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  • Energy Research
  • 2021-2025

  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: orcid Fabio Massaro;
    Fabio Massaro
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Fabio Massaro in OpenAIRE
    orcid Marco Ferraro;
    Marco Ferraro
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Marco Ferraro in OpenAIRE
    orcid Francesco Montana;
    Francesco Montana
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Francesco Montana in OpenAIRE
    orcid Eleonora Riva Sanseverino;
    Eleonora Riva Sanseverino
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Eleonora Riva Sanseverino in OpenAIRE
    +1 Authors

    This paper presents an assessment of the levelized cost of clean hydrogen produced in Sicily, a region in Southern Italy particularly rich in renewable energy and where nearly 50% of Italy’s refineries are located, making a comparison between on-site production, that is, near the end users who will use the hydrogen, and centralized production, comparing the costs obtained by employing the two types of electrolyzers already commercially available. In the study for centralized production, the scale factor method was applied on the costs of electrolyzers, and the optimal transport modes were considered based on the distance and amount of hydrogen to be transported. The results obtained indicate higher prices for hydrogen produced locally (from about 7 €/kg to 10 €/kg) and lower prices (from 2.66 €/kg to 5.80 €/kg) for hydrogen produced in centralized plants due to economies of scale and higher conversion efficiencies. How-ever, meeting the demand for clean hydrogen at minimal cost requires hydrogen distribution pipelines to transport it from centralized production sites to users, which currently do not exist in Sicily, as well as a significant amount of renewable energy ranging from 1.4 to 1.7 TWh per year to cover only 16% of refineries’ hydrogen needs.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ IRIS Cnrarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Energies
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Energies
    Article . 2024
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ IRIS Cnrarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Energies
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Energies
      Article . 2024
      Data sources: DOAJ
      addClaim
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: orcid Fabio Massaro;
    Fabio Massaro
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Fabio Massaro in OpenAIRE
    orcid Marco Ferraro;
    Marco Ferraro
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Marco Ferraro in OpenAIRE
    orcid Francesco Montana;
    Francesco Montana
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Francesco Montana in OpenAIRE
    orcid Eleonora Riva Sanseverino;
    Eleonora Riva Sanseverino
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Eleonora Riva Sanseverino in OpenAIRE
    +1 Authors

    This paper presents an assessment of the levelized cost of clean hydrogen produced in Sicily, a region in Southern Italy particularly rich in renewable energy and where nearly 50% of Italy’s refineries are located, making a comparison between on-site production, that is, near the end users who will use the hydrogen, and centralized production, comparing the costs obtained by employing the two types of electrolyzers already commercially available. In the study for centralized production, the scale factor method was applied on the costs of electrolyzers, and the optimal transport modes were considered based on the distance and amount of hydrogen to be transported. The results obtained indicate higher prices for hydrogen produced locally (from about 7 €/kg to 10 €/kg) and lower prices (from 2.66 €/kg to 5.80 €/kg) for hydrogen produced in centralized plants due to economies of scale and higher conversion efficiencies. How-ever, meeting the demand for clean hydrogen at minimal cost requires hydrogen distribution pipelines to transport it from centralized production sites to users, which currently do not exist in Sicily, as well as a significant amount of renewable energy ranging from 1.4 to 1.7 TWh per year to cover only 16% of refineries’ hydrogen needs.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ IRIS Cnrarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Energies
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Energies
    Article . 2024
    Data sources: DOAJ
    addClaim
    Access Routes
    Green
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    1
    citations1
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ IRIS Cnrarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Energies
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Energies
      Article . 2024
      Data sources: DOAJ
      addClaim
  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: orcid bw Leonardi SG;
    Leonardi SG
    ORCID
    Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositories

    Leonardi SG in OpenAIRE
    orcid bw Aloisio D;
    Aloisio D
    ORCID
    Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositories

    Aloisio D in OpenAIRE
    orcid Brunaccini G;
    Brunaccini G
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Brunaccini G in OpenAIRE
    orcid bw Stassi A;
    Stassi A
    ORCID
    Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositories

    Stassi A in OpenAIRE
    +3 Authors

    Lithium-ion batteries are increasingly used for the power network stabilization since renewable energy sources are massively exploited. Since the operating load profile has a strong impact on the degradation of lithium-ion cells, dedicated experimental tests can provide important information in this regard. Herein, a commercial high power 18,650-type LiCoO2-LiNiCoMnO2/Graphite cell was aged according to a standardized endurance test from IEC 61,427-2), which profile is formulated to simulate the primary frequency regulation service. In addition, accelerated ageing was obtained by increasing the ambient temperature to 45 °C. Then, a deep investigation was performed to assess the main degradation phenomena induced by the operating profile. For this purpose, incremental capacity (IC) and differential voltage (DV) analysis as well as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were performed at different state of health (SoH) of the cell. Moreover, in order to estimate the effects induced by the frequency regulation profile in comparison to the degradation phenomena caused by a typical full charge/discharge profile, an identical cell was also aged under this condition. Experimental evidences indicate that the operation under primary frequency regulation is less detrimental for the cell by capacity loss point of view, while larger internal impedance increase was observed in comparison to the typical full charge/discharge profile. Finally, a thermal acceleration coefficient was extrapolated to describe the cell capacity loss at room temperature under frequency regulation profile.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao IRIS Cnrarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Journal of Energy Storage
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
    Data sources: Crossref
    CNR ExploRA
    Article . 2021
    Data sources: CNR ExploRA
    addClaim
    17
    citations17
    popularityTop 10%
    influenceAverage
    impulseTop 10%
    BIP!Powered by BIP!
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao IRIS Cnrarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Journal of Energy Storage
      Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Elsevier TDM
      Data sources: Crossref
      CNR ExploRA
      Article . 2021
      Data sources: CNR ExploRA
      addClaim
  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: orcid bw Leonardi SG;
    Leonardi SG
    ORCID
    Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositories

    Leonardi SG in OpenAIRE
    orcid bw Aloisio D;
    Aloisio D
    ORCID
    Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositories

    Aloisio D in OpenAIRE
    orcid Brunaccini G;
    Brunaccini G
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Brunaccini G in OpenAIRE
    orcid bw Stassi A;
    Stassi A
    ORCID
    Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositories

    Stassi A in OpenAIRE
    +3 Authors

    Lithium-ion batteries are increasingly used for the power network stabilization since renewable energy sources are massively exploited. Since the operating load profile has a strong impact on the degradation of lithium-ion cells, dedicated experimental tests can provide important information in this regard. Herein, a commercial high power 18,650-type LiCoO2-LiNiCoMnO2/Graphite cell was aged according to a standardized endurance test from IEC 61,427-2), which profile is formulated to simulate the primary frequency regulation service. In addition, accelerated ageing was obtained by increasing the ambient temperature to 45 °C. Then, a deep investigation was performed to assess the main degradation phenomena induced by the operating profile. For this purpose, incremental capacity (IC) and differential voltage (DV) analysis as well as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were performed at different state of health (SoH) of the cell. Moreover, in order to estimate the effects induced by the frequency regulation profile in comparison to the degradation phenomena caused by a typical full charge/discharge profile, an identical cell was also aged under this condition. Experimental evidences indicate that the operation under primary frequency regulation is less detrimental for the cell by capacity loss point of view, while larger internal impedance increase was observed in comparison to the typical full charge/discharge profile. Finally, a thermal acceleration coefficient was extrapolated to describe the cell capacity loss at room temperature under frequency regulation profile.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao IRIS Cnrarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Journal of Energy Storage
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
    Data sources: Crossref
    CNR ExploRA
    Article . 2021
    Data sources: CNR ExploRA
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    17
    citations17
    popularityTop 10%
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao IRIS Cnrarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Journal of Energy Storage
      Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Elsevier TDM
      Data sources: Crossref
      CNR ExploRA
      Article . 2021
      Data sources: CNR ExploRA
      addClaim
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: orcid bw AiroFarulla G.;
    AiroFarulla G.
    ORCID
    Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositories

    AiroFarulla G. in OpenAIRE
    orcid Palomba V.;
    Palomba V.
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Palomba V. in OpenAIRE
    orcid Aloisio D.;
    Aloisio D.
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Aloisio D. in OpenAIRE
    orcid Brunaccini G.;
    Brunaccini G.
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Brunaccini G. in OpenAIRE
    +3 Authors

    The market of electric storage systems is widely dominated by Lithium ion batteries, whose peculiarity is the need for a thermal management system, whose proper design is complicated by the interaction. among different design and operating parameters. A specific methodology for carrying out the task is still lacking. In this context, the present paper proposes a systematic framework for the design of passive and hybrid thermal management systems (TMSs) of Li-ion batteries. Thermal tests were carried out on Lithium-Titanate-Oxide cells under realistic operating conditions in a controlled environment to characterize the electrical and thermal behaviour. A thermofluid dynamics model of the battery was implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics. The experimentally validated model was used to evaluate the influence of different design and operating parameters (ambient temperature, charge/discharge current, phase change material thickness and melting temperature) using the Taguchi method (orthogonal arrays), and discussing inter-related effects of the studied parameters via interaction plots. Air temperature (45 °C) and/or discharge current (69–92 A) were identified as critical operating conditions beyond which thermal runaway issues occur. Starting from the optimal design conditions for a passive TMS, the same methodology was used to assess a hybrid PCM-liquid cooling system as an alternative configuration. The results indicate that, compared to the baseline case of natural cooling, the optimal designs of standalone PCM and hybrid cooling system led to a reduction in maximum cell temperature of 11 and 22 °C, respectively, showing the high potential of these TMSs.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ IRIS Cnrarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Thermal Science and Engineering Progress
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY NC ND
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    ZENODO
    Article . 2023
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Datacite
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    ZENODO
    Article . 2023
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: ZENODO
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    ZENODO
    Article . 2023
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Datacite
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    Access Routes
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    8
    citations8
    popularityTop 10%
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ IRIS Cnrarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Thermal Science and Engineering Progress
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY NC ND
      Data sources: Crossref
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    Authors: orcid bw AiroFarulla G.;
    AiroFarulla G.
    ORCID
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    AiroFarulla G. in OpenAIRE
    orcid Palomba V.;
    Palomba V.
    ORCID
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    Palomba V. in OpenAIRE
    orcid Aloisio D.;
    Aloisio D.
    ORCID
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    Aloisio D. in OpenAIRE
    orcid Brunaccini G.;
    Brunaccini G.
    ORCID
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    Brunaccini G. in OpenAIRE
    +3 Authors

    The market of electric storage systems is widely dominated by Lithium ion batteries, whose peculiarity is the need for a thermal management system, whose proper design is complicated by the interaction. among different design and operating parameters. A specific methodology for carrying out the task is still lacking. In this context, the present paper proposes a systematic framework for the design of passive and hybrid thermal management systems (TMSs) of Li-ion batteries. Thermal tests were carried out on Lithium-Titanate-Oxide cells under realistic operating conditions in a controlled environment to characterize the electrical and thermal behaviour. A thermofluid dynamics model of the battery was implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics. The experimentally validated model was used to evaluate the influence of different design and operating parameters (ambient temperature, charge/discharge current, phase change material thickness and melting temperature) using the Taguchi method (orthogonal arrays), and discussing inter-related effects of the studied parameters via interaction plots. Air temperature (45 °C) and/or discharge current (69–92 A) were identified as critical operating conditions beyond which thermal runaway issues occur. Starting from the optimal design conditions for a passive TMS, the same methodology was used to assess a hybrid PCM-liquid cooling system as an alternative configuration. The results indicate that, compared to the baseline case of natural cooling, the optimal designs of standalone PCM and hybrid cooling system led to a reduction in maximum cell temperature of 11 and 22 °C, respectively, showing the high potential of these TMSs.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ IRIS Cnrarrow_drop_down
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    Thermal Science and Engineering Progress
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY NC ND
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    Article . 2023
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      Thermal Science and Engineering Progress
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: orcid Guarino F.;
    Guarino F.
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Guarino F. in OpenAIRE
    orcid Bisello A.;
    Bisello A.
    ORCID
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    Bisello A. in OpenAIRE
    Frieden D.; orcid Bastos J.;
    Bastos J.
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Bastos J. in OpenAIRE
    +14 Authors

    The concept of Positive Energy District is one of the main areas of research and extensive applications of the principles of the clean energy transition within the building sector. In the past years, the most widely accepted definitions have focused specifically on carbon neutrality, while several other aspects regarding all sustainability approaches (including environmental, social and economic perspective) were included qualitatively or to a lesser degree. This paper proposes a discussion on the state of the art of the sustainability assessment of Positive Energy Districts, by investigating environmental, social and economic sustainability applications. The three sustainability dimensions are investigated individually first, while discussing methodological insights, key performance indicators used and quantitative results, as well as in an integrated perspective. Finally, the paper describes research gaps and areas for further development on the topic.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Archivio istituziona...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    https://doi.org/10.1007/978-98...
    Part of book or chapter of book . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Springer TDM
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    IRIS Cnr
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    http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-...
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    Authors: orcid Guarino F.;
    Guarino F.
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Guarino F. in OpenAIRE
    orcid Bisello A.;
    Bisello A.
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Bisello A. in OpenAIRE
    Frieden D.; orcid Bastos J.;
    Bastos J.
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Bastos J. in OpenAIRE
    +14 Authors

    The concept of Positive Energy District is one of the main areas of research and extensive applications of the principles of the clean energy transition within the building sector. In the past years, the most widely accepted definitions have focused specifically on carbon neutrality, while several other aspects regarding all sustainability approaches (including environmental, social and economic perspective) were included qualitatively or to a lesser degree. This paper proposes a discussion on the state of the art of the sustainability assessment of Positive Energy Districts, by investigating environmental, social and economic sustainability applications. The three sustainability dimensions are investigated individually first, while discussing methodological insights, key performance indicators used and quantitative results, as well as in an integrated perspective. Finally, the paper describes research gaps and areas for further development on the topic.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Archivio istituziona...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    https://doi.org/10.1007/978-98...
    Part of book or chapter of book . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Springer TDM
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    Authors: orcid Napoli G.;
    Napoli G.
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Napoli G. in OpenAIRE
    orcid Ferraro M.;
    Ferraro M.
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Ferraro M. in OpenAIRE
    orcid Brunaccini G.;
    Brunaccini G.
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Brunaccini G. in OpenAIRE
    orcid Dispenza G.;
    Dispenza G.
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Dispenza G. in OpenAIRE
    +1 Authors

    Fuel cells based on polymer electrolyte membrane are considered as the most hopeful clean power technology. The operating principles of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) system involve electrochemistry, thermodynamics and hydrodynamics theory for which it is difficult to establish a mathematical model. In this paper a nonlinear data driven model of a PEMFC stack is developed using Neural Networks (NNs). The model presented is a black-box model, based on a set of measurable exogenous inputs and is able to predict the output voltage and cathode temperature of a high power module working at the CNR- ITAE. A 5 kW PEM fuel cell stack is employed to experimentally investigate the dynamic behaviour and to reveal the most influential factors.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Renewable Energy and...arrow_drop_down
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    IRIS Cnr
    Conference object . 2010
    Data sources: IRIS Cnr
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    IRIS Cnr
    Conference object . 2010
    Data sources: IRIS Cnr
    Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: Crossref
    CNR ExploRA
    Conference object . 2010
    Data sources: CNR ExploRA
    CNR ExploRA
    Conference object . 2010
    Data sources: CNR ExploRA
    ZENODO
    Article . 2017
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      IRIS Cnr
      Conference object . 2010
      Data sources: IRIS Cnr
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      IRIS Cnr
      Conference object . 2010
      Data sources: IRIS Cnr
      Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      CNR ExploRA
      Conference object . 2010
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      CNR ExploRA
      Conference object . 2010
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      Article . 2017
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: orcid Napoli G.;
    Napoli G.
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Napoli G. in OpenAIRE
    orcid Ferraro M.;
    Ferraro M.
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Ferraro M. in OpenAIRE
    orcid Brunaccini G.;
    Brunaccini G.
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Brunaccini G. in OpenAIRE
    orcid Dispenza G.;
    Dispenza G.
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Dispenza G. in OpenAIRE
    +1 Authors

    Fuel cells based on polymer electrolyte membrane are considered as the most hopeful clean power technology. The operating principles of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) system involve electrochemistry, thermodynamics and hydrodynamics theory for which it is difficult to establish a mathematical model. In this paper a nonlinear data driven model of a PEMFC stack is developed using Neural Networks (NNs). The model presented is a black-box model, based on a set of measurable exogenous inputs and is able to predict the output voltage and cathode temperature of a high power module working at the CNR- ITAE. A 5 kW PEM fuel cell stack is employed to experimentally investigate the dynamic behaviour and to reveal the most influential factors.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Renewable Energy and...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    IRIS Cnr
    Conference object . 2010
    Data sources: IRIS Cnr
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    IRIS Cnr
    Conference object . 2010
    Data sources: IRIS Cnr
    Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: Crossref
    CNR ExploRA
    Conference object . 2010
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    CNR ExploRA
    Conference object . 2010
    Data sources: CNR ExploRA
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    Article . 2017
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    Authors: orcid Munster M.;
    Munster M.
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    orcid Bramstoft R.;
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    Kountouris I.; orcid Langer L.;
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    Abstract Hydrogen and regional energy infrastructure are significant for the European Green Deal and was the focus of the SuperP2G research Project (Synergies Utilising renewable Power Regionally by means of Power to Gas). Five national projects (Denmark, Netherlands, Germany, Austria, and Italy) cooperated to investigate power-to-gas feasibility. The energy crisis due to the war in Ukraine peaked during the project. The demand for green hydrogen increased as natural gas was reduced. In 2022, the cost of blue hydrogen was 9.5–12.6 €/kg. Higher electricity prices impacted the cost of green hydrogen less. Considering the 2021–22 level of electricity and gas prices, and the potential flexibility of electrolysers, electrolytic hydrogen was on a par with blue hydrogen. On the long term, green hydrogen is assumed to be competitive around 2030. A fast ramping up and favourable electricity cost development could halve the hydrogen production cost until 2040 with investment being the major contributor to a cost reduction. Meanwhile, the smart operation of a wind/electrolyser system might achieve 24% reduction of its operation cost. The following measures are recommended to introduce green hydrogen on a large scale: 1) certification of green and low carbon hydrogen and a uniform CO2 price; 2) ensuring a level playing field across markets; 3) enabling policies to enhance European security of supply by increasing domestic production and diversifying imports; 4) fast ramping of renewable electricity generation; and 5) coordinated planning of hydrogen, methane, and electricity infrastructures.

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    Oxford Open Energy
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    Authors: orcid Munster M.;
    Munster M.
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    Munster M. in OpenAIRE
    orcid Bramstoft R.;
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    Bramstoft R. in OpenAIRE
    Kountouris I.; orcid Langer L.;
    Langer L.
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    Langer L. in OpenAIRE
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    Abstract Hydrogen and regional energy infrastructure are significant for the European Green Deal and was the focus of the SuperP2G research Project (Synergies Utilising renewable Power Regionally by means of Power to Gas). Five national projects (Denmark, Netherlands, Germany, Austria, and Italy) cooperated to investigate power-to-gas feasibility. The energy crisis due to the war in Ukraine peaked during the project. The demand for green hydrogen increased as natural gas was reduced. In 2022, the cost of blue hydrogen was 9.5–12.6 €/kg. Higher electricity prices impacted the cost of green hydrogen less. Considering the 2021–22 level of electricity and gas prices, and the potential flexibility of electrolysers, electrolytic hydrogen was on a par with blue hydrogen. On the long term, green hydrogen is assumed to be competitive around 2030. A fast ramping up and favourable electricity cost development could halve the hydrogen production cost until 2040 with investment being the major contributor to a cost reduction. Meanwhile, the smart operation of a wind/electrolyser system might achieve 24% reduction of its operation cost. The following measures are recommended to introduce green hydrogen on a large scale: 1) certification of green and low carbon hydrogen and a uniform CO2 price; 2) ensuring a level playing field across markets; 3) enabling policies to enhance European security of supply by increasing domestic production and diversifying imports; 4) fast ramping of renewable electricity generation; and 5) coordinated planning of hydrogen, methane, and electricity infrastructures.

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    Oxford Open Energy
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.5445/ir/...
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    Oxford Open Energy
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    Authors: orcid Manfredi Maniscalco;
    Manfredi Maniscalco
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    Manfredi Maniscalco in OpenAIRE
    orcid Sonia Longo;
    Sonia Longo
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    Sonia Longo in OpenAIRE
    Gabriele Miccichè; Maurizio Cellura; +1 Authors

    Bifacial photovoltaic (BPV) panels represent one of the main solar technologies that will be used in the near future for renewable energy production, with a foreseen market share in 2030 of 70% among all the photovoltaic (PV) technologies. Compared to monofacial panels, bifaciality can ensure a gain in energy production per unit panel area together with a competitive cost. However, it is of paramount importance to identify whether there is also an environmental benefit when adopting bifacial technologies as opposed to traditional monofacial ones. To obtain a proper insight into the environmental impact, this paper reviews the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) studies of bifacial solar panels, identifying the most crucial processes and materials that raise environmental burdens. The analysis also contributes to determining whether the major aspects that influence energy production in real operation scenarios and, most of all, that can ensure the gain associated with bifaciality, are considered and how these can further affect the overall environmental impacts. In this sense, it was found that the installation parameters like the mounting structure, or the choice of ground material to raise the albedo as well as the diffuse irradiation that hits the rear surface of thepanel, are commonly not considered during LCA analysis. However, none of the analyzed studies address the issue in a comprehensive way, hampering an effective comparison between both the different works and traditional monofacial PV panels. Recommendations for future LCAs are finally proposed.

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    Authors: orcid Manfredi Maniscalco;
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    Manfredi Maniscalco in OpenAIRE
    orcid Sonia Longo;
    Sonia Longo
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    Sonia Longo in OpenAIRE
    Gabriele Miccichè; Maurizio Cellura; +1 Authors

    Bifacial photovoltaic (BPV) panels represent one of the main solar technologies that will be used in the near future for renewable energy production, with a foreseen market share in 2030 of 70% among all the photovoltaic (PV) technologies. Compared to monofacial panels, bifaciality can ensure a gain in energy production per unit panel area together with a competitive cost. However, it is of paramount importance to identify whether there is also an environmental benefit when adopting bifacial technologies as opposed to traditional monofacial ones. To obtain a proper insight into the environmental impact, this paper reviews the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) studies of bifacial solar panels, identifying the most crucial processes and materials that raise environmental burdens. The analysis also contributes to determining whether the major aspects that influence energy production in real operation scenarios and, most of all, that can ensure the gain associated with bifaciality, are considered and how these can further affect the overall environmental impacts. In this sense, it was found that the installation parameters like the mounting structure, or the choice of ground material to raise the albedo as well as the diffuse irradiation that hits the rear surface of thepanel, are commonly not considered during LCA analysis. However, none of the analyzed studies address the issue in a comprehensive way, hampering an effective comparison between both the different works and traditional monofacial PV panels. Recommendations for future LCAs are finally proposed.

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    Energies
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Energies
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      Energies
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      Energies
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    Authors: orcid bw Giovanni Tumminia;
    Giovanni Tumminia
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    orcid bw Francesco Sergi;
    Francesco Sergi
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    Francesco Sergi in OpenAIRE
    orcid bw Davide Aloisio;
    Davide Aloisio
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    Davide Aloisio in OpenAIRE
    Sonia Longo; +4 Authors

    Although nearly zero energy buildings have attracted growing research attention, literature analysis shows that only a limited number of researches try to couple load match/grid interaction issues and environmental impacts in early design stages. The study proposes a novel multidisciplinary design approach that allows to integrate these two conflicting aspects aiming to find trade-offs. The proposed approach has been applied to a building case study, equipped with a photovoltaics system without energy storage. The results show that even though on yearly basis the energy use (5,290 kWhe) is largely overcome by the on-site energy generation (8069 kWhe), an oversized PV system alone may not be the best solution for reducing the environmental impact of the building sector, besides not being very efficient in improving load match. Afterwards, a parametric analysis was carry out analysing three redesign scenarios, obtained varying the sizes of the PV system and installing different sizes of the storage systems. The results show that the use of storage systems, in addition to decrease the grid dependency, can increase the environmental benefits arising from the renewable energy sources (e.g. there is a decrease of global warming potential of 48%, compared to the base case, with 5.28 kWp PV system and 10 kWh storage system). Conflicting results are found according to specific impact categories and this suggests the need for a holistic approach, including different domains and indicators. In this context, the proposed approach can contribute to the transition toward low-carbon energy technologies, by supporting researches and designers to take environmentally sound considerations.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao CNR ExploRAarrow_drop_down
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    Journal of Building Engineering
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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      Journal of Building Engineering
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: orcid bw Giovanni Tumminia;
    Giovanni Tumminia
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    orcid bw Francesco Sergi;
    Francesco Sergi
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    Francesco Sergi in OpenAIRE
    orcid bw Davide Aloisio;
    Davide Aloisio
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    Davide Aloisio in OpenAIRE
    Sonia Longo; +4 Authors

    Although nearly zero energy buildings have attracted growing research attention, literature analysis shows that only a limited number of researches try to couple load match/grid interaction issues and environmental impacts in early design stages. The study proposes a novel multidisciplinary design approach that allows to integrate these two conflicting aspects aiming to find trade-offs. The proposed approach has been applied to a building case study, equipped with a photovoltaics system without energy storage. The results show that even though on yearly basis the energy use (5,290 kWhe) is largely overcome by the on-site energy generation (8069 kWhe), an oversized PV system alone may not be the best solution for reducing the environmental impact of the building sector, besides not being very efficient in improving load match. Afterwards, a parametric analysis was carry out analysing three redesign scenarios, obtained varying the sizes of the PV system and installing different sizes of the storage systems. The results show that the use of storage systems, in addition to decrease the grid dependency, can increase the environmental benefits arising from the renewable energy sources (e.g. there is a decrease of global warming potential of 48%, compared to the base case, with 5.28 kWp PV system and 10 kWh storage system). Conflicting results are found according to specific impact categories and this suggests the need for a holistic approach, including different domains and indicators. In this context, the proposed approach can contribute to the transition toward low-carbon energy technologies, by supporting researches and designers to take environmentally sound considerations.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao CNR ExploRAarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    CNR ExploRA
    Article . 2021
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    Journal of Building Engineering
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      Journal of Building Engineering
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Coveri, Matteo; orcid Ferraro, Marco;
    Ferraro, Marco
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Ferraro, Marco in OpenAIRE
    orcid bw Massaro, Fabio;
    Massaro, Fabio
    ORCID
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    Massaro, Fabio in OpenAIRE
    orcid bw Sanseverino, Eleonora Riva;
    Sanseverino, Eleonora Riva
    ORCID
    Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositories

    Sanseverino, Eleonora Riva in OpenAIRE
    +1 Authors

    The necessary acceleration of the energy transition has prompted the European Commission and the member states to reflect more carefully on the applicability of innovative solutions in the field of sustainable energy production with a special attention to the different energy carriers and in particular hydrogen. As a matter of fact, the energy transition appears not just as a single route, but rather as a path in a very complex environment of possible choices. Policy makers in the energy field have to understand what is the best choice at all stages of the transition, making investments that will not be completely withdrawn in a few years and considering the true challenges at local level. A second aspect is indeed the involvement of the territories (Regions), that becomes a central element in the energy planning and in the deployment of the Horizon Europe program for the next years. This contribution aims to provide some food for thought for the planning of sustainable energy development in Sicily and, more generally, in Southern Italy in the context of the development of the hydrogen strategy highlighted by the European Strategic Plan in the energy sector, starting from a brief analysis of the national context. In particular, an approximate evaluation of the costs of the green hydrogen produced in Sicily for industrial applications will be made, using an alkaline commercial electrolyser powered by different sizes of photovoltaic systems and considering an on/off operation at full power of the electrolyser, neglecting the compression phase.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao IRIS Cnrarrow_drop_down
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    https://doi.org/10.1109/eeeic/...
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      https://doi.org/10.1109/eeeic/...
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Coveri, Matteo; orcid Ferraro, Marco;
    Ferraro, Marco
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Ferraro, Marco in OpenAIRE
    orcid bw Massaro, Fabio;
    Massaro, Fabio
    ORCID
    Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositories

    Massaro, Fabio in OpenAIRE
    orcid bw Sanseverino, Eleonora Riva;
    Sanseverino, Eleonora Riva
    ORCID
    Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositories

    Sanseverino, Eleonora Riva in OpenAIRE
    +1 Authors

    The necessary acceleration of the energy transition has prompted the European Commission and the member states to reflect more carefully on the applicability of innovative solutions in the field of sustainable energy production with a special attention to the different energy carriers and in particular hydrogen. As a matter of fact, the energy transition appears not just as a single route, but rather as a path in a very complex environment of possible choices. Policy makers in the energy field have to understand what is the best choice at all stages of the transition, making investments that will not be completely withdrawn in a few years and considering the true challenges at local level. A second aspect is indeed the involvement of the territories (Regions), that becomes a central element in the energy planning and in the deployment of the Horizon Europe program for the next years. This contribution aims to provide some food for thought for the planning of sustainable energy development in Sicily and, more generally, in Southern Italy in the context of the development of the hydrogen strategy highlighted by the European Strategic Plan in the energy sector, starting from a brief analysis of the national context. In particular, an approximate evaluation of the costs of the green hydrogen produced in Sicily for industrial applications will be made, using an alkaline commercial electrolyser powered by different sizes of photovoltaic systems and considering an on/off operation at full power of the electrolyser, neglecting the compression phase.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao IRIS Cnrarrow_drop_down
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    https://doi.org/10.1109/eeeic/...
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      https://doi.org/10.1109/eeeic/...
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: orcid bw LONGO, Sonia;
    LONGO, Sonia
    ORCID
    Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositories

    LONGO, Sonia in OpenAIRE
    orcid bw CELLURA, Maurizio;
    CELLURA, Maurizio
    ORCID
    Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositories

    CELLURA, Maurizio in OpenAIRE
    orcid bw GUARINO, Francesco;
    GUARINO, Francesco
    ORCID
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    GUARINO, Francesco in OpenAIRE
    orcid Ferraro, M;
    Ferraro, M
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Ferraro, M in OpenAIRE
    +2 Authors

    An analysis of the LCA studies applied to SOFC and PEFC has been carried out. The literature review showed a low availability of LCA studies applied to SOFCs and PEMFCs, especially with reference to the second technology. The review allowed identifying the life-cycle steps and the FC components that are responsible of the higher impacts, both for SOFCs and PEMFC. In addition, it revealed that some of the key element that influences the environmental impacts of FCs are the efficiency of the system, the type of fuel used, the electricity mix used during the manufacturing step, the end-of-life of the FCs (e.g., recycling).

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao IRIS Cnrarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0...
    Part of book or chapter of book . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    IRIS Cnr
    Part of book or chapter of book . 2017
    Data sources: IRIS Cnr
    CNR ExploRA
    Part of book or chapter of book . 2017
    Data sources: CNR ExploRA
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao IRIS Cnrarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0...
      Part of book or chapter of book . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Elsevier TDM
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      Part of book or chapter of book . 2017
      Data sources: IRIS Cnr
      CNR ExploRA
      Part of book or chapter of book . 2017
      Data sources: CNR ExploRA
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: orcid bw LONGO, Sonia;
    LONGO, Sonia
    ORCID
    Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositories

    LONGO, Sonia in OpenAIRE
    orcid bw CELLURA, Maurizio;
    CELLURA, Maurizio
    ORCID
    Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositories

    CELLURA, Maurizio in OpenAIRE
    orcid bw GUARINO, Francesco;
    GUARINO, Francesco
    ORCID
    Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositories

    GUARINO, Francesco in OpenAIRE
    orcid Ferraro, M;
    Ferraro, M
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Ferraro, M in OpenAIRE
    +2 Authors

    An analysis of the LCA studies applied to SOFC and PEFC has been carried out. The literature review showed a low availability of LCA studies applied to SOFCs and PEMFCs, especially with reference to the second technology. The review allowed identifying the life-cycle steps and the FC components that are responsible of the higher impacts, both for SOFCs and PEMFC. In addition, it revealed that some of the key element that influences the environmental impacts of FCs are the efficiency of the system, the type of fuel used, the electricity mix used during the manufacturing step, the end-of-life of the FCs (e.g., recycling).

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao IRIS Cnrarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0...
    Part of book or chapter of book . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    IRIS Cnr
    Part of book or chapter of book . 2017
    Data sources: IRIS Cnr
    CNR ExploRA
    Part of book or chapter of book . 2017
    Data sources: CNR ExploRA
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    citations1
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao IRIS Cnrarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0...
      Part of book or chapter of book . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Elsevier TDM
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      IRIS Cnr
      Part of book or chapter of book . 2017
      Data sources: IRIS Cnr
      CNR ExploRA
      Part of book or chapter of book . 2017
      Data sources: CNR ExploRA
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