physical properties of semiconductor at varying illumination intensities. The performance of both TPV cells were also analyzed at the minimum optical losses. Average efficiencies of Ge and InGaAs TPV cells were increased to 26.05% and 27.92%, respectively, when the optical losses were minimized with anti-reflection coating and thicker absorber layer. The results of this work demonstrate that by detailed consideration of the effect of spectral irradiances, a high-performance TPV system can be developed. يعد التحقيق في تأثير شدة طاقة الإضاءة لنظام الخلايا الكهروضوئية الحرارية (TPV) أمرًا بالغ الأهمية لتعزيز أداء خلايا الخلايا الكهروضوئية الحرارية. حتى الآن، اقتصرت الدراسات حول تأثير شدة الإضاءة على تطبيق الخلايا الشمسية الكهروضوئية. وفي الوقت نفسه، يتم العمل المبلغ عنه بشأن تأثير شدة الإضاءة بالأشعة تحت الحمراء على خلايا TPV في درجات حرارة وشدة محدودة. لم يتم دراسة آثار شدة TPV على جميع معايير الأداء بشكل شامل وتوضيحها بالكامل. لذلك، تبحث هذه الورقة في أداء خلايا الجرمانيوم غير المباشر (Ge) وخلايا زرنيخيد الإنديوم الغاليوم (InGaAs) ذات النطاق الترددي المباشر تحت إشعاعات طيفية مختلفة TPV. تم استخدام برنامج محاكاة Silvaco TCAD للتحقيق في تأثير درجات حرارة الجسم الأسود التي تتراوح من 800 إلى 2000 كلفن مع شدة إضاءة مختلفة على أداء خلايا TPV. وجد أنه يتم تحقيق كفاءات تحويل أعلى لكل من خلايا TPV تحت شدة إضاءة أعلى بسبب الزيادة في جهد الدائرة المفتوحة وعامل التعبئة. مع زيادة شدة الحزمة لدرجات الحرارة >1600 كلفن، يزداد عامل التعبئة ببطء للخلية Ge، ولكنه ينخفض لخلية InGaAs بسبب الزيادة في خسائر I 2 R المرتبطة بالتيار العالي. توضح النتيجة أن جهد الدائرة المفتوحة لخلية TPV ذات النطاق الترددي غير المباشر يزداد بشكل كبير مع شدة إضاءة أعلى. يتم شرح الاختلافات في أداء الخلايا بشكل صريح بناءً على عوامل مثل بنية تصميم TPV والخصائص الفيزيائية لأشباه الموصلات عند شدة إضاءة متفاوتة. كما تم تحليل أداء كل من خلايا TPV عند الحد الأدنى من الخسائر البصرية. تم زيادة متوسط كفاءة خلايا Ge و InGaAs TPV إلى 26.05 ٪ و 27.92 ٪ على التوالي، عندما تم تقليل الخسائر البصرية بطبقة مضادة للانعكاس وطبقة امتصاص أكثر سمكًا. تُظهر نتائج هذا العمل أنه من خلال النظر التفصيلي في تأثير الإشعاعات الطيفية، يمكن تطوير نظام TPV عالي الأداء.

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    IEEE Access
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/5v...
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/5v...
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    Authors: S.B. Wali; M.A. Hannan; Pin Jern Ker; MS Abd Rahman; +4 Authors
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Journal of Cleaner P...arrow_drop_down
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    Journal of Cleaner Production
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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      Journal of Cleaner Production
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    Authors: K. Parvin; M. S. Hossain Lipu; M. A. Hannan; Majid A. Abdullah; +6 Authors

    Les bâtiments représentent une quantité importante de consommation d'énergie, ce qui entraîne des problèmes d'émissions mondiales et de changement climatique. Ainsi, la gestion de l'énergie dans un bâtiment est de plus en plus explorée en raison de son potentiel important de réduction des dépenses globales d'électricité pour les consommateurs et d'atténuation des émissions de carbone. En ligne avec cela, un plus grand contrôle et une optimisation de la gestion de l'énergie intégrée aux ressources énergétiques renouvelables sont nécessaires pour améliorer l'efficacité énergétique des bâtiments tout en satisfaisant le confort de l'environnement intérieur. Même si des mesures sont prises pour réduire la consommation d'énergie dans les bâtiments avec plusieurs techniques d'optimisation et de contrôle, certains problèmes restent non résolus. Par conséquent, ce travail fournit un examen complet des méthodes de contrôle conventionnelles et intelligentes en mettant l'accent sur leur classification, leurs caractéristiques, leur configuration, leurs avantages et leurs inconvénients. Cet examen examine de manière critique les différents objectifs et contraintes d'optimisation en ce qui concerne la gestion du confort, la consommation d'énergie et la planification. En outre, la revue décrit les différentes approches méthodologiques des algorithmes d'optimisation utilisés dans la gestion de l'énergie des bâtiments. Les contributions du contrôleur et de l'optimisation dans la gestion de l'énergie des bâtiments avec la relation des objectifs de développement durable (ODD) sont expliquées rigoureusement. Des discussions sur les principaux défis des méthodes existantes sont présentées afin d'identifier les lacunes pour les recherches futures. L'examen fournit des orientations futures efficaces qui seraient bénéfiques pour les chercheurs et les industriels afin de concevoir un contrôleur optimisé efficacement pour la gestion de l'énergie du bâtiment en vue de cibler les ODD. Los edificios representan una cantidad significativa de consumo de energía que conduce a los problemas de las emisiones globales y el cambio climático. Por lo tanto, la gestión de la energía en un edificio se explora cada vez más debido a su importante potencial para reducir los gastos generales de electricidad para los consumidores y mitigar las emisiones de carbono. En línea con ello, se requiere un mayor control y optimización de la gestión energética integrada con los recursos energéticos renovables para mejorar la eficiencia energética del edificio a la vez que se satisface el confort del entorno interior. A pesar de que se están tomando medidas para reducir el consumo de energía en edificios con varias técnicas de optimización y control, algunos problemas siguen sin resolverse. Por lo tanto, este trabajo proporciona una revisión exhaustiva de los métodos de control convencionales e inteligentes con énfasis en su clasificación, características, configuración, beneficios e inconvenientes. Esta revisión investiga críticamente los diferentes objetivos y restricciones de optimización con respecto a la gestión del confort, el consumo de energía y la programación. Además, la revisión describe los diferentes enfoques metodológicos de los algoritmos de optimización utilizados en la gestión energética de los edificios. Se explican de forma rigurosa los aportes del controlador y la optimización en la gestión energética del edificio con la relación de los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible (ODS). Se presentan discusiones sobre los desafíos clave de los métodos existentes para identificar las brechas para futuras investigaciones. La revisión ofrece algunas direcciones futuras efectivas que serían beneficiosas para los investigadores e industriales para diseñar un controlador optimizado de manera eficiente para la gestión de la energía de los edificios hacia la consecución de los ODS. Buildings account for a significant amount of energy consumption leading to the issues of global emissions and climate change. Thus, energy management in a building is increasingly explored due to its significant potential in reducing the overall electricity expenses for the consumers and mitigating carbon emissions. In line with that, the greater control and optimization of energy management integrated with renewable energy resources is required to improve building energy efficiency while satisfying indoor environment comfort. Even though actions are being taken to reduce the energy consumption in buildings with several optimization and controller techniques, yet some issues remain unsolved. Therefore, this work provides a comprehensive review of the conventional and intelligent control methods with emphasis on their classification, features, configuration, benefits, and drawbacks. This review critically investigates the different optimization objectives and constraints with respect to comfort management, energy consumption, and scheduling. Furthermore, the review outlines the different methodological approaches to optimization algorithms used in building energy management. The contributions of controller and optimization in building energy management with the relation of sustainable development goals (SDGs) are explained rigorously. Discussions on the key challenges of the existing methods are presented to identify the gaps for future research. The review delivers some effective future directions that would be beneficial to the researchers and industrialists to design an efficiently optimized controller for building energy management toward targeting SDGs. تمثل المباني كمية كبيرة من استهلاك الطاقة مما يؤدي إلى قضايا الانبعاثات العالمية وتغير المناخ. وبالتالي، يتم استكشاف إدارة الطاقة في المبنى بشكل متزايد بسبب إمكاناته الكبيرة في تقليل نفقات الكهرباء الإجمالية للمستهلكين والتخفيف من انبعاثات الكربون. وتماشياً مع ذلك، يلزم زيادة التحكم في إدارة الطاقة المتكاملة مع موارد الطاقة المتجددة وتحسينها لتحسين كفاءة استخدام الطاقة في المباني مع إرضاء راحة البيئة الداخلية. على الرغم من اتخاذ إجراءات لتقليل استهلاك الطاقة في المباني باستخدام العديد من تقنيات التحسين والتحكم، إلا أن بعض المشكلات لا تزال دون حل. لذلك، يوفر هذا العمل مراجعة شاملة لأساليب التحكم التقليدية والذكية مع التركيز على تصنيفها وميزاتها وتكوينها وفوائدها وعيوبها. تبحث هذه المراجعة بشكل نقدي في أهداف وقيود التحسين المختلفة فيما يتعلق بإدارة الراحة واستهلاك الطاقة والجدولة. علاوة على ذلك، تحدد المراجعة الأساليب المنهجية المختلفة لخوارزميات التحسين المستخدمة في بناء إدارة الطاقة. يتم شرح مساهمات المراقب والتحسين في بناء إدارة الطاقة مع العلاقة بين أهداف التنمية المستدامة (SDGs) بدقة. يتم تقديم مناقشات حول التحديات الرئيسية للطرق الحالية لتحديد الثغرات للبحث في المستقبل. تقدم المراجعة بعض الاتجاهات المستقبلية الفعالة التي ستكون مفيدة للباحثين والصناعيين لتصميم وحدة تحكم محسنة بكفاءة لبناء إدارة الطاقة نحو استهداف أهداف التنمية المستدامة.

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      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/ex...
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    Authors: Siti Rosilah Arsad; Muhamad Haziq Hasnul Hadi; Nayli Aliah Mohd Afandi; Pin Jern Ker; +6 Authors

    The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted global energy markets and caused significant socio-economic impacts worldwide, including the energy sector due to lockdowns and restricted economic activity. This paper presents a comprehensive and analytical review of the impact of COVID-19 on the energy sector and explores the potential role of artificial intelligence (AI) in mitigating its effects. This review examines the changes in energy demand patterns during the pre-, mid-, and post-pandemic periods, analyzing their implications for the energy industries, including policymaking, communication, digital technology, energy conversion, the environment, energy markets, and power systems. Additionally, we explore how AI can enhance energy efficiency, optimize energy use, and reduce energy wastage. The potential of AI in developing sustainable energy systems is discussed, along with the challenges it poses in the energy sector’s response to the pandemic. The recommendations for AI applications in the energy sector for the transition to a more sustainable energy future, with examples drawn from previous successful studies, are outlined. Information corroborated in this review is expected to provide important guidelines for crafting future research areas and directions in preparing the energy sector for any unforeseen circumstances or pandemic-like situations.

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    Energies
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    Energies
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      Energies
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    Authors: M.A. Hannan; Maher G. M. Abdolrasol; Mohammad Faisal; Pin Jern Ker; +2 Authors

    Cet article présente un nouveau contrôleur de calendrier optimal pour gérer les ressources énergétiques renouvelables (res) dans les centrales électriques virtuelles (VPP) à l'aide d'un algorithme d'optimisation de l'essaim de particules binaires (BPSO). Il est crucial de minimiser les coûts en donnant la priorité à l'utilisation durable des ressources au lieu d'acheter sur le réseau national. L'efficacité de l'approche proposée est examinée par le système de bus IEEE 14 contenant des micro-réseaux (MG) intégrés aux res sous la forme de VPP.La demande de charge réelle enregistrée est utilisée pour modéliser et simuler les des études de cas de test du système pendant 24 h à Perlis, en Malaisie.En outre, les données météorologiques recueillies auprès du Département météorologique malaisien, telles que les données sur l'état du vent, du soleil, du carburant et de la batterie, sont utilisées dans le BPSO pour trouver les meilleurs horaires ON et OFF.Les résultats ont révélé que l'algorithme BPSO développé est robuste en matière de réduction de la consommation d'énergie et des émissions du VPP.Cette étude contribue au développement d'un algorithme d'optimisation pour un contrôleur de planification optimal du VPP intégré MG afin de réduire les émissions de carbone et de gérer l'énergie durable.Enfin, une analyse comparative de les algorithmes optimaux par rapport aux conventionnels justifient l'utilisation de l'intégration des sources d'énergie renouvelables et valident le BPSO développé pour la gestion durable de l'énergie et la réduction des émissions. Este documento presenta un novedoso controlador de cronograma óptimo para administrar los recursos de energía renovable (RES) en la planta de energía virtual (VPP) utilizando un algoritmo de optimización de enjambre de partículas binarias (BPSO). Es crucial minimizar los costos dando prioridad al uso de recursos sostenibles en lugar de comprar de la red nacional. La efectividad del enfoque propuesto es examinada por el sistema de bus IEEE 14 que contiene microrredes (MG) integradas con RES en forma de VPP.La demanda de carga real registrada se utiliza para modelar y simular la estudios de casos de prueba del sistema durante 24 h en Perlis, Malasia. Además, los datos meteorológicos recopilados del Departamento Meteorológico de Malasia, como los datos eólicos, solares, de combustible y de estado de la batería, se utilizan en el BPSO para encontrar los mejores horarios de encendido y APAGADO. Los resultados encontraron que el algoritmo BPSO desarrollado es sólido para reducir el consumo de energía y las emisiones del VPP.Este estudio contribuye al desarrollo de un algoritmo de optimización para un controlador de programación óptimo del VPP integrado de MG con el fin de reducir las emisiones de carbono y gestionar la energía sostenible. Por último, un análisis comparativo de los algoritmos óptimos sobre los convencionales justifican el uso de la integración de RES y validan el BPSO desarrollado para la gestión sostenible de la energía y la reducción de emisiones. This paper introduces a novel optimal schedule controller to manage renewable energy resources (RESs) in virtual power plant (VPP) using binary particle swarm optimization (BPSO) algorithm.It is crucial to minimize the costs giving priority for sustainable resources use instead of purchasing from the national grid.The effectiveness of the proposed approach is examined by the IEEE 14 bus system containing microgrids (MGs) integrated with RESs in the form of VPP.Real load demand recorded is used to model and simulate the test case studies of the system for 24 h in Perlis, Malaysia.Moreover, weather data collected from the Malaysian Meteorological Department such as wind, solar, fuel, and battery status data are used in the BPSO to find the best ON and OFF schedules.The results found that the developed BPSO algorithm is robust in reducing energy consumption and emissions of the VPP.This study contributes to the development of an optimization algorithm for an optimal scheduling controller of MG integrated VPP in order to reduce carbon emissions and manage sustainable energy.Finally, a comparative analysis of the optimal algorithms over conventional justifies the use of RESs integration and validates the developed BPSO for sustainable energy management and emissions reduction. تقدم هذه الورقة وحدة تحكم في الجدول الزمني الأمثل لإدارة موارد الطاقة المتجددة (RESs) في محطة الطاقة الافتراضية (VPP) باستخدام خوارزمية تحسين سرب الجسيمات الثنائية (BPSO). من الأهمية بمكان تقليل التكاليف مع إعطاء الأولوية لاستخدام الموارد المستدامة بدلاً من الشراء من الشبكة الوطنية. يتم فحص فعالية النهج المقترح من خلال نظام ناقل IEEE 14 الذي يحتوي على شبكات دقيقة (MGs) مدمجة مع RESs في شكل VPP. يتم استخدام طلب الحمل الحقيقي المسجل لنمذجة ومحاكاة دراسات حالة اختبار النظام لمدة 24 ساعة في بيرليس، ماليزيا. علاوة على ذلك، يتم استخدام بيانات الطقس التي تم جمعها من إدارة الأرصاد الجوية الماليزية مثل بيانات حالة الرياح والطاقة الشمسية والوقود والبطارية في BPSO للعثور على أفضل الجداول الزمنية للتشغيل والإيقاف. وجدت النتائج أن خوارزمية BPSO المطورة قوية في تقليل استهلاك الطاقة والانبعاثات من VPP. تساهم هذه الدراسة في تطوير خوارزمية تحسين لوحدة تحكم جدولة مثالية لـ MG Integrated VPP من أجل تقليل انبعاثات الكربون وإدارة الطاقة المستدامة. أخيرًا، تحليل مقارن تبرر الخوارزميات المثلى على التقليدية استخدام تكامل RESs وتتحقق من صحة BPSO المطور لإدارة الطاقة المستدامة وخفض الانبعاثات.

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    IEEE Access
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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    IEEE Access
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/qe...
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      IEEE Access
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      IEEE Access
      Article . 2019
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/qe...
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Cuo Zhang; Rawshan Ara Begum; Rawshan Ara Begum; M. Faisal; +3 Authors

    Abstract Carbon emission from the burning of fossil fuel has resulted in global warming. Climate change and global warming are among the most complex issues requiring immediate solutions. Microgrid (MG) based on renewable energy sources (RESs) can be used to reduce the carbon intensity of electricity and achieve the global decarbonization goal by 2050. Optimizing the size of the energy storage system (ESS) can ensure the sustainable, resilient, and economic operation of the MG. Thus, key features of the optimal ESS, including methods and algorithms of ESS sizing, power quality, reliability, connection mode, and public policy enforcement for low-carbon emission, must be identified. Existing literature mostly focuses on the cost-effective optimal sizing method based on capacity minimization, which overlooks other issues. This work reviews the features of optimal ESS sizing methods and algorithms, their characteristics, and the scenarios between ESS and decarbonization in MG applications to address their shortcomings. ESS characteristics on storage type, energy density, efficiency, advantages, and issues are analyzed. This review highlights details of ESS sizing to optimize storage capacity, reduce consumption, minimize storage cost, determine the optimal placement and mitigate carbon emission for decarbonization. The analyses on the understanding of decarbonization in relation to the use of ESS in MG scenarios are explained rigorously. Existing research gaps, issues, and challenges of ESS sizing for next-generation MG development are also highlighted. This review will strengthen the efforts of researchers and industrialists to develop an optimally sized ESS for future MGs that can contribute toward achieving the decarbonization goal.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ UNSWorksarrow_drop_down
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
      Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Dickshon N. T. How; Mahammad A. Hannan; Molla S. Hossain Lipu; Khairul S. M. Sahari; +2 Authors

    The state-of-charge (SOC) estimation is a crucial parameter of a lithium-ion battery it depends on numerous incalculable factors such as battery chemistry, ambient environment, aging factor, etc. This paper develops a state of charge (SOC) estimation model for a lithium-ion battery using an improved deep neural network (DNN) approach in electric vehicle applications. The DNN is suitable for SOC estimation due its sufficient hidden layer which is capable of predicting the SOC of unseen drive cycle during training. A series of DNN models with varying number of hidden layers and its training algorithm is developed to investigate the training performance of different drive cycles. It is observed that adding hidden layers in DNN decreases the error rate and improves the SOC estimation. This study also shows that the 7-layer of DNN training on dynamic stress test (DST) drive cycle is capable of predicting SOC values unexpectedly well of other unseen drive cycles such as federal urban driving schedule (FUDS), Beijing dynamic stress test (BJDST), and supplemental federal test procedure (US06), respectively.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao IEEE Transactions on...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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    https://doi.org/10.1109/ias.20...
    Conference object . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao IEEE Transactions on...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications
      Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      https://doi.org/10.1109/ias.20...
      Conference object . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Khadija Parvin; Ali Q. Al-Shetwi; M.A. Hannan; Pin Jern Ker;

    While home energy prices keep rising, homeowners nowadays are searching for the right options to reduce their electricity bills. Besides, the increase in power consumption can contribute to environmental pollution. Therefore, the proper management of energy in the domestic sector is a vital element for creating a sustainable environment and cost reduction. In this study, the most domestic household appliances consumption of energy are modelled and analysed using the fuzzy logic controller (FLC) in order to permit the home energy management system (HEMS) to perform energy utilization estimation and cost analysis. These appliances are the heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC), electric water heater (EWH), and lighting, respectively. The developed system can help to analyse the appliances’ energy consumption and cost sceneries during peak and off-peak hours. The modelling of a fuzzy-based domestic appliances controller for HEMS takes the peak and non-peak tariff of Malaysian grid into consideration. The simulation results demonstrate that the developed models are able to manage energy consumption and cost reduction efficiently. By using the proposed FLC, the cost of energy is reduced by 21.75 %, 30.77 %, and 41.96 % for the HVAC, EWH, and dimmable lamps, respectively. In sum, the FLC shows good performance to reduce the cost and power consumption toward efficient HEMS.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Elektronika ir Elekt...arrow_drop_down
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    Elektronika ir Elektrotechnika
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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    Elektronika ir Elektrotechnika
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    Elektronika ir Elektrotechnika
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Elektronika ir Elekt...arrow_drop_down
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      Elektronika ir Elektrotechnika
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      Elektronika ir Elektrotechnika
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      Elektronika ir Elektrotechnika
      Article . 2021
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Hannan, M. A.; Lipu, M. S.Hossain; Ker, Pin Jern; Begum, R. A.; +2 Authors

    Global energy consumption is increasing at a dramatic rate and will likely continue to do so. The major source of energy is still fossil fuel, which has resulted in the well-documented problem of global warming due to the emission of greenhouse gases from the burning of such fuel. Climate change and global warming are among the crucial and complex issues encountered by the world today, and they require an immediate solution. Technological innovation is the key to ensuring energy security without causing emissions and providing efficient cost-effective energy solutions. Power electronic technologies offer high reliability and renewable energy conversion efficiency, thus contributing to energy conservation, improving energy efficiency, and helping in the mitigation of harmful global emissions. This review focuses on various aspects of power electronic technologies and their importance in tackling carbon emission and global warming problems. The key topologies of power electronic converters are explained based on types, control difficulties, benefits, and drawbacks. Power electronic controllers utilized for energy conversion are comprehensively reviewed with regard to their structure, algorithm complexity, strengths and weaknesses, and mathematical modeling. The review focuses on power converters and controllers used in different applications and highlight their contributions to energy conservation, increasing the share of renewable energy sources, and mitigating emissions. Moreover, existing research gaps, issues, and challenges are identified. The insights provided by are expected to lead to the enhanced development of advanced power electronic converters and controllers for sustainable energy conversion. Such development can reduce carbon emissions and mitigate global warming.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Aalborg University R...arrow_drop_down
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    Applied Energy
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      Applied Energy
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    Authors: M.F. Roslan; Ali Q. Al-Shetwi; M. A. Hannan; Pin Jern Ker; +1 Authors

    The lack of control in voltage overshoot, transient response, and steady state error are major issues that are frequently encountered in a grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system, resulting in poor power quality performance and damages to the overall power system. This paper presents the performance of a control strategy for an inverter in a three-phase grid-connected PV system. The system consists of a PV panel, a boost converter, a DC link, an inverter, and a resistor-inductor (RL) filter and is connected to the utility grid through a voltage source inverter. The main objective of the proposed strategy is to improve the power quality performance of the three-phase grid-connected inverter system by optimising the proportional-integral (PI) controller. Such a strategy aims to reduce the DC link input voltage fluctuation, decrease the harmonics, and stabilise the output current, voltage, frequency, and power flow. The particle swarm optimisation (PSO) technique was implemented to tune the PI controller parameters by minimising the error of the voltage regulator and current controller schemes in the inverter system. The system model and control strategies were implemented using MATLAB/Simulink environment (Version 2020A) Simscape-Power system toolbox. Results show that the proposed strategy outperformed other reported research works with total harmonic distortion (THD) at a grid voltage and current of 0.29% and 2.72%, respectively, and a transient response time of 0.1853s. Compared to conventional systems, the PI controller with PSO-based optimization provides less voltage overshoot by 11.1% while reducing the time to reach equilibrium state by 32.6%. The consideration of additional input parameters and the optimization of input parameters were identified to be the two main factors that contribute to the significant improvements in power quality control. Therefore, the proposed strategy effectively enhances the power quality of the utility grid, and such an enhancement contributes to the efficient and smooth integration of the PV system.

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    Authors: Mansur Mohammed Ali Gamel; Pin Jern Ker; Wan Emilin Suliza Wan Abdul Rashid; Hui Jing Lee; +2 Authors

    La investigación sobre el efecto de las intensidades de potencia de iluminación para un sistema termofotovoltaico (TPV) es crucial para mejorar el rendimiento de la célula TPV. Hasta la fecha, los estudios sobre el efecto de las intensidades de iluminación se limitaban a la aplicación de células solares fotovoltaicas. Mientras tanto, el trabajo informado sobre el impacto de las intensidades de iluminación infrarroja en las células TPV se realiza a temperaturas e intensidades limitadas. Los efectos de las intensidades de TPV en todos los parámetros de rendimiento no se estudian exhaustivamente ni se aclaran por completo. Por lo tanto, este documento investiga el rendimiento de las células de germanio (Ge) con banda prohibida indirecta y de arseniuro de galio e indio (InGaAs) con banda prohibida directa bajo diversas irradiancias espectrales de TPV. Se utilizó el software de simulación Silvaco TCAD para investigar el efecto de las temperaturas del cuerpo negro que oscilan entre 800 y 2000 K con diferentes intensidades de iluminación en el rendimiento de las celdas TPV. Se encontró que se logran mayores eficiencias de conversión para ambas celdas TPV bajo intensidades de iluminación más altas debido al aumento en el voltaje de circuito abierto y el factor de llenado. A medida que la intensidad del haz aumenta para temperaturas >1600 K, el factor de llenado aumenta lentamente para la celda Ge, pero disminuye para la celda InGaAs debido al aumento en las pérdidas de I 2 R s asociadas con la alta corriente. El hallazgo demuestra que el voltaje de circuito abierto de la celda TPV de banda prohibida indirecta aumenta significativamente con mayores intensidades de iluminación. Las variaciones en el rendimiento de las células se explican explícitamente en función de factores como la estructura de diseño del TPV y las propiedades físicas del semiconductor a diferentes intensidades de iluminación. También se analizó el rendimiento de ambas células TPV a las pérdidas ópticas mínimas. Las eficiencias promedio de las células de Ge e InGaAs TPV aumentaron a 26.05% y 27.92%, respectivamente, cuando las pérdidas ópticas se minimizaron con un recubrimiento antirreflectante y una capa absorbente más gruesa. Los resultados de este trabajo demuestran que mediante la consideración detallada del efecto de las irradiancias espectrales, se puede desarrollar un sistema TPV de alto rendimiento. L'étude de l'effet des intensités de puissance d'éclairage pour un système thermophotovoltaïque (TPV) est cruciale pour améliorer les performances de la cellule TPV. À ce jour, les études sur l'effet des intensités d'éclairage se sont limitées à l'application des cellules solaires photovoltaïques. Pendant ce temps, les travaux rapportés sur l'impact des intensités d'éclairage infrarouge sur les cellules TPV sont effectués à des températures et des intensités limitées. Les effets des intensités de TPV sur tous les paramètres de performance ne sont pas étudiés de manière exhaustive et entièrement élucidés. Par conséquent, cet article étudie la performance des cellules d'arséniure de germanium (Ge) et d'indium gallium (InGaAs) à bande interdite indirecte sous diverses irradiances spectrales TPV. Le logiciel de simulation Silvaco TCAD a été utilisé pour étudier l'effet des températures du corps noir allant de 800 à 2000 K avec différentes intensités d'éclairage sur les performances des cellules TPV. Il a été constaté que des rendements de conversion plus élevés sont obtenus pour les deux cellules TPV sous des intensités d'éclairage plus élevées en raison de l'augmentation de la tension en circuit ouvert et du facteur de remplissage. Lorsque l'intensité du faisceau augmente pour des températures >1600 K, le facteur de remplissage augmente lentement pour la cellule Ge, mais diminue pour la cellule InGaAs en raison de l'augmentation des pertes I 2 R s associées au courant élevé. La découverte démontre que la tension en circuit ouvert de la cellule TPV à bande interdite indirecte est significativement augmentée avec des intensités d'éclairage plus élevées. Les variations dans les performances des cellules sont explicitement expliquées en fonction de facteurs tels que la structure de conception TPV et les propriétés physiques du semi-conducteur à des intensités d'éclairage variables. Les performances des deux cellules TPV ont également été analysées aux pertes optiques minimales. Les efficacités moyennes des cellules TPV Ge et InGaAs ont été augmentées à 26,05% et 27,92%, respectivement, lorsque les pertes optiques ont été minimisées avec un revêtement antireflet et une couche absorbante plus épaisse. Les résultats de ce travail démontrent que par une prise en compte détaillée de l'effet des irradiances spectrales, un système TPV performant peut être développé. The investigation on the effect of illumination power intensities for a thermophotovoltaic (TPV) system is crucial to enhance the TPV cell performance. To date, the studies on the effect of illumination intensities were limited to solar photovoltaic cells application. Meanwhile, the reported work on the impact of infrared illumination intensities on TPV cells are done at limited temperatures and intensities. The effects of TPV intensities on all performance parameters are not comprehensively studied and fully elucidated. Therefore, this paper investigates the performance of indirect-bandgap Germanium (Ge) and direct-bandgap Indium Gallium Arsenide (InGaAs) cells under various TPV spectral irradiances. Silvaco TCAD simulation software was used to investigate the effect of blackbody temperatures ranging from 800 to 2000 K with different illumination intensities on the TPV cell performances. It was found that higher conversion efficiencies are achieved for both TPV cells under higher illumination intensities due to the increase in open-circuit voltage and fill factor. As the beam intensity increases for temperatures >1600 K, fill factor slowly increases for the Ge cell, but decreases for the InGaAs cell due to the increase in the I 2 R s losses associated with the high current. The finding demonstrates that the open-circuit voltage of indirect-bandgap TPV cell is significantly increased with higher illumination intensities. The variations in cells performance are explicitly explained based on factors such as TPV design structure and the physical properties of semiconductor at varying illumination intensities. The performance of both TPV cells were also analyzed at the minimum optical losses. Average efficiencies of Ge and InGaAs TPV cells were increased to 26.05% and 27.92%, respectively, when the optical losses were minimized with anti-reflection coating and thicker absorber layer. The results of this work demonstrate that by detailed consideration of the effect of spectral irradiances, a high-performance TPV system can be developed. يعد التحقيق في تأثير شدة طاقة الإضاءة لنظام الخلايا الكهروضوئية الحرارية (TPV) أمرًا بالغ الأهمية لتعزيز أداء خلايا الخلايا الكهروضوئية الحرارية. حتى الآن، اقتصرت الدراسات حول تأثير شدة الإضاءة على تطبيق الخلايا الشمسية الكهروضوئية. وفي الوقت نفسه، يتم العمل المبلغ عنه بشأن تأثير شدة الإضاءة بالأشعة تحت الحمراء على خلايا TPV في درجات حرارة وشدة محدودة. لم يتم دراسة آثار شدة TPV على جميع معايير الأداء بشكل شامل وتوضيحها بالكامل. لذلك، تبحث هذه الورقة في أداء خلايا الجرمانيوم غير المباشر (Ge) وخلايا زرنيخيد الإنديوم الغاليوم (InGaAs) ذات النطاق الترددي المباشر تحت إشعاعات طيفية مختلفة TPV. تم استخدام برنامج محاكاة Silvaco TCAD للتحقيق في تأثير درجات حرارة الجسم الأسود التي تتراوح من 800 إلى 2000 كلفن مع شدة إضاءة مختلفة على أداء خلايا TPV. وجد أنه يتم تحقيق كفاءات تحويل أعلى لكل من خلايا TPV تحت شدة إضاءة أعلى بسبب الزيادة في جهد الدائرة المفتوحة وعامل التعبئة. مع زيادة شدة الحزمة لدرجات الحرارة >1600 كلفن، يزداد عامل التعبئة ببطء للخلية Ge، ولكنه ينخفض لخلية InGaAs بسبب الزيادة في خسائر I 2 R المرتبطة بالتيار العالي. توضح النتيجة أن جهد الدائرة المفتوحة لخلية TPV ذات النطاق الترددي غير المباشر يزداد بشكل كبير مع شدة إضاءة أعلى. يتم شرح الاختلافات في أداء الخلايا بشكل صريح بناءً على عوامل مثل بنية تصميم TPV والخصائص الفيزيائية لأشباه الموصلات عند شدة إضاءة متفاوتة. كما تم تحليل أداء كل من خلايا TPV عند الحد الأدنى من الخسائر البصرية. تم زيادة متوسط كفاءة خلايا Ge و InGaAs TPV إلى 26.05 ٪ و 27.92 ٪ على التوالي، عندما تم تقليل الخسائر البصرية بطبقة مضادة للانعكاس وطبقة امتصاص أكثر سمكًا. تُظهر نتائج هذا العمل أنه من خلال النظر التفصيلي في تأثير الإشعاعات الطيفية، يمكن تطوير نظام TPV عالي الأداء.

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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: S.B. Wali; M.A. Hannan; Pin Jern Ker; MS Abd Rahman; +4 Authors
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Journal of Cleaner P...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Journal of Cleaner Production
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Journal of Cleaner P...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Journal of Cleaner Production
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    Authors: K. Parvin; M. S. Hossain Lipu; M. A. Hannan; Majid A. Abdullah; +6 Authors

    Les bâtiments représentent une quantité importante de consommation d'énergie, ce qui entraîne des problèmes d'émissions mondiales et de changement climatique. Ainsi, la gestion de l'énergie dans un bâtiment est de plus en plus explorée en raison de son potentiel important de réduction des dépenses globales d'électricité pour les consommateurs et d'atténuation des émissions de carbone. En ligne avec cela, un plus grand contrôle et une optimisation de la gestion de l'énergie intégrée aux ressources énergétiques renouvelables sont nécessaires pour améliorer l'efficacité énergétique des bâtiments tout en satisfaisant le confort de l'environnement intérieur. Même si des mesures sont prises pour réduire la consommation d'énergie dans les bâtiments avec plusieurs techniques d'optimisation et de contrôle, certains problèmes restent non résolus. Par conséquent, ce travail fournit un examen complet des méthodes de contrôle conventionnelles et intelligentes en mettant l'accent sur leur classification, leurs caractéristiques, leur configuration, leurs avantages et leurs inconvénients. Cet examen examine de manière critique les différents objectifs et contraintes d'optimisation en ce qui concerne la gestion du confort, la consommation d'énergie et la planification. En outre, la revue décrit les différentes approches méthodologiques des algorithmes d'optimisation utilisés dans la gestion de l'énergie des bâtiments. Les contributions du contrôleur et de l'optimisation dans la gestion de l'énergie des bâtiments avec la relation des objectifs de développement durable (ODD) sont expliquées rigoureusement. Des discussions sur les principaux défis des méthodes existantes sont présentées afin d'identifier les lacunes pour les recherches futures. L'examen fournit des orientations futures efficaces qui seraient bénéfiques pour les chercheurs et les industriels afin de concevoir un contrôleur optimisé efficacement pour la gestion de l'énergie du bâtiment en vue de cibler les ODD. Los edificios representan una cantidad significativa de consumo de energía que conduce a los problemas de las emisiones globales y el cambio climático. Por lo tanto, la gestión de la energía en un edificio se explora cada vez más debido a su importante potencial para reducir los gastos generales de electricidad para los consumidores y mitigar las emisiones de carbono. En línea con ello, se requiere un mayor control y optimización de la gestión energética integrada con los recursos energéticos renovables para mejorar la eficiencia energética del edificio a la vez que se satisface el confort del entorno interior. A pesar de que se están tomando medidas para reducir el consumo de energía en edificios con varias técnicas de optimización y control, algunos problemas siguen sin resolverse. Por lo tanto, este trabajo proporciona una revisión exhaustiva de los métodos de control convencionales e inteligentes con énfasis en su clasificación, características, configuración, beneficios e inconvenientes. Esta revisión investiga críticamente los diferentes objetivos y restricciones de optimización con respecto a la gestión del confort, el consumo de energía y la programación. Además, la revisión describe los diferentes enfoques metodológicos de los algoritmos de optimización utilizados en la gestión energética de los edificios. Se explican de forma rigurosa los aportes del controlador y la optimización en la gestión energética del edificio con la relación de los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible (ODS). Se presentan discusiones sobre los desafíos clave de los métodos existentes para identificar las brechas para futuras investigaciones. La revisión ofrece algunas direcciones futuras efectivas que serían beneficiosas para los investigadores e industriales para diseñar un controlador optimizado de manera eficiente para la gestión de la energía de los edificios hacia la consecución de los ODS. Buildings account for a significant amount of energy consumption leading to the issues of global emissions and climate change. Thus, energy management in a building is increasingly explored due to its significant potential in reducing the overall electricity expenses for the consumers and mitigating carbon emissions. In line with that, the greater control and optimization of energy management integrated with renewable energy resources is required to improve building energy efficiency while satisfying indoor environment comfort. Even though actions are being taken to reduce the energy consumption in buildings with several optimization and controller techniques, yet some issues remain unsolved. Therefore, this work provides a comprehensive review of the conventional and intelligent control methods with emphasis on their classification, features, configuration, benefits, and drawbacks. This review critically investigates the different optimization objectives and constraints with respect to comfort management, energy consumption, and scheduling. Furthermore, the review outlines the different methodological approaches to optimization algorithms used in building energy management. The contributions of controller and optimization in building energy management with the relation of sustainable development goals (SDGs) are explained rigorously. Discussions on the key challenges of the existing methods are presented to identify the gaps for future research. The review delivers some effective future directions that would be beneficial to the researchers and industrialists to design an efficiently optimized controller for building energy management toward targeting SDGs. تمثل المباني كمية كبيرة من استهلاك الطاقة مما يؤدي إلى قضايا الانبعاثات العالمية وتغير المناخ. وبالتالي، يتم استكشاف إدارة الطاقة في المبنى بشكل متزايد بسبب إمكاناته الكبيرة في تقليل نفقات الكهرباء الإجمالية للمستهلكين والتخفيف من انبعاثات الكربون. وتماشياً مع ذلك، يلزم زيادة التحكم في إدارة الطاقة المتكاملة مع موارد الطاقة المتجددة وتحسينها لتحسين كفاءة استخدام الطاقة في المباني مع إرضاء راحة البيئة الداخلية. على الرغم من اتخاذ إجراءات لتقليل استهلاك الطاقة في المباني باستخدام العديد من تقنيات التحسين والتحكم، إلا أن بعض المشكلات لا تزال دون حل. لذلك، يوفر هذا العمل مراجعة شاملة لأساليب التحكم التقليدية والذكية مع التركيز على تصنيفها وميزاتها وتكوينها وفوائدها وعيوبها. تبحث هذه المراجعة بشكل نقدي في أهداف وقيود التحسين المختلفة فيما يتعلق بإدارة الراحة واستهلاك الطاقة والجدولة. علاوة على ذلك، تحدد المراجعة الأساليب المنهجية المختلفة لخوارزميات التحسين المستخدمة في بناء إدارة الطاقة. يتم شرح مساهمات المراقب والتحسين في بناء إدارة الطاقة مع العلاقة بين أهداف التنمية المستدامة (SDGs) بدقة. يتم تقديم مناقشات حول التحديات الرئيسية للطرق الحالية لتحديد الثغرات للبحث في المستقبل. تقدم المراجعة بعض الاتجاهات المستقبلية الفعالة التي ستكون مفيدة للباحثين والصناعيين لتصميم وحدة تحكم محسنة بكفاءة لبناء إدارة الطاقة نحو استهداف أهداف التنمية المستدامة.

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    IEEE Access
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/ex...
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    Authors: Siti Rosilah Arsad; Muhamad Haziq Hasnul Hadi; Nayli Aliah Mohd Afandi; Pin Jern Ker; +6 Authors

    The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted global energy markets and caused significant socio-economic impacts worldwide, including the energy sector due to lockdowns and restricted economic activity. This paper presents a comprehensive and analytical review of the impact of COVID-19 on the energy sector and explores the potential role of artificial intelligence (AI) in mitigating its effects. This review examines the changes in energy demand patterns during the pre-, mid-, and post-pandemic periods, analyzing their implications for the energy industries, including policymaking, communication, digital technology, energy conversion, the environment, energy markets, and power systems. Additionally, we explore how AI can enhance energy efficiency, optimize energy use, and reduce energy wastage. The potential of AI in developing sustainable energy systems is discussed, along with the challenges it poses in the energy sector’s response to the pandemic. The recommendations for AI applications in the energy sector for the transition to a more sustainable energy future, with examples drawn from previous successful studies, are outlined. Information corroborated in this review is expected to provide important guidelines for crafting future research areas and directions in preparing the energy sector for any unforeseen circumstances or pandemic-like situations.

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    Energies
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    Energies
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      Energies
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    Authors: M.A. Hannan; Maher G. M. Abdolrasol; Mohammad Faisal; Pin Jern Ker; +2 Authors

    Cet article présente un nouveau contrôleur de calendrier optimal pour gérer les ressources énergétiques renouvelables (res) dans les centrales électriques virtuelles (VPP) à l'aide d'un algorithme d'optimisation de l'essaim de particules binaires (BPSO). Il est crucial de minimiser les coûts en donnant la priorité à l'utilisation durable des ressources au lieu d'acheter sur le réseau national. L'efficacité de l'approche proposée est examinée par le système de bus IEEE 14 contenant des micro-réseaux (MG) intégrés aux res sous la forme de VPP.La demande de charge réelle enregistrée est utilisée pour modéliser et simuler les des études de cas de test du système pendant 24 h à Perlis, en Malaisie.En outre, les données météorologiques recueillies auprès du Département météorologique malaisien, telles que les données sur l'état du vent, du soleil, du carburant et de la batterie, sont utilisées dans le BPSO pour trouver les meilleurs horaires ON et OFF.Les résultats ont révélé que l'algorithme BPSO développé est robuste en matière de réduction de la consommation d'énergie et des émissions du VPP.Cette étude contribue au développement d'un algorithme d'optimisation pour un contrôleur de planification optimal du VPP intégré MG afin de réduire les émissions de carbone et de gérer l'énergie durable.Enfin, une analyse comparative de les algorithmes optimaux par rapport aux conventionnels justifient l'utilisation de l'intégration des sources d'énergie renouvelables et valident le BPSO développé pour la gestion durable de l'énergie et la réduction des émissions. Este documento presenta un novedoso controlador de cronograma óptimo para administrar los recursos de energía renovable (RES) en la planta de energía virtual (VPP) utilizando un algoritmo de optimización de enjambre de partículas binarias (BPSO). Es crucial minimizar los costos dando prioridad al uso de recursos sostenibles en lugar de comprar de la red nacional. La efectividad del enfoque propuesto es examinada por el sistema de bus IEEE 14 que contiene microrredes (MG) integradas con RES en forma de VPP.La demanda de carga real registrada se utiliza para modelar y simular la estudios de casos de prueba del sistema durante 24 h en Perlis, Malasia. Además, los datos meteorológicos recopilados del Departamento Meteorológico de Malasia, como los datos eólicos, solares, de combustible y de estado de la batería, se utilizan en el BPSO para encontrar los mejores horarios de encendido y APAGADO. Los resultados encontraron que el algoritmo BPSO desarrollado es sólido para reducir el consumo de energía y las emisiones del VPP.Este estudio contribuye al desarrollo de un algoritmo de optimización para un controlador de programación óptimo del VPP integrado de MG con el fin de reducir las emisiones de carbono y gestionar la energía sostenible. Por último, un análisis comparativo de los algoritmos óptimos sobre los convencionales justifican el uso de la integración de RES y validan el BPSO desarrollado para la gestión sostenible de la energía y la reducción de emisiones. This paper introduces a novel optimal schedule controller to manage renewable energy resources (RESs) in virtual power plant (VPP) using binary particle swarm optimization (BPSO) algorithm.It is crucial to minimize the costs giving priority for sustainable resources use instead of purchasing from the national grid.The effectiveness of the proposed approach is examined by the IEEE 14 bus system containing microgrids (MGs) integrated with RESs in the form of VPP.Real load demand recorded is used to model and simulate the test case studies of the system for 24 h in Perlis, Malaysia.Moreover, weather data collected from the Malaysian Meteorological Department such as wind, solar, fuel, and battery status data are used in the BPSO to find the best ON and OFF schedules.The results found that the developed BPSO algorithm is robust in reducing energy consumption and emissions of the VPP.This study contributes to the development of an optimization algorithm for an optimal scheduling controller of MG integrated VPP in order to reduce carbon emissions and manage sustainable energy.Finally, a comparative analysis of the optimal algorithms over conventional justifies the use of RESs integration and validates the developed BPSO for sustainable energy management and emissions reduction. تقدم هذه الورقة وحدة تحكم في الجدول الزمني الأمثل لإدارة موارد الطاقة المتجددة (RESs) في محطة الطاقة الافتراضية (VPP) باستخدام خوارزمية تحسين سرب الجسيمات الثنائية (BPSO). من الأهمية بمكان تقليل التكاليف مع إعطاء الأولوية لاستخدام الموارد المستدامة بدلاً من الشراء من الشبكة الوطنية. يتم فحص فعالية النهج المقترح من خلال نظام ناقل IEEE 14 الذي يحتوي على شبكات دقيقة (MGs) مدمجة مع RESs في شكل VPP. يتم استخدام طلب الحمل الحقيقي المسجل لنمذجة ومحاكاة دراسات حالة اختبار النظام لمدة 24 ساعة في بيرليس، ماليزيا. علاوة على ذلك، يتم استخدام بيانات الطقس التي تم جمعها من إدارة الأرصاد الجوية الماليزية مثل بيانات حالة الرياح والطاقة الشمسية والوقود والبطارية في BPSO للعثور على أفضل الجداول الزمنية للتشغيل والإيقاف. وجدت النتائج أن خوارزمية BPSO المطورة قوية في تقليل استهلاك الطاقة والانبعاثات من VPP. تساهم هذه الدراسة في تطوير خوارزمية تحسين لوحدة تحكم جدولة مثالية لـ MG Integrated VPP من أجل تقليل انبعاثات الكربون وإدارة الطاقة المستدامة. أخيرًا، تحليل مقارن تبرر الخوارزميات المثلى على التقليدية استخدام تكامل RESs وتتحقق من صحة BPSO المطور لإدارة الطاقة المستدامة وخفض الانبعاثات.

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    IEEE Access
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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    IEEE Access
    Article
    License: CC BY
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    IEEE Access
    Article . 2019
    Data sources: DOAJ
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/qe...
    Other literature type . 2019
    Data sources: Datacite
    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/dt...
    Other literature type . 2019
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      IEEE Access
      Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
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      IEEE Access
      Article
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      IEEE Access
      Article . 2019
      Data sources: DOAJ
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/qe...
      Other literature type . 2019
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/dt...
      Other literature type . 2019
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Cuo Zhang; Rawshan Ara Begum; Rawshan Ara Begum; M. Faisal; +3 Authors

    Abstract Carbon emission from the burning of fossil fuel has resulted in global warming. Climate change and global warming are among the most complex issues requiring immediate solutions. Microgrid (MG) based on renewable energy sources (RESs) can be used to reduce the carbon intensity of electricity and achieve the global decarbonization goal by 2050. Optimizing the size of the energy storage system (ESS) can ensure the sustainable, resilient, and economic operation of the MG. Thus, key features of the optimal ESS, including methods and algorithms of ESS sizing, power quality, reliability, connection mode, and public policy enforcement for low-carbon emission, must be identified. Existing literature mostly focuses on the cost-effective optimal sizing method based on capacity minimization, which overlooks other issues. This work reviews the features of optimal ESS sizing methods and algorithms, their characteristics, and the scenarios between ESS and decarbonization in MG applications to address their shortcomings. ESS characteristics on storage type, energy density, efficiency, advantages, and issues are analyzed. This review highlights details of ESS sizing to optimize storage capacity, reduce consumption, minimize storage cost, determine the optimal placement and mitigate carbon emission for decarbonization. The analyses on the understanding of decarbonization in relation to the use of ESS in MG scenarios are explained rigorously. Existing research gaps, issues, and challenges of ESS sizing for next-generation MG development are also highlighted. This review will strengthen the efforts of researchers and industrialists to develop an optimally sized ESS for future MGs that can contribute toward achieving the decarbonization goal.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ UNSWorksarrow_drop_down
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
      Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Dickshon N. T. How; Mahammad A. Hannan; Molla S. Hossain Lipu; Khairul S. M. Sahari; +2 Authors

    The state-of-charge (SOC) estimation is a crucial parameter of a lithium-ion battery it depends on numerous incalculable factors such as battery chemistry, ambient environment, aging factor, etc. This paper develops a state of charge (SOC) estimation model for a lithium-ion battery using an improved deep neural network (DNN) approach in electric vehicle applications. The DNN is suitable for SOC estimation due its sufficient hidden layer which is capable of predicting the SOC of unseen drive cycle during training. A series of DNN models with varying number of hidden layers and its training algorithm is developed to investigate the training performance of different drive cycles. It is observed that adding hidden layers in DNN decreases the error rate and improves the SOC estimation. This study also shows that the 7-layer of DNN training on dynamic stress test (DST) drive cycle is capable of predicting SOC values unexpectedly well of other unseen drive cycles such as federal urban driving schedule (FUDS), Beijing dynamic stress test (BJDST), and supplemental federal test procedure (US06), respectively.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao IEEE Transactions on...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
    License: IEEE Copyright
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    https://doi.org/10.1109/ias.20...
    Conference object . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
    License: IEEE Copyright
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao IEEE Transactions on...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications
      Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
      License: IEEE Copyright
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      https://doi.org/10.1109/ias.20...
      Conference object . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
      License: IEEE Copyright
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Khadija Parvin; Ali Q. Al-Shetwi; M.A. Hannan; Pin Jern Ker;

    While home energy prices keep rising, homeowners nowadays are searching for the right options to reduce their electricity bills. Besides, the increase in power consumption can contribute to environmental pollution. Therefore, the proper management of energy in the domestic sector is a vital element for creating a sustainable environment and cost reduction. In this study, the most domestic household appliances consumption of energy are modelled and analysed using the fuzzy logic controller (FLC) in order to permit the home energy management system (HEMS) to perform energy utilization estimation and cost analysis. These appliances are the heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC), electric water heater (EWH), and lighting, respectively. The developed system can help to analyse the appliances’ energy consumption and cost sceneries during peak and off-peak hours. The modelling of a fuzzy-based domestic appliances controller for HEMS takes the peak and non-peak tariff of Malaysian grid into consideration. The simulation results demonstrate that the developed models are able to manage energy consumption and cost reduction efficiently. By using the proposed FLC, the cost of energy is reduced by 21.75 %, 30.77 %, and 41.96 % for the HVAC, EWH, and dimmable lamps, respectively. In sum, the FLC shows good performance to reduce the cost and power consumption toward efficient HEMS.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Elektronika ir Elekt...arrow_drop_down
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    Elektronika ir Elektrotechnika
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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    Elektronika ir Elektrotechnika
    Article
    License: CC BY
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    Elektronika ir Elektrotechnika
    Article . 2021
    Data sources: DOAJ
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/qa...
    Other literature type . 2021
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/2s...
    Other literature type . 2021
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Elektronika ir Elekt...arrow_drop_down
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      Elektronika ir Elektrotechnika
      Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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      Elektronika ir Elektrotechnika
      Article
      License: CC BY
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      Elektronika ir Elektrotechnika
      Article . 2021
      Data sources: DOAJ
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/qa...
      Other literature type . 2021
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/2s...
      Other literature type . 2021
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