• Energy Research

In this study, it was calculated energy and exergy analysis of a lime production for the fluidized bed boiler by a case of sugar factory. The aim of this study is to show calculation of the energy and exergy analysis of a lime production for the fluidized bed boiler, and to determine a lime mass quantity for the factory process. This factory is a sugar factory that has got many heat processes for the sugar raw filtration and defection. The production of lime mass was found 1.2973 [kg/s]. The production of lime (CaO) energy result was found 4121.92 [kW] and exergy result was found 2766.97 [kW]. Energy (CaO) quality was found 0.671.

This study posed parameters effects to the PEM fuel cell performance by an experimental work. The aim of this study is to investigate performance effects of PEM fuel cells and to optimize water conditions as well as fuel cell performance. Platinum-plated catalyzed anode performance was demonstrated for the micro-scale modeling by experimental study in PEM fuel cell. Therefore, time dependent voltage and current parameter changes were observed for the performance analysis in the experimental study. PEM fuel cell was enhanced by adjusting the anode plate, air feed pump and hydrogen fuel quantities. This study is to determine about optimizing some parameters pressure, flow rate, voltage for the fuel cell performance. The result of this study was found to be 2.62 x 10-7 [kg/s] average of water production and generated 42.5 [kJ] H2 energy. In conclusion, performance efficiency was found to be around 52%. These results demonstrated that water production was also very significant for the PEM fuel cell durability. PEM fuel cell energy efficiency increases while the mass flow is in a certain range and under pressure atmospheric conditions.

Abstract This study presents the optimisation processes of energy efficiency for a drying plant. The scope of this study was to find the optimum energy and exergy efficiencies for the drying plant (production of bulgur). First, mass and energy data were obtained from tests at drying plants. The exergy was analysed based on these data using the first and second laws of thermodynamics. These results were optimised by the changing mass and energy (temperature etc.) balance based on food guidance processes. This paper showed that the optimisation of the mass and energy balance increased the current energy and exergy efficiencies. Uncertainty analysis was also used for the data accuracy. In conclusion, the current drying process energy and exergy efficiencies were 24.95% and 44.05%, and the optimised drying process energy and exergy efficiencies were 35.40% and 63.20%. Therefore, the optimised process is more efficient than the current process. A techno-economic analysis was also researched for this study.

AbstractHydrogen production through an alkaline electrolyzer as well as a techno‐economic and enviro‐economic analysis are presented. The proposal of this innovative study is to generate hydrogen gas energy from an alkaline electrolyzer energy system. The prototype of this alkaline electrolyzer was developed by application of hydrogen production through alkaline electrolyzer optimization. This novel chemical mixture is made up from the combination of ammonia, ethyl alcohol, urea, and deionized or distilled water. The result proved to be a model study by emphasizing the annual profit of the alkaline electrolyzer of a simple payback period of the prototype system. A prototype of alkaline electrolyzer is designed and developed to produce oxyhydrogen gas through water electrolysis.

Unlike earlier studies, this study examines six refrigerants with various properties using the same rooftop air conditioning system of a building to evaluate performance. Performance metrics such as cooling capacity, energy consumption, temperature, and pressure were calculated. Laboratory testing of a rooftop air conditioner with R410a was performed to validate the simulation program's predicted data. Six distinct refrigerants' carbon emissions in two different scenarios were calculated using the Life Cycle Climate Performance technique, which was evaluated for environmental studies. These experimental tests were carried out at temperatures of 20 °C, 25 °C, 30 °C, and 35 °C, respectively. Maximum discrepancies between simulated and experimental results for cooling capacity, energy consumption, and energy efficiency were calculated to be 2.8%. The study found the lowest value in the R1234yf carbon emission at 51.30 kg CO2e. The highest cooling capacity was 154760.34 W in R454b, and the lowest cooling capacity was 76949.94 W in R1234yf. The highest EER value was 3,018 in R454b, while the lowest released was 2.257 in R22. The SEER value was 4.101 for R32 and 2.298 for R1234yf. The simulations concluded that R410a, R454b, and R32 refrigerants have superior cooling capacities.

A huge amount of energy is consumed during sugar production in the food industry. The large amount of steam used and the power of the turbine power plant are key factors. This makes energy and exergy analysis important in sugar factories. The data given in the following paper are related to input and output information of the paper entitled Energy - exergy analysis and optimisation of a model sugar factory in Turkey by Taner and Sivrioglu (2015) [1]. Factory total energy efficiency and exergy efficiency are found to be η enT=72.2% and η exT=37.4%, respectively, and according to these results, the total energy quality ∅ T=0.64. These results indicate higher efficiency than similar studies (Vuckovic et al., 2014; Pellegrini and Oliviera Junior, 2011; Deshmukh et al., 2013; Palacios-Bereche et al., 2015) [2], [3], [4], [5]. This study can be a model for these similar factories by Taner and Sivrioglu (2015) [1].

Abstract The study indicates a comparison of PEM fuel cell systems (cathodic plate) with previous experimental setup and a new nano-design manufacturing for the nano-micro scale fluids with the fuel of hydrogen gas. The scope of the study is to demonstrate a superiority of fuel cell efficiency as well as genuine design over the experimental commercial fuel cell. Finding results of the energy efficiency was found to be 72.4% and exergy efficiency’s 85.22% of the PEMFC under 0.5 bar pressure and 0.2 l/min flow rate. Finding results revealed that the thermodynamic efficiency of PEMFC could be enhanced by regulating the pressure and flow rate parameters. This work gave great results thanks to the new design manufacturing. The results of this study emphasize to give better results compared to the results of the previous study. Besides supporting the previous study, it yielded even better results. Thus, it is thought that there will be a support energy system for larger energy systems in the future.

Abstract This study is related to the energy and exergy analysis of a model sugar factory in Turkey. In this study, energy efficiency issue in food industries are investigated within a general context to provide energy saving by reducing energy – exergy losses in the sugar production process. The aim of this study is to determine the best energy and exergy efficiency with the mass and energy balances according to design parameters for a sugar factory. Energy savings that can be applied in food industries are examined. Appropriate scenarios are prepared, and optimization results are compared. As a result of thermodynamics calculations made according to the 1st and 2nd Laws of Thermodynamics, energy and exergy efficiencies of a factory were calculated. Factory total energy efficiency and exergy efficiency were found to be 72.2% and 37.4%, respectively, and according to these results, energy quality was found to be 0.64. In conclusion, the current turbine power process energy and exergy efficiencies were 46.4% and 27.7%, respectively, and the optimized turbine power process energy and exergy efficiencies were 48.7% and 31.7%, respectively. This study performs an attitude to the problem of exergy optimization of the turbine power plant. An overall assessment of the energy and exergy efficiency calculations is performed and is focused on how they should be.