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  • Energy Research

  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Pimenta, Francisco José Lourenço;

    A eficiência energética é atualmente considerada um dos aspetos fundamentais para a sustentabilidade do planeta e, sabendo que os edifícios são responsáveis por grande parte do consumo energético, torna-se importante prever corretamente o seu comportamento. Programas de simulação dinâmica são instrumentos eficazes nesse domínio. Para além de estimar o consumo energético, estes ajudam os projetistas a comparar e dimensionar os sistemas de climatização a implementar. Os objetivos da presente dissertação são modelar, em simulação dinâmica, sistemas de climatização radiante, aplicar estes num caso-de-estudo de uma residência unifamiliar de um piso e comparar a sua aplicação em diferentes elementos da construção (pavimento, parede e teto). Pretende-se também que este trabalho resulte num guia de orientação à modelação de sistemas radiantes. A primeira fase da dissertação resume-se à explicação e orientação da modelação de sistemas radiantes no programa EnergyPlus. Depois é analisado o Caso-de-Estudo instalado com sistemas radiantes. O programa de simulação revelou-se versátil mas bastante complexo e, depois de analisados os resultados, concluiu-se que todas as localizações cumprem com as exigências de conforto mas a aplicação no pavimento e no teto através de painéis apresenta um menor consumo energético que nas paredes. Knowing that buildings are responsible for one of the biggest shares of energy demands, efficiency is considered a main issue for the sustainability of planet resources placing building behavior predictions on a raising importance level. Dynamic simulation software’s are effective tools in this area. In addition to estimating energy consumptions, they help designers and engineers comparing and designing HVAC systems to be implemented. The objective of this work is to modeling, in dynamic simulation, radiant systems, apply these on a case study of a low rise single-family house and compare the results under different constructions elements (floor, wall and ceiling). It is intended that this work will result in a guidance document for modeling of such systems. The first stage of the work concerns in the explanation and guidance of modeling radiant systems in EnergyPlus software. Then, the case study installed with radiant systems is analyzed. The simulation software interface offered versatility but complexity and after analyzing the results, it was concluded that all locations reached the comfort requirements. Application on floor and ceiling through radiant panels had a lower energy consumption than in walls. Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Mecânica apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Estudo Geralarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Estudo Geral
    Master thesis . 2015
    Data sources: Estudo Geral
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Estudo Geral
    Master thesis . 2015
    Data sources: Estudo Geral
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Estudo Geralarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Estudo Geral
      Master thesis . 2015
      Data sources: Estudo Geral
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Estudo Geral
      Master thesis . 2015
      Data sources: Estudo Geral
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Pimenta, Francisco José Lourenço;

    A eficiência energética é atualmente considerada um dos aspetos fundamentais para a sustentabilidade do planeta e, sabendo que os edifícios são responsáveis por grande parte do consumo energético, torna-se importante prever corretamente o seu comportamento. Programas de simulação dinâmica são instrumentos eficazes nesse domínio. Para além de estimar o consumo energético, estes ajudam os projetistas a comparar e dimensionar os sistemas de climatização a implementar. Os objetivos da presente dissertação são modelar, em simulação dinâmica, sistemas de climatização radiante, aplicar estes num caso-de-estudo de uma residência unifamiliar de um piso e comparar a sua aplicação em diferentes elementos da construção (pavimento, parede e teto). Pretende-se também que este trabalho resulte num guia de orientação à modelação de sistemas radiantes. A primeira fase da dissertação resume-se à explicação e orientação da modelação de sistemas radiantes no programa EnergyPlus. Depois é analisado o Caso-de-Estudo instalado com sistemas radiantes. O programa de simulação revelou-se versátil mas bastante complexo e, depois de analisados os resultados, concluiu-se que todas as localizações cumprem com as exigências de conforto mas a aplicação no pavimento e no teto através de painéis apresenta um menor consumo energético que nas paredes. Knowing that buildings are responsible for one of the biggest shares of energy demands, efficiency is considered a main issue for the sustainability of planet resources placing building behavior predictions on a raising importance level. Dynamic simulation software’s are effective tools in this area. In addition to estimating energy consumptions, they help designers and engineers comparing and designing HVAC systems to be implemented. The objective of this work is to modeling, in dynamic simulation, radiant systems, apply these on a case study of a low rise single-family house and compare the results under different constructions elements (floor, wall and ceiling). It is intended that this work will result in a guidance document for modeling of such systems. The first stage of the work concerns in the explanation and guidance of modeling radiant systems in EnergyPlus software. Then, the case study installed with radiant systems is analyzed. The simulation software interface offered versatility but complexity and after analyzing the results, it was concluded that all locations reached the comfort requirements. Application on floor and ceiling through radiant panels had a lower energy consumption than in walls. Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Mecânica apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Estudo Geralarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Estudo Geral
    Master thesis . 2015
    Data sources: Estudo Geral
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Estudo Geral
    Master thesis . 2015
    Data sources: Estudo Geral
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Estudo Geralarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Estudo Geral
      Master thesis . 2015
      Data sources: Estudo Geral
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Estudo Geral
      Master thesis . 2015
      Data sources: Estudo Geral
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  • Authors: Ashton, Emily Miriam Ruth;

    [No abstract available]

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  • Authors: Ashton, Emily Miriam Ruth;

    [No abstract available]

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  • Authors: Florida Solar Energy Center; Fairey, Philip;

    A radiant barrier system is, in general, a layer of foil facing an airspace, installed in the envelope of a building. Such systems are very effective in impeding radiant heat transfer and consequent heat gain, especially in southern residences. Before designing and installing a radiant barrier system, you should become familiar with the concept of radiant energy transfer. Design Note 6, Radiant Energy Transfer and Radiant Barrier Systems in Buildings, is required reading if you are not familiar with this concept.

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  • Authors: Florida Solar Energy Center; Fairey, Philip;

    A radiant barrier system is, in general, a layer of foil facing an airspace, installed in the envelope of a building. Such systems are very effective in impeding radiant heat transfer and consequent heat gain, especially in southern residences. Before designing and installing a radiant barrier system, you should become familiar with the concept of radiant energy transfer. Design Note 6, Radiant Energy Transfer and Radiant Barrier Systems in Buildings, is required reading if you are not familiar with this concept.

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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Baldini E; Rossi F; Baraldi R; Marangoni B;

    Continuous mechanical hedging may lead to a marked decrease of spur and fruit formation in apple trees when the radiant energy in the canopy decreases to less than 30% of its exterior level/3/. Since no information is yet available on the relationship of radiant energy, tree arrangement and pruning method in pears, the present investigation attempts to address this subject.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao IRIS Cnrarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    IRIS Cnr
    Article . 1984
    Data sources: IRIS Cnr
    Acta Horticulturae
    Article . 1984 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: Crossref
    CNR ExploRA
    Article . 1984
    Data sources: CNR ExploRA
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao IRIS Cnrarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      IRIS Cnr
      Article . 1984
      Data sources: IRIS Cnr
      Acta Horticulturae
      Article . 1984 . Peer-reviewed
      Data sources: Crossref
      CNR ExploRA
      Article . 1984
      Data sources: CNR ExploRA
      addClaim

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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Baldini E; Rossi F; Baraldi R; Marangoni B;

    Continuous mechanical hedging may lead to a marked decrease of spur and fruit formation in apple trees when the radiant energy in the canopy decreases to less than 30% of its exterior level/3/. Since no information is yet available on the relationship of radiant energy, tree arrangement and pruning method in pears, the present investigation attempts to address this subject.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao IRIS Cnrarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    IRIS Cnr
    Article . 1984
    Data sources: IRIS Cnr
    Acta Horticulturae
    Article . 1984 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: Crossref
    CNR ExploRA
    Article . 1984
    Data sources: CNR ExploRA
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao IRIS Cnrarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      IRIS Cnr
      Article . 1984
      Data sources: IRIS Cnr
      Acta Horticulturae
      Article . 1984 . Peer-reviewed
      Data sources: Crossref
      CNR ExploRA
      Article . 1984
      Data sources: CNR ExploRA
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Acet, Ruşen Can;

    This thesis is an experimental-numerical study for the thermal comfort assessment of radiant heating system for different heating configuration such as from a wall, ceiling and combination of both that is installed in a test room with dimensions of 4m x 4m x 3m. Comfort evaluation was done by using the PMV (The Predicted Mean Vote) - PPD (Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfaction) index developed by Fanger [1]. In addition, for each heating scenario, human body exergy balance was calculated and the effect of exergy consumption rate on thermal comfort was evaluated. The data generated during the tests are used in numerical model for the validation of it. Numerical model is used to investigate the air temperature distribution, velocity fields for different cases. Three different heating configurations were evaluated in numerical model as same as experimental study. Wall heating, ceiling heating wall and ceiling heating scenarios were explored in terms of PMV thermal comfort index and human body exergy balance approach.All the numerical analysis studies were conducted using the Academic version of ANSYS 17.1, which is a commercial package program for numerical modelling. It contains special modules for different stages of the modelling process. After the three-dimensional room geometry was created in the Design Modeler module, the meshing module was subjected to decomposition using the finite volume method. Numerical solutions were made in Fluent, a widely used computational fluid dynamics module. The temperature and velocity fields were visually inspected using CFD-Post software as the final processor program. The natural convection was modelled using the Boussinesq approach, and the standard k-ε model which is a common numerical solution was picked to model turbulence. A Discrete Ordinates model with no scattering was used for radiative heat transfer. Numerical solution results were compared with different mesh numbers and mesh independence was observed.Radiant panels have been investigated to provide and maintain thermal comfort at different surface set temperatures. In the given set values, temperature distribution in the vertical and horizontal direction, mean radiant temperature and air velocity values in the room were examined. It has been observed that the exergy consumption values in the radiant heating system are close to the lowest values stated in the literature. Also, the temperature distribution in the room is considerably lower than all conventional systems. This demonstrates that radiant systems using low quality energy sources provide efficient, environmentally-friendly comfort solutions. It should be stated that it is a preliminary study for the location-based heating technologies and this method can be an innovative solution for heating / cooling industry. Therefore, it can be further evaluated in future research studies. Bu tez çalışmasında boyutları 4m x 4m x 3m olan bir odanın duvar ve tavan radyant panellerle ısıtması ve ikisinin bir arada olduğu ısıtma konfigurasyonları için deneysel ve sayısal konfor değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır. Bu tezde Fanger [1] tarafından geliştirilen standart termal konfor değerlendirme ölçeği olarak kabul edilen Tahmini Ortalama Konfor Oylaması (PMV- The Predicted Mean Vote) ve Tahmini Memnuniyetsizlik Oranı (PPD- Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfaction) değerleri her bir durum için hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca her senaryo için insan vücudunun ekserji dengesi hesaplanarak, vücudun tükettiği ekserji değerinin konfora olan etkisi araştırılmıştır. Sayısal model, test odasında oluşturulan deneysel veriler ile doğrulanmıştır. Belirlenen senaryolar, PMV-PPD termal konfor indeksi ve insan vücudu ekserji dengesi yaklaşımı kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Sayısal model yardımıyla oda içerisinde farklı durumlar için hava sıcaklık dağılımı ve hava hızı dağılımı incelenmiştir. Sayısal analiz çalışmaları, dünya genelinde yaygın olarak kullanılan bir ticari paket program olan ve arayüzünde farklı modelleme araçları bulunan ANSYS 17.1'in akademik versiyonu kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Odanın geometrisi Design Modeler modülünde tasarlanmıştır. Sonrasında yazılımın Meshing modülünde sonlu hacimler metodu kullanılarak ayrıklaştırma işlemi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bir hesaplamalı akışkanlar dinamiği (HAD) yazılımı olan Fluent yazılımı kullanılarak sayısal çalışmalar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen analizlerin sonuçları, CFD-Post yazılımında detaylı görseller ve hesap fonksiyonları ile birlikte incelenmiştir. Sıcaklık ve hız dağılımı, bu bölümde incelenmiştir. Doğal taşınımda Boussinesq yaklaşımı, türbülansın modellenmesinde standart k-ε modeli ve radyasyonla ısı transferi için Discrete Ordinates modeli saçılma dahil edilmeden kullanılmıştır. Sayısal çözüm sonuçları farklı mesh sayılarında kıyaslamıştır ve mesh bağımsızlığının olduğu gözlenmiştir. Panellerin ayarlanan yüzey sıcaklıklarında termal konforu sağlayıp sağlamadıkları incelenmiştir. Verilen set değerlerinde oda içerisinde düşey ve yatay yöndeki sıcaklık dağılımı, ortalama ışınımsal sıcaklık ve hava hızı değerleri incelenmiştir. Radyant ısıtma sisteminde ekserji tüketim değerlerinin literatürde belirtilen en düşük değerlere yakın olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Bu da radyant sistemlerin düşük kalitede (low-ex) enerji kaynaklarını kullanarak, klasik sistemlere göre daha çevreci ve ekonomik bir iklimlendirme çözümü olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bu tez içerisinde yer alan farklı konumlardan ışınım ile ısıtma yapılması hususu, gelecekte kullanıcıya sunulabilecek yenilikçi bir yöntemdir ve konum bazlı ısıtma-soğutma çözümleri için bir ön çalışma niteliğinde olduğu belirtilmelidir. 153

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    Authors: Acet, Ruşen Can;

    This thesis is an experimental-numerical study for the thermal comfort assessment of radiant heating system for different heating configuration such as from a wall, ceiling and combination of both that is installed in a test room with dimensions of 4m x 4m x 3m. Comfort evaluation was done by using the PMV (The Predicted Mean Vote) - PPD (Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfaction) index developed by Fanger [1]. In addition, for each heating scenario, human body exergy balance was calculated and the effect of exergy consumption rate on thermal comfort was evaluated. The data generated during the tests are used in numerical model for the validation of it. Numerical model is used to investigate the air temperature distribution, velocity fields for different cases. Three different heating configurations were evaluated in numerical model as same as experimental study. Wall heating, ceiling heating wall and ceiling heating scenarios were explored in terms of PMV thermal comfort index and human body exergy balance approach.All the numerical analysis studies were conducted using the Academic version of ANSYS 17.1, which is a commercial package program for numerical modelling. It contains special modules for different stages of the modelling process. After the three-dimensional room geometry was created in the Design Modeler module, the meshing module was subjected to decomposition using the finite volume method. Numerical solutions were made in Fluent, a widely used computational fluid dynamics module. The temperature and velocity fields were visually inspected using CFD-Post software as the final processor program. The natural convection was modelled using the Boussinesq approach, and the standard k-ε model which is a common numerical solution was picked to model turbulence. A Discrete Ordinates model with no scattering was used for radiative heat transfer. Numerical solution results were compared with different mesh numbers and mesh independence was observed.Radiant panels have been investigated to provide and maintain thermal comfort at different surface set temperatures. In the given set values, temperature distribution in the vertical and horizontal direction, mean radiant temperature and air velocity values in the room were examined. It has been observed that the exergy consumption values in the radiant heating system are close to the lowest values stated in the literature. Also, the temperature distribution in the room is considerably lower than all conventional systems. This demonstrates that radiant systems using low quality energy sources provide efficient, environmentally-friendly comfort solutions. It should be stated that it is a preliminary study for the location-based heating technologies and this method can be an innovative solution for heating / cooling industry. Therefore, it can be further evaluated in future research studies. Bu tez çalışmasında boyutları 4m x 4m x 3m olan bir odanın duvar ve tavan radyant panellerle ısıtması ve ikisinin bir arada olduğu ısıtma konfigurasyonları için deneysel ve sayısal konfor değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır. Bu tezde Fanger [1] tarafından geliştirilen standart termal konfor değerlendirme ölçeği olarak kabul edilen Tahmini Ortalama Konfor Oylaması (PMV- The Predicted Mean Vote) ve Tahmini Memnuniyetsizlik Oranı (PPD- Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfaction) değerleri her bir durum için hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca her senaryo için insan vücudunun ekserji dengesi hesaplanarak, vücudun tükettiği ekserji değerinin konfora olan etkisi araştırılmıştır. Sayısal model, test odasında oluşturulan deneysel veriler ile doğrulanmıştır. Belirlenen senaryolar, PMV-PPD termal konfor indeksi ve insan vücudu ekserji dengesi yaklaşımı kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Sayısal model yardımıyla oda içerisinde farklı durumlar için hava sıcaklık dağılımı ve hava hızı dağılımı incelenmiştir. Sayısal analiz çalışmaları, dünya genelinde yaygın olarak kullanılan bir ticari paket program olan ve arayüzünde farklı modelleme araçları bulunan ANSYS 17.1'in akademik versiyonu kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Odanın geometrisi Design Modeler modülünde tasarlanmıştır. Sonrasında yazılımın Meshing modülünde sonlu hacimler metodu kullanılarak ayrıklaştırma işlemi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bir hesaplamalı akışkanlar dinamiği (HAD) yazılımı olan Fluent yazılımı kullanılarak sayısal çalışmalar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen analizlerin sonuçları, CFD-Post yazılımında detaylı görseller ve hesap fonksiyonları ile birlikte incelenmiştir. Sıcaklık ve hız dağılımı, bu bölümde incelenmiştir. Doğal taşınımda Boussinesq yaklaşımı, türbülansın modellenmesinde standart k-ε modeli ve radyasyonla ısı transferi için Discrete Ordinates modeli saçılma dahil edilmeden kullanılmıştır. Sayısal çözüm sonuçları farklı mesh sayılarında kıyaslamıştır ve mesh bağımsızlığının olduğu gözlenmiştir. Panellerin ayarlanan yüzey sıcaklıklarında termal konforu sağlayıp sağlamadıkları incelenmiştir. Verilen set değerlerinde oda içerisinde düşey ve yatay yöndeki sıcaklık dağılımı, ortalama ışınımsal sıcaklık ve hava hızı değerleri incelenmiştir. Radyant ısıtma sisteminde ekserji tüketim değerlerinin literatürde belirtilen en düşük değerlere yakın olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Bu da radyant sistemlerin düşük kalitede (low-ex) enerji kaynaklarını kullanarak, klasik sistemlere göre daha çevreci ve ekonomik bir iklimlendirme çözümü olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bu tez içerisinde yer alan farklı konumlardan ışınım ile ısıtma yapılması hususu, gelecekte kullanıcıya sunulabilecek yenilikçi bir yöntemdir ve konum bazlı ısıtma-soğutma çözümleri için bir ön çalışma niteliğinde olduğu belirtilmelidir. 153

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    Authors: Gennady Shkliarevsky (7026353);

    @font-face {font-family:Cambria; panose-1:0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0; mso-font-alt:"Times New Roman"; mso-font-charset:77; mso-generic-font-family:roman; mso-font-format:other; mso-font-pitch:auto; mso-font-signature:3 0 0 0 1 0;}p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin:0in; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:Cambria; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}div.Section1 {page:Section1;} The essay argues that the standard cosmological model is one-sided and incomplete. Its recognition of the primacy of radiant energy has no rational justification and empirical verification and, therefore, is arbitrary and subjective. The subjective and arbitrary choice of this foundational “self-evident truth” renders the entire standard model subjective and arbitrary. Numerous paradoxes and inconsistencies plague the standard model. As a result, from the perspective of the standard cosmological model the universe appears, as some cosmologists argue, “absurd” and many of its parts seem inaccessible to our understanding. The essay attempts to provide a more balanced approach. It argues that the recognition of equal importance of both radiant and non-radiant forms of energy and matter is essential for a comprehensive and objective understanding of how the universe works. The essay also tries to outline the new cosmological model that recognizes the equal importance of both types of energy and matter and of their complementary relationship.

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    Authors: Gennady Shkliarevsky (7026353);

    @font-face {font-family:Cambria; panose-1:0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0; mso-font-alt:"Times New Roman"; mso-font-charset:77; mso-generic-font-family:roman; mso-font-format:other; mso-font-pitch:auto; mso-font-signature:3 0 0 0 1 0;}p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin:0in; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:Cambria; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}div.Section1 {page:Section1;} The essay argues that the standard cosmological model is one-sided and incomplete. Its recognition of the primacy of radiant energy has no rational justification and empirical verification and, therefore, is arbitrary and subjective. The subjective and arbitrary choice of this foundational “self-evident truth” renders the entire standard model subjective and arbitrary. Numerous paradoxes and inconsistencies plague the standard model. As a result, from the perspective of the standard cosmological model the universe appears, as some cosmologists argue, “absurd” and many of its parts seem inaccessible to our understanding. The essay attempts to provide a more balanced approach. It argues that the recognition of equal importance of both radiant and non-radiant forms of energy and matter is essential for a comprehensive and objective understanding of how the universe works. The essay also tries to outline the new cosmological model that recognizes the equal importance of both types of energy and matter and of their complementary relationship.

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  • Authors: Toquero García, Iñaki;

    Trabajo Fin de Grado leído en la Universidad Rey Juan Carlos en el curso académico 2023/2024. Directores/as: Miguel Ángel Reyes Belmonte ; Análisis y diseño de un sistema de climatización por aerotermia para un bloque de oficinas situado en Móstoles, Madrid. Se ha realizado un estudio de cargas térmicas mediante el software CLIMA teniendo en cuenta las características constructivas, condiciones interiores y exteriores de diseño, perfiles de uso, etc. El sistema de distribución que se ha utilizado es suelo radiante con disposición en espiral.

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  • Authors: Toquero García, Iñaki;

    Trabajo Fin de Grado leído en la Universidad Rey Juan Carlos en el curso académico 2023/2024. Directores/as: Miguel Ángel Reyes Belmonte ; Análisis y diseño de un sistema de climatización por aerotermia para un bloque de oficinas situado en Móstoles, Madrid. Se ha realizado un estudio de cargas térmicas mediante el software CLIMA teniendo en cuenta las características constructivas, condiciones interiores y exteriores de diseño, perfiles de uso, etc. El sistema de distribución que se ha utilizado es suelo radiante con disposición en espiral.

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    Authors: Toquero García, Iñaki;

    Trabajo Fin de Grado leído en la Universidad Rey Juan Carlos en el curso académico 2023/2024. Directores/as: Miguel Ángel Reyes Belmonte Análisis y diseño de un sistema de climatización por aerotermia para un bloque de oficinas situado en Móstoles, Madrid. Se ha realizado un estudio de cargas térmicas mediante el software CLIMA teniendo en cuenta las características constructivas, condiciones interiores y exteriores de diseño, perfiles de uso, etc. El sistema de distribución que se ha utilizado es suelo radiante con disposición en espiral.

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    Authors: Toquero García, Iñaki;

    Trabajo Fin de Grado leído en la Universidad Rey Juan Carlos en el curso académico 2023/2024. Directores/as: Miguel Ángel Reyes Belmonte Análisis y diseño de un sistema de climatización por aerotermia para un bloque de oficinas situado en Móstoles, Madrid. Se ha realizado un estudio de cargas térmicas mediante el software CLIMA teniendo en cuenta las características constructivas, condiciones interiores y exteriores de diseño, perfiles de uso, etc. El sistema de distribución que se ha utilizado es suelo radiante con disposición en espiral.

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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Recolector de Cienci...arrow_drop_down
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  • Authors: Florida Solar Energy Center; Fairey, Philip;

    In Florida and other southern climates we depend on a number of strategies to keep heat out of buildings. Mostly, these affect heat gains by conduction or convection. In the average house, insulating walls and ceilings primarily restricts conduction. Double-glazed windows restrict both conductive and convective heat gain. We have largely ignored radiation - the third means of heat transfer - except in using window treatments and coatings that reflect, absorb or shade from solar energy. But research points to exciting potential for reducing heat gain in buildings by controlling radiation transfer in walls and ceilings through the use of radiant barriers.

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  • Authors: Florida Solar Energy Center; Fairey, Philip;

    In Florida and other southern climates we depend on a number of strategies to keep heat out of buildings. Mostly, these affect heat gains by conduction or convection. In the average house, insulating walls and ceilings primarily restricts conduction. Double-glazed windows restrict both conductive and convective heat gain. We have largely ignored radiation - the third means of heat transfer - except in using window treatments and coatings that reflect, absorb or shade from solar energy. But research points to exciting potential for reducing heat gain in buildings by controlling radiation transfer in walls and ceilings through the use of radiant barriers.

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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Halawa, E.; van Hoof, J.; Soebarto, V.;

    Thermal comfort is determined by the combined effect of the six thermal comfort parameters: temperature, air moisture content, thermal radiation, air relative velocity, personal activity and clothing level as formulated by Fanger through his double heat balance equations. In conventional air conditioning systems, air temperature is the parameter that is normally controlled whilst others are assumed to have values within the specified ranges at the design stage. In Fanger’s double heat balance equation, thermal radiation factor appears as the mean radiant temperature (MRT), however, its impact on thermal comfort is often ignored. This paper discusses the impacts of the thermal radiation field which takes the forms of mean radiant temperature and radiation asymmetry on thermal comfort, building energy consumption and air-conditioning control. Several conditions and applications in which the effects of mean radiant temperature and radiation asymmetry cannot be ignored are discussed. Several misinterpretations that arise from the formula relating mean radiant temperature and the operative temperature are highlighted, coupled with a discussion on the lack of reliable and affordable devices that measure this parameter. The usefulness of the concept of the operative temperature as a measure of combined effect of mean radiant and air temperatures on occupant’s thermal comfort is critically questioned, especially in relation to the control strategy based on this derived parameter. Examples of systems which deliver comfort using thermal radiation are presented. Finally, the paper presents various options that need to be considered in the efforts to mitigate the impacts of the thermal radiant field on the occupants’ thermal comfort and building energy consumption.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Renewable and Sustai...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
    Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Renewable and Sustai...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
      Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Halawa, E.; van Hoof, J.; Soebarto, V.;

    Thermal comfort is determined by the combined effect of the six thermal comfort parameters: temperature, air moisture content, thermal radiation, air relative velocity, personal activity and clothing level as formulated by Fanger through his double heat balance equations. In conventional air conditioning systems, air temperature is the parameter that is normally controlled whilst others are assumed to have values within the specified ranges at the design stage. In Fanger’s double heat balance equation, thermal radiation factor appears as the mean radiant temperature (MRT), however, its impact on thermal comfort is often ignored. This paper discusses the impacts of the thermal radiation field which takes the forms of mean radiant temperature and radiation asymmetry on thermal comfort, building energy consumption and air-conditioning control. Several conditions and applications in which the effects of mean radiant temperature and radiation asymmetry cannot be ignored are discussed. Several misinterpretations that arise from the formula relating mean radiant temperature and the operative temperature are highlighted, coupled with a discussion on the lack of reliable and affordable devices that measure this parameter. The usefulness of the concept of the operative temperature as a measure of combined effect of mean radiant and air temperatures on occupant’s thermal comfort is critically questioned, especially in relation to the control strategy based on this derived parameter. Examples of systems which deliver comfort using thermal radiation are presented. Finally, the paper presents various options that need to be considered in the efforts to mitigate the impacts of the thermal radiant field on the occupants’ thermal comfort and building energy consumption.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Renewable and Sustai...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
    Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Renewable and Sustai...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
      Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Pimenta, Francisco José Lourenço;

    A eficiência energética é atualmente considerada um dos aspetos fundamentais para a sustentabilidade do planeta e, sabendo que os edifícios são responsáveis por grande parte do consumo energético, torna-se importante prever corretamente o seu comportamento. Programas de simulação dinâmica são instrumentos eficazes nesse domínio. Para além de estimar o consumo energético, estes ajudam os projetistas a comparar e dimensionar os sistemas de climatização a implementar. Os objetivos da presente dissertação são modelar, em simulação dinâmica, sistemas de climatização radiante, aplicar estes num caso-de-estudo de uma residência unifamiliar de um piso e comparar a sua aplicação em diferentes elementos da construção (pavimento, parede e teto). Pretende-se também que este trabalho resulte num guia de orientação à modelação de sistemas radiantes. A primeira fase da dissertação resume-se à explicação e orientação da modelação de sistemas radiantes no programa EnergyPlus. Depois é analisado o Caso-de-Estudo instalado com sistemas radiantes. O programa de simulação revelou-se versátil mas bastante complexo e, depois de analisados os resultados, concluiu-se que todas as localizações cumprem com as exigências de conforto mas a aplicação no pavimento e no teto através de painéis apresenta um menor consumo energético que nas paredes. Knowing that buildings are responsible for one of the biggest shares of energy demands, efficiency is considered a main issue for the sustainability of planet resources placing building behavior predictions on a raising importance level. Dynamic simulation software’s are effective tools in this area. In addition to estimating energy consumptions, they help designers and engineers comparing and designing HVAC systems to be implemented. The objective of this work is to modeling, in dynamic simulation, radiant systems, apply these on a case study of a low rise single-family house and compare the results under different constructions elements (floor, wall and ceiling). It is intended that this work will result in a guidance document for modeling of such systems. The first stage of the work concerns in the explanation and guidance of modeling radiant systems in EnergyPlus software. Then, the case study installed with radiant systems is analyzed. The simulation software interface offered versatility but complexity and after analyzing the results, it was concluded that all locations reached the comfort requirements. Application on floor and ceiling through radiant panels had a lower energy consumption than in walls. Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Mecânica apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Estudo Geralarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Estudo Geral
    Master thesis . 2015
    Data sources: Estudo Geral
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Estudo Geral
    Master thesis . 2015
    Data sources: Estudo Geral
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Estudo Geralarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Estudo Geral
      Master thesis . 2015
      Data sources: Estudo Geral
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Estudo Geral
      Master thesis . 2015
      Data sources: Estudo Geral
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Pimenta, Francisco José Lourenço;

    A eficiência energética é atualmente considerada um dos aspetos fundamentais para a sustentabilidade do planeta e, sabendo que os edifícios são responsáveis por grande parte do consumo energético, torna-se importante prever corretamente o seu comportamento. Programas de simulação dinâmica são instrumentos eficazes nesse domínio. Para além de estimar o consumo energético, estes ajudam os projetistas a comparar e dimensionar os sistemas de climatização a implementar. Os objetivos da presente dissertação são modelar, em simulação dinâmica, sistemas de climatização radiante, aplicar estes num caso-de-estudo de uma residência unifamiliar de um piso e comparar a sua aplicação em diferentes elementos da construção (pavimento, parede e teto). Pretende-se também que este trabalho resulte num guia de orientação à modelação de sistemas radiantes. A primeira fase da dissertação resume-se à explicação e orientação da modelação de sistemas radiantes no programa EnergyPlus. Depois é analisado o Caso-de-Estudo instalado com sistemas radiantes. O programa de simulação revelou-se versátil mas bastante complexo e, depois de analisados os resultados, concluiu-se que todas as localizações cumprem com as exigências de conforto mas a aplicação no pavimento e no teto através de painéis apresenta um menor consumo energético que nas paredes. Knowing that buildings are responsible for one of the biggest shares of energy demands, efficiency is considered a main issue for the sustainability of planet resources placing building behavior predictions on a raising importance level. Dynamic simulation software’s are effective tools in this area. In addition to estimating energy consumptions, they help designers and engineers comparing and designing HVAC systems to be implemented. The objective of this work is to modeling, in dynamic simulation, radiant systems, apply these on a case study of a low rise single-family house and compare the results under different constructions elements (floor, wall and ceiling). It is intended that this work will result in a guidance document for modeling of such systems. The first stage of the work concerns in the explanation and guidance of modeling radiant systems in EnergyPlus software. Then, the case study installed with radiant systems is analyzed. The simulation software interface offered versatility but complexity and after analyzing the results, it was concluded that all locations reached the comfort requirements. Application on floor and ceiling through radiant panels had a lower energy consumption than in walls. Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Mecânica apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Estudo Geralarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Estudo Geral
    Master thesis . 2015
    Data sources: Estudo Geral
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Estudo Geral
    Master thesis . 2015
    Data sources: Estudo Geral
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Estudo Geralarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Estudo Geral
      Master thesis . 2015
      Data sources: Estudo Geral
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Estudo Geral
      Master thesis . 2015
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  • Authors: Ashton, Emily Miriam Ruth;

    [No abstract available]

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  • Authors: Ashton, Emily Miriam Ruth;

    [No abstract available]

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  • Authors: Florida Solar Energy Center; Fairey, Philip;

    A radiant barrier system is, in general, a layer of foil facing an airspace, installed in the envelope of a building. Such systems are very effective in impeding radiant heat transfer and consequent heat gain, especially in southern residences. Before designing and installing a radiant barrier system, you should become familiar with the concept of radiant energy transfer. Design Note 6, Radiant Energy Transfer and Radiant Barrier Systems in Buildings, is required reading if you are not familiar with this concept.

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  • Authors: Florida Solar Energy Center; Fairey, Philip;

    A radiant barrier system is, in general, a layer of foil facing an airspace, installed in the envelope of a building. Such systems are very effective in impeding radiant heat transfer and consequent heat gain, especially in southern residences. Before designing and installing a radiant barrier system, you should become familiar with the concept of radiant energy transfer. Design Note 6, Radiant Energy Transfer and Radiant Barrier Systems in Buildings, is required reading if you are not familiar with this concept.

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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Baldini E; Rossi F; Baraldi R; Marangoni B;

    Continuous mechanical hedging may lead to a marked decrease of spur and fruit formation in apple trees when the radiant energy in the canopy decreases to less than 30% of its exterior level/3/. Since no information is yet available on the relationship of radiant energy, tree arrangement and pruning method in pears, the present investigation attempts to address this subject.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao IRIS Cnrarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    IRIS Cnr
    Article . 1984
    Data sources: IRIS Cnr
    Acta Horticulturae
    Article . 1984 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: Crossref
    CNR ExploRA
    Article . 1984
    Data sources: CNR ExploRA
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao IRIS Cnrarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      IRIS Cnr
      Article . 1984
      Data sources: IRIS Cnr
      Acta Horticulturae
      Article . 1984 . Peer-reviewed
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      CNR ExploRA
      Article . 1984
      Data sources: CNR ExploRA
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Baldini E; Rossi F; Baraldi R; Marangoni B;

    Continuous mechanical hedging may lead to a marked decrease of spur and fruit formation in apple trees when the radiant energy in the canopy decreases to less than 30% of its exterior level/3/. Since no information is yet available on the relationship of radiant energy, tree arrangement and pruning method in pears, the present investigation attempts to address this subject.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao IRIS Cnrarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    IRIS Cnr
    Article . 1984
    Data sources: IRIS Cnr
    Acta Horticulturae
    Article . 1984 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: Crossref
    CNR ExploRA
    Article . 1984
    Data sources: CNR ExploRA
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao IRIS Cnrarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      IRIS Cnr
      Article . 1984
      Data sources: IRIS Cnr
      Acta Horticulturae
      Article . 1984 . Peer-reviewed
      Data sources: Crossref
      CNR ExploRA
      Article . 1984
      Data sources: CNR ExploRA
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Acet, Ruşen Can;

    This thesis is an experimental-numerical study for the thermal comfort assessment of radiant heating system for different heating configuration such as from a wall, ceiling and combination of both that is installed in a test room with dimensions of 4m x 4m x 3m. Comfort evaluation was done by using the PMV (The Predicted Mean Vote) - PPD (Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfaction) index developed by Fanger [1]. In addition, for each heating scenario, human body exergy balance was calculated and the effect of exergy consumption rate on thermal comfort was evaluated. The data generated during the tests are used in numerical model for the validation of it. Numerical model is used to investigate the air temperature distribution, velocity fields for different cases. Three different heating configurations were evaluated in numerical model as same as experimental study. Wall heating, ceiling heating wall and ceiling heating scenarios were explored in terms of PMV thermal comfort index and human body exergy balance approach.All the numerical analysis studies were conducted using the Academic version of ANSYS 17.1, which is a commercial package program for numerical modelling. It contains special modules for different stages of the modelling process. After the three-dimensional room geometry was created in the Design Modeler module, the meshing module was subjected to decomposition using the finite volume method. Numerical solutions were made in Fluent, a widely used computational fluid dynamics module. The temperature and velocity fields were visually inspected using CFD-Post software as the final processor program. The natural convection was modelled using the Boussinesq approach, and the standard k-ε model which is a common numerical solution was picked to model turbulence. A Discrete Ordinates model with no scattering was used for radiative heat transfer. Numerical solution results were compared with different mesh numbers and mesh independence was observed.Radiant panels have been investigated to provide and maintain thermal comfort at different surface set temperatures. In the given set values, temperature distribution in the vertical and horizontal direction, mean radiant temperature and air velocity values in the room were examined. It has been observed that the exergy consumption values in the radiant heating system are close to the lowest values stated in the literature. Also, the temperature distribution in the room is considerably lower than all conventional systems. This demonstrates that radiant systems using low quality energy sources provide efficient, environmentally-friendly comfort solutions. It should be stated that it is a preliminary study for the location-based heating technologies and this method can be an innovative solution for heating / cooling industry. Therefore, it can be further evaluated in future research studies. Bu tez çalışmasında boyutları 4m x 4m x 3m olan bir odanın duvar ve tavan radyant panellerle ısıtması ve ikisinin bir arada olduğu ısıtma konfigurasyonları için deneysel ve sayısal konfor değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır. Bu tezde Fanger [1] tarafından geliştirilen standart termal konfor değerlendirme ölçeği olarak kabul edilen Tahmini Ortalama Konfor Oylaması (PMV- The Predicted Mean Vote) ve Tahmini Memnuniyetsizlik Oranı (PPD- Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfaction) değerleri her bir durum için hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca her senaryo için insan vücudunun ekserji dengesi hesaplanarak, vücudun tükettiği ekserji değerinin konfora olan etkisi araştırılmıştır. Sayısal model, test odasında oluşturulan deneysel veriler ile doğrulanmıştır. Belirlenen senaryolar, PMV-PPD termal konfor indeksi ve insan vücudu ekserji dengesi yaklaşımı kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Sayısal model yardımıyla oda içerisinde farklı durumlar için hava sıcaklık dağılımı ve hava hızı dağılımı incelenmiştir. Sayısal analiz çalışmaları, dünya genelinde yaygın olarak kullanılan bir ticari paket program olan ve arayüzünde farklı modelleme araçları bulunan ANSYS 17.1'in akademik versiyonu kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Odanın geometrisi Design Modeler modülünde tasarlanmıştır. Sonrasında yazılımın Meshing modülünde sonlu hacimler metodu kullanılarak ayrıklaştırma işlemi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bir hesaplamalı akışkanlar dinamiği (HAD) yazılımı olan Fluent yazılımı kullanılarak sayısal çalışmalar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen analizlerin sonuçları, CFD-Post yazılımında detaylı görseller ve hesap fonksiyonları ile birlikte incelenmiştir. Sıcaklık ve hız dağılımı, bu bölümde incelenmiştir. Doğal taşınımda Boussinesq yaklaşımı, türbülansın modellenmesinde standart k-ε modeli ve radyasyonla ısı transferi için Discrete Ordinates modeli saçılma dahil edilmeden kullanılmıştır. Sayısal çözüm sonuçları farklı mesh sayılarında kıyaslamıştır ve mesh bağımsızlığının olduğu gözlenmiştir. Panellerin ayarlanan yüzey sıcaklıklarında termal konforu sağlayıp sağlamadıkları incelenmiştir. Verilen set değerlerinde oda içerisinde düşey ve yatay yöndeki sıcaklık dağılımı, ortalama ışınımsal sıcaklık ve hava hızı değerleri incelenmiştir. Radyant ısıtma sisteminde ekserji tüketim değerlerinin literatürde belirtilen en düşük değerlere yakın olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Bu da radyant sistemlerin düşük kalitede (low-ex) enerji kaynaklarını kullanarak, klasik sistemlere göre daha çevreci ve ekonomik bir iklimlendirme çözümü olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bu tez içerisinde yer alan farklı konumlardan ışınım ile ısıtma yapılması hususu, gelecekte kullanıcıya sunulabilecek yenilikçi bir yöntemdir ve konum bazlı ısıtma-soğutma çözümleri için bir ön çalışma niteliğinde olduğu belirtilmelidir. 153

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    Authors: Acet, Ruşen Can;

    This thesis is an experimental-numerical study for the thermal comfort assessment of radiant heating system for different heating configuration such as from a wall, ceiling and combination of both that is installed in a test room with dimensions of 4m x 4m x 3m. Comfort evaluation was done by using the PMV (The Predicted Mean Vote) - PPD (Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfaction) index developed by Fanger [1]. In addition, for each heating scenario, human body exergy balance was calculated and the effect of exergy consumption rate on thermal comfort was evaluated. The data generated during the tests are used in numerical model for the validation of it. Numerical model is used to investigate the air temperature distribution, velocity fields for different cases. Three different heating configurations were evaluated in numerical model as same as experimental study. Wall heating, ceiling heating wall and ceiling heating scenarios were explored in terms of PMV thermal comfort index and human body exergy balance approach.All the numerical analysis studies were conducted using the Academic version of ANSYS 17.1, which is a commercial package program for numerical modelling. It contains special modules for different stages of the modelling process. After the three-dimensional room geometry was created in the Design Modeler module, the meshing module was subjected to decomposition using the finite volume method. Numerical solutions were made in Fluent, a widely used computational fluid dynamics module. The temperature and velocity fields were visually inspected using CFD-Post software as the final processor program. The natural convection was modelled using the Boussinesq approach, and the standard k-ε model which is a common numerical solution was picked to model turbulence. A Discrete Ordinates model with no scattering was used for radiative heat transfer. Numerical solution results were compared with different mesh numbers and mesh independence was observed.Radiant panels have been investigated to provide and maintain thermal comfort at different surface set temperatures. In the given set values, temperature distribution in the vertical and horizontal direction, mean radiant temperature and air velocity values in the room were examined. It has been observed that the exergy consumption values in the radiant heating system are close to the lowest values stated in the literature. Also, the temperature distribution in the room is considerably lower than all conventional systems. This demonstrates that radiant systems using low quality energy sources provide efficient, environmentally-friendly comfort solutions. It should be stated that it is a preliminary study for the location-based heating technologies and this method can be an innovative solution for heating / cooling industry. Therefore, it can be further evaluated in future research studies. Bu tez çalışmasında boyutları 4m x 4m x 3m olan bir odanın duvar ve tavan radyant panellerle ısıtması ve ikisinin bir arada olduğu ısıtma konfigurasyonları için deneysel ve sayısal konfor değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır. Bu tezde Fanger [1] tarafından geliştirilen standart termal konfor değerlendirme ölçeği olarak kabul edilen Tahmini Ortalama Konfor Oylaması (PMV- The Predicted Mean Vote) ve Tahmini Memnuniyetsizlik Oranı (PPD- Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfaction) değerleri her bir durum için hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca her senaryo için insan vücudunun ekserji dengesi hesaplanarak, vücudun tükettiği ekserji değerinin konfora olan etkisi araştırılmıştır. Sayısal model, test odasında oluşturulan deneysel veriler ile doğrulanmıştır. Belirlenen senaryolar, PMV-PPD termal konfor indeksi ve insan vücudu ekserji dengesi yaklaşımı kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Sayısal model yardımıyla oda içerisinde farklı durumlar için hava sıcaklık dağılımı ve hava hızı dağılımı incelenmiştir. Sayısal analiz çalışmaları, dünya genelinde yaygın olarak kullanılan bir ticari paket program olan ve arayüzünde farklı modelleme araçları bulunan ANSYS 17.1'in akademik versiyonu kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Odanın geometrisi Design Modeler modülünde tasarlanmıştır. Sonrasında yazılımın Meshing modülünde sonlu hacimler metodu kullanılarak ayrıklaştırma işlemi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bir hesaplamalı akışkanlar dinamiği (HAD) yazılımı olan Fluent yazılımı kullanılarak sayısal çalışmalar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen analizlerin sonuçları, CFD-Post yazılımında detaylı görseller ve hesap fonksiyonları ile birlikte incelenmiştir. Sıcaklık ve hız dağılımı, bu bölümde incelenmiştir. Doğal taşınımda Boussinesq yaklaşımı, türbülansın modellenmesinde standart k-ε modeli ve radyasyonla ısı transferi için Discrete Ordinates modeli saçılma dahil edilmeden kullanılmıştır. Sayısal çözüm sonuçları farklı mesh sayılarında kıyaslamıştır ve mesh bağımsızlığının olduğu gözlenmiştir. Panellerin ayarlanan yüzey sıcaklıklarında termal konforu sağlayıp sağlamadıkları incelenmiştir. Verilen set değerlerinde oda içerisinde düşey ve yatay yöndeki sıcaklık dağılımı, ortalama ışınımsal sıcaklık ve hava hızı değerleri incelenmiştir. Radyant ısıtma sisteminde ekserji tüketim değerlerinin literatürde belirtilen en düşük değerlere yakın olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Bu da radyant sistemlerin düşük kalitede (low-ex) enerji kaynaklarını kullanarak, klasik sistemlere göre daha çevreci ve ekonomik bir iklimlendirme çözümü olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bu tez içerisinde yer alan farklı konumlardan ışınım ile ısıtma yapılması hususu, gelecekte kullanıcıya sunulabilecek yenilikçi bir yöntemdir ve konum bazlı ısıtma-soğutma çözümleri için bir ön çalışma niteliğinde olduğu belirtilmelidir. 153

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ YÖK Açık Bilim - CoH...arrow_drop_down
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Gennady Shkliarevsky (7026353);

    @font-face {font-family:Cambria; panose-1:0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0; mso-font-alt:"Times New Roman"; mso-font-charset:77; mso-generic-font-family:roman; mso-font-format:other; mso-font-pitch:auto; mso-font-signature:3 0 0 0 1 0;}p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin:0in; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:Cambria; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}div.Section1 {page:Section1;} The essay argues that the standard cosmological model is one-sided and incomplete. Its recognition of the primacy of radiant energy has no rational justification and empirical verification and, therefore, is arbitrary and subjective. The subjective and arbitrary choice of this foundational “self-evident truth” renders the entire standard model subjective and arbitrary. Numerous paradoxes and inconsistencies plague the standard model. As a result, from the perspective of the standard cosmological model the universe appears, as some cosmologists argue, “absurd” and many of its parts seem inaccessible to our understanding. The essay attempts to provide a more balanced approach. It argues that the recognition of equal importance of both radiant and non-radiant forms of energy and matter is essential for a comprehensive and objective understanding of how the universe works. The essay also tries to outline the new cosmological model that recognizes the equal importance of both types of energy and matter and of their complementary relationship.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Smithsonian figsharearrow_drop_down
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    Authors: Gennady Shkliarevsky (7026353);

    @font-face {font-family:Cambria; panose-1:0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0; mso-font-alt:"Times New Roman"; mso-font-charset:77; mso-generic-font-family:roman; mso-font-format:other; mso-font-pitch:auto; mso-font-signature:3 0 0 0 1 0;}p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin:0in; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:Cambria; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}div.Section1 {page:Section1;} The essay argues that the standard cosmological model is one-sided and incomplete. Its recognition of the primacy of radiant energy has no rational justification and empirical verification and, therefore, is arbitrary and subjective. The subjective and arbitrary choice of this foundational “self-evident truth” renders the entire standard model subjective and arbitrary. Numerous paradoxes and inconsistencies plague the standard model. As a result, from the perspective of the standard cosmological model the universe appears, as some cosmologists argue, “absurd” and many of its parts seem inaccessible to our understanding. The essay attempts to provide a more balanced approach. It argues that the recognition of equal importance of both radiant and non-radiant forms of energy and matter is essential for a comprehensive and objective understanding of how the universe works. The essay also tries to outline the new cosmological model that recognizes the equal importance of both types of energy and matter and of their complementary relationship.

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  • Authors: Toquero García, Iñaki;

    Trabajo Fin de Grado leído en la Universidad Rey Juan Carlos en el curso académico 2023/2024. Directores/as: Miguel Ángel Reyes Belmonte ; Análisis y diseño de un sistema de climatización por aerotermia para un bloque de oficinas situado en Móstoles, Madrid. Se ha realizado un estudio de cargas térmicas mediante el software CLIMA teniendo en cuenta las características constructivas, condiciones interiores y exteriores de diseño, perfiles de uso, etc. El sistema de distribución que se ha utilizado es suelo radiante con disposición en espiral.

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  • Authors: Toquero García, Iñaki;

    Trabajo Fin de Grado leído en la Universidad Rey Juan Carlos en el curso académico 2023/2024. Directores/as: Miguel Ángel Reyes Belmonte ; Análisis y diseño de un sistema de climatización por aerotermia para un bloque de oficinas situado en Móstoles, Madrid. Se ha realizado un estudio de cargas térmicas mediante el software CLIMA teniendo en cuenta las características constructivas, condiciones interiores y exteriores de diseño, perfiles de uso, etc. El sistema de distribución que se ha utilizado es suelo radiante con disposición en espiral.

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    Authors: Toquero García, Iñaki;

    Trabajo Fin de Grado leído en la Universidad Rey Juan Carlos en el curso académico 2023/2024. Directores/as: Miguel Ángel Reyes Belmonte Análisis y diseño de un sistema de climatización por aerotermia para un bloque de oficinas situado en Móstoles, Madrid. Se ha realizado un estudio de cargas térmicas mediante el software CLIMA teniendo en cuenta las características constructivas, condiciones interiores y exteriores de diseño, perfiles de uso, etc. El sistema de distribución que se ha utilizado es suelo radiante con disposición en espiral.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Recolector de Cienci...arrow_drop_down
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Toquero García, Iñaki;

    Trabajo Fin de Grado leído en la Universidad Rey Juan Carlos en el curso académico 2023/2024. Directores/as: Miguel Ángel Reyes Belmonte Análisis y diseño de un sistema de climatización por aerotermia para un bloque de oficinas situado en Móstoles, Madrid. Se ha realizado un estudio de cargas térmicas mediante el software CLIMA teniendo en cuenta las características constructivas, condiciones interiores y exteriores de diseño, perfiles de uso, etc. El sistema de distribución que se ha utilizado es suelo radiante con disposición en espiral.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Recolector de Cienci...arrow_drop_down
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  • Authors: Florida Solar Energy Center; Fairey, Philip;

    In Florida and other southern climates we depend on a number of strategies to keep heat out of buildings. Mostly, these affect heat gains by conduction or convection. In the average house, insulating walls and ceilings primarily restricts conduction. Double-glazed windows restrict both conductive and convective heat gain. We have largely ignored radiation - the third means of heat transfer - except in using window treatments and coatings that reflect, absorb or shade from solar energy. But research points to exciting potential for reducing heat gain in buildings by controlling radiation transfer in walls and ceilings through the use of radiant barriers.

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  • Authors: Florida Solar Energy Center; Fairey, Philip;

    In Florida and other southern climates we depend on a number of strategies to keep heat out of buildings. Mostly, these affect heat gains by conduction or convection. In the average house, insulating walls and ceilings primarily restricts conduction. Double-glazed windows restrict both conductive and convective heat gain. We have largely ignored radiation - the third means of heat transfer - except in using window treatments and coatings that reflect, absorb or shade from solar energy. But research points to exciting potential for reducing heat gain in buildings by controlling radiation transfer in walls and ceilings through the use of radiant barriers.

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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Halawa, E.; van Hoof, J.; Soebarto, V.;

    Thermal comfort is determined by the combined effect of the six thermal comfort parameters: temperature, air moisture content, thermal radiation, air relative velocity, personal activity and clothing level as formulated by Fanger through his double heat balance equations. In conventional air conditioning systems, air temperature is the parameter that is normally controlled whilst others are assumed to have values within the specified ranges at the design stage. In Fanger’s double heat balance equation, thermal radiation factor appears as the mean radiant temperature (MRT), however, its impact on thermal comfort is often ignored. This paper discusses the impacts of the thermal radiation field which takes the forms of mean radiant temperature and radiation asymmetry on thermal comfort, building energy consumption and air-conditioning control. Several conditions and applications in which the effects of mean radiant temperature and radiation asymmetry cannot be ignored are discussed. Several misinterpretations that arise from the formula relating mean radiant temperature and the operative temperature are highlighted, coupled with a discussion on the lack of reliable and affordable devices that measure this parameter. The usefulness of the concept of the operative temperature as a measure of combined effect of mean radiant and air temperatures on occupant’s thermal comfort is critically questioned, especially in relation to the control strategy based on this derived parameter. Examples of systems which deliver comfort using thermal radiation are presented. Finally, the paper presents various options that need to be considered in the efforts to mitigate the impacts of the thermal radiant field on the occupants’ thermal comfort and building energy consumption.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Renewable and Sustai...arrow_drop_down
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    Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
    Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
      Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Halawa, E.; van Hoof, J.; Soebarto, V.;

    Thermal comfort is determined by the combined effect of the six thermal comfort parameters: temperature, air moisture content, thermal radiation, air relative velocity, personal activity and clothing level as formulated by Fanger through his double heat balance equations. In conventional air conditioning systems, air temperature is the parameter that is normally controlled whilst others are assumed to have values within the specified ranges at the design stage. In Fanger’s double heat balance equation, thermal radiation factor appears as the mean radiant temperature (MRT), however, its impact on thermal comfort is often ignored. This paper discusses the impacts of the thermal radiation field which takes the forms of mean radiant temperature and radiation asymmetry on thermal comfort, building energy consumption and air-conditioning control. Several conditions and applications in which the effects of mean radiant temperature and radiation asymmetry cannot be ignored are discussed. Several misinterpretations that arise from the formula relating mean radiant temperature and the operative temperature are highlighted, coupled with a discussion on the lack of reliable and affordable devices that measure this parameter. The usefulness of the concept of the operative temperature as a measure of combined effect of mean radiant and air temperatures on occupant’s thermal comfort is critically questioned, especially in relation to the control strategy based on this derived parameter. Examples of systems which deliver comfort using thermal radiation are presented. Finally, the paper presents various options that need to be considered in the efforts to mitigate the impacts of the thermal radiant field on the occupants’ thermal comfort and building energy consumption.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Renewable and Sustai...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
    Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Renewable and Sustai...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
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