• Energy Research

Groundwater pumping systems using photovoltaic (PV) energy are increasingly being implemented around the world and, to a greater extent, in rural and electrically isolated areas. Over time, the cost of these systems has decreased, providing greater accessibility to freshwater in areas far from urban centers and power grids. This paper proposes a novel sustainability analysis of the groundwater pumping systems in Tenerife Island as an example of a medium-size isolated system, analyzing the current status and the business-as-usual projection to 2030, considering the water reservoirs available and the final use of water. The 2030 projection focused on the PV deployment, evaluation of the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE), and the availability of the groundwater resource. HOMER software was used to analyze the LCOE, and ArcGIS software was used for the visual modeling of water resources. As a result, the average LCOE for a purely PV installation supplying electricity to a pumping system in Tenerife is 0.2430 €/kWh, but the location and characteristic of each pumping system directly affect the performance and costs, mostly due to the solar availability.

Groundwater pumping systems using photovoltaic (PV) energy are increasingly being implemented around the world and, to a greater extent, in rural and electrically isolated areas. Over time, the cost of these systems has decreased, providing greater accessibility to freshwater in areas far from urban centers and power grids. This paper proposes a novel sustainability analysis of the groundwater pumping systems in Tenerife Island as an example of a medium-size isolated system, analyzing the current status and the business-as-usual projection to 2030, considering the water reservoirs available and the final use of water. The 2030 projection focused on the PV deployment, evaluation of the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE), and the availability of the groundwater resource. HOMER software was used to analyze the LCOE, and ArcGIS software was used for the visual modeling of water resources. As a result, the average LCOE for a purely PV installation supplying electricity to a pumping system in Tenerife is 0.2430 €/kWh, but the location and characteristic of each pumping system directly affect the performance and costs, mostly due to the solar availability.

Insular territories face important challenges in achieving effective sustainable development, mainly due to low internal availability of basic resources, which results in a high external dependency. The analysis of the energy–water nexus of islands is a powerful instrument to evaluate the sustainable goals of the region and to identify the key actions to take to fulfill these objectives in future scenarios. The aim of this study is to review the energy–water nexus applied to Tenerife (Canary Islands), considering three scenarios: the base case scenario, corresponding to the current situation, where 1.1% of consumed water is dedicated to energy production and 10.2% of the energy is supplied for water abstraction, depuration, and ocean discharge; and two projections for the year 2050: a maintained trend scenario, and an ecology-aware scenario, where the population growth and the deployment of electrical vehicles are considered. In 2018, the total energy consumed was 1954 ktoe, of which renewable energy made up 2%. In the maintained trend scenario, this amount rises to 2003 ktoe, of which renewable energies represent 29%. However, in the ecology-aware scenario, this amount could be reduced to 1710 ktoe of which 51% of energy is obtained from renewable sources.

Insular territories face important challenges in achieving effective sustainable development, mainly due to low internal availability of basic resources, which results in a high external dependency. The analysis of the energy–water nexus of islands is a powerful instrument to evaluate the sustainable goals of the region and to identify the key actions to take to fulfill these objectives in future scenarios. The aim of this study is to review the energy–water nexus applied to Tenerife (Canary Islands), considering three scenarios: the base case scenario, corresponding to the current situation, where 1.1% of consumed water is dedicated to energy production and 10.2% of the energy is supplied for water abstraction, depuration, and ocean discharge; and two projections for the year 2050: a maintained trend scenario, and an ecology-aware scenario, where the population growth and the deployment of electrical vehicles are considered. In 2018, the total energy consumed was 1954 ktoe, of which renewable energy made up 2%. In the maintained trend scenario, this amount rises to 2003 ktoe, of which renewable energies represent 29%. However, in the ecology-aware scenario, this amount could be reduced to 1710 ktoe of which 51% of energy is obtained from renewable sources.

Abstract This article presents a detailed analysis of the energy potential in the department of La Guajira, Colombia. This analysis was obtained from the review and structuring of all the information available in the different private, governmental sources, studies and previous analyzes carried out by other researches. The document includes the energy and regulatory landscape of renewable energies in Colombia due to Law 1715 and the climatic implications. The department of La Guajira is described geographically, socially and culturally and an exhaustive mesh-like analysis of the department's solar and wind potential is carried out, based on statistical database and specialized software. It includes the status of significant wind and solar energy installations and the upcoming projects according to the Mining and Energy Planning Unit of Colombia. In addition, a comparison of the potential obtained with the energy demands of some countries of the Latin American Energy Organization. In addition, the effects of current and future Colombian demand are compared to 2050 and the possible influence of the Guajira as the main supplier of this demand. Finally, a simulation that will allow to dimension the dynamics for the development of projects that take advantage of the different types of energy source.

Abstract This article presents a detailed analysis of the energy potential in the department of La Guajira, Colombia. This analysis was obtained from the review and structuring of all the information available in the different private, governmental sources, studies and previous analyzes carried out by other researches. The document includes the energy and regulatory landscape of renewable energies in Colombia due to Law 1715 and the climatic implications. The department of La Guajira is described geographically, socially and culturally and an exhaustive mesh-like analysis of the department's solar and wind potential is carried out, based on statistical database and specialized software. It includes the status of significant wind and solar energy installations and the upcoming projects according to the Mining and Energy Planning Unit of Colombia. In addition, a comparison of the potential obtained with the energy demands of some countries of the Latin American Energy Organization. In addition, the effects of current and future Colombian demand are compared to 2050 and the possible influence of the Guajira as the main supplier of this demand. Finally, a simulation that will allow to dimension the dynamics for the development of projects that take advantage of the different types of energy source.

Este artículo propone el diseño, cálculo y estudio de factibilidad de una planta hidroeléctrica reversible ubicada en la isla de Gran Canaria, con el apoyo de una planta de energía solar para cubrir una parte de la demanda de energía del bombeo de agua desde un depósito inferior a uno superior. Este trabajo está motivado para que la isla de Gran Canaria tenga la primera central hidroeléctrica de su historia y tenga un almacenamiento de energía para cubrir las horas pico de demanda entre 18 y 22 horas. Al mismo tiempo, tiene la intención de aumentar la capacidad instalada de fuentes renovables en detrimento de los combustibles fósiles. Finalmente, este trabajo concluye con un estudio económico donde se estiman un presupuesto y su estudio de prefactibilidad, considerando un período de construcción de 4 años y una vida útil de la instalación de 25 años.

Este artículo propone el diseño, cálculo y estudio de factibilidad de una planta hidroeléctrica reversible ubicada en la isla de Gran Canaria, con el apoyo de una planta de energía solar para cubrir una parte de la demanda de energía del bombeo de agua desde un depósito inferior a uno superior. Este trabajo está motivado para que la isla de Gran Canaria tenga la primera central hidroeléctrica de su historia y tenga un almacenamiento de energía para cubrir las horas pico de demanda entre 18 y 22 horas. Al mismo tiempo, tiene la intención de aumentar la capacidad instalada de fuentes renovables en detrimento de los combustibles fósiles. Finalmente, este trabajo concluye con un estudio económico donde se estiman un presupuesto y su estudio de prefactibilidad, considerando un período de construcción de 4 años y una vida útil de la instalación de 25 años.