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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Fenglai Yue; Guobin Zhang; Junhong Zhang; Jiewei Lin; +1 Authors

    Abstract A three-dimensional electrochemical-thermal coupling model of LiFePO4 battery was developed based on the real multi-layer structure. The model was developed to describe the discharge process of the battery in four modes: the constant current, constant overpotential, constant voltage and maximum power discharge processes. The electric conductivity of the electrode, the electric conductivity of the current collector, the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte and the diffusion coefficient of the electrolyte were considered. The results show that: (1) In the constant current discharge mode, the core electrochemical reaction area of the positive electrode moved towards the separator while that of the negative electrode moved towards the current collector due to the change of the electrolyte concentration. (2) In the constant overpotential discharge process, the change of the average chemical reaction rate and the decreasing rate of the current density increased with increasing overpotential. (3) In the constant voltage discharge process, the current density and the temperature increased when the electrode thickness was increased. (4) In the maximum power discharge process, the output power increased with increasing electrode thickness but decreased with increasing contact resistance at the same current density.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Applied Thermal Engi...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Applied Thermal Engineering
    Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
    Data sources: Crossref
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Applied Thermal Engi...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Applied Thermal Engineering
      Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Elsevier TDM
      Data sources: Crossref
      addClaim

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      You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Fenglai Yue; Guobin Zhang; Junhong Zhang; Jiewei Lin; +1 Authors

    Abstract A three-dimensional electrochemical-thermal coupling model of LiFePO4 battery was developed based on the real multi-layer structure. The model was developed to describe the discharge process of the battery in four modes: the constant current, constant overpotential, constant voltage and maximum power discharge processes. The electric conductivity of the electrode, the electric conductivity of the current collector, the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte and the diffusion coefficient of the electrolyte were considered. The results show that: (1) In the constant current discharge mode, the core electrochemical reaction area of the positive electrode moved towards the separator while that of the negative electrode moved towards the current collector due to the change of the electrolyte concentration. (2) In the constant overpotential discharge process, the change of the average chemical reaction rate and the decreasing rate of the current density increased with increasing overpotential. (3) In the constant voltage discharge process, the current density and the temperature increased when the electrode thickness was increased. (4) In the maximum power discharge process, the output power increased with increasing electrode thickness but decreased with increasing contact resistance at the same current density.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Applied Thermal Engi...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Applied Thermal Engineering
    Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
    Data sources: Crossref
    addClaim

    This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

    You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
    9
    citations9
    popularityAverage
    influenceAverage
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Applied Thermal Engi...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Applied Thermal Engineering
      Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Elsevier TDM
      Data sources: Crossref
      addClaim

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      You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Yongbo Qiu; Peng Wu; Tianwei Miao; Jinqiao Liang; +4 Authors

    The compression of the gas diffusion layer (GDL) greatly affects the electrochemical performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) by means of both the equivalent value and distribution of contact pressure, which depends on the packing manner of the fuel cell. This work develops an intelligent approach for improving the uniformity and equivalent magnitude of contact pressure on GDLs through optimizing the clamping forces and positions on end plates. A finite element (FE) model of a full-size single fuel cell is developed and correlated against a direct measurement of pressure between the GDL and a bipolar plate. Datasets generated by FE simulations based on the optimal Latin hypercube design are used as a driving force for the training of a radial basis function neural network, so-called the agent model. Once the agent model is validated, iterations for optimization of contact pressure on GDLs are carried out without using the complicated physical model anymore. Optimal design of clamping force and position combination is achieved in terms of better contact pressure, with the designed equivalent magnitude and more uniform distribution. Results indicate the proposed agent-based intelligent optimization approach is available for the packing design of fuel cells, stacks in particular, with significantly higher efficiency.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Applied Sciencesarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Applied Sciences
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Applied Sciences
    Article
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: UnpayWall
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Applied Sciences
    Article . 2020
    Data sources: DOAJ
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    24
    citations24
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Applied Sciencesarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Applied Sciences
      Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Applied Sciences
      Article
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: UnpayWall
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Applied Sciences
      Article . 2020
      Data sources: DOAJ
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Yongbo Qiu; Peng Wu; Tianwei Miao; Jinqiao Liang; +4 Authors

    The compression of the gas diffusion layer (GDL) greatly affects the electrochemical performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) by means of both the equivalent value and distribution of contact pressure, which depends on the packing manner of the fuel cell. This work develops an intelligent approach for improving the uniformity and equivalent magnitude of contact pressure on GDLs through optimizing the clamping forces and positions on end plates. A finite element (FE) model of a full-size single fuel cell is developed and correlated against a direct measurement of pressure between the GDL and a bipolar plate. Datasets generated by FE simulations based on the optimal Latin hypercube design are used as a driving force for the training of a radial basis function neural network, so-called the agent model. Once the agent model is validated, iterations for optimization of contact pressure on GDLs are carried out without using the complicated physical model anymore. Optimal design of clamping force and position combination is achieved in terms of better contact pressure, with the designed equivalent magnitude and more uniform distribution. Results indicate the proposed agent-based intelligent optimization approach is available for the packing design of fuel cells, stacks in particular, with significantly higher efficiency.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Applied Sciencesarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Applied Sciences
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Applied Sciences
    Article
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: UnpayWall
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Applied Sciences
    Article . 2020
    Data sources: DOAJ
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Applied Sciencesarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Applied Sciences
      Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Applied Sciences
      Article
      License: CC BY
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Applied Sciences
      Article . 2020
      Data sources: DOAJ
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Zhang, Junhong; Xu, Zhexuan; Lin, Jiewei; Lin, Zefeng; +2 Authors

    The engine cooling system must be able to match up with the stable operating conditions so as to guarantee the engine performance. On the working cycle level, however, the dynamic thermo-state of engines has not been considered in the cooling strategy. Besides, the frequent over-cooling boiling inside the gallery changes the cooling capacity constantly. It is necessary to study the coupling effect caused by the interaction of cooling flow and in-cylinder combustion so as to provide details of the dynamic control of cooling systems. To this end, this study develops a coupled modeling scheme of the cooling process considering the interaction of combustion and coolant flow. The global reaction mechanism is used for the combustion process and the multiphase flow method is employed to simulate the coolant flow considering the wall boiling and the interphase forces. The two sub-models exchange information of in-cylinder temperature, heat transfer coefficient, and wall temperature to achieve the coupled computation. The proposed modeling process is verified through the measured diesel engine power, in-cylinder pressure, and fire surface temperature of cylinder head. Then the effects of different cooling conditions on the cyclic engine performances are analyzed and discussed.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Energiesarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Energies
    Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Energies
    Article
    License: CC BY
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Energies
    Article . 2018
    Data sources: DOAJ
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Energiesarrow_drop_down
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Energies
      Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Energies
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Energies
      Article . 2018
      Data sources: DOAJ
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      addClaim

      This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

      You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Zhang, Junhong; Xu, Zhexuan; Lin, Jiewei; Lin, Zefeng; +2 Authors

    The engine cooling system must be able to match up with the stable operating conditions so as to guarantee the engine performance. On the working cycle level, however, the dynamic thermo-state of engines has not been considered in the cooling strategy. Besides, the frequent over-cooling boiling inside the gallery changes the cooling capacity constantly. It is necessary to study the coupling effect caused by the interaction of cooling flow and in-cylinder combustion so as to provide details of the dynamic control of cooling systems. To this end, this study develops a coupled modeling scheme of the cooling process considering the interaction of combustion and coolant flow. The global reaction mechanism is used for the combustion process and the multiphase flow method is employed to simulate the coolant flow considering the wall boiling and the interphase forces. The two sub-models exchange information of in-cylinder temperature, heat transfer coefficient, and wall temperature to achieve the coupled computation. The proposed modeling process is verified through the measured diesel engine power, in-cylinder pressure, and fire surface temperature of cylinder head. Then the effects of different cooling conditions on the cyclic engine performances are analyzed and discussed.

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    Energies
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  • Authors: Yi Qiu; Jiewei Lin;

    Lightweight technology is applied in the automobile industry because mass reduction is beneficial in improving fuel efficiency and reducing CO2 emissions. Apart from the car body and the power unit (the two heaviest parts of a vehicle), the driveline also has potential for a reduction in weight. The driveline transfers power to the wheels and plays an important role in the vehicle system. Vibration is induced by the road input and by unbalanced forces transmitted through the driveline to the car body. Mass reduction in the driveline could influence the dynamic behaviour of a vehicle but it is not yet clear how mass reduction affects vibration of the driveline, the vehicle ride and NVH performance — important considerations when designing a lightweight driveline. In the prototype design stage, a mathematical model provides a more flexible and less costly method of optimising the system dynamics. In this paper, a 14 degree-of-freedom mathematical model is developed to study the dynamics of a rear drive unit (RDU). The system consists of a rear differential gearbox, left and right constant velocity joints and driveshafts, a rear sub-frame, and bushings between the RDU and the sub-frame and between the sub-frame and the car body. Excitations from the rear wheels, rear suspensions, and input shaft were considered. The vertical acceleration at the rear sub-frame was calculated and correlated with a calibrated multi-body dynamic model of the vehicle developed in a parallel study. Using a fractional factorial design with the vehicle travelling on a smooth road at various speeds, a sensitivity analysis was carried out with the developed mathematical model to identify the contributions of the mass properties of the RDU and the bushing parameters to the vibration at the centre of gravity (COG) of the rear sub-frame. Results indicate that the effects of design parameters on the rear sub-frame vibration vary according to the vehicle speed. For vibration at the rear sub-frame, the most influential factors are the masses of the rear differential gearbox and the driveshaft, and the stiffness of the front right bushings between the RDU and the sub-frame. The stiffness of the front left bushing between the RDU and the sub-frame also has considerable effect on the subsystem response but only at higher speeds. Reducing the mass of the CV joint is beneficial in decreasing the vertical vibration at the COG of the rear sub-frame, while reductions in masses of the gearbox and the driveshafts tend to slightly increase the vertical vibration at the same location. However, the adverse effect brought by lightweight differential gearbox and driveshafts on vibration is relatively small that may be hardly detected by passengers. The adverse effect (if any) can be compromised by adjusting the stiffness of the front bushings between the gearbox and the sub-frame.

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  • Authors: Yi Qiu; Jiewei Lin;

    Lightweight technology is applied in the automobile industry because mass reduction is beneficial in improving fuel efficiency and reducing CO2 emissions. Apart from the car body and the power unit (the two heaviest parts of a vehicle), the driveline also has potential for a reduction in weight. The driveline transfers power to the wheels and plays an important role in the vehicle system. Vibration is induced by the road input and by unbalanced forces transmitted through the driveline to the car body. Mass reduction in the driveline could influence the dynamic behaviour of a vehicle but it is not yet clear how mass reduction affects vibration of the driveline, the vehicle ride and NVH performance — important considerations when designing a lightweight driveline. In the prototype design stage, a mathematical model provides a more flexible and less costly method of optimising the system dynamics. In this paper, a 14 degree-of-freedom mathematical model is developed to study the dynamics of a rear drive unit (RDU). The system consists of a rear differential gearbox, left and right constant velocity joints and driveshafts, a rear sub-frame, and bushings between the RDU and the sub-frame and between the sub-frame and the car body. Excitations from the rear wheels, rear suspensions, and input shaft were considered. The vertical acceleration at the rear sub-frame was calculated and correlated with a calibrated multi-body dynamic model of the vehicle developed in a parallel study. Using a fractional factorial design with the vehicle travelling on a smooth road at various speeds, a sensitivity analysis was carried out with the developed mathematical model to identify the contributions of the mass properties of the RDU and the bushing parameters to the vibration at the centre of gravity (COG) of the rear sub-frame. Results indicate that the effects of design parameters on the rear sub-frame vibration vary according to the vehicle speed. For vibration at the rear sub-frame, the most influential factors are the masses of the rear differential gearbox and the driveshaft, and the stiffness of the front right bushings between the RDU and the sub-frame. The stiffness of the front left bushing between the RDU and the sub-frame also has considerable effect on the subsystem response but only at higher speeds. Reducing the mass of the CV joint is beneficial in decreasing the vertical vibration at the COG of the rear sub-frame, while reductions in masses of the gearbox and the driveshafts tend to slightly increase the vertical vibration at the same location. However, the adverse effect brought by lightweight differential gearbox and driveshafts on vibration is relatively small that may be hardly detected by passengers. The adverse effect (if any) can be compromised by adjusting the stiffness of the front bushings between the gearbox and the sub-frame.

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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Ren Yanyan; Junhong Zhang; Jiewei Lin; Huwei Dai; +1 Authors

    Abstract A numerical model is developed to investigate the combustion and cooling performance of an aero-engine combustor. Cylindrical holes, conical holes, fan-shaped holes and console holes are introduced to reduce the thermal load of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) in combustor, respectively. To reduce the coolant consumption, the number of film cooling holes in the first and second row at outer liner is decreased by 20% for comparison. The adoption of the four types holes leads to following results: the peak gas temperature increases from 2459.36 K to 2473.39 K, 2485.76 K, 2491.15 K, and 2464.57 K; the NOx emission increases from 3.2306 g/kg to 3.4762 g/kg, 3.5197 g/kg, 3.5341 g/kg and 3.3494 g/kg; the peak working temperature of TBCs decreases by 149.01 K, 208.12 K, 248.64 K and 257.78 K respectively. Fan-shaped holes have the highest coolant discharge coefficient and correspond to the highest peak gas temperature and NOx emission. The decrease of cooling hole number has very slight effect on TBCs peak working temperature, while it will reduce the peak gas temperature and the NOx emission in the meanwhile. The cooling effectiveness of the console hole is the highest followed by the fan-shaped hole and the conical hole.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Applied Thermal Engi...arrow_drop_down
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    Applied Thermal Engineering
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Applied Thermal Engineering
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Ren Yanyan; Junhong Zhang; Jiewei Lin; Huwei Dai; +1 Authors

    Abstract A numerical model is developed to investigate the combustion and cooling performance of an aero-engine combustor. Cylindrical holes, conical holes, fan-shaped holes and console holes are introduced to reduce the thermal load of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) in combustor, respectively. To reduce the coolant consumption, the number of film cooling holes in the first and second row at outer liner is decreased by 20% for comparison. The adoption of the four types holes leads to following results: the peak gas temperature increases from 2459.36 K to 2473.39 K, 2485.76 K, 2491.15 K, and 2464.57 K; the NOx emission increases from 3.2306 g/kg to 3.4762 g/kg, 3.5197 g/kg, 3.5341 g/kg and 3.3494 g/kg; the peak working temperature of TBCs decreases by 149.01 K, 208.12 K, 248.64 K and 257.78 K respectively. Fan-shaped holes have the highest coolant discharge coefficient and correspond to the highest peak gas temperature and NOx emission. The decrease of cooling hole number has very slight effect on TBCs peak working temperature, while it will reduce the peak gas temperature and the NOx emission in the meanwhile. The cooling effectiveness of the console hole is the highest followed by the fan-shaped hole and the conical hole.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Applied Thermal Engi...arrow_drop_down
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    Applied Thermal Engineering
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Applied Thermal Engineering
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    Authors: Junhong Zhang; Ning Wang; Jian Wang; Hui Wang; +3 Authors

    To reduce the friction loss and the piston-knocking noise from the perspective of the design of the cylinder bore profile, the piston-ring cylinder bore (PRCB) dynamic model of an L6 diesel engine was developed using AVL-Excite-Piston & Rings. Based on the full-scale test method, the effects of bore taper, starting height of tapered profile, and ellipticity on the friction power and knocking energy of the PRCB system were investigated, and the optimization of the design of the bore profile was carried out with the objectives of minimizing the system’s friction power and the peak knocking kinetic energy. The results showed that the taper of the cylinder bore has the greatest influence on the system’s friction power and the peak knocking kinetic energy, followed by the starting height of the conical profile. For the peak knocking kinetic energy of the piston, there was an obvious interaction between the taper and the starting height of the conical profile. When the taper was 35 μm and 45 μm, the peak knocking kinetic energy showed a decreasing and then increasing trend with the increase in the starting height of the profile, and when the taper was 55 μm the peak knocking kinetic energy monotonically was decreased with the increase in the starting height of the conical profile. The optimization results showed that the system’s friction power was decreased by 15.05% and the peak knocking kinetic energy was decreased by 21.41% for a taper degree of 55 μm, a tapered profile starting height of 31 mm, and an ellipticity of 50 μm compared to the initial cylindrical cylinder bore.

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    Energies
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    Authors: Junhong Zhang; Ning Wang; Jian Wang; Hui Wang; +3 Authors

    To reduce the friction loss and the piston-knocking noise from the perspective of the design of the cylinder bore profile, the piston-ring cylinder bore (PRCB) dynamic model of an L6 diesel engine was developed using AVL-Excite-Piston & Rings. Based on the full-scale test method, the effects of bore taper, starting height of tapered profile, and ellipticity on the friction power and knocking energy of the PRCB system were investigated, and the optimization of the design of the bore profile was carried out with the objectives of minimizing the system’s friction power and the peak knocking kinetic energy. The results showed that the taper of the cylinder bore has the greatest influence on the system’s friction power and the peak knocking kinetic energy, followed by the starting height of the conical profile. For the peak knocking kinetic energy of the piston, there was an obvious interaction between the taper and the starting height of the conical profile. When the taper was 35 μm and 45 μm, the peak knocking kinetic energy showed a decreasing and then increasing trend with the increase in the starting height of the profile, and when the taper was 55 μm the peak knocking kinetic energy monotonically was decreased with the increase in the starting height of the conical profile. The optimization results showed that the system’s friction power was decreased by 15.05% and the peak knocking kinetic energy was decreased by 21.41% for a taper degree of 55 μm, a tapered profile starting height of 31 mm, and an ellipticity of 50 μm compared to the initial cylindrical cylinder bore.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Energiesarrow_drop_down
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    Authors: Teng Ma; Fengrong Bi; Xu Wang; Congfeng Tian; +3 Authors

    To improve the performance of vehicle suspension, this paper proposes a semi-active vehicle suspension with a magnetorheological fluid (MRF) damper. We designed an optimized fuzzy skyhook controller with grey wolf optimizer (GWO) algorithm base on a new neuro-inverse model of the MRF damper. Because the inverse model of the MRF damper is difficult to establish directly, the Elman neural network was applied. The novelty of this study is the application of the new inverse model for semi-active vibration control and optimization of the semi-active suspension control method. The calculation results showed that the new inverse model can accurately calculate the required control current. The fuzzy skyhook control method optimized by the grey wolf optimizer (GWO) algorithm was established based on the inverse model to control the suspension vibration. The simulation results showed that the optimized fuzzy skyhook control method can simultaneously reduce the amplitude of vertical acceleration, suspension deflection, and tire dynamic load.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Energiesarrow_drop_down
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    Energies
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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    Energies
    Article . 2021
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      Energies
      Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Teng Ma; Fengrong Bi; Xu Wang; Congfeng Tian; +3 Authors

    To improve the performance of vehicle suspension, this paper proposes a semi-active vehicle suspension with a magnetorheological fluid (MRF) damper. We designed an optimized fuzzy skyhook controller with grey wolf optimizer (GWO) algorithm base on a new neuro-inverse model of the MRF damper. Because the inverse model of the MRF damper is difficult to establish directly, the Elman neural network was applied. The novelty of this study is the application of the new inverse model for semi-active vibration control and optimization of the semi-active suspension control method. The calculation results showed that the new inverse model can accurately calculate the required control current. The fuzzy skyhook control method optimized by the grey wolf optimizer (GWO) algorithm was established based on the inverse model to control the suspension vibration. The simulation results showed that the optimized fuzzy skyhook control method can simultaneously reduce the amplitude of vertical acceleration, suspension deflection, and tire dynamic load.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Energiesarrow_drop_down
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Energies
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Energies
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    Energies
    Article . 2021
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Energies
      Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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      Energies
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      Energies
      Article . 2021
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Zefeng Lin; Zhexuan Xu; Jingchao Wang; Tianshu Xu; +2 Authors

    Bubble diameter is important for the three-dimensional nucleate boiling two-phase flow simulation. However, the bubble diameter is rarely considered as a variable because it is difficult to estimate. In this paper, a novel bubble diameter model is proposed for the boiling flow. The heat transfer growth, the breakup or coalescence of collision and the liquid impacting separation are considered as the factors affecting the bubble diameter, and three bubble diameter sub-models are developed to calculate the overall bubble diameter based on a departure diameter. In the model, the heat transfer growth is calculated after estimating the bubble location. The collision variation is deduced from the interfacial area concentration equation. The liquid impacting variation is calculated through phase interaction force and gas viscous force. The proposed model is conducted through global information searching in the flow boiling simulation and validated using the void fraction and temperature data from the literature. The effects of the heat transfer growth, the collision, and the separating volume on the bubble diameter are discussed.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Energiesarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Energies
    Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Energies
    Article
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Energiesarrow_drop_down
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      Energies
      Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Energies
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Zefeng Lin; Zhexuan Xu; Jingchao Wang; Tianshu Xu; +2 Authors

    Bubble diameter is important for the three-dimensional nucleate boiling two-phase flow simulation. However, the bubble diameter is rarely considered as a variable because it is difficult to estimate. In this paper, a novel bubble diameter model is proposed for the boiling flow. The heat transfer growth, the breakup or coalescence of collision and the liquid impacting separation are considered as the factors affecting the bubble diameter, and three bubble diameter sub-models are developed to calculate the overall bubble diameter based on a departure diameter. In the model, the heat transfer growth is calculated after estimating the bubble location. The collision variation is deduced from the interfacial area concentration equation. The liquid impacting variation is calculated through phase interaction force and gas viscous force. The proposed model is conducted through global information searching in the flow boiling simulation and validated using the void fraction and temperature data from the literature. The effects of the heat transfer growth, the collision, and the separating volume on the bubble diameter are discussed.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Energiesarrow_drop_down
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Energies
    Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
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    Energies
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      Energies
      Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Fenglai Yue; Guobin Zhang; Junhong Zhang; Jiewei Lin; +1 Authors

    Abstract A three-dimensional electrochemical-thermal coupling model of LiFePO4 battery was developed based on the real multi-layer structure. The model was developed to describe the discharge process of the battery in four modes: the constant current, constant overpotential, constant voltage and maximum power discharge processes. The electric conductivity of the electrode, the electric conductivity of the current collector, the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte and the diffusion coefficient of the electrolyte were considered. The results show that: (1) In the constant current discharge mode, the core electrochemical reaction area of the positive electrode moved towards the separator while that of the negative electrode moved towards the current collector due to the change of the electrolyte concentration. (2) In the constant overpotential discharge process, the change of the average chemical reaction rate and the decreasing rate of the current density increased with increasing overpotential. (3) In the constant voltage discharge process, the current density and the temperature increased when the electrode thickness was increased. (4) In the maximum power discharge process, the output power increased with increasing electrode thickness but decreased with increasing contact resistance at the same current density.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Applied Thermal Engi...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Applied Thermal Engineering
    Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
    Data sources: Crossref
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Applied Thermal Engi...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Applied Thermal Engineering
      Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Fenglai Yue; Guobin Zhang; Junhong Zhang; Jiewei Lin; +1 Authors

    Abstract A three-dimensional electrochemical-thermal coupling model of LiFePO4 battery was developed based on the real multi-layer structure. The model was developed to describe the discharge process of the battery in four modes: the constant current, constant overpotential, constant voltage and maximum power discharge processes. The electric conductivity of the electrode, the electric conductivity of the current collector, the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte and the diffusion coefficient of the electrolyte were considered. The results show that: (1) In the constant current discharge mode, the core electrochemical reaction area of the positive electrode moved towards the separator while that of the negative electrode moved towards the current collector due to the change of the electrolyte concentration. (2) In the constant overpotential discharge process, the change of the average chemical reaction rate and the decreasing rate of the current density increased with increasing overpotential. (3) In the constant voltage discharge process, the current density and the temperature increased when the electrode thickness was increased. (4) In the maximum power discharge process, the output power increased with increasing electrode thickness but decreased with increasing contact resistance at the same current density.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Applied Thermal Engi...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Applied Thermal Engineering
    Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Applied Thermal Engineering
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    Authors: Yongbo Qiu; Peng Wu; Tianwei Miao; Jinqiao Liang; +4 Authors

    The compression of the gas diffusion layer (GDL) greatly affects the electrochemical performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) by means of both the equivalent value and distribution of contact pressure, which depends on the packing manner of the fuel cell. This work develops an intelligent approach for improving the uniformity and equivalent magnitude of contact pressure on GDLs through optimizing the clamping forces and positions on end plates. A finite element (FE) model of a full-size single fuel cell is developed and correlated against a direct measurement of pressure between the GDL and a bipolar plate. Datasets generated by FE simulations based on the optimal Latin hypercube design are used as a driving force for the training of a radial basis function neural network, so-called the agent model. Once the agent model is validated, iterations for optimization of contact pressure on GDLs are carried out without using the complicated physical model anymore. Optimal design of clamping force and position combination is achieved in terms of better contact pressure, with the designed equivalent magnitude and more uniform distribution. Results indicate the proposed agent-based intelligent optimization approach is available for the packing design of fuel cells, stacks in particular, with significantly higher efficiency.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Applied Sciencesarrow_drop_down
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    Applied Sciences
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    Authors: Yongbo Qiu; Peng Wu; Tianwei Miao; Jinqiao Liang; +4 Authors

    The compression of the gas diffusion layer (GDL) greatly affects the electrochemical performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) by means of both the equivalent value and distribution of contact pressure, which depends on the packing manner of the fuel cell. This work develops an intelligent approach for improving the uniformity and equivalent magnitude of contact pressure on GDLs through optimizing the clamping forces and positions on end plates. A finite element (FE) model of a full-size single fuel cell is developed and correlated against a direct measurement of pressure between the GDL and a bipolar plate. Datasets generated by FE simulations based on the optimal Latin hypercube design are used as a driving force for the training of a radial basis function neural network, so-called the agent model. Once the agent model is validated, iterations for optimization of contact pressure on GDLs are carried out without using the complicated physical model anymore. Optimal design of clamping force and position combination is achieved in terms of better contact pressure, with the designed equivalent magnitude and more uniform distribution. Results indicate the proposed agent-based intelligent optimization approach is available for the packing design of fuel cells, stacks in particular, with significantly higher efficiency.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Applied Sciencesarrow_drop_down
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    Applied Sciences
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    Authors: Zhang, Junhong; Xu, Zhexuan; Lin, Jiewei; Lin, Zefeng; +2 Authors

    The engine cooling system must be able to match up with the stable operating conditions so as to guarantee the engine performance. On the working cycle level, however, the dynamic thermo-state of engines has not been considered in the cooling strategy. Besides, the frequent over-cooling boiling inside the gallery changes the cooling capacity constantly. It is necessary to study the coupling effect caused by the interaction of cooling flow and in-cylinder combustion so as to provide details of the dynamic control of cooling systems. To this end, this study develops a coupled modeling scheme of the cooling process considering the interaction of combustion and coolant flow. The global reaction mechanism is used for the combustion process and the multiphase flow method is employed to simulate the coolant flow considering the wall boiling and the interphase forces. The two sub-models exchange information of in-cylinder temperature, heat transfer coefficient, and wall temperature to achieve the coupled computation. The proposed modeling process is verified through the measured diesel engine power, in-cylinder pressure, and fire surface temperature of cylinder head. Then the effects of different cooling conditions on the cyclic engine performances are analyzed and discussed.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Energiesarrow_drop_down
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    Energies
    Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Zhang, Junhong; Xu, Zhexuan; Lin, Jiewei; Lin, Zefeng; +2 Authors

    The engine cooling system must be able to match up with the stable operating conditions so as to guarantee the engine performance. On the working cycle level, however, the dynamic thermo-state of engines has not been considered in the cooling strategy. Besides, the frequent over-cooling boiling inside the gallery changes the cooling capacity constantly. It is necessary to study the coupling effect caused by the interaction of cooling flow and in-cylinder combustion so as to provide details of the dynamic control of cooling systems. To this end, this study develops a coupled modeling scheme of the cooling process considering the interaction of combustion and coolant flow. The global reaction mechanism is used for the combustion process and the multiphase flow method is employed to simulate the coolant flow considering the wall boiling and the interphase forces. The two sub-models exchange information of in-cylinder temperature, heat transfer coefficient, and wall temperature to achieve the coupled computation. The proposed modeling process is verified through the measured diesel engine power, in-cylinder pressure, and fire surface temperature of cylinder head. Then the effects of different cooling conditions on the cyclic engine performances are analyzed and discussed.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Energiesarrow_drop_down
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    Energies
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      Energies
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  • Authors: Yi Qiu; Jiewei Lin;

    Lightweight technology is applied in the automobile industry because mass reduction is beneficial in improving fuel efficiency and reducing CO2 emissions. Apart from the car body and the power unit (the two heaviest parts of a vehicle), the driveline also has potential for a reduction in weight. The driveline transfers power to the wheels and plays an important role in the vehicle system. Vibration is induced by the road input and by unbalanced forces transmitted through the driveline to the car body. Mass reduction in the driveline could influence the dynamic behaviour of a vehicle but it is not yet clear how mass reduction affects vibration of the driveline, the vehicle ride and NVH performance — important considerations when designing a lightweight driveline. In the prototype design stage, a mathematical model provides a more flexible and less costly method of optimising the system dynamics. In this paper, a 14 degree-of-freedom mathematical model is developed to study the dynamics of a rear drive unit (RDU). The system consists of a rear differential gearbox, left and right constant velocity joints and driveshafts, a rear sub-frame, and bushings between the RDU and the sub-frame and between the sub-frame and the car body. Excitations from the rear wheels, rear suspensions, and input shaft were considered. The vertical acceleration at the rear sub-frame was calculated and correlated with a calibrated multi-body dynamic model of the vehicle developed in a parallel study. Using a fractional factorial design with the vehicle travelling on a smooth road at various speeds, a sensitivity analysis was carried out with the developed mathematical model to identify the contributions of the mass properties of the RDU and the bushing parameters to the vibration at the centre of gravity (COG) of the rear sub-frame. Results indicate that the effects of design parameters on the rear sub-frame vibration vary according to the vehicle speed. For vibration at the rear sub-frame, the most influential factors are the masses of the rear differential gearbox and the driveshaft, and the stiffness of the front right bushings between the RDU and the sub-frame. The stiffness of the front left bushing between the RDU and the sub-frame also has considerable effect on the subsystem response but only at higher speeds. Reducing the mass of the CV joint is beneficial in decreasing the vertical vibration at the COG of the rear sub-frame, while reductions in masses of the gearbox and the driveshafts tend to slightly increase the vertical vibration at the same location. However, the adverse effect brought by lightweight differential gearbox and driveshafts on vibration is relatively small that may be hardly detected by passengers. The adverse effect (if any) can be compromised by adjusting the stiffness of the front bushings between the gearbox and the sub-frame.

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  • Authors: Yi Qiu; Jiewei Lin;

    Lightweight technology is applied in the automobile industry because mass reduction is beneficial in improving fuel efficiency and reducing CO2 emissions. Apart from the car body and the power unit (the two heaviest parts of a vehicle), the driveline also has potential for a reduction in weight. The driveline transfers power to the wheels and plays an important role in the vehicle system. Vibration is induced by the road input and by unbalanced forces transmitted through the driveline to the car body. Mass reduction in the driveline could influence the dynamic behaviour of a vehicle but it is not yet clear how mass reduction affects vibration of the driveline, the vehicle ride and NVH performance — important considerations when designing a lightweight driveline. In the prototype design stage, a mathematical model provides a more flexible and less costly method of optimising the system dynamics. In this paper, a 14 degree-of-freedom mathematical model is developed to study the dynamics of a rear drive unit (RDU). The system consists of a rear differential gearbox, left and right constant velocity joints and driveshafts, a rear sub-frame, and bushings between the RDU and the sub-frame and between the sub-frame and the car body. Excitations from the rear wheels, rear suspensions, and input shaft were considered. The vertical acceleration at the rear sub-frame was calculated and correlated with a calibrated multi-body dynamic model of the vehicle developed in a parallel study. Using a fractional factorial design with the vehicle travelling on a smooth road at various speeds, a sensitivity analysis was carried out with the developed mathematical model to identify the contributions of the mass properties of the RDU and the bushing parameters to the vibration at the centre of gravity (COG) of the rear sub-frame. Results indicate that the effects of design parameters on the rear sub-frame vibration vary according to the vehicle speed. For vibration at the rear sub-frame, the most influential factors are the masses of the rear differential gearbox and the driveshaft, and the stiffness of the front right bushings between the RDU and the sub-frame. The stiffness of the front left bushing between the RDU and the sub-frame also has considerable effect on the subsystem response but only at higher speeds. Reducing the mass of the CV joint is beneficial in decreasing the vertical vibration at the COG of the rear sub-frame, while reductions in masses of the gearbox and the driveshafts tend to slightly increase the vertical vibration at the same location. However, the adverse effect brought by lightweight differential gearbox and driveshafts on vibration is relatively small that may be hardly detected by passengers. The adverse effect (if any) can be compromised by adjusting the stiffness of the front bushings between the gearbox and the sub-frame.

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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Ren Yanyan; Junhong Zhang; Jiewei Lin; Huwei Dai; +1 Authors

    Abstract A numerical model is developed to investigate the combustion and cooling performance of an aero-engine combustor. Cylindrical holes, conical holes, fan-shaped holes and console holes are introduced to reduce the thermal load of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) in combustor, respectively. To reduce the coolant consumption, the number of film cooling holes in the first and second row at outer liner is decreased by 20% for comparison. The adoption of the four types holes leads to following results: the peak gas temperature increases from 2459.36 K to 2473.39 K, 2485.76 K, 2491.15 K, and 2464.57 K; the NOx emission increases from 3.2306 g/kg to 3.4762 g/kg, 3.5197 g/kg, 3.5341 g/kg and 3.3494 g/kg; the peak working temperature of TBCs decreases by 149.01 K, 208.12 K, 248.64 K and 257.78 K respectively. Fan-shaped holes have the highest coolant discharge coefficient and correspond to the highest peak gas temperature and NOx emission. The decrease of cooling hole number has very slight effect on TBCs peak working temperature, while it will reduce the peak gas temperature and the NOx emission in the meanwhile. The cooling effectiveness of the console hole is the highest followed by the fan-shaped hole and the conical hole.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Applied Thermal Engi...arrow_drop_down
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    Applied Thermal Engineering
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Applied Thermal Engineering
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Ren Yanyan; Junhong Zhang; Jiewei Lin; Huwei Dai; +1 Authors

    Abstract A numerical model is developed to investigate the combustion and cooling performance of an aero-engine combustor. Cylindrical holes, conical holes, fan-shaped holes and console holes are introduced to reduce the thermal load of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) in combustor, respectively. To reduce the coolant consumption, the number of film cooling holes in the first and second row at outer liner is decreased by 20% for comparison. The adoption of the four types holes leads to following results: the peak gas temperature increases from 2459.36 K to 2473.39 K, 2485.76 K, 2491.15 K, and 2464.57 K; the NOx emission increases from 3.2306 g/kg to 3.4762 g/kg, 3.5197 g/kg, 3.5341 g/kg and 3.3494 g/kg; the peak working temperature of TBCs decreases by 149.01 K, 208.12 K, 248.64 K and 257.78 K respectively. Fan-shaped holes have the highest coolant discharge coefficient and correspond to the highest peak gas temperature and NOx emission. The decrease of cooling hole number has very slight effect on TBCs peak working temperature, while it will reduce the peak gas temperature and the NOx emission in the meanwhile. The cooling effectiveness of the console hole is the highest followed by the fan-shaped hole and the conical hole.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Applied Thermal Engi...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Applied Thermal Engineering
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Applied Thermal Engineering
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    Authors: Junhong Zhang; Ning Wang; Jian Wang; Hui Wang; +3 Authors

    To reduce the friction loss and the piston-knocking noise from the perspective of the design of the cylinder bore profile, the piston-ring cylinder bore (PRCB) dynamic model of an L6 diesel engine was developed using AVL-Excite-Piston & Rings. Based on the full-scale test method, the effects of bore taper, starting height of tapered profile, and ellipticity on the friction power and knocking energy of the PRCB system were investigated, and the optimization of the design of the bore profile was carried out with the objectives of minimizing the system’s friction power and the peak knocking kinetic energy. The results showed that the taper of the cylinder bore has the greatest influence on the system’s friction power and the peak knocking kinetic energy, followed by the starting height of the conical profile. For the peak knocking kinetic energy of the piston, there was an obvious interaction between the taper and the starting height of the conical profile. When the taper was 35 μm and 45 μm, the peak knocking kinetic energy showed a decreasing and then increasing trend with the increase in the starting height of the profile, and when the taper was 55 μm the peak knocking kinetic energy monotonically was decreased with the increase in the starting height of the conical profile. The optimization results showed that the system’s friction power was decreased by 15.05% and the peak knocking kinetic energy was decreased by 21.41% for a taper degree of 55 μm, a tapered profile starting height of 31 mm, and an ellipticity of 50 μm compared to the initial cylindrical cylinder bore.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Energiesarrow_drop_down
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    Energies
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Energies
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    Authors: Junhong Zhang; Ning Wang; Jian Wang; Hui Wang; +3 Authors

    To reduce the friction loss and the piston-knocking noise from the perspective of the design of the cylinder bore profile, the piston-ring cylinder bore (PRCB) dynamic model of an L6 diesel engine was developed using AVL-Excite-Piston & Rings. Based on the full-scale test method, the effects of bore taper, starting height of tapered profile, and ellipticity on the friction power and knocking energy of the PRCB system were investigated, and the optimization of the design of the bore profile was carried out with the objectives of minimizing the system’s friction power and the peak knocking kinetic energy. The results showed that the taper of the cylinder bore has the greatest influence on the system’s friction power and the peak knocking kinetic energy, followed by the starting height of the conical profile. For the peak knocking kinetic energy of the piston, there was an obvious interaction between the taper and the starting height of the conical profile. When the taper was 35 μm and 45 μm, the peak knocking kinetic energy showed a decreasing and then increasing trend with the increase in the starting height of the profile, and when the taper was 55 μm the peak knocking kinetic energy monotonically was decreased with the increase in the starting height of the conical profile. The optimization results showed that the system’s friction power was decreased by 15.05% and the peak knocking kinetic energy was decreased by 21.41% for a taper degree of 55 μm, a tapered profile starting height of 31 mm, and an ellipticity of 50 μm compared to the initial cylindrical cylinder bore.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Energiesarrow_drop_down
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    Energies
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      Energies
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    Authors: Teng Ma; Fengrong Bi; Xu Wang; Congfeng Tian; +3 Authors

    To improve the performance of vehicle suspension, this paper proposes a semi-active vehicle suspension with a magnetorheological fluid (MRF) damper. We designed an optimized fuzzy skyhook controller with grey wolf optimizer (GWO) algorithm base on a new neuro-inverse model of the MRF damper. Because the inverse model of the MRF damper is difficult to establish directly, the Elman neural network was applied. The novelty of this study is the application of the new inverse model for semi-active vibration control and optimization of the semi-active suspension control method. The calculation results showed that the new inverse model can accurately calculate the required control current. The fuzzy skyhook control method optimized by the grey wolf optimizer (GWO) algorithm was established based on the inverse model to control the suspension vibration. The simulation results showed that the optimized fuzzy skyhook control method can simultaneously reduce the amplitude of vertical acceleration, suspension deflection, and tire dynamic load.

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    Energies
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    Energies
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      Energies
      Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Teng Ma; Fengrong Bi; Xu Wang; Congfeng Tian; +3 Authors

    To improve the performance of vehicle suspension, this paper proposes a semi-active vehicle suspension with a magnetorheological fluid (MRF) damper. We designed an optimized fuzzy skyhook controller with grey wolf optimizer (GWO) algorithm base on a new neuro-inverse model of the MRF damper. Because the inverse model of the MRF damper is difficult to establish directly, the Elman neural network was applied. The novelty of this study is the application of the new inverse model for semi-active vibration control and optimization of the semi-active suspension control method. The calculation results showed that the new inverse model can accurately calculate the required control current. The fuzzy skyhook control method optimized by the grey wolf optimizer (GWO) algorithm was established based on the inverse model to control the suspension vibration. The simulation results showed that the optimized fuzzy skyhook control method can simultaneously reduce the amplitude of vertical acceleration, suspension deflection, and tire dynamic load.

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    Energies
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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    Energies
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    Energies
    Article . 2021
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      Energies
      Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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      Article . 2021
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    Authors: Zefeng Lin; Zhexuan Xu; Jingchao Wang; Tianshu Xu; +2 Authors

    Bubble diameter is important for the three-dimensional nucleate boiling two-phase flow simulation. However, the bubble diameter is rarely considered as a variable because it is difficult to estimate. In this paper, a novel bubble diameter model is proposed for the boiling flow. The heat transfer growth, the breakup or coalescence of collision and the liquid impacting separation are considered as the factors affecting the bubble diameter, and three bubble diameter sub-models are developed to calculate the overall bubble diameter based on a departure diameter. In the model, the heat transfer growth is calculated after estimating the bubble location. The collision variation is deduced from the interfacial area concentration equation. The liquid impacting variation is calculated through phase interaction force and gas viscous force. The proposed model is conducted through global information searching in the flow boiling simulation and validated using the void fraction and temperature data from the literature. The effects of the heat transfer growth, the collision, and the separating volume on the bubble diameter are discussed.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Energiesarrow_drop_down
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    Energies
    Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Zefeng Lin; Zhexuan Xu; Jingchao Wang; Tianshu Xu; +2 Authors

    Bubble diameter is important for the three-dimensional nucleate boiling two-phase flow simulation. However, the bubble diameter is rarely considered as a variable because it is difficult to estimate. In this paper, a novel bubble diameter model is proposed for the boiling flow. The heat transfer growth, the breakup or coalescence of collision and the liquid impacting separation are considered as the factors affecting the bubble diameter, and three bubble diameter sub-models are developed to calculate the overall bubble diameter based on a departure diameter. In the model, the heat transfer growth is calculated after estimating the bubble location. The collision variation is deduced from the interfacial area concentration equation. The liquid impacting variation is calculated through phase interaction force and gas viscous force. The proposed model is conducted through global information searching in the flow boiling simulation and validated using the void fraction and temperature data from the literature. The effects of the heat transfer growth, the collision, and the separating volume on the bubble diameter are discussed.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Energiesarrow_drop_down
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    Energies
    Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
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      Energies
      Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
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