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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Nick Watts; W. Neil Adger; Sonja Ayeb‐Karlsson; Yuqi Bai; +44 Authors

    The Lancet Countdown : le suivi des progrès en matière de santé et de changement climatique est une collaboration de recherche internationale et multidisciplinaire entre des établissements universitaires et des praticiens du monde entier. Il fait suite aux travaux de la Commission Lancet de 2015, qui a conclu que la réponse au changement climatique pourrait être « la plus grande opportunité de santé mondiale du XXIe siècle ». Le compte à rebours du Lancet vise à suivre les impacts sur la santé des risques climatiques ; la résilience et l'adaptation en matière de santé ; les co-bénéfices pour la santé de l'atténuation du changement climatique ; l'économie et la finance ; et l'engagement politique et plus large. Ces domaines d'intervention forment les cinq groupes de travail thématiques du Lancet Countdown et représentent différents aspects de l'association complexe entre la santé et le changement climatique. Ces groupes thématiques fourniront des indicateurs pour une vue d'ensemble mondiale de la santé et du changement climatique ; des études de cas nationales mettant en évidence les pays qui ouvrent la voie ou vont à l'encontre de la tendance ; et un engagement avec un éventail de parties prenantes. Le compte à rebours du Lancet vise finalement à rendre compte chaque année d'une série d'indicateurs dans ces cinq groupes de travail. Ce document décrit les indicateurs potentiels et les domaines d'indicateurs à suivre par la collaboration, avec des suggestions sur les méthodologies et les ensembles de données disponibles pour atteindre cet objectif. Les domaines d'indicateurs proposés doivent être affinés et marquent le début d'un processus de consultation en cours - de novembre 2016 au début de 2017 - pour développer ces domaines, identifier les domaines clés non couverts actuellement et modifier les indicateurs si nécessaire. Cette collaboration cherchera activement à s'engager dans les processus de suivi existants, tels que les objectifs de développement durable des Nations Unies et les profils de pays de l'OMS en matière de climat et de santé. Les indicateurs évolueront également au fil du temps grâce à une collaboration continue avec des experts et un éventail de parties prenantes, et dépendront de l'émergence de nouvelles preuves et connaissances. Au cours de ses travaux, le Lancet Countdown adoptera un processus collaboratif et itératif, qui vise à compléter les initiatives existantes, à accueillir l'engagement avec de nouveaux partenaires et à être ouvert au développement de nouveaux projets de recherche sur la santé et le changement climatique. The Lancet Countdown: tracking progress on health and climate change es una colaboración de investigación internacional y multidisciplinaria entre instituciones académicas y profesionales de todo el mundo. Sigue el trabajo de la Comisión Lancet de 2015, que concluyó que la respuesta al cambio climático podría ser "la mayor oportunidad de salud global del siglo XXI". The Lancet Countdown tiene como objetivo realizar un seguimiento de los impactos en la salud de los peligros climáticos; la resiliencia y la adaptación a la salud; los beneficios colaterales para la salud de la mitigación del cambio climático; la economía y las finanzas; y el compromiso político y más amplio. Estas áreas de enfoque forman los cinco grupos de trabajo temáticos de The Lancet Countdown y representan diferentes aspectos de la compleja asociación entre la salud y el cambio climático. Estos grupos temáticos proporcionarán indicadores para una visión global de la salud y el cambio climático; estudios de casos nacionales que destacan a los países que lideran el camino o van en contra de la tendencia; y el compromiso con una variedad de partes interesadas. En última instancia, The Lancet Countdown tiene como objetivo informar anualmente sobre una serie de indicadores en estos cinco grupos de trabajo. Este documento describe los posibles indicadores y dominios de indicadores a ser rastreados por la colaboración, con sugerencias sobre las metodologías y conjuntos de datos disponibles para lograr este fin. Los dominios de indicadores propuestos requieren un mayor refinamiento y marcan el comienzo de un proceso de consulta continuo, desde noviembre de 2016 hasta principios de 2017, para desarrollar estos dominios, identificar áreas clave que actualmente no están cubiertas y cambiar los indicadores cuando sea necesario. Esta colaboración buscará activamente involucrarse con los procesos de monitoreo existentes, como los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible de la ONU y LOS perfiles climáticos y de salud de los países de la OMS. Los indicadores también evolucionarán con el tiempo a través de la colaboración continua con expertos y una variedad de partes interesadas, y dependerán de la aparición de nuevas pruebas y conocimientos. Durante el transcurso de su trabajo, The Lancet Countdown adoptará un proceso colaborativo e iterativo, que tiene como objetivo complementar las iniciativas existentes, dar la bienvenida al compromiso con nuevos socios y estar abierto al desarrollo de nuevos proyectos de investigación sobre salud y cambio climático. The Lancet Countdown: tracking progress on health and climate change is an international, multidisciplinary research collaboration between academic institutions and practitioners across the world. It follows on from the work of the 2015 Lancet Commission, which concluded that the response to climate change could be "the greatest global health opportunity of the 21st century". The Lancet Countdown aims to track the health impacts of climate hazards; health resilience and adaptation; health co-benefits of climate change mitigation; economics and finance; and political and broader engagement. These focus areas form the five thematic working groups of the Lancet Countdown and represent different aspects of the complex association between health and climate change. These thematic groups will provide indicators for a global overview of health and climate change; national case studies highlighting countries leading the way or going against the trend; and engagement with a range of stakeholders. The Lancet Countdown ultimately aims to report annually on a series of indicators across these five working groups. This paper outlines the potential indicators and indicator domains to be tracked by the collaboration, with suggestions on the methodologies and datasets available to achieve this end. The proposed indicator domains require further refinement, and mark the beginning of an ongoing consultation process-from November, 2016 to early 2017-to develop these domains, identify key areas not currently covered, and change indicators where necessary. This collaboration will actively seek to engage with existing monitoring processes, such as the UN Sustainable Development Goals and WHO's climate and health country profiles. The indicators will also evolve over time through ongoing collaboration with experts and a range of stakeholders, and be dependent on the emergence of new evidence and knowledge. During the course of its work, the Lancet Countdown will adopt a collaborative and iterative process, which aims to complement existing initiatives, welcome engagement with new partners, and be open to developing new research projects on health and climate change. العد التنازلي لمجلة لانسيت: تتبع التقدم المحرز في مجال الصحة وتغير المناخ هو تعاون بحثي دولي متعدد التخصصات بين المؤسسات الأكاديمية والممارسين في جميع أنحاء العالم. ويتبع ذلك عمل لجنة لانسيت لعام 2015، التي خلصت إلى أن الاستجابة لتغير المناخ يمكن أن تكون "أعظم فرصة صحية عالمية في القرن الحادي والعشرين". يهدف العد التنازلي لمجلة لانسيت إلى تتبع الآثار الصحية للمخاطر المناخية ؛ والمرونة الصحية والتكيف ؛ والفوائد الصحية المشتركة للتخفيف من آثار تغير المناخ ؛ والاقتصاد والتمويل ؛ والمشاركة السياسية والأوسع نطاقًا. تشكل مجالات التركيز هذه مجموعات العمل المواضيعية الخمسة للعد التنازلي لمجلة لانسيت وتمثل جوانب مختلفة من الارتباط المعقد بين الصحة وتغير المناخ. وستوفر هذه المجموعات المواضيعية مؤشرات لإلقاء نظرة عامة عالمية على الصحة وتغير المناخ ؛ ودراسات حالة وطنية تسلط الضوء على البلدان التي تقود الطريق أو تسير عكس الاتجاه ؛ والمشاركة مع مجموعة من أصحاب المصلحة. يهدف العد التنازلي لمجلة لانسيت في نهاية المطاف إلى تقديم تقرير سنوي عن سلسلة من المؤشرات عبر مجموعات العمل الخمس هذه. تحدد هذه الورقة المؤشرات المحتملة ومجالات المؤشرات التي سيتم تتبعها من خلال التعاون، مع اقتراحات حول المنهجيات ومجموعات البيانات المتاحة لتحقيق هذه الغاية. تتطلب مجالات المؤشرات المقترحة مزيدًا من التنقيح، وتمثل بداية عملية تشاور مستمرة - من نوفمبر 2016 إلى أوائل 2017 - لتطوير هذه المجالات، وتحديد المجالات الرئيسية غير المشمولة حاليًا، وتغيير المؤشرات عند الضرورة. سيسعى هذا التعاون بنشاط إلى المشاركة في عمليات الرصد القائمة، مثل أهداف الأمم المتحدة للتنمية المستدامة والملامح القطرية للمناخ والصحة لمنظمة الصحة العالمية. ستتطور المؤشرات أيضًا بمرور الوقت من خلال التعاون المستمر مع الخبراء ومجموعة من أصحاب المصلحة، وستعتمد على ظهور أدلة ومعارف جديدة. خلال عملها، سيعتمد العد التنازلي لمجلة لانسيت عملية تعاونية وتكرارية، تهدف إلى استكمال المبادرات الحالية، والترحيب بالمشاركة مع شركاء جدد، والانفتاح على تطوير مشاريع بحثية جديدة حول الصحة وتغير المناخ.

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    The Lancet
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    UCL Discovery
    Article . 2016
    Data sources: UCL Discovery
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    The Lancet
    Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/cz...
    Other literature type . 2017
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/9b...
    Other literature type . 2017
    Data sources: Datacite
    The Lancet
    Article . 2018
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Simon L. Lewis; Edward T. A. Mitchard; Colin Prentice; Mark Maslin; +1 Authors

    Bastin et al . (Reports, 5 July 2019, p. 76) state that the restoration potential of new forests globally is 205 gigatonnes of carbon, conclude that “global tree restoration is our most effective climate change solution to date,” and state that climate change will drive the loss of 450 million hectares of existing tropical forest by 2050. Here we show that these three statements are incorrect.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Sciencearrow_drop_down
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    UCL Discovery
    Article . 2019
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    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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    Science
    Article . 2019
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      UCL Discovery
      Article . 2019
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    Authors: VJ Ettwein; Chris D. Jones; Richard Betts; Peter M. Cox; +3 Authors

    Modelling simulations of palaeoclimate and past vegetation form and function can contribute to global change research by constraining predictions of potential earth system responses to future warming, and by providing useful insights into the ecophysiological tolerances and threshold responses of plants to varying degrees of atmospheric change. We contrasted HadCM3LC simulations of Amazonian forest at the last glacial maximum (LGM; 21 kyr ago) and a Younger Dryas–like period (13–12 kyr ago) with predicted responses of future warming to provide estimates of the climatic limits under which the Amazon forest remains relatively stable. Our simulations indicate that despite lower atmospheric CO2concentrations and increased aridity during the LGM, Amazonia remains mostly forested, and that the cooling climate of the Younger Dryas–like period in fact causes a trend towardincreasedabove–ground carbon balance relative to today. The vegetation feedbacks responsible for maintaining forest integrity in past climates (i.e. decreased evapotranspiration and reduced plant respiration) cannot be maintained into the future. Although elevated atmospheric CO2contributes to a positive enhancement of plant carbon and water balance, decreased stomatal conductance and increased plant and soil respiration cause a positive feedback that amplifies localized drying and climate warming. We speculate that the Amazonian forest is currently near its critical resiliency threshold, and that even minor climate warming may be sufficient to promote deleterious feedbacks on forest integrity.

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    Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences
    Article . 2004 . Peer-reviewed
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      Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences
      Article . 2004 . Peer-reviewed
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  • Authors: C Levy; Susan F Crane; Mark A. Maslin; Judith Stephenson;

    Global health, population growth, economic development, environmental degradation, and climate change are the main challenges we face in the 21st century. However, because the academics, non-governmental organisations, and policy makers in these specialties work within separate communities, our understanding of the associations between them is restricted. We organised an international symposium in May, 2011 in London, UK, for academics and technical experts from population, developmental, and environmental science to encourage debate and collaboration between these disciplines. The conference provided the impetus for this Review, which describes, in historical context, key events and fundamental intercommunity debates from the perspectives of population, development, and climate change communities. We consider the interconnections between population, development, and climate change and their effects on health, including new analysis of longstanding debates, and identify opportunities for effective collaboration on shared goals.

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    Authors: M. A. Maslin;

    Abstract Understanding anthropogenic climate change is essential for anyone working in the life sciences. Firstly because climate change has already started to impact the Earth biosphere and human health and these changes need to be documented and acknowledged. Secondly, many of the solutions to climate change, both mitigation and adaptation, will be through the life sciences, everything from massive reforestation and sustainable agriculture to preventing the spread of disease and protecting individual human health. Anthropogenic climate change is, therefore, one of the defining challenges of the 21st century, along with poverty alleviation, environmental degradation and global security. Climate change is no longer just a scientific concern but encompasses economics, sociology, geopolitics, national and local politics, law and health to name a few. Hence, to understand climate change fully then not only does one have to review the science but also the politics and geopolitics, which have created the issue and can provide the solutions. Climate change ultimately makes us examine the whole basis of modern society and ultimately asks questions about humanity's relationship with the rest of the planet.

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    Emerging Topics in Life Sciences
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    Authors: Mark A. Maslin; Patrick Austin;

    Estimates of climate-change impacts will get less, rather than more, certain. But this should not excuse inaction, say Mark Maslin and Patrick Austin.

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    Authors: Mark Maslin; Livia Van Heerde; Simon Day;

    AbstractSulfur in the form of sulfuric acid is a crucial part of our modern industrial society. It is required for the production of phosphorus fertiliser and manufacturing lightweight electric motors and high‐performance lithium‐ion batteries. Over 246 million tonnes of sulfuric acid are used annually. Rapid growth in the green economy and intensive agriculture could see demand increase to over 400 million tonnes by 2040. Today over 80% of the global sulfur supply comes from desulfurisation of fossil fuels to reduce emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) gas. Decarbonisation of the global economy to deal with climate change will greatly reduce the production of fossil fuels. This will create a shortfall in the annual supply of sulfuric acid of between 100 and 320 million tonnes by 2040, depending on how quickly decarbonisation occurs. Unless action is taken to reduce the need for sulfuric acid, a massive increase in environmentally damaging mining will be required to fill this resource demand.

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    Geographical Journal
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    UCL Discovery
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    Authors: Watts, N.; Adger, W.N.; Agnolucci, P.; Blackstock, J.; +41 Authors

    The 2015 Lancet Commission on Health and Climate Change has been formed to map out the impacts of climate change, and the necessary policy responses, in order to ensure the highest attainable stand ...

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    Article . 2015
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    The Lancet
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    Authors: Martin H. Trauth; Walter Düsing; Asfawossen Asrat; Asfawossen Asrat; +14 Authors

    Significance Our results identify the prime driver of climate variation in Africa’s low latitudes over the past 620 ky—the key time frame for the evolution of our species. Warming and cooling of the tropical Pacific Ocean paced by insolation changes modulated the tropical Walker circulation, driving opposing wet–dry states in eastern and western Africa. We show that the effects of glacial/interglacial cycles were not the predominant source of environmental change in most of the continent. Africa’s environmental patchwork driven by low-latitude climate processes should therefore be a critical component in conceptual models of human evolution and early demography over the past 620 ky.

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    https://doi.org/10.5194/egusph...
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      https://doi.org/10.5194/egusph...
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    Authors: Mark A. Maslin; Joanne Scott;

    International agreements are not enough. Interlinked national and regional tools are also needed to reduce carbon emissions, say Mark Maslin and Joanne Scott.

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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Nature
      Article . 2011 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Springer Nature TDM
      Data sources: Crossref
      Nature
      Article . 2011
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Nick Watts; W. Neil Adger; Sonja Ayeb‐Karlsson; Yuqi Bai; +44 Authors

    The Lancet Countdown : le suivi des progrès en matière de santé et de changement climatique est une collaboration de recherche internationale et multidisciplinaire entre des établissements universitaires et des praticiens du monde entier. Il fait suite aux travaux de la Commission Lancet de 2015, qui a conclu que la réponse au changement climatique pourrait être « la plus grande opportunité de santé mondiale du XXIe siècle ». Le compte à rebours du Lancet vise à suivre les impacts sur la santé des risques climatiques ; la résilience et l'adaptation en matière de santé ; les co-bénéfices pour la santé de l'atténuation du changement climatique ; l'économie et la finance ; et l'engagement politique et plus large. Ces domaines d'intervention forment les cinq groupes de travail thématiques du Lancet Countdown et représentent différents aspects de l'association complexe entre la santé et le changement climatique. Ces groupes thématiques fourniront des indicateurs pour une vue d'ensemble mondiale de la santé et du changement climatique ; des études de cas nationales mettant en évidence les pays qui ouvrent la voie ou vont à l'encontre de la tendance ; et un engagement avec un éventail de parties prenantes. Le compte à rebours du Lancet vise finalement à rendre compte chaque année d'une série d'indicateurs dans ces cinq groupes de travail. Ce document décrit les indicateurs potentiels et les domaines d'indicateurs à suivre par la collaboration, avec des suggestions sur les méthodologies et les ensembles de données disponibles pour atteindre cet objectif. Les domaines d'indicateurs proposés doivent être affinés et marquent le début d'un processus de consultation en cours - de novembre 2016 au début de 2017 - pour développer ces domaines, identifier les domaines clés non couverts actuellement et modifier les indicateurs si nécessaire. Cette collaboration cherchera activement à s'engager dans les processus de suivi existants, tels que les objectifs de développement durable des Nations Unies et les profils de pays de l'OMS en matière de climat et de santé. Les indicateurs évolueront également au fil du temps grâce à une collaboration continue avec des experts et un éventail de parties prenantes, et dépendront de l'émergence de nouvelles preuves et connaissances. Au cours de ses travaux, le Lancet Countdown adoptera un processus collaboratif et itératif, qui vise à compléter les initiatives existantes, à accueillir l'engagement avec de nouveaux partenaires et à être ouvert au développement de nouveaux projets de recherche sur la santé et le changement climatique. The Lancet Countdown: tracking progress on health and climate change es una colaboración de investigación internacional y multidisciplinaria entre instituciones académicas y profesionales de todo el mundo. Sigue el trabajo de la Comisión Lancet de 2015, que concluyó que la respuesta al cambio climático podría ser "la mayor oportunidad de salud global del siglo XXI". The Lancet Countdown tiene como objetivo realizar un seguimiento de los impactos en la salud de los peligros climáticos; la resiliencia y la adaptación a la salud; los beneficios colaterales para la salud de la mitigación del cambio climático; la economía y las finanzas; y el compromiso político y más amplio. Estas áreas de enfoque forman los cinco grupos de trabajo temáticos de The Lancet Countdown y representan diferentes aspectos de la compleja asociación entre la salud y el cambio climático. Estos grupos temáticos proporcionarán indicadores para una visión global de la salud y el cambio climático; estudios de casos nacionales que destacan a los países que lideran el camino o van en contra de la tendencia; y el compromiso con una variedad de partes interesadas. En última instancia, The Lancet Countdown tiene como objetivo informar anualmente sobre una serie de indicadores en estos cinco grupos de trabajo. Este documento describe los posibles indicadores y dominios de indicadores a ser rastreados por la colaboración, con sugerencias sobre las metodologías y conjuntos de datos disponibles para lograr este fin. Los dominios de indicadores propuestos requieren un mayor refinamiento y marcan el comienzo de un proceso de consulta continuo, desde noviembre de 2016 hasta principios de 2017, para desarrollar estos dominios, identificar áreas clave que actualmente no están cubiertas y cambiar los indicadores cuando sea necesario. Esta colaboración buscará activamente involucrarse con los procesos de monitoreo existentes, como los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible de la ONU y LOS perfiles climáticos y de salud de los países de la OMS. Los indicadores también evolucionarán con el tiempo a través de la colaboración continua con expertos y una variedad de partes interesadas, y dependerán de la aparición de nuevas pruebas y conocimientos. Durante el transcurso de su trabajo, The Lancet Countdown adoptará un proceso colaborativo e iterativo, que tiene como objetivo complementar las iniciativas existentes, dar la bienvenida al compromiso con nuevos socios y estar abierto al desarrollo de nuevos proyectos de investigación sobre salud y cambio climático. The Lancet Countdown: tracking progress on health and climate change is an international, multidisciplinary research collaboration between academic institutions and practitioners across the world. It follows on from the work of the 2015 Lancet Commission, which concluded that the response to climate change could be "the greatest global health opportunity of the 21st century". The Lancet Countdown aims to track the health impacts of climate hazards; health resilience and adaptation; health co-benefits of climate change mitigation; economics and finance; and political and broader engagement. These focus areas form the five thematic working groups of the Lancet Countdown and represent different aspects of the complex association between health and climate change. These thematic groups will provide indicators for a global overview of health and climate change; national case studies highlighting countries leading the way or going against the trend; and engagement with a range of stakeholders. The Lancet Countdown ultimately aims to report annually on a series of indicators across these five working groups. This paper outlines the potential indicators and indicator domains to be tracked by the collaboration, with suggestions on the methodologies and datasets available to achieve this end. The proposed indicator domains require further refinement, and mark the beginning of an ongoing consultation process-from November, 2016 to early 2017-to develop these domains, identify key areas not currently covered, and change indicators where necessary. This collaboration will actively seek to engage with existing monitoring processes, such as the UN Sustainable Development Goals and WHO's climate and health country profiles. The indicators will also evolve over time through ongoing collaboration with experts and a range of stakeholders, and be dependent on the emergence of new evidence and knowledge. During the course of its work, the Lancet Countdown will adopt a collaborative and iterative process, which aims to complement existing initiatives, welcome engagement with new partners, and be open to developing new research projects on health and climate change. العد التنازلي لمجلة لانسيت: تتبع التقدم المحرز في مجال الصحة وتغير المناخ هو تعاون بحثي دولي متعدد التخصصات بين المؤسسات الأكاديمية والممارسين في جميع أنحاء العالم. ويتبع ذلك عمل لجنة لانسيت لعام 2015، التي خلصت إلى أن الاستجابة لتغير المناخ يمكن أن تكون "أعظم فرصة صحية عالمية في القرن الحادي والعشرين". يهدف العد التنازلي لمجلة لانسيت إلى تتبع الآثار الصحية للمخاطر المناخية ؛ والمرونة الصحية والتكيف ؛ والفوائد الصحية المشتركة للتخفيف من آثار تغير المناخ ؛ والاقتصاد والتمويل ؛ والمشاركة السياسية والأوسع نطاقًا. تشكل مجالات التركيز هذه مجموعات العمل المواضيعية الخمسة للعد التنازلي لمجلة لانسيت وتمثل جوانب مختلفة من الارتباط المعقد بين الصحة وتغير المناخ. وستوفر هذه المجموعات المواضيعية مؤشرات لإلقاء نظرة عامة عالمية على الصحة وتغير المناخ ؛ ودراسات حالة وطنية تسلط الضوء على البلدان التي تقود الطريق أو تسير عكس الاتجاه ؛ والمشاركة مع مجموعة من أصحاب المصلحة. يهدف العد التنازلي لمجلة لانسيت في نهاية المطاف إلى تقديم تقرير سنوي عن سلسلة من المؤشرات عبر مجموعات العمل الخمس هذه. تحدد هذه الورقة المؤشرات المحتملة ومجالات المؤشرات التي سيتم تتبعها من خلال التعاون، مع اقتراحات حول المنهجيات ومجموعات البيانات المتاحة لتحقيق هذه الغاية. تتطلب مجالات المؤشرات المقترحة مزيدًا من التنقيح، وتمثل بداية عملية تشاور مستمرة - من نوفمبر 2016 إلى أوائل 2017 - لتطوير هذه المجالات، وتحديد المجالات الرئيسية غير المشمولة حاليًا، وتغيير المؤشرات عند الضرورة. سيسعى هذا التعاون بنشاط إلى المشاركة في عمليات الرصد القائمة، مثل أهداف الأمم المتحدة للتنمية المستدامة والملامح القطرية للمناخ والصحة لمنظمة الصحة العالمية. ستتطور المؤشرات أيضًا بمرور الوقت من خلال التعاون المستمر مع الخبراء ومجموعة من أصحاب المصلحة، وستعتمد على ظهور أدلة ومعارف جديدة. خلال عملها، سيعتمد العد التنازلي لمجلة لانسيت عملية تعاونية وتكرارية، تهدف إلى استكمال المبادرات الحالية، والترحيب بالمشاركة مع شركاء جدد، والانفتاح على تطوير مشاريع بحثية جديدة حول الصحة وتغير المناخ.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ COREarrow_drop_down
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    The Lancet
    Article
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    UCL Discovery
    Article . 2016
    Data sources: UCL Discovery
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    The Lancet
    Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/cz...
    Other literature type . 2017
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/9b...
    Other literature type . 2017
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    The Lancet
    Article . 2018
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Simon L. Lewis; Edward T. A. Mitchard; Colin Prentice; Mark Maslin; +1 Authors

    Bastin et al . (Reports, 5 July 2019, p. 76) state that the restoration potential of new forests globally is 205 gigatonnes of carbon, conclude that “global tree restoration is our most effective climate change solution to date,” and state that climate change will drive the loss of 450 million hectares of existing tropical forest by 2050. Here we show that these three statements are incorrect.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Sciencearrow_drop_down
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    UCL Discovery
    Article . 2019
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    Science
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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    Science
    Article . 2019
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      UCL Discovery
      Article . 2019
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      Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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      Article . 2019
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    Authors: VJ Ettwein; Chris D. Jones; Richard Betts; Peter M. Cox; +3 Authors

    Modelling simulations of palaeoclimate and past vegetation form and function can contribute to global change research by constraining predictions of potential earth system responses to future warming, and by providing useful insights into the ecophysiological tolerances and threshold responses of plants to varying degrees of atmospheric change. We contrasted HadCM3LC simulations of Amazonian forest at the last glacial maximum (LGM; 21 kyr ago) and a Younger Dryas–like period (13–12 kyr ago) with predicted responses of future warming to provide estimates of the climatic limits under which the Amazon forest remains relatively stable. Our simulations indicate that despite lower atmospheric CO2concentrations and increased aridity during the LGM, Amazonia remains mostly forested, and that the cooling climate of the Younger Dryas–like period in fact causes a trend towardincreasedabove–ground carbon balance relative to today. The vegetation feedbacks responsible for maintaining forest integrity in past climates (i.e. decreased evapotranspiration and reduced plant respiration) cannot be maintained into the future. Although elevated atmospheric CO2contributes to a positive enhancement of plant carbon and water balance, decreased stomatal conductance and increased plant and soil respiration cause a positive feedback that amplifies localized drying and climate warming. We speculate that the Amazonian forest is currently near its critical resiliency threshold, and that even minor climate warming may be sufficient to promote deleterious feedbacks on forest integrity.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Philosophical Transa...arrow_drop_down
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    Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences
    Article . 2004 . Peer-reviewed
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      Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences
      Article . 2004 . Peer-reviewed
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  • Authors: C Levy; Susan F Crane; Mark A. Maslin; Judith Stephenson;

    Global health, population growth, economic development, environmental degradation, and climate change are the main challenges we face in the 21st century. However, because the academics, non-governmental organisations, and policy makers in these specialties work within separate communities, our understanding of the associations between them is restricted. We organised an international symposium in May, 2011 in London, UK, for academics and technical experts from population, developmental, and environmental science to encourage debate and collaboration between these disciplines. The conference provided the impetus for this Review, which describes, in historical context, key events and fundamental intercommunity debates from the perspectives of population, development, and climate change communities. We consider the interconnections between population, development, and climate change and their effects on health, including new analysis of longstanding debates, and identify opportunities for effective collaboration on shared goals.

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    Authors: M. A. Maslin;

    Abstract Understanding anthropogenic climate change is essential for anyone working in the life sciences. Firstly because climate change has already started to impact the Earth biosphere and human health and these changes need to be documented and acknowledged. Secondly, many of the solutions to climate change, both mitigation and adaptation, will be through the life sciences, everything from massive reforestation and sustainable agriculture to preventing the spread of disease and protecting individual human health. Anthropogenic climate change is, therefore, one of the defining challenges of the 21st century, along with poverty alleviation, environmental degradation and global security. Climate change is no longer just a scientific concern but encompasses economics, sociology, geopolitics, national and local politics, law and health to name a few. Hence, to understand climate change fully then not only does one have to review the science but also the politics and geopolitics, which have created the issue and can provide the solutions. Climate change ultimately makes us examine the whole basis of modern society and ultimately asks questions about humanity's relationship with the rest of the planet.

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    UCL Discovery
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    Emerging Topics in Life Sciences
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      Emerging Topics in Life Sciences
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    Authors: Mark A. Maslin; Patrick Austin;

    Estimates of climate-change impacts will get less, rather than more, certain. But this should not excuse inaction, say Mark Maslin and Patrick Austin.

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    Authors: Mark Maslin; Livia Van Heerde; Simon Day;

    AbstractSulfur in the form of sulfuric acid is a crucial part of our modern industrial society. It is required for the production of phosphorus fertiliser and manufacturing lightweight electric motors and high‐performance lithium‐ion batteries. Over 246 million tonnes of sulfuric acid are used annually. Rapid growth in the green economy and intensive agriculture could see demand increase to over 400 million tonnes by 2040. Today over 80% of the global sulfur supply comes from desulfurisation of fossil fuels to reduce emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) gas. Decarbonisation of the global economy to deal with climate change will greatly reduce the production of fossil fuels. This will create a shortfall in the annual supply of sulfuric acid of between 100 and 320 million tonnes by 2040, depending on how quickly decarbonisation occurs. Unless action is taken to reduce the need for sulfuric acid, a massive increase in environmentally damaging mining will be required to fill this resource demand.

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    Geographical Journal
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    UCL Discovery
    Article . 2022
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    Authors: Watts, N.; Adger, W.N.; Agnolucci, P.; Blackstock, J.; +41 Authors

    The 2015 Lancet Commission on Health and Climate Change has been formed to map out the impacts of climate change, and the necessary policy responses, in order to ensure the highest attainable stand ...

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    The Lancet
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    UCL Discovery
    Article . 2015
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    The Lancet
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    Authors: Martin H. Trauth; Walter Düsing; Asfawossen Asrat; Asfawossen Asrat; +14 Authors

    Significance Our results identify the prime driver of climate variation in Africa’s low latitudes over the past 620 ky—the key time frame for the evolution of our species. Warming and cooling of the tropical Pacific Ocean paced by insolation changes modulated the tropical Walker circulation, driving opposing wet–dry states in eastern and western Africa. We show that the effects of glacial/interglacial cycles were not the predominant source of environmental change in most of the continent. Africa’s environmental patchwork driven by low-latitude climate processes should therefore be a critical component in conceptual models of human evolution and early demography over the past 620 ky.

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    https://doi.org/10.5194/egusph...
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      https://doi.org/10.5194/egusph...
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    Authors: Mark A. Maslin; Joanne Scott;

    International agreements are not enough. Interlinked national and regional tools are also needed to reduce carbon emissions, say Mark Maslin and Joanne Scott.

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      Nature
      Article
      Data sources: UnpayWall
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Nature
      Article . 2011 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Springer Nature TDM
      Data sources: Crossref
      Nature
      Article . 2011
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      This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

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