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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal , Conference object , Preprint 2014 FrancePublisher:Elsevier BV Funded by:ANR | MUSCADEANR| MUSCADEMasson, Valéry; Marchadier, Colette; Adolphe, Luc; Aguejdad, Rahim; Avner, P.; Bonhomme, Marc; Bretagne, Geneviève; Briottet, X.; Bueno, Bruno; de Munck, Cécile; Doukari, O.; Hallegatte, Stéphane; Hidalgo, Julia; Houet, Thomas; Bras, J. Le; Lemonsu, Aude; Long, Nathalie; Moine, M.-P.; Morel, T.; Nolorgues, L.; Pigeon, Grégoire; Salagnac, J.-L.; Viguié, V.; Zibouche, K.;AbstractSocieties have to both reduce their greenhouse gas emissions and undertake adaptation measures to limit the negative impacts of global warming on the population, the economy and the environment. Examining how best to adapt cities is especially challenging as urban areas will evolve as the climate changes. Thus, examining adaptation strategies for cities requires a strong interdisciplinary approach involving urban planners, architects, meteorologists, building engineers, economists, and social scientists. Here we introduce a systemic modelling approach to the problem.Our four-step methodology consists of: first, defining interdisciplinary scenarios; second, simulating the long-term evolution of cities on the basis of socio-economic and land-use models; third, calculating impacts with physical models (such as TEB), and; finally, calculating the indicators that quantify the effect of different adaptation policies. In the examples presented here, urban planning strategies are shown to have unexpected influence on city expansion in the long term. Moreover, the Urban Heat Island should be taken into account in operational estimations of building energy demands. Citizens’ practices seem to be an efficient lever for reducing energy consumption in buildings.Interdisciplinary systemic modelling appears well suited to the evaluation of several adaptation strategies for a very broad range of topics.
Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down Archive Ouverte de l'Université Rennes (HAL)Article . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Université Toulouse 2 - Jean Jaurès: HALArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Normandie Université: HALArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Université de Bretagne Occidentale: HALArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTESArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)CIRAD: HAL (Agricultural Research for Development)Article . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSUArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)HAL-Ecole des Ponts ParisTechConference object . 2015License: CC BY NC NDData sources: HAL-Ecole des Ponts ParisTechINRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverConference object . 2015Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverINRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverArticle . 2014Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverHyper Article en Ligne - Sciences de l'Homme et de la SociétéConference object . 2015License: CC BY NC NDMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationConference object . 2015Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique: ProdINRAArticle . 2014Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen hybrid 160 citations 160 popularity Top 1% influence Top 10% impulse Top 1% Powered by BIP!
more_vert Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down Archive Ouverte de l'Université Rennes (HAL)Article . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Université Toulouse 2 - Jean Jaurès: HALArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Normandie Université: HALArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Université de Bretagne Occidentale: HALArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTESArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)CIRAD: HAL (Agricultural Research for Development)Article . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSUArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)HAL-Ecole des Ponts ParisTechConference object . 2015License: CC BY NC NDData sources: HAL-Ecole des Ponts ParisTechINRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverConference object . 2015Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverINRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverArticle . 2014Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverHyper Article en Ligne - Sciences de l'Homme et de la SociétéConference object . 2015License: CC BY NC NDMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationConference object . 2015Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique: ProdINRAArticle . 2014Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal , Conference object , Preprint 2014 FrancePublisher:Elsevier BV Funded by:ANR | MUSCADEANR| MUSCADEMasson, Valéry; Marchadier, Colette; Adolphe, Luc; Aguejdad, Rahim; Avner, P.; Bonhomme, Marc; Bretagne, Geneviève; Briottet, X.; Bueno, Bruno; de Munck, Cécile; Doukari, O.; Hallegatte, Stéphane; Hidalgo, Julia; Houet, Thomas; Bras, J. Le; Lemonsu, Aude; Long, Nathalie; Moine, M.-P.; Morel, T.; Nolorgues, L.; Pigeon, Grégoire; Salagnac, J.-L.; Viguié, V.; Zibouche, K.;AbstractSocieties have to both reduce their greenhouse gas emissions and undertake adaptation measures to limit the negative impacts of global warming on the population, the economy and the environment. Examining how best to adapt cities is especially challenging as urban areas will evolve as the climate changes. Thus, examining adaptation strategies for cities requires a strong interdisciplinary approach involving urban planners, architects, meteorologists, building engineers, economists, and social scientists. Here we introduce a systemic modelling approach to the problem.Our four-step methodology consists of: first, defining interdisciplinary scenarios; second, simulating the long-term evolution of cities on the basis of socio-economic and land-use models; third, calculating impacts with physical models (such as TEB), and; finally, calculating the indicators that quantify the effect of different adaptation policies. In the examples presented here, urban planning strategies are shown to have unexpected influence on city expansion in the long term. Moreover, the Urban Heat Island should be taken into account in operational estimations of building energy demands. Citizens’ practices seem to be an efficient lever for reducing energy consumption in buildings.Interdisciplinary systemic modelling appears well suited to the evaluation of several adaptation strategies for a very broad range of topics.
Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down Archive Ouverte de l'Université Rennes (HAL)Article . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Université Toulouse 2 - Jean Jaurès: HALArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Normandie Université: HALArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Université de Bretagne Occidentale: HALArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTESArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)CIRAD: HAL (Agricultural Research for Development)Article . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSUArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)HAL-Ecole des Ponts ParisTechConference object . 2015License: CC BY NC NDData sources: HAL-Ecole des Ponts ParisTechINRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverConference object . 2015Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverINRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverArticle . 2014Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverHyper Article en Ligne - Sciences de l'Homme et de la SociétéConference object . 2015License: CC BY NC NDMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationConference object . 2015Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique: ProdINRAArticle . 2014Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen hybrid 160 citations 160 popularity Top 1% influence Top 10% impulse Top 1% Powered by BIP!
more_vert Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down Archive Ouverte de l'Université Rennes (HAL)Article . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Université Toulouse 2 - Jean Jaurès: HALArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Normandie Université: HALArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Université de Bretagne Occidentale: HALArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTESArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)CIRAD: HAL (Agricultural Research for Development)Article . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSUArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)HAL-Ecole des Ponts ParisTechConference object . 2015License: CC BY NC NDData sources: HAL-Ecole des Ponts ParisTechINRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverConference object . 2015Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverINRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverArticle . 2014Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverHyper Article en Ligne - Sciences de l'Homme et de la SociétéConference object . 2015License: CC BY NC NDMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationConference object . 2015Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique: ProdINRAArticle . 2014Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.uclim.2014.03.004&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2013 FranceAuthors: de Munck, Cécile;Les projections climatiques prévoient une amplification du réchauffement climatique, potentiellement exacerbée en milieu urbain du fait du phénomène d’îlot de chaleur urbain. La recrudescence d’évènements extrêmes comme les canicules peut avoir des conséquences écologiques, sanitaires, et économiques dramatiques à l’échelle des villes qui concentrent la population. Parmi les mesures d’adaptation visant à améliorer le confort climatique et la demande énergétique, la climatisation et le verdissement urbain constituent deux leviers d’action aux effets parfois antagonistes. Ce travail de thèse – mené dans le cadre des trois projets de recherche CLIM2, MUSCADE et VegDUD, propose d’évaluer ces effets par des simulations du climat urbain à l’échelle de l’agglomération parisienne. La modélisation repose en particulier sur le modèle de canopée urbaine TEB qui permet de simuler les échanges de chaleur, d’eau et de quantité de mouvement entre les surfaces urbaines et l’atmosphère, et depuis peu l’énergétique des bâtiments et des indices de confort thermique dans les bâtiments et dans les rues. Afin d’améliorer la prise en compte de la végétation urbaine dans TEB, un modèle de toitures végétalisées extensives a tout d’abord été développé et évalué. Différentes pratiques d’arrosage de la végétation urbaine au sol ou sur les toits ont également été paramétrées. Les scénarios d’adaptation de la ville de Paris par la climatisation, évalués dans le cadre de CLIM2 pour la canicule 2003 par des simulations couplées de TEB avec un modèle atmosphérique, ont mis en évidence que toutes les formes de climatisation qui rejettent de la chaleur dans l’atmosphère (sèche ou humide) génèrent une augmentation de la température des rues au niveau des piétons. Ce réchauffement, proportionnel à la puissance des rejets de chaleur sensible dans l’atmosphère, est en moyenne de 0.5 à 2°C, selon le niveau de déploiement de la climatisation. Différentes stratégies de verdissement ont ensuite été mises en œuvre et évaluées toujours sur Paris, en faisant varier soit la végétation au sol (plusieurs taux et types de végétation testés), soit celle en toiture (avec ou sans arrosage), soit les deux. Ces simulations, réalisées dans la configuration générale du projet MUSCADE, i.e. en mode forcé avec une version de TEB disposant d’un générateur dynamique d’îlot de chaleur urbain, ont montré que l’augmentation de la couverture végétale au sol a un pouvoir rafraîchissant plus efficace que les toitures végétalisées, et ce d’autant plus que le taux de verdissement et que la proportion d’arbres sont importants. Les toitures végétalisées quant à elles constituent le moyen le plus efficace de réduire la consommation d’énergie, non seulement estivale mais aussi à l’échelle annuelle, essentiellement grâce à leur pouvoir isolant. Climate projections predict an amplification of global warming, potentially exacerbated in urban areas by the urban heat island effect. More frequent extreme events such as heat waves may have severe public health, ecological, and economic consequences as cities concentrate population. Among the measures aiming at improving thermal comfort or energy demand, air conditioning and urban greening are measures that may have antagonistic effects. This PhD work is undertaken within the framework of three research projects, CLIM2, MUSCADE and VegDUD. Its objective is to evaluate the respective effects of air conditioning and urban greening based on urban climate simulations across the Paris area. The modelling relies on the Town Energy Balance (TEB) model, which simulates the exchange of heat, water and momentum between the urban surface and the atmosphere. It has been recently improved to simulate building energetics, as well as indoor and outdoor thermal comfort indices. To improve the description of urban vegetation within TEB, a green roof model has been developed and evaluated. In addition, watering practices have been implemented to model the watering of urban vegetation at ground or roof level. Within CLIM2, the air conditioning scenarios tested for adapting Paris city to the extreme temperatures of the 2003 heatwave have been evaluated based on simulations using TEB coupled with an atmospheric model. Results shows that all forms of conditioning that release waste heat (dry or wet) into the atmosphere generate a temperature increase in the streets. This warming is proportional to the power of the sensible heat releases in the atmosphere and is on average 0.5 to 2_C, depending on the level of deployment of the air conditioning. Then, the greening of Paris city has been evaluated based on simulations carried out with the general configuration of the MUSCADE project, i.e. with climate forcings and a dynamic urban heat island generator. The scenarios tested consisted in an increase in ground-base vegetation or an implementation of green roofs on compatible buildings, or the two combined, with the option of watering green roofs or not in summer. Results show that increasing the ground cover has a stronger cooling effect than implementing green roofs, and even more so when the greening rate and the proportion of trees are important. The green roofs are however the most effective way to reduce energy consumption, not only in summer but also on an annual basis, mainly due to their insulating properties.
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You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2013 FranceAuthors: de Munck, Cécile;Les projections climatiques prévoient une amplification du réchauffement climatique, potentiellement exacerbée en milieu urbain du fait du phénomène d’îlot de chaleur urbain. La recrudescence d’évènements extrêmes comme les canicules peut avoir des conséquences écologiques, sanitaires, et économiques dramatiques à l’échelle des villes qui concentrent la population. Parmi les mesures d’adaptation visant à améliorer le confort climatique et la demande énergétique, la climatisation et le verdissement urbain constituent deux leviers d’action aux effets parfois antagonistes. Ce travail de thèse – mené dans le cadre des trois projets de recherche CLIM2, MUSCADE et VegDUD, propose d’évaluer ces effets par des simulations du climat urbain à l’échelle de l’agglomération parisienne. La modélisation repose en particulier sur le modèle de canopée urbaine TEB qui permet de simuler les échanges de chaleur, d’eau et de quantité de mouvement entre les surfaces urbaines et l’atmosphère, et depuis peu l’énergétique des bâtiments et des indices de confort thermique dans les bâtiments et dans les rues. Afin d’améliorer la prise en compte de la végétation urbaine dans TEB, un modèle de toitures végétalisées extensives a tout d’abord été développé et évalué. Différentes pratiques d’arrosage de la végétation urbaine au sol ou sur les toits ont également été paramétrées. Les scénarios d’adaptation de la ville de Paris par la climatisation, évalués dans le cadre de CLIM2 pour la canicule 2003 par des simulations couplées de TEB avec un modèle atmosphérique, ont mis en évidence que toutes les formes de climatisation qui rejettent de la chaleur dans l’atmosphère (sèche ou humide) génèrent une augmentation de la température des rues au niveau des piétons. Ce réchauffement, proportionnel à la puissance des rejets de chaleur sensible dans l’atmosphère, est en moyenne de 0.5 à 2°C, selon le niveau de déploiement de la climatisation. Différentes stratégies de verdissement ont ensuite été mises en œuvre et évaluées toujours sur Paris, en faisant varier soit la végétation au sol (plusieurs taux et types de végétation testés), soit celle en toiture (avec ou sans arrosage), soit les deux. Ces simulations, réalisées dans la configuration générale du projet MUSCADE, i.e. en mode forcé avec une version de TEB disposant d’un générateur dynamique d’îlot de chaleur urbain, ont montré que l’augmentation de la couverture végétale au sol a un pouvoir rafraîchissant plus efficace que les toitures végétalisées, et ce d’autant plus que le taux de verdissement et que la proportion d’arbres sont importants. Les toitures végétalisées quant à elles constituent le moyen le plus efficace de réduire la consommation d’énergie, non seulement estivale mais aussi à l’échelle annuelle, essentiellement grâce à leur pouvoir isolant. Climate projections predict an amplification of global warming, potentially exacerbated in urban areas by the urban heat island effect. More frequent extreme events such as heat waves may have severe public health, ecological, and economic consequences as cities concentrate population. Among the measures aiming at improving thermal comfort or energy demand, air conditioning and urban greening are measures that may have antagonistic effects. This PhD work is undertaken within the framework of three research projects, CLIM2, MUSCADE and VegDUD. Its objective is to evaluate the respective effects of air conditioning and urban greening based on urban climate simulations across the Paris area. The modelling relies on the Town Energy Balance (TEB) model, which simulates the exchange of heat, water and momentum between the urban surface and the atmosphere. It has been recently improved to simulate building energetics, as well as indoor and outdoor thermal comfort indices. To improve the description of urban vegetation within TEB, a green roof model has been developed and evaluated. In addition, watering practices have been implemented to model the watering of urban vegetation at ground or roof level. Within CLIM2, the air conditioning scenarios tested for adapting Paris city to the extreme temperatures of the 2003 heatwave have been evaluated based on simulations using TEB coupled with an atmospheric model. Results shows that all forms of conditioning that release waste heat (dry or wet) into the atmosphere generate a temperature increase in the streets. This warming is proportional to the power of the sensible heat releases in the atmosphere and is on average 0.5 to 2_C, depending on the level of deployment of the air conditioning. Then, the greening of Paris city has been evaluated based on simulations carried out with the general configuration of the MUSCADE project, i.e. with climate forcings and a dynamic urban heat island generator. The scenarios tested consisted in an increase in ground-base vegetation or an implementation of green roofs on compatible buildings, or the two combined, with the option of watering green roofs or not in summer. Results show that increasing the ground cover has a stronger cooling effect than implementing green roofs, and even more so when the greening rate and the proportion of trees are important. The green roofs are however the most effective way to reduce energy consumption, not only in summer but also on an annual basis, mainly due to their insulating properties.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 2012 FrancePublisher:Elsevier BV Tremeac, Brice; Bousquet, Pierre; de Munck, Cécile; Pigeon, Gregoire; Masson, Valéry; Marchadier, Colette; Merchat, Michele; Poeuf, Pierre; Meunier, Francis;Projections of future climate suggest increases in extreme temperatures particularly in mid latitudes. In addition, the effect of heat waves, which are becoming a major “summer killer”, is exacerbated in urban areas owing to the heat island effect. Air conditioning (A/C) is a key parameter for health problems in case of heat waves since, on one hand, it reduces mortality but, on the other hand, depending on the heat management, it can increase street temperature therefore increasing the air cooling demand. Results of a meso-scale meteorological model (MESO-NH), coupled to an urban energy balance model including a simplified building model (TEB), are used. Simulations based on a realistic spatial cartography of air-cooled chillers and cooling towers in the city of Paris and surroundings have been performed. The simulation period corresponds to the extreme heat wave in Paris: 9–13 August 2003. Five scenarios will be discussed: firstly a baseline without air-conditioning (NO-AC scenario); secondly the actual situation including individual air dry coolers, wet cooling towers and an urban cooling network relying on free-cooling (water-cooled A/C with the river Seine) (REAL scenario). A third scenario will assume that all the heat is rejected as sensible heat in the atmosphere (DRY AC scenario). Two other scenarios correspond to a prospective where A/C is doubled. Scenario 4 assumes that all the heat is rejected as sensible heat in the atmosphere (DRY ACx2 scenario). On the opposite, scenario 5 assumes that all the heat is rejected underground or in the river Seine (NOREJ scenario). Results show that A/C affects the UHI depending on its management. A detailed analysis on selected districts shows that the local temperature variation resulting from heat island is proportional to the sensible heat rejected locally by A/C, indicating that a clever A/C management is all the more important to provide comfort and to mitigate heat island. Moreover, the incidence of the sky view factor is also discussed.
INRIA a CCSD electro... arrow_drop_down INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverArticle . 2012Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverInstitut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSUArticle . 2012Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu63 citations 63 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert INRIA a CCSD electro... arrow_drop_down INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverArticle . 2012Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverInstitut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSUArticle . 2012Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 2012 FrancePublisher:Elsevier BV Tremeac, Brice; Bousquet, Pierre; de Munck, Cécile; Pigeon, Gregoire; Masson, Valéry; Marchadier, Colette; Merchat, Michele; Poeuf, Pierre; Meunier, Francis;Projections of future climate suggest increases in extreme temperatures particularly in mid latitudes. In addition, the effect of heat waves, which are becoming a major “summer killer”, is exacerbated in urban areas owing to the heat island effect. Air conditioning (A/C) is a key parameter for health problems in case of heat waves since, on one hand, it reduces mortality but, on the other hand, depending on the heat management, it can increase street temperature therefore increasing the air cooling demand. Results of a meso-scale meteorological model (MESO-NH), coupled to an urban energy balance model including a simplified building model (TEB), are used. Simulations based on a realistic spatial cartography of air-cooled chillers and cooling towers in the city of Paris and surroundings have been performed. The simulation period corresponds to the extreme heat wave in Paris: 9–13 August 2003. Five scenarios will be discussed: firstly a baseline without air-conditioning (NO-AC scenario); secondly the actual situation including individual air dry coolers, wet cooling towers and an urban cooling network relying on free-cooling (water-cooled A/C with the river Seine) (REAL scenario). A third scenario will assume that all the heat is rejected as sensible heat in the atmosphere (DRY AC scenario). Two other scenarios correspond to a prospective where A/C is doubled. Scenario 4 assumes that all the heat is rejected as sensible heat in the atmosphere (DRY ACx2 scenario). On the opposite, scenario 5 assumes that all the heat is rejected underground or in the river Seine (NOREJ scenario). Results show that A/C affects the UHI depending on its management. A detailed analysis on selected districts shows that the local temperature variation resulting from heat island is proportional to the sensible heat rejected locally by A/C, indicating that a clever A/C management is all the more important to provide comfort and to mitigate heat island. Moreover, the incidence of the sky view factor is also discussed.
INRIA a CCSD electro... arrow_drop_down INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverArticle . 2012Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverInstitut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSUArticle . 2012Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu63 citations 63 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert INRIA a CCSD electro... arrow_drop_down INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverArticle . 2012Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverInstitut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSUArticle . 2012Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2022 FrancePublisher:OpenEdition Mhedhbi, Zohra; Hidalgo, Julia; de Munck, Cécile; Haouès-Jouve, Sinda; Touati, Najla; Masson, Valéry;handle: 20.500.13089/f2m9
Urban microclimate studies could help manage heatwave crises and improve climate friendly urban planning. This paper presents adjustments to tools and approaches, in particular the Urban Climate Maps framework, typically produced in industrialized countries for contexts relevant to developing countries, where accurate urban data are often not available. In this study, relevant urban, architectural and land use data were collected and constructed to enable numerical simulations of a heat wave episode in the Greater Metropolitan area of Tunis. The simulation results indicate that the diurnal heat stress reached very high values corresponding to an extreme heat stress level, according to the Urban Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) scale, by 9 a.m. local time. The highest sea-breeze speeds were over the sea (∼8 m s−1). However, the effect of the sea breeze was low over densely urbanized areas (
Cybergeo arrow_drop_down add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert Cybergeo arrow_drop_down add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2022 FrancePublisher:OpenEdition Mhedhbi, Zohra; Hidalgo, Julia; de Munck, Cécile; Haouès-Jouve, Sinda; Touati, Najla; Masson, Valéry;handle: 20.500.13089/f2m9
Urban microclimate studies could help manage heatwave crises and improve climate friendly urban planning. This paper presents adjustments to tools and approaches, in particular the Urban Climate Maps framework, typically produced in industrialized countries for contexts relevant to developing countries, where accurate urban data are often not available. In this study, relevant urban, architectural and land use data were collected and constructed to enable numerical simulations of a heat wave episode in the Greater Metropolitan area of Tunis. The simulation results indicate that the diurnal heat stress reached very high values corresponding to an extreme heat stress level, according to the Urban Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) scale, by 9 a.m. local time. The highest sea-breeze speeds were over the sea (∼8 m s−1). However, the effect of the sea breeze was low over densely urbanized areas (
Cybergeo arrow_drop_down add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.4000/cybergeo.39297&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert Cybergeo arrow_drop_down add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2023 France, France, Netherlands, Switzerland, Australia, United Kingdom, United KingdomPublisher:Wiley Funded by:ARC | ARC Centres of Excellence..., UKRI | Ghosts from summers past:..., NHMRC | A vision of healthy urban... +7 projectsARC| ARC Centres of Excellences - Grant ID: CE170100023 ,UKRI| Ghosts from summers past: quantifying the role of vegetation legacy to climatic extremes ,NHMRC| A vision of healthy urban design for NCD prevention ,NWO| The windy city ,NSF| The Management and Operation of the National Center for Atmoshperic Research (NCAR) ,DFG ,EC| urbisphere ,NSF| Meteorological Islands: How the Atmosphere Interacts with Large Individual Patches of Heterogeneity ,UKRI| Building Resilient Cities for Heat Waves ,UKRI| Building Resilient Cities for Heat WavesLipson, Mathew; Grimmond, Sue; Best, Martin; Abramowitz, Gab; Coutts, Andrew; Tapper, Nigel; Baik, Jong‐jin; Beyers, Meiring; Blunn, Lewis; Boussetta, Souhail; Bou-Zeid, Elie; de Kauwe, Martin; de Munck, Cécile; Demuzere, Matthias; Fatichi, Simone; Fortuniak, Krzysztof; Han, Beom‐soon; Hendry, Margaret; Kikegawa, Yukihiro; Kondo, Hiroaki; Lee, Doo‐il; Lee, Sang‐hyun; Lemonsu, Aude; Machado, Tiago; Manoli, Gabriele; Martilli, Alberto; Masson, Valéry; Mcnorton, Joe; Meili, Naika; Meyer, David; Nice, Kerry; Oleson, Keith; Park, Seung‐bu; Roth, Michael; Schoetter, Robert; Simón-Moral, Andrés; Steeneveld, Gert‐jan; Sun, Ting; Takane, Yuya; Thatcher, Marcus; Tsiringakis, Aristofanis; Varentsov, Mikhail; Wang, Chenghao; Wang, Zhi‐hua; Pitman, Andy;doi: 10.1002/qj.4589
AbstractAccurately predicting weather and climate in cities is critical for safeguarding human health and strengthening urban resilience. Multimodel evaluations can lead to model improvements; however, there have been no major intercomparisons of urban‐focussed land surface models in over a decade. Here, in Phase 1 of the Urban‐PLUMBER project, we evaluate the ability of 30 land surface models to simulate surface energy fluxes critical to atmospheric meteorological and air quality simulations. We establish minimum and upper performance expectations for participating models using simple information‐limited models as benchmarks. Compared with the last major model intercomparison at the same site, we find broad improvement in the current cohort's predictions of short‐wave radiation, sensible and latent heat fluxes, but little or no improvement in long‐wave radiation and momentum fluxes. Models with a simple urban representation (e.g., ‘slab’ schemes) generally perform well, particularly when combined with sophisticated hydrological/vegetation models. Some mid‐complexity models (e.g., ‘canyon’ schemes) also perform well, indicating efforts to integrate vegetation and hydrology processes have paid dividends. The most complex models that resolve three‐dimensional interactions between buildings in general did not perform as well as other categories. However, these models also tended to have the simplest representations of hydrology and vegetation. Models without any urban representation (i.e., vegetation‐only land surface models) performed poorly for latent heat fluxes, and reasonably for other energy fluxes at this suburban site. Our analysis identified widespread human errors in initial submissions that substantially affected model performances. Although significant efforts are applied to correct these errors, we conclude that human factors are likely to influence results in this (or any) model intercomparison, particularly where participating scientists have varying experience and first languages. These initial results are for one suburban site, and future phases of Urban‐PLUMBER will evaluate models across 20 sites in different urban and regional climate zones.
Quarterly Journal of... arrow_drop_down The University of Melbourne: Digital RepositoryArticle . 2024License: CC BYFull-Text: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/338314Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological SocietyArticle . 2023 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYData sources: CrossrefWageningen Staff PublicationsArticle . 2024License: CC BYData sources: Wageningen Staff PublicationsUniversity of Bristol: Bristol ResearchArticle . 2023Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological SocietyArticle . 2024 . Peer-reviewedData sources: European Union Open Data PortalInstitut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSUArticle . 2023Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen hybrid 35 citations 35 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 1% Powered by BIP!
more_vert Quarterly Journal of... arrow_drop_down The University of Melbourne: Digital RepositoryArticle . 2024License: CC BYFull-Text: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/338314Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological SocietyArticle . 2023 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYData sources: CrossrefWageningen Staff PublicationsArticle . 2024License: CC BYData sources: Wageningen Staff PublicationsUniversity of Bristol: Bristol ResearchArticle . 2023Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological SocietyArticle . 2024 . Peer-reviewedData sources: European Union Open Data PortalInstitut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSUArticle . 2023Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1002/qj.4589&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2023 France, France, Netherlands, Switzerland, Australia, United Kingdom, United KingdomPublisher:Wiley Funded by:ARC | ARC Centres of Excellence..., UKRI | Ghosts from summers past:..., NHMRC | A vision of healthy urban... +7 projectsARC| ARC Centres of Excellences - Grant ID: CE170100023 ,UKRI| Ghosts from summers past: quantifying the role of vegetation legacy to climatic extremes ,NHMRC| A vision of healthy urban design for NCD prevention ,NWO| The windy city ,NSF| The Management and Operation of the National Center for Atmoshperic Research (NCAR) ,DFG ,EC| urbisphere ,NSF| Meteorological Islands: How the Atmosphere Interacts with Large Individual Patches of Heterogeneity ,UKRI| Building Resilient Cities for Heat Waves ,UKRI| Building Resilient Cities for Heat WavesLipson, Mathew; Grimmond, Sue; Best, Martin; Abramowitz, Gab; Coutts, Andrew; Tapper, Nigel; Baik, Jong‐jin; Beyers, Meiring; Blunn, Lewis; Boussetta, Souhail; Bou-Zeid, Elie; de Kauwe, Martin; de Munck, Cécile; Demuzere, Matthias; Fatichi, Simone; Fortuniak, Krzysztof; Han, Beom‐soon; Hendry, Margaret; Kikegawa, Yukihiro; Kondo, Hiroaki; Lee, Doo‐il; Lee, Sang‐hyun; Lemonsu, Aude; Machado, Tiago; Manoli, Gabriele; Martilli, Alberto; Masson, Valéry; Mcnorton, Joe; Meili, Naika; Meyer, David; Nice, Kerry; Oleson, Keith; Park, Seung‐bu; Roth, Michael; Schoetter, Robert; Simón-Moral, Andrés; Steeneveld, Gert‐jan; Sun, Ting; Takane, Yuya; Thatcher, Marcus; Tsiringakis, Aristofanis; Varentsov, Mikhail; Wang, Chenghao; Wang, Zhi‐hua; Pitman, Andy;doi: 10.1002/qj.4589
AbstractAccurately predicting weather and climate in cities is critical for safeguarding human health and strengthening urban resilience. Multimodel evaluations can lead to model improvements; however, there have been no major intercomparisons of urban‐focussed land surface models in over a decade. Here, in Phase 1 of the Urban‐PLUMBER project, we evaluate the ability of 30 land surface models to simulate surface energy fluxes critical to atmospheric meteorological and air quality simulations. We establish minimum and upper performance expectations for participating models using simple information‐limited models as benchmarks. Compared with the last major model intercomparison at the same site, we find broad improvement in the current cohort's predictions of short‐wave radiation, sensible and latent heat fluxes, but little or no improvement in long‐wave radiation and momentum fluxes. Models with a simple urban representation (e.g., ‘slab’ schemes) generally perform well, particularly when combined with sophisticated hydrological/vegetation models. Some mid‐complexity models (e.g., ‘canyon’ schemes) also perform well, indicating efforts to integrate vegetation and hydrology processes have paid dividends. The most complex models that resolve three‐dimensional interactions between buildings in general did not perform as well as other categories. However, these models also tended to have the simplest representations of hydrology and vegetation. Models without any urban representation (i.e., vegetation‐only land surface models) performed poorly for latent heat fluxes, and reasonably for other energy fluxes at this suburban site. Our analysis identified widespread human errors in initial submissions that substantially affected model performances. Although significant efforts are applied to correct these errors, we conclude that human factors are likely to influence results in this (or any) model intercomparison, particularly where participating scientists have varying experience and first languages. These initial results are for one suburban site, and future phases of Urban‐PLUMBER will evaluate models across 20 sites in different urban and regional climate zones.
Quarterly Journal of... arrow_drop_down The University of Melbourne: Digital RepositoryArticle . 2024License: CC BYFull-Text: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/338314Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological SocietyArticle . 2023 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYData sources: CrossrefWageningen Staff PublicationsArticle . 2024License: CC BYData sources: Wageningen Staff PublicationsUniversity of Bristol: Bristol ResearchArticle . 2023Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological SocietyArticle . 2024 . Peer-reviewedData sources: European Union Open Data PortalInstitut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSUArticle . 2023Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1002/qj.4589&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen hybrid 35 citations 35 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 1% Powered by BIP!
more_vert Quarterly Journal of... arrow_drop_down The University of Melbourne: Digital RepositoryArticle . 2024License: CC BYFull-Text: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/338314Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological SocietyArticle . 2023 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYData sources: CrossrefWageningen Staff PublicationsArticle . 2024License: CC BYData sources: Wageningen Staff PublicationsUniversity of Bristol: Bristol ResearchArticle . 2023Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological SocietyArticle . 2024 . Peer-reviewedData sources: European Union Open Data PortalInstitut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSUArticle . 2023Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal , Conference object , Preprint 2014 FrancePublisher:Elsevier BV Funded by:ANR | MUSCADEANR| MUSCADEMasson, Valéry; Marchadier, Colette; Adolphe, Luc; Aguejdad, Rahim; Avner, P.; Bonhomme, Marc; Bretagne, Geneviève; Briottet, X.; Bueno, Bruno; de Munck, Cécile; Doukari, O.; Hallegatte, Stéphane; Hidalgo, Julia; Houet, Thomas; Bras, J. Le; Lemonsu, Aude; Long, Nathalie; Moine, M.-P.; Morel, T.; Nolorgues, L.; Pigeon, Grégoire; Salagnac, J.-L.; Viguié, V.; Zibouche, K.;AbstractSocieties have to both reduce their greenhouse gas emissions and undertake adaptation measures to limit the negative impacts of global warming on the population, the economy and the environment. Examining how best to adapt cities is especially challenging as urban areas will evolve as the climate changes. Thus, examining adaptation strategies for cities requires a strong interdisciplinary approach involving urban planners, architects, meteorologists, building engineers, economists, and social scientists. Here we introduce a systemic modelling approach to the problem.Our four-step methodology consists of: first, defining interdisciplinary scenarios; second, simulating the long-term evolution of cities on the basis of socio-economic and land-use models; third, calculating impacts with physical models (such as TEB), and; finally, calculating the indicators that quantify the effect of different adaptation policies. In the examples presented here, urban planning strategies are shown to have unexpected influence on city expansion in the long term. Moreover, the Urban Heat Island should be taken into account in operational estimations of building energy demands. Citizens’ practices seem to be an efficient lever for reducing energy consumption in buildings.Interdisciplinary systemic modelling appears well suited to the evaluation of several adaptation strategies for a very broad range of topics.
Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down Archive Ouverte de l'Université Rennes (HAL)Article . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Université Toulouse 2 - Jean Jaurès: HALArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Normandie Université: HALArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Université de Bretagne Occidentale: HALArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTESArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)CIRAD: HAL (Agricultural Research for Development)Article . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSUArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)HAL-Ecole des Ponts ParisTechConference object . 2015License: CC BY NC NDData sources: HAL-Ecole des Ponts ParisTechINRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverConference object . 2015Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverINRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverArticle . 2014Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverHyper Article en Ligne - Sciences de l'Homme et de la SociétéConference object . 2015License: CC BY NC NDMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationConference object . 2015Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique: ProdINRAArticle . 2014Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen hybrid 160 citations 160 popularity Top 1% influence Top 10% impulse Top 1% Powered by BIP!
more_vert Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down Archive Ouverte de l'Université Rennes (HAL)Article . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Université Toulouse 2 - Jean Jaurès: HALArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Normandie Université: HALArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Université de Bretagne Occidentale: HALArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTESArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)CIRAD: HAL (Agricultural Research for Development)Article . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSUArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)HAL-Ecole des Ponts ParisTechConference object . 2015License: CC BY NC NDData sources: HAL-Ecole des Ponts ParisTechINRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverConference object . 2015Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverINRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverArticle . 2014Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverHyper Article en Ligne - Sciences de l'Homme et de la SociétéConference object . 2015License: CC BY NC NDMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationConference object . 2015Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique: ProdINRAArticle . 2014Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal , Conference object , Preprint 2014 FrancePublisher:Elsevier BV Funded by:ANR | MUSCADEANR| MUSCADEMasson, Valéry; Marchadier, Colette; Adolphe, Luc; Aguejdad, Rahim; Avner, P.; Bonhomme, Marc; Bretagne, Geneviève; Briottet, X.; Bueno, Bruno; de Munck, Cécile; Doukari, O.; Hallegatte, Stéphane; Hidalgo, Julia; Houet, Thomas; Bras, J. Le; Lemonsu, Aude; Long, Nathalie; Moine, M.-P.; Morel, T.; Nolorgues, L.; Pigeon, Grégoire; Salagnac, J.-L.; Viguié, V.; Zibouche, K.;AbstractSocieties have to both reduce their greenhouse gas emissions and undertake adaptation measures to limit the negative impacts of global warming on the population, the economy and the environment. Examining how best to adapt cities is especially challenging as urban areas will evolve as the climate changes. Thus, examining adaptation strategies for cities requires a strong interdisciplinary approach involving urban planners, architects, meteorologists, building engineers, economists, and social scientists. Here we introduce a systemic modelling approach to the problem.Our four-step methodology consists of: first, defining interdisciplinary scenarios; second, simulating the long-term evolution of cities on the basis of socio-economic and land-use models; third, calculating impacts with physical models (such as TEB), and; finally, calculating the indicators that quantify the effect of different adaptation policies. In the examples presented here, urban planning strategies are shown to have unexpected influence on city expansion in the long term. Moreover, the Urban Heat Island should be taken into account in operational estimations of building energy demands. Citizens’ practices seem to be an efficient lever for reducing energy consumption in buildings.Interdisciplinary systemic modelling appears well suited to the evaluation of several adaptation strategies for a very broad range of topics.
Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down Archive Ouverte de l'Université Rennes (HAL)Article . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Université Toulouse 2 - Jean Jaurès: HALArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Normandie Université: HALArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Université de Bretagne Occidentale: HALArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTESArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)CIRAD: HAL (Agricultural Research for Development)Article . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSUArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)HAL-Ecole des Ponts ParisTechConference object . 2015License: CC BY NC NDData sources: HAL-Ecole des Ponts ParisTechINRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverConference object . 2015Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverINRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverArticle . 2014Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverHyper Article en Ligne - Sciences de l'Homme et de la SociétéConference object . 2015License: CC BY NC NDMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationConference object . 2015Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique: ProdINRAArticle . 2014Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen hybrid 160 citations 160 popularity Top 1% influence Top 10% impulse Top 1% Powered by BIP!
more_vert Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down Archive Ouverte de l'Université Rennes (HAL)Article . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Université Toulouse 2 - Jean Jaurès: HALArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Normandie Université: HALArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Université de Bretagne Occidentale: HALArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTESArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)CIRAD: HAL (Agricultural Research for Development)Article . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSUArticle . 2014Full-Text: https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01136215Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)HAL-Ecole des Ponts ParisTechConference object . 2015License: CC BY NC NDData sources: HAL-Ecole des Ponts ParisTechINRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverConference object . 2015Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverINRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverArticle . 2014Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverHyper Article en Ligne - Sciences de l'Homme et de la SociétéConference object . 2015License: CC BY NC NDMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationConference object . 2015Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique: ProdINRAArticle . 2014Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2013 FranceAuthors: de Munck, Cécile;Les projections climatiques prévoient une amplification du réchauffement climatique, potentiellement exacerbée en milieu urbain du fait du phénomène d’îlot de chaleur urbain. La recrudescence d’évènements extrêmes comme les canicules peut avoir des conséquences écologiques, sanitaires, et économiques dramatiques à l’échelle des villes qui concentrent la population. Parmi les mesures d’adaptation visant à améliorer le confort climatique et la demande énergétique, la climatisation et le verdissement urbain constituent deux leviers d’action aux effets parfois antagonistes. Ce travail de thèse – mené dans le cadre des trois projets de recherche CLIM2, MUSCADE et VegDUD, propose d’évaluer ces effets par des simulations du climat urbain à l’échelle de l’agglomération parisienne. La modélisation repose en particulier sur le modèle de canopée urbaine TEB qui permet de simuler les échanges de chaleur, d’eau et de quantité de mouvement entre les surfaces urbaines et l’atmosphère, et depuis peu l’énergétique des bâtiments et des indices de confort thermique dans les bâtiments et dans les rues. Afin d’améliorer la prise en compte de la végétation urbaine dans TEB, un modèle de toitures végétalisées extensives a tout d’abord été développé et évalué. Différentes pratiques d’arrosage de la végétation urbaine au sol ou sur les toits ont également été paramétrées. Les scénarios d’adaptation de la ville de Paris par la climatisation, évalués dans le cadre de CLIM2 pour la canicule 2003 par des simulations couplées de TEB avec un modèle atmosphérique, ont mis en évidence que toutes les formes de climatisation qui rejettent de la chaleur dans l’atmosphère (sèche ou humide) génèrent une augmentation de la température des rues au niveau des piétons. Ce réchauffement, proportionnel à la puissance des rejets de chaleur sensible dans l’atmosphère, est en moyenne de 0.5 à 2°C, selon le niveau de déploiement de la climatisation. Différentes stratégies de verdissement ont ensuite été mises en œuvre et évaluées toujours sur Paris, en faisant varier soit la végétation au sol (plusieurs taux et types de végétation testés), soit celle en toiture (avec ou sans arrosage), soit les deux. Ces simulations, réalisées dans la configuration générale du projet MUSCADE, i.e. en mode forcé avec une version de TEB disposant d’un générateur dynamique d’îlot de chaleur urbain, ont montré que l’augmentation de la couverture végétale au sol a un pouvoir rafraîchissant plus efficace que les toitures végétalisées, et ce d’autant plus que le taux de verdissement et que la proportion d’arbres sont importants. Les toitures végétalisées quant à elles constituent le moyen le plus efficace de réduire la consommation d’énergie, non seulement estivale mais aussi à l’échelle annuelle, essentiellement grâce à leur pouvoir isolant. Climate projections predict an amplification of global warming, potentially exacerbated in urban areas by the urban heat island effect. More frequent extreme events such as heat waves may have severe public health, ecological, and economic consequences as cities concentrate population. Among the measures aiming at improving thermal comfort or energy demand, air conditioning and urban greening are measures that may have antagonistic effects. This PhD work is undertaken within the framework of three research projects, CLIM2, MUSCADE and VegDUD. Its objective is to evaluate the respective effects of air conditioning and urban greening based on urban climate simulations across the Paris area. The modelling relies on the Town Energy Balance (TEB) model, which simulates the exchange of heat, water and momentum between the urban surface and the atmosphere. It has been recently improved to simulate building energetics, as well as indoor and outdoor thermal comfort indices. To improve the description of urban vegetation within TEB, a green roof model has been developed and evaluated. In addition, watering practices have been implemented to model the watering of urban vegetation at ground or roof level. Within CLIM2, the air conditioning scenarios tested for adapting Paris city to the extreme temperatures of the 2003 heatwave have been evaluated based on simulations using TEB coupled with an atmospheric model. Results shows that all forms of conditioning that release waste heat (dry or wet) into the atmosphere generate a temperature increase in the streets. This warming is proportional to the power of the sensible heat releases in the atmosphere and is on average 0.5 to 2_C, depending on the level of deployment of the air conditioning. Then, the greening of Paris city has been evaluated based on simulations carried out with the general configuration of the MUSCADE project, i.e. with climate forcings and a dynamic urban heat island generator. The scenarios tested consisted in an increase in ground-base vegetation or an implementation of green roofs on compatible buildings, or the two combined, with the option of watering green roofs or not in summer. Results show that increasing the ground cover has a stronger cooling effect than implementing green roofs, and even more so when the greening rate and the proportion of trees are important. The green roofs are however the most effective way to reduce energy consumption, not only in summer but also on an annual basis, mainly due to their insulating properties.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2013 FranceAuthors: de Munck, Cécile;Les projections climatiques prévoient une amplification du réchauffement climatique, potentiellement exacerbée en milieu urbain du fait du phénomène d’îlot de chaleur urbain. La recrudescence d’évènements extrêmes comme les canicules peut avoir des conséquences écologiques, sanitaires, et économiques dramatiques à l’échelle des villes qui concentrent la population. Parmi les mesures d’adaptation visant à améliorer le confort climatique et la demande énergétique, la climatisation et le verdissement urbain constituent deux leviers d’action aux effets parfois antagonistes. Ce travail de thèse – mené dans le cadre des trois projets de recherche CLIM2, MUSCADE et VegDUD, propose d’évaluer ces effets par des simulations du climat urbain à l’échelle de l’agglomération parisienne. La modélisation repose en particulier sur le modèle de canopée urbaine TEB qui permet de simuler les échanges de chaleur, d’eau et de quantité de mouvement entre les surfaces urbaines et l’atmosphère, et depuis peu l’énergétique des bâtiments et des indices de confort thermique dans les bâtiments et dans les rues. Afin d’améliorer la prise en compte de la végétation urbaine dans TEB, un modèle de toitures végétalisées extensives a tout d’abord été développé et évalué. Différentes pratiques d’arrosage de la végétation urbaine au sol ou sur les toits ont également été paramétrées. Les scénarios d’adaptation de la ville de Paris par la climatisation, évalués dans le cadre de CLIM2 pour la canicule 2003 par des simulations couplées de TEB avec un modèle atmosphérique, ont mis en évidence que toutes les formes de climatisation qui rejettent de la chaleur dans l’atmosphère (sèche ou humide) génèrent une augmentation de la température des rues au niveau des piétons. Ce réchauffement, proportionnel à la puissance des rejets de chaleur sensible dans l’atmosphère, est en moyenne de 0.5 à 2°C, selon le niveau de déploiement de la climatisation. Différentes stratégies de verdissement ont ensuite été mises en œuvre et évaluées toujours sur Paris, en faisant varier soit la végétation au sol (plusieurs taux et types de végétation testés), soit celle en toiture (avec ou sans arrosage), soit les deux. Ces simulations, réalisées dans la configuration générale du projet MUSCADE, i.e. en mode forcé avec une version de TEB disposant d’un générateur dynamique d’îlot de chaleur urbain, ont montré que l’augmentation de la couverture végétale au sol a un pouvoir rafraîchissant plus efficace que les toitures végétalisées, et ce d’autant plus que le taux de verdissement et que la proportion d’arbres sont importants. Les toitures végétalisées quant à elles constituent le moyen le plus efficace de réduire la consommation d’énergie, non seulement estivale mais aussi à l’échelle annuelle, essentiellement grâce à leur pouvoir isolant. Climate projections predict an amplification of global warming, potentially exacerbated in urban areas by the urban heat island effect. More frequent extreme events such as heat waves may have severe public health, ecological, and economic consequences as cities concentrate population. Among the measures aiming at improving thermal comfort or energy demand, air conditioning and urban greening are measures that may have antagonistic effects. This PhD work is undertaken within the framework of three research projects, CLIM2, MUSCADE and VegDUD. Its objective is to evaluate the respective effects of air conditioning and urban greening based on urban climate simulations across the Paris area. The modelling relies on the Town Energy Balance (TEB) model, which simulates the exchange of heat, water and momentum between the urban surface and the atmosphere. It has been recently improved to simulate building energetics, as well as indoor and outdoor thermal comfort indices. To improve the description of urban vegetation within TEB, a green roof model has been developed and evaluated. In addition, watering practices have been implemented to model the watering of urban vegetation at ground or roof level. Within CLIM2, the air conditioning scenarios tested for adapting Paris city to the extreme temperatures of the 2003 heatwave have been evaluated based on simulations using TEB coupled with an atmospheric model. Results shows that all forms of conditioning that release waste heat (dry or wet) into the atmosphere generate a temperature increase in the streets. This warming is proportional to the power of the sensible heat releases in the atmosphere and is on average 0.5 to 2_C, depending on the level of deployment of the air conditioning. Then, the greening of Paris city has been evaluated based on simulations carried out with the general configuration of the MUSCADE project, i.e. with climate forcings and a dynamic urban heat island generator. The scenarios tested consisted in an increase in ground-base vegetation or an implementation of green roofs on compatible buildings, or the two combined, with the option of watering green roofs or not in summer. Results show that increasing the ground cover has a stronger cooling effect than implementing green roofs, and even more so when the greening rate and the proportion of trees are important. The green roofs are however the most effective way to reduce energy consumption, not only in summer but also on an annual basis, mainly due to their insulating properties.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dedup_wf_002::02b1132b22f454713031e4a9aef2e6aa&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 2012 FrancePublisher:Elsevier BV Tremeac, Brice; Bousquet, Pierre; de Munck, Cécile; Pigeon, Gregoire; Masson, Valéry; Marchadier, Colette; Merchat, Michele; Poeuf, Pierre; Meunier, Francis;Projections of future climate suggest increases in extreme temperatures particularly in mid latitudes. In addition, the effect of heat waves, which are becoming a major “summer killer”, is exacerbated in urban areas owing to the heat island effect. Air conditioning (A/C) is a key parameter for health problems in case of heat waves since, on one hand, it reduces mortality but, on the other hand, depending on the heat management, it can increase street temperature therefore increasing the air cooling demand. Results of a meso-scale meteorological model (MESO-NH), coupled to an urban energy balance model including a simplified building model (TEB), are used. Simulations based on a realistic spatial cartography of air-cooled chillers and cooling towers in the city of Paris and surroundings have been performed. The simulation period corresponds to the extreme heat wave in Paris: 9–13 August 2003. Five scenarios will be discussed: firstly a baseline without air-conditioning (NO-AC scenario); secondly the actual situation including individual air dry coolers, wet cooling towers and an urban cooling network relying on free-cooling (water-cooled A/C with the river Seine) (REAL scenario). A third scenario will assume that all the heat is rejected as sensible heat in the atmosphere (DRY AC scenario). Two other scenarios correspond to a prospective where A/C is doubled. Scenario 4 assumes that all the heat is rejected as sensible heat in the atmosphere (DRY ACx2 scenario). On the opposite, scenario 5 assumes that all the heat is rejected underground or in the river Seine (NOREJ scenario). Results show that A/C affects the UHI depending on its management. A detailed analysis on selected districts shows that the local temperature variation resulting from heat island is proportional to the sensible heat rejected locally by A/C, indicating that a clever A/C management is all the more important to provide comfort and to mitigate heat island. Moreover, the incidence of the sky view factor is also discussed.
INRIA a CCSD electro... arrow_drop_down INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverArticle . 2012Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverInstitut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSUArticle . 2012Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.02.015&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu63 citations 63 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert INRIA a CCSD electro... arrow_drop_down INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverArticle . 2012Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverInstitut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSUArticle . 2012Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.02.015&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 2012 FrancePublisher:Elsevier BV Tremeac, Brice; Bousquet, Pierre; de Munck, Cécile; Pigeon, Gregoire; Masson, Valéry; Marchadier, Colette; Merchat, Michele; Poeuf, Pierre; Meunier, Francis;Projections of future climate suggest increases in extreme temperatures particularly in mid latitudes. In addition, the effect of heat waves, which are becoming a major “summer killer”, is exacerbated in urban areas owing to the heat island effect. Air conditioning (A/C) is a key parameter for health problems in case of heat waves since, on one hand, it reduces mortality but, on the other hand, depending on the heat management, it can increase street temperature therefore increasing the air cooling demand. Results of a meso-scale meteorological model (MESO-NH), coupled to an urban energy balance model including a simplified building model (TEB), are used. Simulations based on a realistic spatial cartography of air-cooled chillers and cooling towers in the city of Paris and surroundings have been performed. The simulation period corresponds to the extreme heat wave in Paris: 9–13 August 2003. Five scenarios will be discussed: firstly a baseline without air-conditioning (NO-AC scenario); secondly the actual situation including individual air dry coolers, wet cooling towers and an urban cooling network relying on free-cooling (water-cooled A/C with the river Seine) (REAL scenario). A third scenario will assume that all the heat is rejected as sensible heat in the atmosphere (DRY AC scenario). Two other scenarios correspond to a prospective where A/C is doubled. Scenario 4 assumes that all the heat is rejected as sensible heat in the atmosphere (DRY ACx2 scenario). On the opposite, scenario 5 assumes that all the heat is rejected underground or in the river Seine (NOREJ scenario). Results show that A/C affects the UHI depending on its management. A detailed analysis on selected districts shows that the local temperature variation resulting from heat island is proportional to the sensible heat rejected locally by A/C, indicating that a clever A/C management is all the more important to provide comfort and to mitigate heat island. Moreover, the incidence of the sky view factor is also discussed.
INRIA a CCSD electro... arrow_drop_down INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverArticle . 2012Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverInstitut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSUArticle . 2012Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu63 citations 63 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert INRIA a CCSD electro... arrow_drop_down INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverArticle . 2012Data sources: INRIA a CCSD electronic archive serverInstitut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSUArticle . 2012Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2022 FrancePublisher:OpenEdition Mhedhbi, Zohra; Hidalgo, Julia; de Munck, Cécile; Haouès-Jouve, Sinda; Touati, Najla; Masson, Valéry;handle: 20.500.13089/f2m9
Urban microclimate studies could help manage heatwave crises and improve climate friendly urban planning. This paper presents adjustments to tools and approaches, in particular the Urban Climate Maps framework, typically produced in industrialized countries for contexts relevant to developing countries, where accurate urban data are often not available. In this study, relevant urban, architectural and land use data were collected and constructed to enable numerical simulations of a heat wave episode in the Greater Metropolitan area of Tunis. The simulation results indicate that the diurnal heat stress reached very high values corresponding to an extreme heat stress level, according to the Urban Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) scale, by 9 a.m. local time. The highest sea-breeze speeds were over the sea (∼8 m s−1). However, the effect of the sea breeze was low over densely urbanized areas (
Cybergeo arrow_drop_down add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.4000/cybergeo.39297&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert Cybergeo arrow_drop_down add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.4000/cybergeo.39297&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2022 FrancePublisher:OpenEdition Mhedhbi, Zohra; Hidalgo, Julia; de Munck, Cécile; Haouès-Jouve, Sinda; Touati, Najla; Masson, Valéry;handle: 20.500.13089/f2m9
Urban microclimate studies could help manage heatwave crises and improve climate friendly urban planning. This paper presents adjustments to tools and approaches, in particular the Urban Climate Maps framework, typically produced in industrialized countries for contexts relevant to developing countries, where accurate urban data are often not available. In this study, relevant urban, architectural and land use data were collected and constructed to enable numerical simulations of a heat wave episode in the Greater Metropolitan area of Tunis. The simulation results indicate that the diurnal heat stress reached very high values corresponding to an extreme heat stress level, according to the Urban Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) scale, by 9 a.m. local time. The highest sea-breeze speeds were over the sea (∼8 m s−1). However, the effect of the sea breeze was low over densely urbanized areas (
Cybergeo arrow_drop_down add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.4000/cybergeo.39297&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert Cybergeo arrow_drop_down add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2023 France, France, Netherlands, Switzerland, Australia, United Kingdom, United KingdomPublisher:Wiley Funded by:ARC | ARC Centres of Excellence..., UKRI | Ghosts from summers past:..., NHMRC | A vision of healthy urban... +7 projectsARC| ARC Centres of Excellences - Grant ID: CE170100023 ,UKRI| Ghosts from summers past: quantifying the role of vegetation legacy to climatic extremes ,NHMRC| A vision of healthy urban design for NCD prevention ,NWO| The windy city ,NSF| The Management and Operation of the National Center for Atmoshperic Research (NCAR) ,DFG ,EC| urbisphere ,NSF| Meteorological Islands: How the Atmosphere Interacts with Large Individual Patches of Heterogeneity ,UKRI| Building Resilient Cities for Heat Waves ,UKRI| Building Resilient Cities for Heat WavesLipson, Mathew; Grimmond, Sue; Best, Martin; Abramowitz, Gab; Coutts, Andrew; Tapper, Nigel; Baik, Jong‐jin; Beyers, Meiring; Blunn, Lewis; Boussetta, Souhail; Bou-Zeid, Elie; de Kauwe, Martin; de Munck, Cécile; Demuzere, Matthias; Fatichi, Simone; Fortuniak, Krzysztof; Han, Beom‐soon; Hendry, Margaret; Kikegawa, Yukihiro; Kondo, Hiroaki; Lee, Doo‐il; Lee, Sang‐hyun; Lemonsu, Aude; Machado, Tiago; Manoli, Gabriele; Martilli, Alberto; Masson, Valéry; Mcnorton, Joe; Meili, Naika; Meyer, David; Nice, Kerry; Oleson, Keith; Park, Seung‐bu; Roth, Michael; Schoetter, Robert; Simón-Moral, Andrés; Steeneveld, Gert‐jan; Sun, Ting; Takane, Yuya; Thatcher, Marcus; Tsiringakis, Aristofanis; Varentsov, Mikhail; Wang, Chenghao; Wang, Zhi‐hua; Pitman, Andy;doi: 10.1002/qj.4589
AbstractAccurately predicting weather and climate in cities is critical for safeguarding human health and strengthening urban resilience. Multimodel evaluations can lead to model improvements; however, there have been no major intercomparisons of urban‐focussed land surface models in over a decade. Here, in Phase 1 of the Urban‐PLUMBER project, we evaluate the ability of 30 land surface models to simulate surface energy fluxes critical to atmospheric meteorological and air quality simulations. We establish minimum and upper performance expectations for participating models using simple information‐limited models as benchmarks. Compared with the last major model intercomparison at the same site, we find broad improvement in the current cohort's predictions of short‐wave radiation, sensible and latent heat fluxes, but little or no improvement in long‐wave radiation and momentum fluxes. Models with a simple urban representation (e.g., ‘slab’ schemes) generally perform well, particularly when combined with sophisticated hydrological/vegetation models. Some mid‐complexity models (e.g., ‘canyon’ schemes) also perform well, indicating efforts to integrate vegetation and hydrology processes have paid dividends. The most complex models that resolve three‐dimensional interactions between buildings in general did not perform as well as other categories. However, these models also tended to have the simplest representations of hydrology and vegetation. Models without any urban representation (i.e., vegetation‐only land surface models) performed poorly for latent heat fluxes, and reasonably for other energy fluxes at this suburban site. Our analysis identified widespread human errors in initial submissions that substantially affected model performances. Although significant efforts are applied to correct these errors, we conclude that human factors are likely to influence results in this (or any) model intercomparison, particularly where participating scientists have varying experience and first languages. These initial results are for one suburban site, and future phases of Urban‐PLUMBER will evaluate models across 20 sites in different urban and regional climate zones.
Quarterly Journal of... arrow_drop_down The University of Melbourne: Digital RepositoryArticle . 2024License: CC BYFull-Text: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/338314Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological SocietyArticle . 2023 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYData sources: CrossrefWageningen Staff PublicationsArticle . 2024License: CC BYData sources: Wageningen Staff PublicationsUniversity of Bristol: Bristol ResearchArticle . 2023Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological SocietyArticle . 2024 . Peer-reviewedData sources: European Union Open Data PortalInstitut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSUArticle . 2023Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1002/qj.4589&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen hybrid 35 citations 35 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 1% Powered by BIP!
more_vert Quarterly Journal of... arrow_drop_down The University of Melbourne: Digital RepositoryArticle . 2024License: CC BYFull-Text: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/338314Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological SocietyArticle . 2023 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYData sources: CrossrefWageningen Staff PublicationsArticle . 2024License: CC BYData sources: Wageningen Staff PublicationsUniversity of Bristol: Bristol ResearchArticle . 2023Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological SocietyArticle . 2024 . Peer-reviewedData sources: European Union Open Data PortalInstitut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSUArticle . 2023Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1002/qj.4589&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2023 France, France, Netherlands, Switzerland, Australia, United Kingdom, United KingdomPublisher:Wiley Funded by:ARC | ARC Centres of Excellence..., UKRI | Ghosts from summers past:..., NHMRC | A vision of healthy urban... +7 projectsARC| ARC Centres of Excellences - Grant ID: CE170100023 ,UKRI| Ghosts from summers past: quantifying the role of vegetation legacy to climatic extremes ,NHMRC| A vision of healthy urban design for NCD prevention ,NWO| The windy city ,NSF| The Management and Operation of the National Center for Atmoshperic Research (NCAR) ,DFG ,EC| urbisphere ,NSF| Meteorological Islands: How the Atmosphere Interacts with Large Individual Patches of Heterogeneity ,UKRI| Building Resilient Cities for Heat Waves ,UKRI| Building Resilient Cities for Heat WavesLipson, Mathew; Grimmond, Sue; Best, Martin; Abramowitz, Gab; Coutts, Andrew; Tapper, Nigel; Baik, Jong‐jin; Beyers, Meiring; Blunn, Lewis; Boussetta, Souhail; Bou-Zeid, Elie; de Kauwe, Martin; de Munck, Cécile; Demuzere, Matthias; Fatichi, Simone; Fortuniak, Krzysztof; Han, Beom‐soon; Hendry, Margaret; Kikegawa, Yukihiro; Kondo, Hiroaki; Lee, Doo‐il; Lee, Sang‐hyun; Lemonsu, Aude; Machado, Tiago; Manoli, Gabriele; Martilli, Alberto; Masson, Valéry; Mcnorton, Joe; Meili, Naika; Meyer, David; Nice, Kerry; Oleson, Keith; Park, Seung‐bu; Roth, Michael; Schoetter, Robert; Simón-Moral, Andrés; Steeneveld, Gert‐jan; Sun, Ting; Takane, Yuya; Thatcher, Marcus; Tsiringakis, Aristofanis; Varentsov, Mikhail; Wang, Chenghao; Wang, Zhi‐hua; Pitman, Andy;doi: 10.1002/qj.4589
AbstractAccurately predicting weather and climate in cities is critical for safeguarding human health and strengthening urban resilience. Multimodel evaluations can lead to model improvements; however, there have been no major intercomparisons of urban‐focussed land surface models in over a decade. Here, in Phase 1 of the Urban‐PLUMBER project, we evaluate the ability of 30 land surface models to simulate surface energy fluxes critical to atmospheric meteorological and air quality simulations. We establish minimum and upper performance expectations for participating models using simple information‐limited models as benchmarks. Compared with the last major model intercomparison at the same site, we find broad improvement in the current cohort's predictions of short‐wave radiation, sensible and latent heat fluxes, but little or no improvement in long‐wave radiation and momentum fluxes. Models with a simple urban representation (e.g., ‘slab’ schemes) generally perform well, particularly when combined with sophisticated hydrological/vegetation models. Some mid‐complexity models (e.g., ‘canyon’ schemes) also perform well, indicating efforts to integrate vegetation and hydrology processes have paid dividends. The most complex models that resolve three‐dimensional interactions between buildings in general did not perform as well as other categories. However, these models also tended to have the simplest representations of hydrology and vegetation. Models without any urban representation (i.e., vegetation‐only land surface models) performed poorly for latent heat fluxes, and reasonably for other energy fluxes at this suburban site. Our analysis identified widespread human errors in initial submissions that substantially affected model performances. Although significant efforts are applied to correct these errors, we conclude that human factors are likely to influence results in this (or any) model intercomparison, particularly where participating scientists have varying experience and first languages. These initial results are for one suburban site, and future phases of Urban‐PLUMBER will evaluate models across 20 sites in different urban and regional climate zones.
Quarterly Journal of... arrow_drop_down The University of Melbourne: Digital RepositoryArticle . 2024License: CC BYFull-Text: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/338314Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological SocietyArticle . 2023 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYData sources: CrossrefWageningen Staff PublicationsArticle . 2024License: CC BYData sources: Wageningen Staff PublicationsUniversity of Bristol: Bristol ResearchArticle . 2023Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological SocietyArticle . 2024 . Peer-reviewedData sources: European Union Open Data PortalInstitut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSUArticle . 2023Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1002/qj.4589&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen hybrid 35 citations 35 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 1% Powered by BIP!
more_vert Quarterly Journal of... arrow_drop_down The University of Melbourne: Digital RepositoryArticle . 2024License: CC BYFull-Text: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/338314Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological SocietyArticle . 2023 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYData sources: CrossrefWageningen Staff PublicationsArticle . 2024License: CC BYData sources: Wageningen Staff PublicationsUniversity of Bristol: Bristol ResearchArticle . 2023Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological SocietyArticle . 2024 . Peer-reviewedData sources: European Union Open Data PortalInstitut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSUArticle . 2023Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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