• Energy Research

Insufficient level of energy efficiency in Ukraine requires a reformation of power sector in order to develop the mechanisms that could stimulate market players for efficient resource usage. For this purpose, it is advisable to use the experience of other energy markets, which is based on the offering of saved electrical energy or reduced capacity as a resource in the market. Thus, it is important to determine accurately the expected and actual demand reduction and amount of saved energy. This study contains the comparative analysis of the existing approaches for determination and measurement of the data necessary for solving the mentioned tasks. Therefore, the paper investigates methods for modeling of energy consumption of the Ukrainian objects where energy efficient projects are implemented. The main contribution of this paper is in the usage of forecasting methods for the development of the expected energy use models of such objects. In the case of the certain type of objects the accuracy of the research results exceeds the accuracy of the results, obtained through usage of the existing approaches in a pure form.

Lower Super Output Area (LSOA) and Middle Super Output Area (MSOA) electricity data. Source: https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/lower-and-middle-super-output-a...

การวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาผลกระทบที่จะเกิดขึ้นต่อการใช้พลังงานของโครงการระบบรถไฟฟ้าขนส่งมวลชนในกรุงเทพฯ โดยศึกษาการใช้พลังงาน เนื่องจากมีโครงการระบบรถไฟฟ้าขนส่งมวลชนเพิ่มขึ้นอีก 6 โครงการ คาดว่าจะแล้วเสร็จในปี พ.ศ. 2563 ประกอบด้วย สายสีเขียวช่วงหมอชิต สะพานใหม่ สายสีเขียวช่วงแบริ่ง สมุทรปราการ สายสีน้ำเงินช่วงหัวลำโพง บางแค บางซื่อ ท่าพระ สายสีม่วงช่วงบางใหญ่ บางซื่อ สายสีแดงช่วงบางซื่อ รังสิต และสายสีแดงช่วงบางซื่อ ตลิ่งชัน รวมระยะทางประมาณ 124 กิโลเมตร ผลกระทบที่เกิดขึ้นต่อการใช้พลังงานสาขาขนส่งในรูปแบบการเดินทางอื่นๆ พบว่า เมื่อระบบรถไฟฟ้าขนส่งมวลชนเปิดบริการครบทุกสายทางจะมีการใช้พลังงานไฟฟ้า 450,593.0960 MWh/Y เพิ่มขึ้น 2.21 เท่าจากปี พ.ศ. 2558 โดยสัดส่วนการเปลี่ยนรูปแบบการเดินทางมาใช้ระบบรถไฟฟ้าขนส่งมวลชน มาจากรถโดยสารประจำทาง และรถส่วนบุคคลมากที่สุด ซึ่งคาดว่าในปี พ.ศ. 2563 จะมีการใช้พลังงานเชื้อเพลิงสำหรับรถโดยสารประจำทางจำนวน 100.1687 ล้านลิตรต่อปี แยกเป็นรถโดยสารประจำทางที่ใช้เชื้อเพลิงดีเซล 34.5969 ล้านลิตรต่อปี และรถโดยสารประจำทางที่ใช้เชื้อเพลิงก๊าซธรรมชาติ 65.5718 ล้านกิโลกรัมต่อปี และหากมีการเปลี่ยนรูปแบบการเดินทางมาสู่ระบบรถไฟฟ้าขนส่งมวลชนจะสามารถลดการใช้พลังงานเชื้อเพลิงรวม 130.0845 ล้านลิตร แยกเป็นรถโดยสารประจำทางลดการใช้พลังงานเชื้อเพลิงลงได้ 42.1118 ล้านลิตรต่อปี ขณะที่รถยนต์ส่วนบุคคลลดการใช้พลังงานลง 87.9727 ล้านลิตรต่อปี ดังนั้น การเพิ่มขึ้นของโครงการระบบรถไฟฟ้าขนส่งมวลชน ก่อให้เกิดการประหยัดพลังงานเชื้อเพลิงของรถโดยสารประจำทาง และรถยนต์ส่วนบุคคลลงได้ ขึ้นอยู่กับพฤติกรรมในการเดินทาง รวมถึงการส่งเสริมให้มีการใช้ระบบขนส่งมวลชนสาธารณะ ที่สอดคล้องตามแผนอนุรักษ์พลังงานมีเป้าหมายลดความเข้มของการใช้พลังงานลงร้อยละ 30 ภายในปี 2579

Energy Information Administration. State Energy Data System: Photovoltaic and Solar Thermal Energy | State: Alabama | Indicator: Electricity produced from photovoltaic and solar thermal energy by the electric power sector., 2000 - 2014. Data-Planet™ Statistical Datasets by Conquest Systems, Inc. Dataset-ID: 004-012-049 Dataset: Reports estimates of the consumption of photovoltaic and solar thermal energy and electricity production from these sources for the United States as a whole and for individual states and Washington, DC, as available. Photovoltaic energy is direct-current electricity generated from photovoltaic cells. Solar energy is the radiant energy of the sun, which can be converted into other forms of energy, such as heat or electricity. The State Energy Data System (SEDS) is maintained and operated by the United States Energy Information Administration (EIA). The goal in maintaining SEDS is to create historical time series of energy production, consumption, prices, and expenditures by state that are defined as consistently as possible over time and across sectors. SEDS is used primarily to provide (1) state energy production, consumption, price, and expenditure estimates to Members of Congress, federal and state agencies, and the general public; and (2) the historical time series necessary to develop EIA’s energy models. Efforts are made to ensure that the sums of the state estimates equal the national totals as closely as possible for each energy type and end-use sector as published in other EIA publications. SEDS state energy consumption estimates are generally comparable to the statistics in EIA's Annual Energy Review and Monthly Energy Review consumption tables. Although SEDS incorporates the most consistent series and procedures possible, users of this report should recognize the limitations of the data that are due to changing and inadequate data sources. See the technical documentation for information on data inconsistencies. http://www.eia.gov/state/seds/seds-data-complete.cfm Category: Energy Resources and Industries Subject: Fuel Consumption, Solar Energy, Electricity, Energy Consumption, Renewable Energy Source: Energy Information Administration The Energy Information Administration (EIA), created by Congress in 1977, is an independent statistical and analytical agency within the United States Department of Energy. Its mission is to provide policy-independent data, forecasts, and analyses to promote sound policy making, efficient markets, and public understanding regarding energy and its interaction with the economy and the environment. http://www.eia.doe.gov/

Energy Information Administration (2016). State Energy Data System: Photovoltaic and Solar Thermal Energy | Country: USA | Indicator: Photovoltaic and solar thermal energy total end-use consumption. | Units: Btu (000000000), 1960-2013. Data-Planet™ Statistical Ready Reference by Conquest Systems, Inc. [Data-file]. Dataset-ID: 004-012-049. Dataset: Reports estimates of the consumption of photovoltaic and solar thermal energy and electricity production from these sources for the United States as a whole and for individual states and Washington, DC, as available. Photovoltaic energy is direct-current electricity generated from photovoltaic cells. Solar energy is the radiant energy of the sun, which can be converted into other forms of energy, such as heat or electricity. The State Energy Data System (SEDS) is maintained and operated by the United States Energy Information Administration (EIA). The goal in maintaining SEDS is to create historical time series of energy production, consumption, prices, and expenditures by state that are defined as consistently as possible over time and across sectors. SEDS is used primarily to provide (1) state energy production, consumption, price, and expenditure estimates to Members of Congress, federal and state agencies, and the general public; and (2) the historical time series necessary to develop EIA’s energy models. Efforts are made to ensure that the sums of the state estimates equal the national totals as closely as possible for each energy type and end-use sector as published in other EIA publications. SEDS state energy consumption estimates are generally comparable to the statistics in EIA's Annual Energy Review and Monthly Energy Review consumption tables. Although SEDS incorporates the most consistent series and procedures possible, users of this report should recognize the limitations of the data that are due to changing and inadequate data sources. See the technical documentation for information on data inconsistencies. Category: Energy Resources and Industries Source: Energy Information Administration The Energy Information Administration (EIA), created by Congress in 1977, is an independent statistical and analytical agency within the United States Department of Energy. Its mission is to provide policy-independent data, forecasts, and analyses to promote sound policy making, efficient markets, and public understanding regarding energy and its interaction with the economy and the environment. http://www.eia.doe.gov/ Subject: Fuel Consumption, Solar Energy, Electricity, Energy Consumption, Renewable Energy

Energy Information Administration. State Energy Data System: Photovoltaic and Solar Thermal Energy | State: California | Indicator: Electricity produced from photovoltaic and solar thermal energy by the electric power sector., 2005 - 2014. Data-Planet™ Statistical Datasets by Conquest Systems, Inc. Dataset-ID: 004-012-049 Dataset: Reports estimates of the consumption of photovoltaic and solar thermal energy and electricity production from these sources for the United States as a whole and for individual states and Washington, DC, as available. Photovoltaic energy is direct-current electricity generated from photovoltaic cells. Solar energy is the radiant energy of the sun, which can be converted into other forms of energy, such as heat or electricity. The State Energy Data System (SEDS) is maintained and operated by the United States Energy Information Administration (EIA). The goal in maintaining SEDS is to create historical time series of energy production, consumption, prices, and expenditures by state that are defined as consistently as possible over time and across sectors. SEDS is used primarily to provide (1) state energy production, consumption, price, and expenditure estimates to Members of Congress, federal and state agencies, and the general public; and (2) the historical time series necessary to develop EIA’s energy models. Efforts are made to ensure that the sums of the state estimates equal the national totals as closely as possible for each energy type and end-use sector as published in other EIA publications. SEDS state energy consumption estimates are generally comparable to the statistics in EIA's Annual Energy Review and Monthly Energy Review consumption tables. Although SEDS incorporates the most consistent series and procedures possible, users of this report should recognize the limitations of the data that are due to changing and inadequate data sources. See the technical documentation for information on data inconsistencies. http://www.eia.gov/state/seds/seds-data-complete.cfm Category: Energy Resources and Industries Subject: Fuel Consumption, Solar Energy, Electricity, Energy Consumption, Renewable Energy Source: Energy Information Administration The Energy Information Administration (EIA), created by Congress in 1977, is an independent statistical and analytical agency within the United States Department of Energy. Its mission is to provide policy-independent data, forecasts, and analyses to promote sound policy making, efficient markets, and public understanding regarding energy and its interaction with the economy and the environment. http://www.eia.doe.gov/

Energy Information Administration (2016). State Energy Data System: Photovoltaic and Solar Thermal Energy | Country: USA | Indicator: Photovoltaic and solar thermal energy total consumption. | Units: Btu (000000000), 1960-2013. Data-Planet™ Statistical Ready Reference by Conquest Systems, Inc. [Data-file]. Dataset-ID: 004-012-049. Dataset: Reports estimates of the consumption of photovoltaic and solar thermal energy and electricity production from these sources for the United States as a whole and for individual states and Washington, DC, as available. Photovoltaic energy is direct-current electricity generated from photovoltaic cells. Solar energy is the radiant energy of the sun, which can be converted into other forms of energy, such as heat or electricity. The State Energy Data System (SEDS) is maintained and operated by the United States Energy Information Administration (EIA). The goal in maintaining SEDS is to create historical time series of energy production, consumption, prices, and expenditures by state that are defined as consistently as possible over time and across sectors. SEDS is used primarily to provide (1) state energy production, consumption, price, and expenditure estimates to Members of Congress, federal and state agencies, and the general public; and (2) the historical time series necessary to develop EIA’s energy models. Efforts are made to ensure that the sums of the state estimates equal the national totals as closely as possible for each energy type and end-use sector as published in other EIA publications. SEDS state energy consumption estimates are generally comparable to the statistics in EIA's Annual Energy Review and Monthly Energy Review consumption tables. Although SEDS incorporates the most consistent series and procedures possible, users of this report should recognize the limitations of the data that are due to changing and inadequate data sources. See the technical documentation for information on data inconsistencies. Category: Energy Resources and Industries Source: Energy Information Administration The Energy Information Administration (EIA), created by Congress in 1977, is an independent statistical and analytical agency within the United States Department of Energy. Its mission is to provide policy-independent data, forecasts, and analyses to promote sound policy making, efficient markets, and public understanding regarding energy and its interaction with the economy and the environment. http://www.eia.doe.gov/ Subject: Fuel Consumption, Energy Consumption, Electricity, Solar Energy, Renewable Energy

Energy Information Administration (2017). State Energy Data System: Photovoltaic and Solar Thermal Energy | Country: USA | State: New Hampshire | 257_257_0_1: Electricity produced from photovoltaic and solar thermal energy by the electric power sector. | 257_257_0_3: Btu, 1960-2014. Data-Planet™ Statistical Ready Reference by Conquest Systems, Inc. [Data-file]. Dataset-ID: 004-012-049. Dataset: Reports estimates of the consumption of photovoltaic and solar thermal energy and electricity production from these sources for the United States as a whole and for individual states and Washington, DC, as available. Photovoltaic energy is direct-current electricity generated from photovoltaic cells. Solar energy is the radiant energy of the sun, which can be converted into other forms of energy, such as heat or electricity. The State Energy Data System (SEDS) is maintained and operated by the United States Energy Information Administration (EIA). The goal in maintaining SEDS is to create historical time series of energy production, consumption, prices, and expenditures by state that are defined as consistently as possible over time and across sectors. SEDS is used primarily to provide (1) state energy production, consumption, price, and expenditure estimates to Members of Congress, federal and state agencies, and the general public; and (2) the historical time series necessary to develop EIA’s energy models. Efforts are made to ensure that the sums of the state estimates equal the national totals as closely as possible for each energy type and end-use sector as published in other EIA publications. SEDS state energy consumption estimates are generally comparable to the statistics in EIA's Annual Energy Review and Monthly Energy Review consumption tables. Although SEDS incorporates the most consistent series and procedures possible, users of this report should recognize the limitations of the data that are due to changing and inadequate data sources. See the technical documentation for information on data inconsistencies. For more information, also see Data-Planet’s Guide to State Energy Data System at http://data-planet.libguides.com/SEDS . Note that this dataset typically lags two years. Category: Energy Resources and Industries Source: Energy Information Administration The Energy Information Administration (EIA), created by Congress in 1977, is an independent statistical and analytical agency within the United States Department of Energy. Its mission is to provide policy-independent data, forecasts, and analyses to promote sound policy making, efficient markets, and public understanding regarding energy and its interaction with the economy and the environment. http://www.eia.doe.gov/ Subject: Fuel Consumption, Solar Energy, Electricity, Energy Consumption, Renewable Energy

Energy Information Administration. State Energy Data System: Photovoltaic and Solar Thermal Energy | Indicator: Photovoltaic and solar thermal energy total consumption., 1960 - 2013. Data-Planet™ Statistical Datasets by Conquest Systems, Inc. Dataset-ID: 004-012-049 Dataset: Reports estimates of the consumption of photovoltaic and solar thermal energy and electricity production from these sources for the United States as a whole and for individual states and Washington, DC, as available. Photovoltaic energy is direct-current electricity generated from photovoltaic cells. Solar energy is the radiant energy of the sun, which can be converted into other forms of energy, such as heat or electricity. The State Energy Data System (SEDS) is maintained and operated by the United States Energy Information Administration (EIA). The goal in maintaining SEDS is to create historical time series of energy production, consumption, prices, and expenditures by state that are defined as consistently as possible over time and across sectors. SEDS is used primarily to provide (1) state energy production, consumption, price, and expenditure estimates to Members of Congress, federal and state agencies, and the general public; and (2) the historical time series necessary to develop EIA’s energy models. Efforts are made to ensure that the sums of the state estimates equal the national totals as closely as possible for each energy type and end-use sector as published in other EIA publications. SEDS state energy consumption estimates are generally comparable to the statistics in EIA's Annual Energy Review and Monthly Energy Review consumption tables. Although SEDS incorporates the most consistent series and procedures possible, users of this report should recognize the limitations of the data that are due to changing and inadequate data sources. See the technical documentation for information on data inconsistencies. http://www.eia.gov/state/seds/seds-data-complete.cfm Category: Energy Resources and Industries Subject: Fuel Consumption, Energy Consumption, Electricity, Solar Energy, Renewable Energy Source: Energy Information Administration The Energy Information Administration (EIA), created by Congress in 1977, is an independent statistical and analytical agency within the United States Department of Energy. Its mission is to provide policy-independent data, forecasts, and analyses to promote sound policy making, efficient markets, and public understanding regarding energy and its interaction with the economy and the environment. http://www.eia.doe.gov/

Energy Information Administration. State Energy Data System: Photovoltaic and Solar Thermal Energy | Indicator: Photovoltaic and solar thermal energy total consumption., 2012. Data-Planet™ Statistical Datasets by Conquest Systems, Inc. Dataset-ID: 004-012-049 Dataset: Reports estimates of the consumption of photovoltaic and solar thermal energy and electricity production from these sources for the United States as a whole and for individual states and Washington, DC, as available. Photovoltaic energy is direct-current electricity generated from photovoltaic cells. Solar energy is the radiant energy of the sun, which can be converted into other forms of energy, such as heat or electricity. The State Energy Data System (SEDS) is maintained and operated by the United States Energy Information Administration (EIA). The goal in maintaining SEDS is to create historical time series of energy production, consumption, prices, and expenditures by state that are defined as consistently as possible over time and across sectors. SEDS is used primarily to provide (1) state energy production, consumption, price, and expenditure estimates to Members of Congress, federal and state agencies, and the general public; and (2) the historical time series necessary to develop EIA’s energy models. Efforts are made to ensure that the sums of the state estimates equal the national totals as closely as possible for each energy type and end-use sector as published in other EIA publications. SEDS state energy consumption estimates are generally comparable to the statistics in EIA's Annual Energy Review and Monthly Energy Review consumption tables. Although SEDS incorporates the most consistent series and procedures possible, users of this report should recognize the limitations of the data that are due to changing and inadequate data sources. See the technical documentation for information on data inconsistencies. http://www.eia.gov/state/seds/seds-data-complete.cfm Category: Energy Resources and Industries Subject: Fuel Consumption, Energy Consumption, Electricity, Solar Energy, Renewable Energy Source: Energy Information Administration The Energy Information Administration (EIA), created by Congress in 1977, is an independent statistical and analytical agency within the United States Department of Energy. Its mission is to provide policy-independent data, forecasts, and analyses to promote sound policy making, efficient markets, and public understanding regarding energy and its interaction with the economy and the environment. http://www.eia.doe.gov/