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Mangrove forests in Indonesia play an important role in mitigating climate changes and providing other ecosystem services; however, their extent continues to decline. Information on mangrove community and its carbon stock, especially for Papua, is still limited. This study was conducted to describe vegetation structure and estimate carbon stock in Payumb Coast in Merauke District, Papua. There were three primary mangrove species identified, namely, Avicennia alba, Rhizophora apiculata and Sonneratia alba. Species dominance varied along a gradient of salinity and substrate perpendicular to the shoreline. A. alba is dominant in the closest zone to the shoreline (importance value 205.76%), while R. apiculata is dominant in the farthest zone (importance value 185,35). At the community level, the carbon stock in trees differed significantly between zones (p<0.05), with the highest in the zone dominated by R. apiculata. This study has provided preliminary data on carbon stock estimation at the community level; further studies should be conducted to estimate total carbon stock based on all above- and belowground components. More accurate estimations become important, as it was found that different species could contain significantly different carbon stock; thus producing variation among mangrove communities.

Mercury, despite of its many uses in industry, is also highly toxic. It is highly neurotoxic, and because of the ability of mercury to penetrate placental barrier, in some countries ban on predatory fish consumption (the main route of mercury into human organism) by pregnant women was introduced. There are very little publications describing the consequences of weather anomalies on contaminants cycles. No research was published concerning the reemission of Hg due to climate change in the Southern Baltic Sea. The study area was situated in the coastal zone of the Gulf of Gdansk - the Southern Baltic. Samples of different species of macrophytobenthos were collected once a month during 2006-2012. Samples of Potamogeton pectinatus, sediments and pore waters were collected once a month from February 2011 to January 2012. The climate changes in the moderate latitudes: extension of the fall season, has contributed to stabilization of high concentrations of mercury in pore waters. Lack of ice cover in the coastal zone and simultaneous occurrence of storms had an impact on supply of the organic matter to the sediments and the increased concentration of Hg. More intense burning of fossil fuels in this season favored the increased metal concentration in the atmosphere and consequently an increase of the atmospheric deposition of metals to the sediments. This led to a fourfold increase of the mercury concentration in sediments as compared to fall season.

Global warming has had an important impact on China’s agricultural production, especially the intensified uneven distribution of water and heat resources and the increased frequency of extreme weather, resulting in a significant increase in the risk of agricultural production. Alleviating a series of negative effects of climate warming on agricultural production has always been the focus of governments and scholars, and it is also the basis of realizing agricultural sustainable development. This paper summarizes the impact of climate warming on China’s agricultural production from five aspects: agricultural planting system and structural layout, agricultural diseases and pests, agricultural management, agricultural ecosystem and agricultural production potential. Based on the above specific impacts, the urgent problems faced by China's agricultural production are pointed out, and the countermeasures to reduce the impact of climate warming are put forward from the aspects of policy, technology, research and cooperation, in order to provide references for other governments to deal with the negative impact of global warming, and promote the sustainable development of agriculture.

The objective of this study is to understand the evolution of the typologies (physicochemical and phytoplankton) in Aglou-Sidi Ifni coastline according to hydrometeorological and climatic hazards. To achieve this objective, monitoring of the phytoplankton community and water physicochemical parameters was conducted at three stations along this coastline and during the winter and fall seasons of two different annual cycles (2014-2016). The first cycle experienced heavy flooding while the second cycle experienced severe drought. This study revealed spatial and temporal variability in phytoplankton composition and the relative abundance of its major groups. Temporal variability may be due to changes in the physicochemical characteristics of water masses as a function of continental inputs and wave intensity, which differ from cycle to cycle and season to another. Whereas the spatial variability would be due to the modification of these physicochemical characteristics from one station to another under the influence of the morphology of the coast in this zone, which curves westwards and carries Cape Aglou at its northern end, thus making the station of Sidi Ifni more exposed to currents than the other two stations which are somewhat sheltered.

Climate change introduced new challenges to vinegrowers in the Mediterranean areas such as the hot and dry winegrowing region of Alentejo, south Portugal. Warmer and drier conditions are harmful for grape yield and berry quality attributes and for vine’s longevity, mainly when optimal thresholds are exceeded. Therefore winegrowers are forced to move from rainfed to irrigated production systems making Alentejo’ wine production strongly based on available water resources for irrigation. This work aims to review and discuss ecophysiological and agronomical data obtained in irrigation trials set up at different terroirs of Alentejo. In the last four decades, classical bioclimatic temperature-based indices showed a significantly positive trend, while the dryness index present a negative trend over time. Furthermore, ecophysiological data collected in deficit irrigation experiments are reviewed and discussed, focusing on the effects of drought and heat stress on vigour, yield and berry composition. Emphasis is given on the indirect effects of leaf senescence on cluster exposure and consequences on berry temperature and composition. In order to promote the sustainability and quality of wine production in these hot and dry terroirs short- to long-term adaptation measures are suggested. The limitations and risks of using deficit irrigation during heat waves are also underlined.

Overexploitation and unsustainable fisheries activities will have an impact on environmental quality degradation. In the 4.0 era, technology can assist in monitoring and managing sustainable fisheries resources. Research on sustainable fisheries management activities guided by the marine ecological carrying capacity (MECC) evaluation index has been carried out. The purpose of this study was to determine changes in fishery activity to MECC as an evaluation material for sustainable development in the fisheries sector in the form of a website. This can provide convenience and effectiveness and can be used as a basis by stakeholders in monitoring and making policies in the sustainable development of the fisheries sector. MECC is composed of two components, namely carrying object (OI) and carrier resilience (RI). OI is obtained from changes in the value of changes in human activity (RI) and socio-economic development (SI). Fishery activities are a component of RI in the Nunukan Regency, Indonesia. The HI value decreased during 2015 - 2019 and affected the decline in the MECC index as a whole. This decrease was caused by the increase in fish catches, the number of fishing households, and boat activity in the waters of the Nunukan Regency. Based on the evaluation of the decline in the value of HI, it can be used as an evaluation material in developing integrated and sustainable development in the fisheries sector by mitigating bycatch by regulating fishing gear and methodologies, as well as establishing protected area management and fishing. To make this happen, it is necessary to build partnerships between public authorities, business, civil society, academia, and the financial sector within the framework of the Penta-helix model.

Observations and model results indicate that climate trends in North Africa show both drying and warming over the past few decades, according to the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) assessment. During the last decades, due to changes in climatic and environmental conditions, water resources available in Morocco are decreasing. They are, moreover, subject to extreme cyclical variations and to soaring water demands because of rapid population growth, improvement of living standards, industrial development and expansion of irrigated agriculture. The pressure on these water resources is accompanied by a growing and increasingly serious degradation of their quality. This is found at the level of average of air temperatures that are continuously growing and at the level of precipitation with an average potential of water in the area with a significant decrease in the last forty years. The purpose of this work is to make a study on the impact of climate change on water resources that exist in the basin of the Oum Er Rbia Central, and to give justifiable results regarding the evolution of climate change over time. From the created database, we brought out diagrams, curves and maps of the evolution of climate change that show the results below: The study of the evolution of rainfall recorded since 1934 and the breaks in time series highlighted two methodologically distinct periods: a wet period with high rainfall (1986 - 1971), a dry season and low rainfall (1970/71 to 2007). Observed climatic trends, calculated over the period of 1935-2007 and reported in the study, indicate the following: On an annual basis, changes in precipitation were not significant and varied from one region to another. On the other hand, spring rainfall declined significantly in the northern part of Morocco at a rate of 0.5 mm / day per decade; That the area experienced an average annual rainfall reduction of 70 mm (20%) over this period compared to 1940-1980. The area is a hydraulic region that is already experiencing a water deficit. The sharp decline in water supplies since 1980-2007 (by 40% compared with 1940- 1980) and the increase in demand and water degradation by different causes; The annual average flows measured at the the central Oum Er Rbia stations were reduced by considerable hydrological deficits ranging between 40.8 and 49.5%. Global warming and rainfall regression are added to the intrinsic conditions of sub basins of the Oum Er Rbia Central (especially waterproofing of land and the lack of groundwater reservoir) to increase its vulnerability to water scarcity. This critical situation requires adapting good management methods of meteorological water as the only source of water in this basin.You should leave 8 mm of space above the abstract and 10 mm after the abstract. The heading Abstract should be typed in bold 9- point Arial. The body of the abstract should be typed in normal 9-point Times in a single paragraph, immediately following the heading. The text should be set to 1 line spacing. The abstract should be centred across the page, indented 17 mm from the left and right page margins and justified. It should not normally exceed 200 words.

This study aimed to examine the factors and the influence of group dynamics and the independence of fishing group members in catch fisheries agribusiness activities. This research was carried out using a survey method in the Rukun Nelayan Blimbing in Paciran District, Lamongan Regency, East Java Province, Indonesia from February to March 2019. The result showed the group dynamics and independence of fishermen in catch fisheries was high, but group dynamics did not influence the independence of fishermen in catching fisheries agribusiness. The factors that influence group dynamics were structuring, coaching and development, atmosphere, effectiveness. The factors affected the independence of the group were the addition of production facilities, prices, market, and fishermen. Those factors are needed to attain the good management in maximum sustainable yield (MSY).