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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Eitzinger, Anton; Läderach, Peter; Rodriguez, Beatriz; Fisher, Myles; +3 Authors

    Data were collected by a simulation model to estimate yield changes due to climate change in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua. We analysed the simulated yield changes to spatially classify high-impact spots of climate change across the four countries. We identified hot spots, adaptation spots and pressure spots for drybeans production in the study area and derived three main recommendations.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Harvard Dataversearrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Harvard Dataverse
    Dataset . 2016
    Data sources: Datacite
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Harvard Dataversearrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Harvard Dataverse
      Dataset . 2016
      Data sources: Datacite
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Eitzinger, Anton; Läderach, Peter; Rodriguez, Beatriz; Fisher, Myles; +3 Authors

    Data were collected by a simulation model to estimate yield changes due to climate change in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua. We analysed the simulated yield changes to spatially classify high-impact spots of climate change across the four countries. We identified hot spots, adaptation spots and pressure spots for drybeans production in the study area and derived three main recommendations.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Harvard Dataversearrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Harvard Dataverse
    Dataset . 2016
    Data sources: Datacite
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Harvard Dataversearrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Harvard Dataverse
      Dataset . 2016
      Data sources: Datacite
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Anton Eitzinger; Peter Läderach; Beatriz Caballero Rodríguez; Myles Fisher; +3 Authors

    Les haricots secs (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) sont une culture de subsistance importante en Amérique centrale. Le changement climatique futur pourrait menacer la production de haricots secs et mettre en péril la sécurité alimentaire des petits agriculteurs. Nous avons estimé les changements de rendement des haricots secs dus aux changements climatiques dans ces pays à l'aide de données à échelle réduite provenant de modèles de circulation mondiale (GCM) au Salvador, au Guatemala, au Honduras et au Nicaragua. Nous avons généré des données météorologiques quotidiennes, que nous avons utilisées dans le sous-modèle du système d'aide à la décision pour le transfert de technologie agricole (DSSAT). Nous avons comparé différents cultivars, sols et options d'engrais au cours de trois saisons de plantation. Nous avons analysé les rendements simulés pour classer spatialement les points de changement climatique à fort impact dans les quatre pays. Les résultats montrent un corridor de rendements réduits du lac Nicaragua au centre du Honduras (diminution de 10 à 38 %). Les rendements ont augmenté dans les hauts plateaux guatémaltèques, vers la côte atlantique et dans le sud du Nicaragua (augmentation de 10 à 41 %). Certains agriculteurs pourront s'adapter au changement climatique, mais d'autres devront changer de culture, ce qui nécessitera un soutien extérieur. Les instituts de recherche devront concevoir des technologies permettant aux agriculteurs de s'adapter et de fournir aux décideurs des stratégies réalisables pour les mettre en œuvre. El frijol seco (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) es un cultivo de subsistencia importante en Centroamérica. El cambio climático futuro puede amenazar la producción de frijol seco y poner en peligro la seguridad alimentaria de los pequeños agricultores. Estimamos los cambios en el rendimiento de los frijoles secos debido al cambio climático en estos países utilizando datos reducidos de los modelos de circulación global (GCM) en El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua. Generamos datos meteorológicos diarios, que utilizamos en el submodelo de frijol seco del Sistema de Apoyo a la Decisión para la Transferencia de Agrotecnología (DSSAT). Comparamos diferentes cultivares, suelos y opciones de fertilizantes en tres temporadas de siembra. Analizamos los rendimientos simulados para clasificar espacialmente los puntos de alto impacto del cambio climático en los cuatro países. Los resultados muestran un corredor de rendimientos reducidos desde el lago Nicaragua hasta el centro de Honduras (disminución del 10-38 %). Los rendimientos aumentaron en el altiplano guatemalteco, hacia la costa atlántica y en el sur de Nicaragua (aumento del 10-41 %). Algunos agricultores podrán adaptarse al cambio climático, pero otros tendrán que cambiar los cultivos, lo que requerirá apoyo externo. Las instituciones de investigación deberán idear tecnologías que permitan a los agricultores adaptarse y proporcionar a los responsables políticos estrategias viables para implementarlas. Drybeans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are an important subsistence crop in Central America. Future climate change may threaten drybean production and jeopardize smallholder farmers' food security. We estimated yield changes in drybeans due to changing climate in these countries using downscaled data from global circulation models (GCMs) in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua. We generated daily weather data, which we used in the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) drybean submodel. We compared different cultivars, soils, and fertilizer options in three planting seasons. We analyzed the simulated yields to spatially classify high-impact spots of climate change across the four countries. The results show a corridor of reduced yields from Lake Nicaragua to central Honduras (10-38 % decrease). Yields increased in the Guatemalan highlands, towards the Atlantic coast, and in southern Nicaragua (10-41 % increase). Some farmers will be able to adapt to climate change, but others will have to change crops, which will require external support. Research institutions will need to devise technologies that allow farmers to adapt and provide policy makers with feasible strategies to implement them. الفاصوليا الجافة (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) هي محصول كفاف مهم في أمريكا الوسطى. قد يهدد تغير المناخ في المستقبل إنتاج الفول الجاف ويعرض الأمن الغذائي لصغار المزارعين للخطر. قدرنا تغيرات الغلة في الفاصوليا الجافة بسبب تغير المناخ في هذه البلدان باستخدام بيانات مصغرة من نماذج الدوران العالمية (GCMs) في السلفادور وغواتيمالا وهندوراس ونيكاراغوا. أنشأنا بيانات الطقس اليومية، والتي استخدمناها في النموذج الفرعي للفول الجاف لنظام دعم اتخاذ القرار لنقل التكنولوجيا الزراعية (DSSAT). قارنا الأصناف المختلفة والتربة وخيارات الأسمدة في ثلاثة مواسم للزراعة. قمنا بتحليل الغلة المحاكية لتصنيف البقع عالية التأثير لتغير المناخ مكانيًا عبر البلدان الأربعة. تظهر النتائج ممرًا من انخفاض الغلة من بحيرة نيكاراغوا إلى وسط هندوراس (انخفاض بنسبة 10-38 ٪). وزادت الغلة في المرتفعات الغواتيمالية، باتجاه ساحل المحيط الأطلسي، وفي جنوب نيكاراغوا (زيادة بنسبة 10-41 ٪). سيتمكن بعض المزارعين من التكيف مع تغير المناخ، لكن سيتعين على الآخرين تغيير المحاصيل، الأمر الذي سيتطلب دعمًا خارجيًا. ستحتاج المؤسسات البحثية إلى ابتكار تقنيات تسمح للمزارعين بالتكيف وتزويد صانعي السياسات باستراتيجيات مجدية لتنفيذها.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ CGIAR CGSpace (Consu...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
    Article . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    Other literature type . 2016
    Data sources: PubMed Central
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/8y...
    Other literature type . 2016
    Data sources: Datacite
    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/16...
    Other literature type . 2016
    Data sources: Datacite
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ CGIAR CGSpace (Consu...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
      Article . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      PubMed Central
      Other literature type . 2016
      Data sources: PubMed Central
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/8y...
      Other literature type . 2016
      Data sources: Datacite
      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/16...
      Other literature type . 2016
      Data sources: Datacite
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      This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Anton Eitzinger; Peter Läderach; Beatriz Caballero Rodríguez; Myles Fisher; +3 Authors

    Les haricots secs (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) sont une culture de subsistance importante en Amérique centrale. Le changement climatique futur pourrait menacer la production de haricots secs et mettre en péril la sécurité alimentaire des petits agriculteurs. Nous avons estimé les changements de rendement des haricots secs dus aux changements climatiques dans ces pays à l'aide de données à échelle réduite provenant de modèles de circulation mondiale (GCM) au Salvador, au Guatemala, au Honduras et au Nicaragua. Nous avons généré des données météorologiques quotidiennes, que nous avons utilisées dans le sous-modèle du système d'aide à la décision pour le transfert de technologie agricole (DSSAT). Nous avons comparé différents cultivars, sols et options d'engrais au cours de trois saisons de plantation. Nous avons analysé les rendements simulés pour classer spatialement les points de changement climatique à fort impact dans les quatre pays. Les résultats montrent un corridor de rendements réduits du lac Nicaragua au centre du Honduras (diminution de 10 à 38 %). Les rendements ont augmenté dans les hauts plateaux guatémaltèques, vers la côte atlantique et dans le sud du Nicaragua (augmentation de 10 à 41 %). Certains agriculteurs pourront s'adapter au changement climatique, mais d'autres devront changer de culture, ce qui nécessitera un soutien extérieur. Les instituts de recherche devront concevoir des technologies permettant aux agriculteurs de s'adapter et de fournir aux décideurs des stratégies réalisables pour les mettre en œuvre. El frijol seco (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) es un cultivo de subsistencia importante en Centroamérica. El cambio climático futuro puede amenazar la producción de frijol seco y poner en peligro la seguridad alimentaria de los pequeños agricultores. Estimamos los cambios en el rendimiento de los frijoles secos debido al cambio climático en estos países utilizando datos reducidos de los modelos de circulación global (GCM) en El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua. Generamos datos meteorológicos diarios, que utilizamos en el submodelo de frijol seco del Sistema de Apoyo a la Decisión para la Transferencia de Agrotecnología (DSSAT). Comparamos diferentes cultivares, suelos y opciones de fertilizantes en tres temporadas de siembra. Analizamos los rendimientos simulados para clasificar espacialmente los puntos de alto impacto del cambio climático en los cuatro países. Los resultados muestran un corredor de rendimientos reducidos desde el lago Nicaragua hasta el centro de Honduras (disminución del 10-38 %). Los rendimientos aumentaron en el altiplano guatemalteco, hacia la costa atlántica y en el sur de Nicaragua (aumento del 10-41 %). Algunos agricultores podrán adaptarse al cambio climático, pero otros tendrán que cambiar los cultivos, lo que requerirá apoyo externo. Las instituciones de investigación deberán idear tecnologías que permitan a los agricultores adaptarse y proporcionar a los responsables políticos estrategias viables para implementarlas. Drybeans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are an important subsistence crop in Central America. Future climate change may threaten drybean production and jeopardize smallholder farmers' food security. We estimated yield changes in drybeans due to changing climate in these countries using downscaled data from global circulation models (GCMs) in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua. We generated daily weather data, which we used in the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) drybean submodel. We compared different cultivars, soils, and fertilizer options in three planting seasons. We analyzed the simulated yields to spatially classify high-impact spots of climate change across the four countries. The results show a corridor of reduced yields from Lake Nicaragua to central Honduras (10-38 % decrease). Yields increased in the Guatemalan highlands, towards the Atlantic coast, and in southern Nicaragua (10-41 % increase). Some farmers will be able to adapt to climate change, but others will have to change crops, which will require external support. Research institutions will need to devise technologies that allow farmers to adapt and provide policy makers with feasible strategies to implement them. الفاصوليا الجافة (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) هي محصول كفاف مهم في أمريكا الوسطى. قد يهدد تغير المناخ في المستقبل إنتاج الفول الجاف ويعرض الأمن الغذائي لصغار المزارعين للخطر. قدرنا تغيرات الغلة في الفاصوليا الجافة بسبب تغير المناخ في هذه البلدان باستخدام بيانات مصغرة من نماذج الدوران العالمية (GCMs) في السلفادور وغواتيمالا وهندوراس ونيكاراغوا. أنشأنا بيانات الطقس اليومية، والتي استخدمناها في النموذج الفرعي للفول الجاف لنظام دعم اتخاذ القرار لنقل التكنولوجيا الزراعية (DSSAT). قارنا الأصناف المختلفة والتربة وخيارات الأسمدة في ثلاثة مواسم للزراعة. قمنا بتحليل الغلة المحاكية لتصنيف البقع عالية التأثير لتغير المناخ مكانيًا عبر البلدان الأربعة. تظهر النتائج ممرًا من انخفاض الغلة من بحيرة نيكاراغوا إلى وسط هندوراس (انخفاض بنسبة 10-38 ٪). وزادت الغلة في المرتفعات الغواتيمالية، باتجاه ساحل المحيط الأطلسي، وفي جنوب نيكاراغوا (زيادة بنسبة 10-41 ٪). سيتمكن بعض المزارعين من التكيف مع تغير المناخ، لكن سيتعين على الآخرين تغيير المحاصيل، الأمر الذي سيتطلب دعمًا خارجيًا. ستحتاج المؤسسات البحثية إلى ابتكار تقنيات تسمح للمزارعين بالتكيف وتزويد صانعي السياسات باستراتيجيات مجدية لتنفيذها.

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    Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
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      Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
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    Authors: Juan Carlos Suárez; Milan O. Urban; José Alexander Anzola; Amara Tatiana Contreras; +3 Authors

    Many common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants cultivated in areas of the world with acidic soils exhibit difficulties adapting to low phosphorus (P) availability, along with aluminum (Al) toxicity, causing yield loss. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of an increase in P supply level on the agronomic, phenological, and physiological performance of two common bean breeding lines grown in acidic soil, with low fertility and under high temperature conditions, in a screenhouse. A randomized complete block (RCB) design was used under a factorial arrangement (five levels of P × 2 genotypes) for a total of 10 treatments with four replications. The factors considered in the experiment were: (i) five P supply levels (kg ha−1): four levels of P0, P15, P30, and P45 through the application of rock phosphate (RP), and one P level supplied through the application of organic matter (PSOM) corresponding to 25 kg P ha−1 (P25); and (ii) two advanced bean lines (BFS 10 and SEF10). Both bean lines were grown under the combined stress conditions of high temperatures (day and night maximum temperatures of 42.5 °C/31.1 °C, respectively) and acidic soil. By increasing the supply of P, a significant effect was found, indicating an increase in the growth and development of different vegetative organs, as well as physiological efficiency in photosynthesis and photosynthate remobilization, which resulted in higher grain yield in both bean lines evaluated (BFS 10 and SEF10). The adaptive responses of the two bean lines were found to be related to phenological adjustments (days to flowering and physiological maturity; stomatal development), as well as to heat dissipation strategies in the form of heat (NPQ) or unregulated energy (qN) that contributed to greater agronomic performance. We found that, to some extent, increased P supply alleviated the negative effects of high temperature on the growth and development of the reproductive organs of bean lines. Both bean lines (BFS 10 and SEF 10) showed adaptive attributes suited to the combined stress conditions of high temperature and acidic soil, and these two lines can serve as useful parents in a bean breeding program to develop multiple stress tolerant cultivars.

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    Plants
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    Authors: Juan Carlos Suárez; Milan O. Urban; José Alexander Anzola; Amara Tatiana Contreras; +3 Authors

    Many common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants cultivated in areas of the world with acidic soils exhibit difficulties adapting to low phosphorus (P) availability, along with aluminum (Al) toxicity, causing yield loss. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of an increase in P supply level on the agronomic, phenological, and physiological performance of two common bean breeding lines grown in acidic soil, with low fertility and under high temperature conditions, in a screenhouse. A randomized complete block (RCB) design was used under a factorial arrangement (five levels of P × 2 genotypes) for a total of 10 treatments with four replications. The factors considered in the experiment were: (i) five P supply levels (kg ha−1): four levels of P0, P15, P30, and P45 through the application of rock phosphate (RP), and one P level supplied through the application of organic matter (PSOM) corresponding to 25 kg P ha−1 (P25); and (ii) two advanced bean lines (BFS 10 and SEF10). Both bean lines were grown under the combined stress conditions of high temperatures (day and night maximum temperatures of 42.5 °C/31.1 °C, respectively) and acidic soil. By increasing the supply of P, a significant effect was found, indicating an increase in the growth and development of different vegetative organs, as well as physiological efficiency in photosynthesis and photosynthate remobilization, which resulted in higher grain yield in both bean lines evaluated (BFS 10 and SEF10). The adaptive responses of the two bean lines were found to be related to phenological adjustments (days to flowering and physiological maturity; stomatal development), as well as to heat dissipation strategies in the form of heat (NPQ) or unregulated energy (qN) that contributed to greater agronomic performance. We found that, to some extent, increased P supply alleviated the negative effects of high temperature on the growth and development of the reproductive organs of bean lines. Both bean lines (BFS 10 and SEF 10) showed adaptive attributes suited to the combined stress conditions of high temperature and acidic soil, and these two lines can serve as useful parents in a bean breeding program to develop multiple stress tolerant cultivars.

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    Authors: Chaves Barrantes, Néstor Felipe; Polanía, José; Muñoz Perea , Carlos Germán; Rao, Idupulapati M; +1 Authors

    Traits related with drought resistance in common beans. A set of 16 bean genotypes belonging to the Middle American gene pool were evaluated under field conditions with two levels of water supply (irrigated and drought) over two seasons. Lines SEN 56, BFS 29, NCB 226 and SER 16 showed high grain yield in both irrigated and terminal drought conditions, while RCB 593 and G 40001 showed high grain yield in drought. Drought resistant lines produced at least 15% and 50% more grain yield than EAP 9510-77, commercial check for Central America, in irrigated and drought condition, respectively. In addition, they were also superior to other commercial checks such as DOR 390 and Bribri.

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    Dataset . 2018
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      Dataset . 2018
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Chaves Barrantes, Néstor Felipe; Polanía, José; Muñoz Perea , Carlos Germán; Rao, Idupulapati M; +1 Authors

    Traits related with drought resistance in common beans. A set of 16 bean genotypes belonging to the Middle American gene pool were evaluated under field conditions with two levels of water supply (irrigated and drought) over two seasons. Lines SEN 56, BFS 29, NCB 226 and SER 16 showed high grain yield in both irrigated and terminal drought conditions, while RCB 593 and G 40001 showed high grain yield in drought. Drought resistant lines produced at least 15% and 50% more grain yield than EAP 9510-77, commercial check for Central America, in irrigated and drought condition, respectively. In addition, they were also superior to other commercial checks such as DOR 390 and Bribri.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Harvard Dataversearrow_drop_down
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Eitzinger, Anton; Läderach, Peter; Rodriguez, Beatriz; Fisher, Myles; +3 Authors

    Data were collected by a simulation model to estimate yield changes due to climate change in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua. We analysed the simulated yield changes to spatially classify high-impact spots of climate change across the four countries. We identified hot spots, adaptation spots and pressure spots for drybeans production in the study area and derived three main recommendations.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Harvard Dataversearrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Harvard Dataverse
    Dataset . 2016
    Data sources: Datacite
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Harvard Dataversearrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Harvard Dataverse
      Dataset . 2016
      Data sources: Datacite
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Eitzinger, Anton; Läderach, Peter; Rodriguez, Beatriz; Fisher, Myles; +3 Authors

    Data were collected by a simulation model to estimate yield changes due to climate change in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua. We analysed the simulated yield changes to spatially classify high-impact spots of climate change across the four countries. We identified hot spots, adaptation spots and pressure spots for drybeans production in the study area and derived three main recommendations.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Harvard Dataversearrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Harvard Dataverse
    Dataset . 2016
    Data sources: Datacite
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Harvard Dataversearrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Harvard Dataverse
      Dataset . 2016
      Data sources: Datacite
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Anton Eitzinger; Peter Läderach; Beatriz Caballero Rodríguez; Myles Fisher; +3 Authors

    Les haricots secs (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) sont une culture de subsistance importante en Amérique centrale. Le changement climatique futur pourrait menacer la production de haricots secs et mettre en péril la sécurité alimentaire des petits agriculteurs. Nous avons estimé les changements de rendement des haricots secs dus aux changements climatiques dans ces pays à l'aide de données à échelle réduite provenant de modèles de circulation mondiale (GCM) au Salvador, au Guatemala, au Honduras et au Nicaragua. Nous avons généré des données météorologiques quotidiennes, que nous avons utilisées dans le sous-modèle du système d'aide à la décision pour le transfert de technologie agricole (DSSAT). Nous avons comparé différents cultivars, sols et options d'engrais au cours de trois saisons de plantation. Nous avons analysé les rendements simulés pour classer spatialement les points de changement climatique à fort impact dans les quatre pays. Les résultats montrent un corridor de rendements réduits du lac Nicaragua au centre du Honduras (diminution de 10 à 38 %). Les rendements ont augmenté dans les hauts plateaux guatémaltèques, vers la côte atlantique et dans le sud du Nicaragua (augmentation de 10 à 41 %). Certains agriculteurs pourront s'adapter au changement climatique, mais d'autres devront changer de culture, ce qui nécessitera un soutien extérieur. Les instituts de recherche devront concevoir des technologies permettant aux agriculteurs de s'adapter et de fournir aux décideurs des stratégies réalisables pour les mettre en œuvre. El frijol seco (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) es un cultivo de subsistencia importante en Centroamérica. El cambio climático futuro puede amenazar la producción de frijol seco y poner en peligro la seguridad alimentaria de los pequeños agricultores. Estimamos los cambios en el rendimiento de los frijoles secos debido al cambio climático en estos países utilizando datos reducidos de los modelos de circulación global (GCM) en El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua. Generamos datos meteorológicos diarios, que utilizamos en el submodelo de frijol seco del Sistema de Apoyo a la Decisión para la Transferencia de Agrotecnología (DSSAT). Comparamos diferentes cultivares, suelos y opciones de fertilizantes en tres temporadas de siembra. Analizamos los rendimientos simulados para clasificar espacialmente los puntos de alto impacto del cambio climático en los cuatro países. Los resultados muestran un corredor de rendimientos reducidos desde el lago Nicaragua hasta el centro de Honduras (disminución del 10-38 %). Los rendimientos aumentaron en el altiplano guatemalteco, hacia la costa atlántica y en el sur de Nicaragua (aumento del 10-41 %). Algunos agricultores podrán adaptarse al cambio climático, pero otros tendrán que cambiar los cultivos, lo que requerirá apoyo externo. Las instituciones de investigación deberán idear tecnologías que permitan a los agricultores adaptarse y proporcionar a los responsables políticos estrategias viables para implementarlas. Drybeans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are an important subsistence crop in Central America. Future climate change may threaten drybean production and jeopardize smallholder farmers' food security. We estimated yield changes in drybeans due to changing climate in these countries using downscaled data from global circulation models (GCMs) in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua. We generated daily weather data, which we used in the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) drybean submodel. We compared different cultivars, soils, and fertilizer options in three planting seasons. We analyzed the simulated yields to spatially classify high-impact spots of climate change across the four countries. The results show a corridor of reduced yields from Lake Nicaragua to central Honduras (10-38 % decrease). Yields increased in the Guatemalan highlands, towards the Atlantic coast, and in southern Nicaragua (10-41 % increase). Some farmers will be able to adapt to climate change, but others will have to change crops, which will require external support. Research institutions will need to devise technologies that allow farmers to adapt and provide policy makers with feasible strategies to implement them. الفاصوليا الجافة (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) هي محصول كفاف مهم في أمريكا الوسطى. قد يهدد تغير المناخ في المستقبل إنتاج الفول الجاف ويعرض الأمن الغذائي لصغار المزارعين للخطر. قدرنا تغيرات الغلة في الفاصوليا الجافة بسبب تغير المناخ في هذه البلدان باستخدام بيانات مصغرة من نماذج الدوران العالمية (GCMs) في السلفادور وغواتيمالا وهندوراس ونيكاراغوا. أنشأنا بيانات الطقس اليومية، والتي استخدمناها في النموذج الفرعي للفول الجاف لنظام دعم اتخاذ القرار لنقل التكنولوجيا الزراعية (DSSAT). قارنا الأصناف المختلفة والتربة وخيارات الأسمدة في ثلاثة مواسم للزراعة. قمنا بتحليل الغلة المحاكية لتصنيف البقع عالية التأثير لتغير المناخ مكانيًا عبر البلدان الأربعة. تظهر النتائج ممرًا من انخفاض الغلة من بحيرة نيكاراغوا إلى وسط هندوراس (انخفاض بنسبة 10-38 ٪). وزادت الغلة في المرتفعات الغواتيمالية، باتجاه ساحل المحيط الأطلسي، وفي جنوب نيكاراغوا (زيادة بنسبة 10-41 ٪). سيتمكن بعض المزارعين من التكيف مع تغير المناخ، لكن سيتعين على الآخرين تغيير المحاصيل، الأمر الذي سيتطلب دعمًا خارجيًا. ستحتاج المؤسسات البحثية إلى ابتكار تقنيات تسمح للمزارعين بالتكيف وتزويد صانعي السياسات باستراتيجيات مجدية لتنفيذها.

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    Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
    Article . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    Other literature type . 2016
    Data sources: PubMed Central
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/8y...
    Other literature type . 2016
    Data sources: Datacite
    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/16...
    Other literature type . 2016
    Data sources: Datacite
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ CGIAR CGSpace (Consu...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
      Article . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    Authors: Anton Eitzinger; Peter Läderach; Beatriz Caballero Rodríguez; Myles Fisher; +3 Authors

    Les haricots secs (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) sont une culture de subsistance importante en Amérique centrale. Le changement climatique futur pourrait menacer la production de haricots secs et mettre en péril la sécurité alimentaire des petits agriculteurs. Nous avons estimé les changements de rendement des haricots secs dus aux changements climatiques dans ces pays à l'aide de données à échelle réduite provenant de modèles de circulation mondiale (GCM) au Salvador, au Guatemala, au Honduras et au Nicaragua. Nous avons généré des données météorologiques quotidiennes, que nous avons utilisées dans le sous-modèle du système d'aide à la décision pour le transfert de technologie agricole (DSSAT). Nous avons comparé différents cultivars, sols et options d'engrais au cours de trois saisons de plantation. Nous avons analysé les rendements simulés pour classer spatialement les points de changement climatique à fort impact dans les quatre pays. Les résultats montrent un corridor de rendements réduits du lac Nicaragua au centre du Honduras (diminution de 10 à 38 %). Les rendements ont augmenté dans les hauts plateaux guatémaltèques, vers la côte atlantique et dans le sud du Nicaragua (augmentation de 10 à 41 %). Certains agriculteurs pourront s'adapter au changement climatique, mais d'autres devront changer de culture, ce qui nécessitera un soutien extérieur. Les instituts de recherche devront concevoir des technologies permettant aux agriculteurs de s'adapter et de fournir aux décideurs des stratégies réalisables pour les mettre en œuvre. El frijol seco (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) es un cultivo de subsistencia importante en Centroamérica. El cambio climático futuro puede amenazar la producción de frijol seco y poner en peligro la seguridad alimentaria de los pequeños agricultores. Estimamos los cambios en el rendimiento de los frijoles secos debido al cambio climático en estos países utilizando datos reducidos de los modelos de circulación global (GCM) en El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua. Generamos datos meteorológicos diarios, que utilizamos en el submodelo de frijol seco del Sistema de Apoyo a la Decisión para la Transferencia de Agrotecnología (DSSAT). Comparamos diferentes cultivares, suelos y opciones de fertilizantes en tres temporadas de siembra. Analizamos los rendimientos simulados para clasificar espacialmente los puntos de alto impacto del cambio climático en los cuatro países. Los resultados muestran un corredor de rendimientos reducidos desde el lago Nicaragua hasta el centro de Honduras (disminución del 10-38 %). Los rendimientos aumentaron en el altiplano guatemalteco, hacia la costa atlántica y en el sur de Nicaragua (aumento del 10-41 %). Algunos agricultores podrán adaptarse al cambio climático, pero otros tendrán que cambiar los cultivos, lo que requerirá apoyo externo. Las instituciones de investigación deberán idear tecnologías que permitan a los agricultores adaptarse y proporcionar a los responsables políticos estrategias viables para implementarlas. Drybeans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are an important subsistence crop in Central America. Future climate change may threaten drybean production and jeopardize smallholder farmers' food security. We estimated yield changes in drybeans due to changing climate in these countries using downscaled data from global circulation models (GCMs) in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua. We generated daily weather data, which we used in the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) drybean submodel. We compared different cultivars, soils, and fertilizer options in three planting seasons. We analyzed the simulated yields to spatially classify high-impact spots of climate change across the four countries. The results show a corridor of reduced yields from Lake Nicaragua to central Honduras (10-38 % decrease). Yields increased in the Guatemalan highlands, towards the Atlantic coast, and in southern Nicaragua (10-41 % increase). Some farmers will be able to adapt to climate change, but others will have to change crops, which will require external support. Research institutions will need to devise technologies that allow farmers to adapt and provide policy makers with feasible strategies to implement them. الفاصوليا الجافة (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) هي محصول كفاف مهم في أمريكا الوسطى. قد يهدد تغير المناخ في المستقبل إنتاج الفول الجاف ويعرض الأمن الغذائي لصغار المزارعين للخطر. قدرنا تغيرات الغلة في الفاصوليا الجافة بسبب تغير المناخ في هذه البلدان باستخدام بيانات مصغرة من نماذج الدوران العالمية (GCMs) في السلفادور وغواتيمالا وهندوراس ونيكاراغوا. أنشأنا بيانات الطقس اليومية، والتي استخدمناها في النموذج الفرعي للفول الجاف لنظام دعم اتخاذ القرار لنقل التكنولوجيا الزراعية (DSSAT). قارنا الأصناف المختلفة والتربة وخيارات الأسمدة في ثلاثة مواسم للزراعة. قمنا بتحليل الغلة المحاكية لتصنيف البقع عالية التأثير لتغير المناخ مكانيًا عبر البلدان الأربعة. تظهر النتائج ممرًا من انخفاض الغلة من بحيرة نيكاراغوا إلى وسط هندوراس (انخفاض بنسبة 10-38 ٪). وزادت الغلة في المرتفعات الغواتيمالية، باتجاه ساحل المحيط الأطلسي، وفي جنوب نيكاراغوا (زيادة بنسبة 10-41 ٪). سيتمكن بعض المزارعين من التكيف مع تغير المناخ، لكن سيتعين على الآخرين تغيير المحاصيل، الأمر الذي سيتطلب دعمًا خارجيًا. ستحتاج المؤسسات البحثية إلى ابتكار تقنيات تسمح للمزارعين بالتكيف وتزويد صانعي السياسات باستراتيجيات مجدية لتنفيذها.

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    Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
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      Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
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    Authors: Juan Carlos Suárez; Milan O. Urban; José Alexander Anzola; Amara Tatiana Contreras; +3 Authors

    Many common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants cultivated in areas of the world with acidic soils exhibit difficulties adapting to low phosphorus (P) availability, along with aluminum (Al) toxicity, causing yield loss. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of an increase in P supply level on the agronomic, phenological, and physiological performance of two common bean breeding lines grown in acidic soil, with low fertility and under high temperature conditions, in a screenhouse. A randomized complete block (RCB) design was used under a factorial arrangement (five levels of P × 2 genotypes) for a total of 10 treatments with four replications. The factors considered in the experiment were: (i) five P supply levels (kg ha−1): four levels of P0, P15, P30, and P45 through the application of rock phosphate (RP), and one P level supplied through the application of organic matter (PSOM) corresponding to 25 kg P ha−1 (P25); and (ii) two advanced bean lines (BFS 10 and SEF10). Both bean lines were grown under the combined stress conditions of high temperatures (day and night maximum temperatures of 42.5 °C/31.1 °C, respectively) and acidic soil. By increasing the supply of P, a significant effect was found, indicating an increase in the growth and development of different vegetative organs, as well as physiological efficiency in photosynthesis and photosynthate remobilization, which resulted in higher grain yield in both bean lines evaluated (BFS 10 and SEF10). The adaptive responses of the two bean lines were found to be related to phenological adjustments (days to flowering and physiological maturity; stomatal development), as well as to heat dissipation strategies in the form of heat (NPQ) or unregulated energy (qN) that contributed to greater agronomic performance. We found that, to some extent, increased P supply alleviated the negative effects of high temperature on the growth and development of the reproductive organs of bean lines. Both bean lines (BFS 10 and SEF 10) showed adaptive attributes suited to the combined stress conditions of high temperature and acidic soil, and these two lines can serve as useful parents in a bean breeding program to develop multiple stress tolerant cultivars.

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    Plants
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    Authors: Juan Carlos Suárez; Milan O. Urban; José Alexander Anzola; Amara Tatiana Contreras; +3 Authors

    Many common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants cultivated in areas of the world with acidic soils exhibit difficulties adapting to low phosphorus (P) availability, along with aluminum (Al) toxicity, causing yield loss. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of an increase in P supply level on the agronomic, phenological, and physiological performance of two common bean breeding lines grown in acidic soil, with low fertility and under high temperature conditions, in a screenhouse. A randomized complete block (RCB) design was used under a factorial arrangement (five levels of P × 2 genotypes) for a total of 10 treatments with four replications. The factors considered in the experiment were: (i) five P supply levels (kg ha−1): four levels of P0, P15, P30, and P45 through the application of rock phosphate (RP), and one P level supplied through the application of organic matter (PSOM) corresponding to 25 kg P ha−1 (P25); and (ii) two advanced bean lines (BFS 10 and SEF10). Both bean lines were grown under the combined stress conditions of high temperatures (day and night maximum temperatures of 42.5 °C/31.1 °C, respectively) and acidic soil. By increasing the supply of P, a significant effect was found, indicating an increase in the growth and development of different vegetative organs, as well as physiological efficiency in photosynthesis and photosynthate remobilization, which resulted in higher grain yield in both bean lines evaluated (BFS 10 and SEF10). The adaptive responses of the two bean lines were found to be related to phenological adjustments (days to flowering and physiological maturity; stomatal development), as well as to heat dissipation strategies in the form of heat (NPQ) or unregulated energy (qN) that contributed to greater agronomic performance. We found that, to some extent, increased P supply alleviated the negative effects of high temperature on the growth and development of the reproductive organs of bean lines. Both bean lines (BFS 10 and SEF 10) showed adaptive attributes suited to the combined stress conditions of high temperature and acidic soil, and these two lines can serve as useful parents in a bean breeding program to develop multiple stress tolerant cultivars.

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    Authors: Chaves Barrantes, Néstor Felipe; Polanía, José; Muñoz Perea , Carlos Germán; Rao, Idupulapati M; +1 Authors

    Traits related with drought resistance in common beans. A set of 16 bean genotypes belonging to the Middle American gene pool were evaluated under field conditions with two levels of water supply (irrigated and drought) over two seasons. Lines SEN 56, BFS 29, NCB 226 and SER 16 showed high grain yield in both irrigated and terminal drought conditions, while RCB 593 and G 40001 showed high grain yield in drought. Drought resistant lines produced at least 15% and 50% more grain yield than EAP 9510-77, commercial check for Central America, in irrigated and drought condition, respectively. In addition, they were also superior to other commercial checks such as DOR 390 and Bribri.

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    Authors: Chaves Barrantes, Néstor Felipe; Polanía, José; Muñoz Perea , Carlos Germán; Rao, Idupulapati M; +1 Authors

    Traits related with drought resistance in common beans. A set of 16 bean genotypes belonging to the Middle American gene pool were evaluated under field conditions with two levels of water supply (irrigated and drought) over two seasons. Lines SEN 56, BFS 29, NCB 226 and SER 16 showed high grain yield in both irrigated and terminal drought conditions, while RCB 593 and G 40001 showed high grain yield in drought. Drought resistant lines produced at least 15% and 50% more grain yield than EAP 9510-77, commercial check for Central America, in irrigated and drought condition, respectively. In addition, they were also superior to other commercial checks such as DOR 390 and Bribri.

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