• Energy Research
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The Competition involved actions on two contiguous blocks of housing, one of them with serious structural problems that requiered its demolition and replacement with a new bioclimatic building, The other building was renovated by environmental and accessibility alterations. After the initial study of the study of the climate and environment, the design decisions matched these conditiosn in order to achieve a better environemental sustainability together with other technical, formal and social values. In both blocks, yhe bad orientation of the existing blocks (with façades to the east and west) han been corrected, folding the skin of the building to capture sunligth to the interior in winter and provide protection in the summer, creating a series of “climatisation galleries” with capture windows facing south-east in the living rooms of the houses. These galleries are protected by shading elements on the glass which prevent the greenhouse effect in summer and are protected by exterior blinds that also create shade and chambers that prevent cooling by cold air convection outside in the winter. The exterio woodwork consist of profiles that break the thermal brigde and double glazing with low emissions treatment. In the new block, to improve the summer conditions inside the houses and taking into account that active cooling is needed on a few days of the year when temperatures are high, natual cooling chimneys have been provided. Ther are two types of façade walls, one consisting iof walls with great heat inertia and exterior rendered insulation and the other also within insulation on the exterior layer but with a ventilated chamber finished with prefabricated panels. Together, the buildings achieve a level of insulation an suitability that is about 200% of the requiered by standards. Total accessibility has been provided for all the new and existing houses and low consumtion lifts installed. El Concurso planteaba la actuación sobre dos bloques de viviendas contiguos, uno de ellos con graves problemas estructurales, que obligaron a su demolición, ha sido sustituido por un nuevo edificio bioclimático. El otro edificio ha sido objeto de una rehabilitación para su adecuación medioambiental y de accesibilidad. Tras el estudio previo del clima y del entorno, las decisiones sobre el diseño correspondían a estas condiciones de manera que se logra la mejor adecuación ambiental junto con otros valores técnicos, formales y sociales. En ambos bloques la mala orientación de los bloques existentes (con fachadas al Este y Oeste), ha sido corregida, plegando la piel del edificio para conseguir la captación de radiación solar hacia el interior en invierno y su protección en verano, creando una serie de “galerías de climatización”, con ventanas captoras orientadas a sureste en zonas de estancia de las viviendas. Estas galerías están protegidas por elementos de sombra sobre los vidrios que eliminan el efecto invernadero en verano y quedan protegidas por persianas exteriores que también dan sombra y crean cámaras que evitan el enfriamiento por convención del aire frío exterior en invierno. Las carpinterías exteriores están realizadas con perfiles que consiguen la rotura del puente térmico y acristaladas con vidrio doble de baja emisividad. En el edificio de nueva planta, para mejorar las condiciones de verano en el interior de las viviendas y teniendo en cuenta que haría falta una refrigeración activa unos pocos días al año en los que las temperaturas máximas se elevan, se han previsto unas chimeneas de refrigeración natural. Se han realizado dos tipos de cerramiento de fachada: una, compuesta por muros de gran inercia térmica con aislamiento exterior revocado, y otra, también con el aislamiento en la capa exterior, pero con cámara ventilada acabada con paneles prefabricados. El conjunto de los edificios consigue un nivel de aislamiento y adecuación superior en un 200% al exigible por normativa. Para todas las viviendas nuevas y ya existentes, se ha conseguido accesibilidad total a las mismas, y la dotación de ascensores de bajo consumo.

Abstract Theoretical analysis of the interaction between concentrated solar radiation and a honeycomb matrix or a bed of particles cooled by a gas is presented. The computation and the experimental results show evidence of overheating of the solid near the irradiated surface. To prevent the upper surface from this phenomenon and to reduce the radiative heat losses, we propose to use selective semi-transparent porous absorbers. The first results about coatings on silica are presented.

This paper considers the off-line roadside unit (RSU) ON/OFF scheduling problem in a sparse vehicular ad hoc network (VANET). We formulate the problem as a mixed integer non-linear programming problem and propose a heuristic scheduling algorithm called Multi-Level Greedy (MLG) algorithm to find a suboptimal approximation. In the proposed MLG algorithm, we introduce the concepts of optimal service location and suboptimal service location. Then, we obtain the ON-OFF state matrix of RSUs. Simulation results show that the MLG algorithm can significantly reduce the energy consumption of RSUs deployed and can provide a reference basis for energy efficient scheduling in VANETs.

The proposed special issue (SI) has invited submissions related to renewable energy, energy storage, power converters and electric drive systems for electrified transportation and smart grid applications [...]

The article describes the principles based on which it is possible to obtain energy from renewable sources more efficiently. The principles use the conventional DC-DC interleaved buck converter based on the common electronic component types and the control strategy. A novelty of such a proposed solution lies in the methods which are not new, but with the right combination, better results can be achieved. The resulting method can be implemented into various topologies where the highest efficiency for wide input power is required. In case of the renewable energy sources where the power can vary hugely during the day, the proposed method can be implemented. Therefore, the article provides several steps, from calculation through simulation to experimental results that brings reader close to understanding of a such proposed solution.

Most of the existed works on the radio resource allocation (RRA) problem commonly assume the channel-state information (CSI) can be perfectly obtained by the transmission source. However, such assumption is not practical in the realistic wireless systems. In this work, we consider the practical implementation issues of resource allocation in orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) two-way relay networks: the inaccuracy of channel-state information (CSI) available to the source. Instead, only the estimated channel status is known by the source. In this context, a joint optimization of subcarrier pairing and allocation, relay selection, and transmit power allocation is formulated in OFDMA two-way amplify-and-forward relay networks. Moreover, the objective of this work is to minimize the energy consumption of the overall system. Further, to ensure the quality of service (QoS) or data rate requirement, the energy consumption must be minimized without compromising the QoS. Therefore, by applying convex optimization techniques, energy-efficient algorithms are developed with the objective to minimize the total transmit power with guaranteeing the required data rates. Through simulation studies, energy consumption performance of the systems under the proposed schemes is investigated. It can be observed that our proposed scheme can improve the energy consumption performance of the considered system.

Deployment of photovoltaic (PV) systems has recently been encouraged for large-scale and small-scale businesses in order to meet the global green energy targets. However, one of the most significant hurdles that limits the spread of PV applications is the dust accumulated on the PV panels’ surfaces, especially in desert regions. Numerous studies sought the use of cameras, sensors, power datasets, and other detection elements to detect the dust on PV panels; however, these methods pose more maintenance, accuracy, and economic challenges. Therefore, this paper proposes an intelligent system to detect the dust level on the PV panels to optimally operate the attached dust cleaning units (DCUs). Unlike previous strategies, this study utilizes the expanded knowledge and collected data for solar irradiation and PV-generated power, along with the forecasted ambient temperature. An expert artificial intelligence (AI) computational system, adopted with the MATLAB platform, is utilized for a high level of data prediction and processing. The AI was used in this study in order to estimate the unprovided information, emulate the provided measurements, and accommodate more input/output data. The feasibility of the proposed system is investigated using actual field data during all possible weather conditions.