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With the co-operation of a further 13 institutes and as a continuation of our own epidemiological-statistical survey, we recorded the total and relative distribution (frequency profile) of the blood alcohol concentration of car drivers for the 3rd quarter 1990 and the 1st quarter 1991. The participating institutes recorded almost 27,000 blood samples and compared them with results of the first part of the study (1989). The survey dealt separately with sex-, age- and time of day-distribution of drivers involved and not involved in road accidents. One of our repeatedly presented field research into the problem of "alcohol and road safety", once again, provided to be a useful method in the run-up to the unprejudiced alcohol test which we are striving for. We noticed characteristic changes in the frequency profiles of the old and the new counties (Bundesländer) in Germany in the 1st (1989) and the 2nd (1990/91) report of the study. The results of Police supervisory operations in the administrative district of Cologne have basically given useful indications as to their epidemiological-statistical value as evidence.

Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt einen detailreichen historischen Einblick in die Geschichte und Stellung der Erwachsenenbildung in der Weltgesellschaft – allen voran im Rahmen der Vereinten Nationen und ihrer Sonderorganisationen. Der Autor ist selbst seit vielen Jahrzehnten an der Entwicklung von bedeutsamen internationalen Papieren und Empfehlungen sowie an der Planung und Durchführung von Konferenzen – z.B. der CONFINTEA, der von der UNESCO organisierten Weltkonferenz für Erwachsenenbildung – beteiligt. Aus dieser Perspektive verwebt sich der Rückblick auf fast ein halbes Jahrhundert bewegte (Berufs-)Biografie mit der Entwicklung eines Projekts einer Erwachsenenbildung für die Weltgemeinschaft, die an der Zielvorstellung von Frieden und Menschenrechten ausgerichtet ist. Das alles bestimmende Motiv: der Erwachsenenbildung und dem Lebenslangen Lernen einen angemessenen Platz in den internationalen Erklärungen der Weltgemeinschaft sichern. Der Beitrag schildert Erreichtes und Rückschläge, und am Ende steht: ein unbeirrt positiver Blick in die Zukunft, denn „die nächste CONFINTEA ist just around the corner“. (DIPF/Orig.) This article provides a detailed historical look at the development and position of adult education in global society – above all as part of the United Nations and its agencies. For many decades, the author has participated in the development of important international papers and recommendations as well as the planning and carrying out of conferences – for example CONFINTEA, the International Conferences on Adult Education organized by UNESCO. From this perspective, the review of nearly half a century of eventful (professional) biography is interwoven with the development of a project on adult education for the global community which is oriented towards the goal of peace and human rights. The motif that defines everything: Guaranteeing that there is a suitable place for adult education and lifelong learning in the international declarations of the world community. The article describes achievements and setbacks, and at the end concludes with an unwaveringly positive look into the future, for „the next CONFINTEA is just around the corner“. (DIPF/Orig.)

Während in Asien und den USA der asiatische und insbesondere der chinesische Energiehunger bereits Mitte der 1990er Jahre auf der politischen Tagesordnung der Regierungen sowie vieler Diskussionen und Konferenzen war, blieb die Problematik in Europa fast unbeachtet. Im Glauben an die Allheilkräfte eines sich selbst regulierenden globalen Marktes von Angebot und Nachfrage galt die Analyse der asiatischen Energiemärkte und der chinesischen Energiepolitik als weitgehend entbehrlich. Darüber hinaus wurden mögliche Auswirkungen auf die Außen- und Sicherheitspolitik, das regionale Krisen- und Konfliktmanagement oder die globale Ordnungspolitik fast völlig ignoriert. So ist die Tatsache der rapide steigenden Energienachfrage aus China, Indien und anderen asiatischen Staaten sowie ihre globalen Auswirkungen in Deutschland bis Mitte 2004 kaum zur Kenntnis genommen worden. China aktuell, China aktuell - 1/2007

A retrospective study was undertaken to determine whether the degree of alcohol intoxication has an effect on the driving performance with regards to both the quantity and quality. A total of 625 accidents caused by drivers who were under the influence of alcohol were reviewed. They were divided into three groups according to the blood alcohol concentration (BAC):0.30 - 1.09 g/kg, 1.10 - 1.99 g/kg and > 2.00 g/kg. In order to exclude the influence of factors unrelated to alcohol, the groups were matched for age, sex, location of accident and the light and road conditions. This resulted in a total of 85 accidents in each group. The accidents were classified with reference to the "Register of causes of accidents" used in road accident statistics. The three groups differed significantly in their causes of accidents (p < 0.025), although those due to speeding dominated in each group. In the group with low BAC, the next most common accidents were the ones caused by failure to give way. In the group with medium BAC, rear-end collisions and accidents occurring during low speed manoeuvres were the second most common. In the group with highest BAC, the next most common causes of accidents were the leaving of the correct traffic lane unassociated with speeding.

In 2011 the German Advisory Council for Global Change (WBGU) published a remarkable policy document entitled ‘World in Transition: A Social Contract for Sustainability’ in which the authors proclaim the need for a great social transformation at the global scale in order to address climate change. This article builds on and critically discusses the central messages of the report that emphasizes the necessity to pro-actively shape the change of our values and worldviews that underpin our lifestyles and consumption patterns. By arguing for a transdisciplinary approach to implement this challenging vision the report identifies urbanization as a significant dimension in these processes thus shifting away from the dominant focus on socio-technical solutions. This puts the field of urban planning and development and related disciplines at the centre of the climate change adaptation and mitigation debate raising profound questions as to how these professionals, academics and practitioners could respond to the ideas brought forward in the report. The author considers this an opportunity for hitherto largely neglected integral approaches to gain more importance in mainstream urban planning practice and theory. The concluding part sketches out an initial research programme based on the previous discussion in order to illustrate at a more concrete level the implications of an integrative, transdisciplinary framework for planning.

Zusammenfassung Die Akzeptanz von Maßnahmen oder Planungen im Rahmen der Energiewende hängt von vier wesentlichen Faktoren ab: der Einsicht in die Notwendigkeit, der positiven Nutzen-Risiko-Bilanz, der Sicherstellung von Selbstwirksamkeit und dem Potenzial an emotionaler Identifikation mit dem Vorhaben. Nicht alle vier Bedingungen müssen vollständig erfüllt sein, aber nur wenn die betroffenen Menschen den Eindruck haben, dass alle vier in ausreichendem Maße gegeben sind, kann man mit Zustimmung oder zumindest Toleranz rechnen. Energiepolitik ist daher angewiesen, durch entsprechende Politikgestaltung, durch adressatenbezogene Kommunikation und vor allem durch mehr Chancen zur aktiven Mitwirkung der Bürgerschaft an öffentlichen Planungen die Voraussetzungen für Akzeptanz zu verbessern. Vor allem wenn ergebnisoffene Beteiligungsverfahren frühzeitig und fair durchgeführt werden, kann man mit einem höheren Maß an Zustimmung zu Maßnahmen der Energiewende rechnen. Abstract The acceptance of plans and measures concerning the energy transition depends on four important factors: the understanding of its necessity, a positive balance of risks and benefits, the guarantee of self-efficacy, and the potentials of emotional identification with the project. It is not necessary that all four conditions are fulfilled completely, but only the impression of adequate realization will obtain approval or at least toleration. To improve the conditions for acceptance, energy politics must therefore formulate its policies accordingly, communicate in an audience-related manner, and in particular offer better opportunities for civil participation in public planning. Plans and measures for the energy transition will meet with greater approval if processes of participation are initiated early and in a fair manner. Jahrbuch für Christliche Sozialwissenschaften, Vol 56 (2015): Ethische Herausforderungen der Energiewende