• Energy Research

Development work on the Zn/Br battery is reported. A major improvement was the use of a bipolar cell design; this design is superior with respect to cost, performance, and simplicity. A cost and design study for an 80-kWh module resulted in a cost estimate of $54/kWh(1979$) for purchased materials and components, on the basis of 2500 MWh of annual production. A cell submodule (nominal 2 kWh) of full-sized electrodes (1 ft/sup 2/) accrued over 200 continuous cycles in a hands-off, automatic routine with efficiencies in the range of 53 to 56%. Initial testing of a full-sized 8-kWh submodule demonstrated energy efficiencies of 65 to 67%. 23 figures, 10 tables. (RWR)

Lithium-ion battery separators comprised of a nanocomposite of aramid polymer and alumina nanowires were presented as a new membrane architecture for more a thermally resistant and electrochemically superior alternative to the status quo. Porous membranes were produced by electrospinning low concentration m-aramid polymer (13%) with dispersed alumina nanowires. Resulting nanocomposite separators were non-woven mats that exhibited fast wettability, high integrity in thermo-gravimetric analysis tests up to 480C, and less than 10% area shrinkage when exposed to temperatures up to 280C. Physical, mechanical, thermal, and electrochemical figures of merit were discussed first from a practical standpoint then further examined in the context of the electrospun membranes. Results were contrasted with the performance of current state-of-art polyolefin separators. These m-aramid nanocomposite separators prove to be a strong candidate for batteries situated in demanding environments or large format batteries where safety is of paramount concern. ; M.S.

Dataset Description Context and Methodology What is the research domain or project in which this dataset was created?This dataset was created as part of a research project focused on optimizing State of Charge (SOC) calculations for vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). The research lies within the domain of battery technology and renewable energy storage systems, aiming to enhance the accuracy and reproducibility of SOC estimation methods. The dataset serves to support the analysis and refinement of SOC calculation techniques for VRFBs. By providing electrochemical and operational data, it facilitates the validation and improvement of SOC estimation methods, which are critical for efficient battery management in renewable energy applications. How was this dataset created?The dataset combines reused data sourced from publicly accessible repositories with new data generated during the analysis. The reused data includes: Electrochemical data capturing voltage, current, and temperature profiles. Operational data detailing battery performance metrics such as efficiency and cycling behavior.The reused data was standardized, cleaned, and processed using Python-based tools to create a structured dataset ready for SOC calculations. Technical Details What is the structure of this dataset? Do the folders and files follow a certain naming convention?The dataset follows a hierarchical folder structure for clarity and organization: Raw Data: Contains unmodified datasets sourced from repositories, named according to source and content (e.g., KIT_electrochemical_data.csv). Processed Data: Includes standardized and cleaned datasets, versioned with clear naming conventions (e.g., processed_data_v1.csv). Analysis Results: Stores outputs from SOC calculations, such as machine-readable SOC datasets (SOC_results_v1.csv) and analysis reports (SOC_analysis_report_v1.pdf). Code: Contains Python scripts and Jupyter notebooks used for data analysis (SOC_Calculation_Script.py) Is any specific software required to open and work with this dataset?The dataset can be accessed using commonly available software: CSV and JSON Files: Can be opened with spreadsheet software (e.g., Microsoft Excel) or data analysis tools like Python and R. Jupyter Notebooks: Require Python and the Jupyter environment to run. Visualizations: Charts and graphs are provided as PNG files and can be viewed with standard image viewers. Are there any additional resources available regarding the dataset, e.g., documentation, source code, etc.?Yes, the dataset is accompanied by the following resources: A README file: Describing the dataset structure, attributes, and instructions for use. Code: Python scripts and Jupyter notebooks documenting the SOC calculation methods. Metadata: Metadata files compliant with Dublin Core standards, providing contextual and technical information about the dataset. Further Details Is there anything else that other people may need to know when they want to reuse the dataset? The dataset is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), allowing reuse with proper attribution. It is essential to review the accompanying README file for guidance on data interpretation and the methodology used for SOC calculations. Users should note that the data reflects specific conditions and assumptions used in the study. While it provides a robust foundation for SOC estimation research, adaptations may be required for other applications.

The deliverable of this project is a light for joggers that does not use a battery and keeps blinking for a short period of time after standing still. This research details the design and implementation of the storage part of a battery free jogger's light. The goal of this storage part is that it stores energy delivered by an energy harvester so that it can power LEDs for at least 30 seconds when there is no energy harvested anymore. The system consists of a full-bridge rectifier, a voltage regulator, a supercapacitor to store the energy and a switch to couple or decouple the load. The main trade-off of this research is between the charging and discharging times of the supercapacitor. Results show that LEDs in the rectifier offer advantages, since there is instant lighting when jogging and which makes the charging time less critical. With this feature the discharging time could be increased up to one minute. The total efficiency of this storage system is calculated to be 67.9\%. ; Battery Free Jogger Light ; Electrical Engineering

As the variable renewable energy share keep on increasing throughout the energy transition, power systems require more and different flexibility measures. Battery energy storage can provide these essential services that enable the energy system to carbonise and transform on short time scales. Energy arbitrage, the trading of electricity on the electricity markets, can create economic value for batteries. This research assesses the energy arbitrage opportunities for utility-scale battery energy storage in the Netherlands. It compares five different battery technologies and defines the optimal size and power capacity with a linear mixed-integer Matlab optimization model. Furthermore, the operation of for the most optimal technology is simulated for one year with a Model Predictive Control algorithm to be able to compare the effects of forecasting accuracy of the electricity prices on the estimated profits. The results show that according to optimized planning and dispatch in the operation of a battery system can lead to financial opportunities in the Netherlands regarding energy arbitrage for flow batteries. If not today, then in the future. It has been shown that towards 2030 the business case for battery energy storage will significantly increase due to decreasing capital costs and increasing price volatility with the rise of the VRES and phase-out of fossil energy sources. With this research, a contribution is delivered towards the realisation of commercially operating an independent utility-scale battery energy storage facility. Insights are provided on what battery configuration is best suited for energy arbitrage purposes and the effectiveness of simulating the optimized operation of a battery facility with a model predictive control method has been shown. This has lead to clearer insights into the profitability of operating a BESF in the Netherlands. ; Electrical Engineering | Sustainable Energy Technology

This dissertation discusses cost-effective sizing and optimal operation methods for battery energy storage system (BESS) that improve the reliability and stability of microgrid. In order to facilitate the implementation of BESS, Cogeneration plant with BESS is proposed. This methodology is comprised of four items to improve the efficiency and to reduce operation and maintenance cost. In the first item, the generalized design requirements and needs are proposed through load and grid analysis. Through this step, an assessment of ancillary services is analyzed for determining BESS feasibility in terms of revenue. The discerned requirements for profitability are applied in the determination of BESS size and inverter capacity design. In the second item, the optimal operation of BESS is proposed with PQ ratio control, load modeling and forecasting, and battery constraints. BESSs supporting grid stability and performance are investigated. In the third item, contingent upon electrochemistry, the operational limitations of the battery system are determined and new charging methods for batteries are researched. In the fourth item, allocation control scheme to maximize resource sharing of grid-connected inverters is proposed, especially BESS utilization. This dissertation focused on the allocation of reactive power because of the way of more economical power distribution. In order to effectively allocate resources, a virtual power management system with token ring communication is proposed.

The article is describing the intentional use for Li-On batteries in the scope of the E-LAND project. The E-LAND project is developing a toolbox that is helping the energy islands (i.e. a community of users that produces and uses part or all of their energy needs) to manage and optimize their energy consumptions and energy costs. The topics addressed in this article are related to the E-LAND Project and toolbox, batteries safety in regards of battery ageing, degradation and life, lifetime concerns, battery stability. A second focus in this article is related to security of the battery. Exposure of existing legacy operational infrastructure, asset hardening and new integration requirements, concerns in a multi-cloud environment, and advice for asset hardening and integration requirement in the scope of the project are discussed.