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  • Energy Research
  • 7. Clean energy

  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Iftkhar Ul Hussan; Muhammad Nadeem; Muhammad Yamin; Sikandar Ali; +4 Authors

    This research investigated the best economically viable power source with the least environmental impact and socially acceptable for the maize crop. Maize is one of the key economic crops in Pakistan. Solar-, electric-, and diesel-powered drip irrigation systems (DIS) were considered for comparative study. We selected 45 sites of maize crop to collect the data, with an area of 1–3 ha, from three divisions. For economic viability, the benefit:cost ratio, life cycle cost, and payback period were calculated, and CO2 emissions were calculated to assess the environmental impact. The SPSS model was used for one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc and chi-squared tests to check the significance level between all power sources. It was found that the B-C of electric power, solar, and diesel drip irrigation systems was 1.65, 1.52, and 1.44, respectively. Solar, diesel, and electricity power DIS have CO2 emissions of 0.02, 0.730, and 1.106 tons/ha, respectively. The research concludes that solar power and electric power are the best sources for the environment and economically, respectively. It is recommended that solar power DIS be subsidized, which will help to lower CO2 emissions and reduce the electricity shortfall in Pakistan.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ AgriEngineeringarrow_drop_down
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    AgriEngineering
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    AgriEngineering
    Article . 2023
    Data sources: DOAJ
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ AgriEngineeringarrow_drop_down
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      AgriEngineering
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      AgriEngineering
      Article . 2023
      Data sources: DOAJ
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    Authors: Asim Nawaz; Sikandar Ali; Sabir Ali Kalhoro; Saadullah Rahoojo; +2 Authors

    Aujourd'hui, les pays en développement sont confrontés à de multiples types de crises, en particulier en ce qui concerne les crises énergétiques. De plus, l'énergie a une grande valeur parce qu'elle est très essentielle pour le développement de toute société ainsi que pour un niveau de vie adéquat, chaque pays a besoin d'énergie, c'est-à-dire d'électricité, pour mener les activités de base, mais comme la population augmente rapidement, la demande d'énergie (électricité) augmente également et si la demande d'énergie requise n'est pas fournie, elle crée la pénurie d'énergie, donc nous avons besoin des ressources alternatives (énergie solaire), pour contrôler les crises énergétiques. La lumière du soleil a beaucoup d'importance car c'est la ressource renouvelable et la meilleure alternative pour contrôler les crises énergétiques. Le Pakistan est un pays confronté à la crise énergétique. Ces crises prennent la forme grave de tourments en saison estivale, en particulier dans la province du Sindh. Cependant, en raison de sa situation géographique, la province reçoit suffisamment de lumière du soleil toute l'année. Dans cette recherche, notre objectif est de repérer les endroits les plus appropriés pour l'utilisation efficace de l'énergie solaire à différentes saisons, sur la base de données pointues, dérivées de différents observatoires météorologiques au cours des trente dernières années. Et avec l'aide du système d'information géographique, la lumière solaire annuelle moyenne de la province a été observée qui est de 8,5 heures /jour et la partie centrale de la province est repérée, ce qui convient mieux aux centrales solaires, car la température reste élevée dans cette partie. Hoy en día, los países en desarrollo se enfrentan a múltiples tipos de crisis, especialmente en términos de crisis energéticas. Además, la energía tiene un gran valor porque es muy esencial para el desarrollo de cualquier sociedad, así como para el nivel de vida adecuado, cada país requiere la energía, es decir, la electricidad, para llevar a cabo las actividades básicas, sin embargo, a medida que la población aumenta rápidamente, la demanda de energía (electricidad) también aumenta y si la demanda requerida de energía no se suministra, crea la escasez de energía, por lo tanto, requerimos los recursos alternativos (energía solar) para controlar las crisis energéticas. La luz solar tiene mucha importancia porque es el recurso renovable y es la mejor alternativa para controlar las crisis energéticas. Pakistán es un país que se enfrenta a la crisis energética. Estas crisis toman la forma grave de tormento en la temporada de verano, especialmente en la provincia de Sindh. Sin embargo, debido a su ubicación geográfica, la provincia recibe la cantidad suficiente de luz solar en todo el año. En esta investigación, nuestro enfoque es detectar las ubicaciones más apropiadas para la utilización eficiente de la energía solar en diferentes estaciones, en base a datos puntuales, derivados de diferentes observatorios meteorológicos en los últimos treinta años. Y con la ayuda del Sistema de Información Geográfica se ha observado la luz solar media anual de la provincia que es de 8,5 hrs /día y se mancha la parte central de la provincia, que es más adecuada para las plantas solares, porque la temperatura se mantiene alta en esta parte. Today the developing countries are facing multiple types of crises especially in the term of energy crises. Also Energy has great worth because it is very essential for the development of any society as well as for the adequate standard of living, every country requires the energy i.e. Electricity, as to carry out the basic activities, however as the population is increasing rapidly so the demand of energy (electricity) is also increasing and if the required demand of energy is not supplied then it creates the energy shortage, therefore we require the alternative resources (solar energy), to control the energy crises. Sunlight has a lot of importance because it is the renewable resource and is the best alternative to control the energy crises. Pakistan is a country which is facing the energy crises. These crises take the serious shape of torment in summer season, especially in Sindh province. However due to its geographical location the province receives the enough quantity of sunlight in whole year. In this research our focus is to spot the most appropriate locations for the efficient utilization of solar energy in different seasons, based on pointed data, derived from different meteorological observatories over the last thirty years. And with the help of Geographic information system the annual average sunlight of the province has been observed which is 8.5 hrs /day and the central part of the province is spotted, which is more suitable for solar plants, because the temperature remains high in this part. تواجه البلدان النامية اليوم أنواعًا متعددة من الأزمات خاصة في فترة أزمات الطاقة. كما أن الطاقة لها قيمة كبيرة لأنها ضرورية جدًا لتنمية أي مجتمع وكذلك لمستوى المعيشة اللائق، فكل بلد يحتاج إلى الطاقة، أي الكهرباء، للقيام بالأنشطة الأساسية، ولكن مع تزايد عدد السكان بسرعة، يزداد الطلب على الطاقة (الكهرباء) أيضًا، وإذا لم يتم توفير الطلب المطلوب من الطاقة، فإنه يخلق نقصًا في الطاقة، لذلك نحن بحاجة إلى الموارد البديلة (الطاقة الشمسية)، للسيطرة على أزمات الطاقة. ضوء الشمس له أهمية كبيرة لأنه المورد المتجدد وهو أفضل بديل للسيطرة على أزمات الطاقة. باكستان بلد يواجه أزمات الطاقة. تأخذ هذه الأزمات شكل العذاب الخطير في فصل الصيف، خاصة في مقاطعة السند. ومع ذلك، نظرًا لموقعها الجغرافي، تتلقى المقاطعة كمية كافية من ضوء الشمس طوال العام. في هذا البحث، ينصب تركيزنا على تحديد المواقع الأكثر ملاءمة للاستخدام الفعال للطاقة الشمسية في مواسم مختلفة، بناءً على بيانات محددة، مستمدة من مراصد الأرصاد الجوية المختلفة على مدى الثلاثين عامًا الماضية. وبمساعدة نظام المعلومات الجغرافية، لوحظ متوسط ضوء الشمس السنوي للمقاطعة وهو 8.5 ساعة /يوم ويتم رصد الجزء المركزي من المقاطعة، وهو أكثر ملاءمة لمحطات الطاقة الشمسية، لأن درجة الحرارة تظل مرتفعة في هذا الجزء.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ 3C Tecnologíaarrow_drop_down
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    3C Tecnología
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/z7...
    Other literature type . 2019
    Data sources: Datacite
    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/ee...
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      3C Tecnología
      Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/z7...
      Other literature type . 2019
      Data sources: Datacite
      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/ee...
      Other literature type . 2019
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Iftkhar Ul Hussan; Muhammad Nadeem; Muhammad Yamin; Sikandar Ali; +4 Authors

    This research investigated the best economically viable power source with the least environmental impact and socially acceptable for the maize crop. Maize is one of the key economic crops in Pakistan. Solar-, electric-, and diesel-powered drip irrigation systems (DIS) were considered for comparative study. We selected 45 sites of maize crop to collect the data, with an area of 1–3 ha, from three divisions. For economic viability, the benefit:cost ratio, life cycle cost, and payback period were calculated, and CO2 emissions were calculated to assess the environmental impact. The SPSS model was used for one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc and chi-squared tests to check the significance level between all power sources. It was found that the B-C of electric power, solar, and diesel drip irrigation systems was 1.65, 1.52, and 1.44, respectively. Solar, diesel, and electricity power DIS have CO2 emissions of 0.02, 0.730, and 1.106 tons/ha, respectively. The research concludes that solar power and electric power are the best sources for the environment and economically, respectively. It is recommended that solar power DIS be subsidized, which will help to lower CO2 emissions and reduce the electricity shortfall in Pakistan.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ AgriEngineeringarrow_drop_down
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    AgriEngineering
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
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    AgriEngineering
    Article . 2023
    Data sources: DOAJ
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      AgriEngineering
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
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      AgriEngineering
      Article . 2023
      Data sources: DOAJ
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Asim Nawaz; Sikandar Ali; Sabir Ali Kalhoro; Saadullah Rahoojo; +2 Authors

    Aujourd'hui, les pays en développement sont confrontés à de multiples types de crises, en particulier en ce qui concerne les crises énergétiques. De plus, l'énergie a une grande valeur parce qu'elle est très essentielle pour le développement de toute société ainsi que pour un niveau de vie adéquat, chaque pays a besoin d'énergie, c'est-à-dire d'électricité, pour mener les activités de base, mais comme la population augmente rapidement, la demande d'énergie (électricité) augmente également et si la demande d'énergie requise n'est pas fournie, elle crée la pénurie d'énergie, donc nous avons besoin des ressources alternatives (énergie solaire), pour contrôler les crises énergétiques. La lumière du soleil a beaucoup d'importance car c'est la ressource renouvelable et la meilleure alternative pour contrôler les crises énergétiques. Le Pakistan est un pays confronté à la crise énergétique. Ces crises prennent la forme grave de tourments en saison estivale, en particulier dans la province du Sindh. Cependant, en raison de sa situation géographique, la province reçoit suffisamment de lumière du soleil toute l'année. Dans cette recherche, notre objectif est de repérer les endroits les plus appropriés pour l'utilisation efficace de l'énergie solaire à différentes saisons, sur la base de données pointues, dérivées de différents observatoires météorologiques au cours des trente dernières années. Et avec l'aide du système d'information géographique, la lumière solaire annuelle moyenne de la province a été observée qui est de 8,5 heures /jour et la partie centrale de la province est repérée, ce qui convient mieux aux centrales solaires, car la température reste élevée dans cette partie. Hoy en día, los países en desarrollo se enfrentan a múltiples tipos de crisis, especialmente en términos de crisis energéticas. Además, la energía tiene un gran valor porque es muy esencial para el desarrollo de cualquier sociedad, así como para el nivel de vida adecuado, cada país requiere la energía, es decir, la electricidad, para llevar a cabo las actividades básicas, sin embargo, a medida que la población aumenta rápidamente, la demanda de energía (electricidad) también aumenta y si la demanda requerida de energía no se suministra, crea la escasez de energía, por lo tanto, requerimos los recursos alternativos (energía solar) para controlar las crisis energéticas. La luz solar tiene mucha importancia porque es el recurso renovable y es la mejor alternativa para controlar las crisis energéticas. Pakistán es un país que se enfrenta a la crisis energética. Estas crisis toman la forma grave de tormento en la temporada de verano, especialmente en la provincia de Sindh. Sin embargo, debido a su ubicación geográfica, la provincia recibe la cantidad suficiente de luz solar en todo el año. En esta investigación, nuestro enfoque es detectar las ubicaciones más apropiadas para la utilización eficiente de la energía solar en diferentes estaciones, en base a datos puntuales, derivados de diferentes observatorios meteorológicos en los últimos treinta años. Y con la ayuda del Sistema de Información Geográfica se ha observado la luz solar media anual de la provincia que es de 8,5 hrs /día y se mancha la parte central de la provincia, que es más adecuada para las plantas solares, porque la temperatura se mantiene alta en esta parte. Today the developing countries are facing multiple types of crises especially in the term of energy crises. Also Energy has great worth because it is very essential for the development of any society as well as for the adequate standard of living, every country requires the energy i.e. Electricity, as to carry out the basic activities, however as the population is increasing rapidly so the demand of energy (electricity) is also increasing and if the required demand of energy is not supplied then it creates the energy shortage, therefore we require the alternative resources (solar energy), to control the energy crises. Sunlight has a lot of importance because it is the renewable resource and is the best alternative to control the energy crises. Pakistan is a country which is facing the energy crises. These crises take the serious shape of torment in summer season, especially in Sindh province. However due to its geographical location the province receives the enough quantity of sunlight in whole year. In this research our focus is to spot the most appropriate locations for the efficient utilization of solar energy in different seasons, based on pointed data, derived from different meteorological observatories over the last thirty years. And with the help of Geographic information system the annual average sunlight of the province has been observed which is 8.5 hrs /day and the central part of the province is spotted, which is more suitable for solar plants, because the temperature remains high in this part. تواجه البلدان النامية اليوم أنواعًا متعددة من الأزمات خاصة في فترة أزمات الطاقة. كما أن الطاقة لها قيمة كبيرة لأنها ضرورية جدًا لتنمية أي مجتمع وكذلك لمستوى المعيشة اللائق، فكل بلد يحتاج إلى الطاقة، أي الكهرباء، للقيام بالأنشطة الأساسية، ولكن مع تزايد عدد السكان بسرعة، يزداد الطلب على الطاقة (الكهرباء) أيضًا، وإذا لم يتم توفير الطلب المطلوب من الطاقة، فإنه يخلق نقصًا في الطاقة، لذلك نحن بحاجة إلى الموارد البديلة (الطاقة الشمسية)، للسيطرة على أزمات الطاقة. ضوء الشمس له أهمية كبيرة لأنه المورد المتجدد وهو أفضل بديل للسيطرة على أزمات الطاقة. باكستان بلد يواجه أزمات الطاقة. تأخذ هذه الأزمات شكل العذاب الخطير في فصل الصيف، خاصة في مقاطعة السند. ومع ذلك، نظرًا لموقعها الجغرافي، تتلقى المقاطعة كمية كافية من ضوء الشمس طوال العام. في هذا البحث، ينصب تركيزنا على تحديد المواقع الأكثر ملاءمة للاستخدام الفعال للطاقة الشمسية في مواسم مختلفة، بناءً على بيانات محددة، مستمدة من مراصد الأرصاد الجوية المختلفة على مدى الثلاثين عامًا الماضية. وبمساعدة نظام المعلومات الجغرافية، لوحظ متوسط ضوء الشمس السنوي للمقاطعة وهو 8.5 ساعة /يوم ويتم رصد الجزء المركزي من المقاطعة، وهو أكثر ملاءمة لمحطات الطاقة الشمسية، لأن درجة الحرارة تظل مرتفعة في هذا الجزء.

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