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Project: GCOS Earth Heat Inventory - A study under the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) concerted international effort to update the Earth heat inventory (EHI), and presents an updated international assessment of ocean warming estimates, and new and updated estimates of heat gain in the atmosphere, cryosphere and land over the period from 1960 to present. Summary: The file “GCOS_EHI_1960-2020_Earth_Heat_Inventory_Ocean_Heat_Content_data.nc” contains a consistent long-term Earth system heat inventory over the period 1960-2020. Human-induced atmospheric composition changes cause a radiative imbalance at the top-of-atmosphere which is driving global warming. Understanding the heat gain of the Earth system from this accumulated heat – and particularly how much and where the heat is distributed in the Earth system - is fundamental to understanding how this affects warming oceans, atmosphere and land, rising temperatures and sea level, and loss of grounded and floating ice, which are fundamental concerns for society. This dataset is based on a study under the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) concerted international effort to update the Earth heat inventory published in von Schuckmann et al. (2020), and presents an updated international assessment of ocean warming estimates, and new and updated estimates of heat gain in the atmosphere, cryosphere and land over the period 1960-2020. The dataset also contains estimates for global ocean heat content over 1960-2020 for different depth layers, i.e., 0-300m, 0-700m, 700-2000m, 0-2000m, 2000-bottom, which are described in von Schuckmann et al. (2022). This version includes an update of heat storage of global ocean heat content, where one additional product (Li et al., 2022) had been included to the initial estimate. The Earth heat inventory had been updated accordingly, considering also the update for continental heat content (Cuesta-Valero et al., 2023).

Project: GCOS Earth Heat Inventory - A study under the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) concerted international effort to update the Earth heat inventory (EHI), and presents an updated international assessment of ocean warming estimates, and new and updated estimates of heat gain in the atmosphere, cryosphere and land over the period from 1960 to present. Summary: The file “GCOS_EHI_1960-2020_Continental_Heat_Content_data.nc” presents an updated estimate of the global continental heat storage for the period 1960-2020. For the first time, the continental heat storage is assessed as composed by: ground heat storage due to changes in subsurface temperatures, inland water heat storage due to the warming of inland water bodies, and permafrost heat storage due to thawing of ground ice in the Arctic. Furthermore, we argue that all three components of the continental heat storage should be monitored independently of their relative magnitude, as heat gain in the three components alters several important climate phenomena affecting society and ecosystems. This file contains the total continental heat storage relative to 1960. The ground heat storage has been estimated by inverting 1079 subsurface temperature profiles form the Xibalbá database (https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Xibalb_Underground_Temperature_Database/13516487) and a bootstrap technique to aggregate the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) inversions of each profile (Cuesta-Valero et al., 2022a). The data are used in Cuesta-Valero et al. (2022b) and von Schuckmann et al. (2022).

Project: GCOS Earth Heat Inventory - A study under the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) concerted international effort to update the Earth heat inventory (EHI), and presents an updated international assessment of ocean warming estimates, and new and updated estimates of heat gain in the atmosphere, cryosphere and land over the period from 1960 to present. Summary: The file “GCOS_EHI_1960-2020_Continental_Heat_Content_data.nc” presents an updated estimate of the global continental heat storage for the period 1960-2020. For the first time, the continental heat storage is assessed as composed by: ground heat storage due to changes in subsurface temperatures, inland water heat storage due to the warming of inland water bodies, and permafrost heat storage due to thawing of ground ice in the Arctic. Furthermore, we argue that all three components of the continental heat storage should be monitored independently of their relative magnitude, as heat gain in the three components alters several important climate phenomena affecting society and ecosystems. This file contains the total continental heat storage relative to 1960. The ground heat storage has been estimated by inverting 1079 subsurface temperature profiles form the Xibalbá database (https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Xibalb_Underground_Temperature_Database/13516487) and a bootstrap technique to aggregate the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) inversions of each profile (Cuesta-Valero et al., 2022a). The data are used in Cuesta-Valero et al. (2022b) and von Schuckmann et al. (2022). This version includes an update of continental heat content uncertainty, where the standard deviation has been corrected from the precedent version to consider properly the value from permafrost heat storage uncertainty.