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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Ermias Engida Legesse; Amit Kumar Srivastava; Arnim Kuhn; Thomas Gaiser;

    High population growth in Ethiopia is aggravating farmland scarcity, as the agrarian share of the population stays persistently high, and also creates increasing demand for food and non-food biomass. Based on this fact, this study investigates welfare implications of intensification measures like interventions that improve access and use efficiency to modern farming inputs. Using a dynamic meso-economic modeling framework for Ethiopia, ex-ante scenarios that simulate a) decreased costs of fertilizer use and b) elevated efficiency of fertilizer application for all crops are run for a period of 20 years. Fertilizer-yield response functions are estimated (based on results from an agronomic crop model and actual survey data) and embedded into the economic model in order to get realistic marginal returns to fertilizer application. This is our novel methodological contribution in which we introduce how to calculate input use inefficiency based on attainable yield levels from agronomic crop model and actual yield levels. Simultaneous implementation of these interventions lead to annual yield increases of 8.7 percent for an average crop farmer compared to the current level. Increased fertilizer application is also found to be profitable for an average farmer despite price reduction for crops following increased market supply. As a result of price and income effects of the interventions, all household types exhibit welfare gain. Non-farming households, being net consumers, enjoy lower costs of living. Rural farming households enjoy even higher welfare gain than non-farming households because they consume a higher share from crop commodities that become cheaper, and because their farming profits increase.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Sustainabilityarrow_drop_down
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    Sustainability
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Sustainability
    Article
    License: CC BY
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Sustainability
    Article . 2019
    Data sources: DOAJ
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Sustainabilityarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Sustainability
      Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Sustainability
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Sustainability
      Article . 2019
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: INRA, URP3F, France ( host institution ); Durand, Jean-Louis ( author ); Delusca, Kenel ( author ); Boote, Ken ( UF author ); +34 Authors

    This study assesses the ability of 21 crop models to capture the impact of elevated CO2 concentration ([CO2]) on maize yield and water use as measured in a 2-year Free Air Carbon dioxide Enrichment experiment conducted at the Thunen Institute in Braunschweig, Germany (Manderscheid et al., 2014). Data for ambient [CO2] and irrigated treatments were provided to the 21 models for calibrating plant traits, including weather, soil and management data as well as yield, grain number, above ground biomass, leaf area index, nitrogen concentration in biomass and grain, water use and soil water content. Models differed in their representation of carbon assimilation and evapotranspiration processes. The models reproduced the absence of yield response to elevated [CO2] under well-watered conditions, as well as the impact of water deficit at ambient [CO2], with 50% of models within a range of +/−1 Mg ha−1 around the mean. The bias of the median of the 21 models was less than 1 Mg ha−1. However under water deficit in one of the two years, the models captured only 30% of the exceptionally high [CO2] enhancement on yield observed. Furthermore the ensemble of models was unable to simulate the very low soil water content at anthesis and the increase of soil water and grain number brought about by the elevated [CO2] under dry conditions. Overall, we found models with explicit stomatal control on transpiration tended to perform better. Our results highlight the need for model improvement with respect to simulating transpirational water use and its impact on water status during the kernel-set phase.

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    European Journal of Agronomy
    Article
    License: CC BY NC ND
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    Agritrop
    Article . 2017
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    European Journal of Agronomy
    Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
    Data sources: Crossref
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ University of Florid...arrow_drop_down
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      European Journal of Agronomy
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Agritrop
      Article . 2017
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      European Journal of Agronomy
      Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Elsevier TDM
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Evgenios Agathokleous; Michael Frei; Oliver M. Knopf; Onno Muller; +11 Authors

    Nature food 4(10), 854 - 865 (2023). doi:10.1038/s43016-023-00858-y Published by Nature Research, London

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Nature Foodarrow_drop_down
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    Nature Food
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Springer Nature TDM
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    Nature Food
    Article . 2023
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Nature Foodarrow_drop_down
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      Nature Food
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      Article . 2023
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Jianhua Dong; Wenzhi Zeng; Guoqing Lei; Lifeng Wu; +5 Authors
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Journal of Hydrology
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Journal of Hydrologyarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Journal of Hydrology
      Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Babacar Faye; Heidi Webber; Jesse B. Naab; Dilys S. MacCarthy; +14 Authors

    Pour réduire les risques du changement climatique, les gouvernements ont convenu dans l'Accord de Paris de limiter l'augmentation de la température mondiale à moins de 2,0 °C par rapport aux niveaux préindustriels, avec l'ambition de maintenir le réchauffement à 1,5 °C. La cartographie des réponses d'atténuation appropriées nécessite des informations sur les coûts d'atténuation par rapport aux dommages associés pour les deux niveaux de réchauffement. Dans cette évaluation, une considération critique est l'impact sur les rendements des cultures et la variabilité des rendements dans les régions actuellement confrontées à l'insécurité alimentaire. La présente étude a évalué les impacts de 1,5 °C par rapport à 2,0 °C sur les rendements du maïs, du millet perlé et du sorgho dans la savane soudanaise d'Afrique de l'Ouest en utilisant deux modèles de culture qui ont été calibrés avec des variétés communes issues d'expériences dans la région, la gestion reflétant une gamme de fenêtres de semis typiques. Comme l'intensification durable est encouragée dans la région pour améliorer la sécurité alimentaire, des simulations ont été menées à la fois pour l'utilisation actuelle d'engrais et pour un cas d'intensification (fertilité non limitative). Avec l'utilisation actuelle d'engrais, les résultats ont indiqué des pertes plus élevées de 2 % pour le maïs et le sorgho avec 2,0 °C par rapport au réchauffement de 1,5 °C, sans changement dans les rendements en mil pour aucun des scénarios. Dans le cas de l'intensification, les pertes de rendement dues au changement climatique étaient plus importantes qu'avec les niveaux actuels d'engrais. Cependant, malgré les pertes plus importantes, les rendements ont toujours été deux à trois fois plus élevés avec l'intensification, quel que soit le scénario de réchauffement. Bien que la variabilité du rendement ait augmenté avec l'intensification, il n'y avait aucune interaction avec le scénario de réchauffement. Une analyse des risques et du marché est nécessaire pour étendre ces résultats afin de comprendre les implications pour la sécurité alimentaire. Para reducir los riesgos del cambio climático, los gobiernos acordaron en el Acuerdo de París limitar el aumento de la temperatura global a menos de 2,0 °C por encima de los niveles preindustriales, con la ambición de mantener el calentamiento a 1,5 °C. El trazado de las respuestas de mitigación apropiadas requiere información sobre los costos de la mitigación frente a los daños asociados para los dos niveles de calentamiento. En esta evaluación, una consideración crítica es el impacto en los rendimientos de los cultivos y la variabilidad del rendimiento en las regiones actualmente desafiadas por la inseguridad alimentaria. El estudio actual evaluó los impactos de 1,5 °C frente a 2,0 °C en los rendimientos de maíz, mijo perla y sorgo en la sabana de Sudán de África Occidental utilizando dos modelos de cultivo que se calibraron con variedades comunes de experimentos en la región con un manejo que refleja una gama de ventanas de siembra típicas. A medida que se promueve la intensificación sostenible en la región para mejorar la seguridad alimentaria, se realizaron simulaciones tanto para el uso actual de fertilizantes como para un caso de intensificación (fertilidad no limitante). Con el uso actual de fertilizantes, los resultados indicaron pérdidas un 2% mayores para el maíz y el sorgo con 2,0 °C en comparación con el calentamiento de 1,5 °C, sin cambios en los rendimientos de mijo para ninguno de los dos escenarios. En el caso de la intensificación, las pérdidas de rendimiento debido al cambio climático fueron mayores que con los niveles actuales de fertilizantes. Sin embargo, a pesar de las mayores pérdidas, los rendimientos siempre fueron de dos a tres veces más altos con la intensificación, independientemente del escenario de calentamiento. Aunque la variabilidad del rendimiento aumentó con la intensificación, no hubo interacción con el escenario de calentamiento. Se necesitan análisis de riesgos y de mercado para ampliar estos resultados y comprender las implicaciones para la seguridad alimentaria. To reduce the risks of climate change, governments agreed in the Paris Agreement to limit global temperature rise to less than 2.0 °C above pre-industrial levels, with the ambition to keep warming to 1.5 °C. Charting appropriate mitigation responses requires information on the costs of mitigating versus associated damages for the two levels of warming. In this assessment, a critical consideration is the impact on crop yields and yield variability in regions currently challenged by food insecurity. The current study assessed impacts of 1.5 °C versus 2.0 °C on yields of maize, pearl millet and sorghum in the West African Sudan Savanna using two crop models that were calibrated with common varieties from experiments in the region with management reflecting a range of typical sowing windows. As sustainable intensification is promoted in the region for improving food security, simulations were conducted for both current fertilizer use and for an intensification case (fertility not limiting). With current fertilizer use, results indicated 2% units higher losses for maize and sorghum with 2.0 °C compared to 1.5 °C warming, with no change in millet yields for either scenario. In the intensification case, yield losses due to climate change were larger than with current fertilizer levels. However, despite the larger losses, yields were always two to three times higher with intensification, irrespective of the warming scenario. Though yield variability increased with intensification, there was no interaction with warming scenario. Risk and market analysis are needed to extend these results to understand implications for food security. للحد من مخاطر تغير المناخ، اتفقت الحكومات في اتفاقية باريس على الحد من ارتفاع درجة الحرارة العالمية إلى أقل من 2.0 درجة مئوية فوق مستويات ما قبل الصناعة، مع طموح للحفاظ على ارتفاع درجة الحرارة إلى 1.5 درجة مئوية. يتطلب رسم استجابات التخفيف المناسبة معلومات عن تكاليف التخفيف مقابل الأضرار المرتبطة بمستويي الاحترار. في هذا التقييم، يتمثل أحد الاعتبارات الهامة في التأثير على غلة المحاصيل وتقلب الغلة في المناطق التي تواجه حاليًا انعدام الأمن الغذائي. قيمت الدراسة الحالية تأثيرات 1.5 درجة مئوية مقابل 2.0 درجة مئوية على غلة الذرة والدخن اللؤلؤي والذرة الرفيعة في سافانا غرب إفريقيا باستخدام نموذجين للمحاصيل تمت معايرتهما بأصناف شائعة من التجارب في المنطقة مع الإدارة التي تعكس مجموعة من نوافذ البذر النموذجية. ومع تعزيز التكثيف المستدام في المنطقة لتحسين الأمن الغذائي، أجريت عمليات محاكاة لكل من الاستخدام الحالي للأسمدة وحالة التكثيف (الخصوبة غير محدودة). مع استخدام الأسمدة الحالي، أشارت النتائج إلى خسائر أعلى بنسبة 2 ٪ للذرة والذرة الرفيعة مع 2.0 درجة مئوية مقارنة بالاحترار 1.5 درجة مئوية، مع عدم وجود تغيير في غلة الدخن لأي من السيناريوهين. في حالة التكثيف، كانت خسائر الغلة بسبب تغير المناخ أكبر من مستويات الأسمدة الحالية. ومع ذلك، على الرغم من الخسائر الأكبر، كانت الغلة دائمًا أعلى مرتين إلى ثلاث مرات مع التكثيف، بغض النظر عن سيناريو الاحترار. على الرغم من زيادة تقلب المحصول مع التكثيف، لم يكن هناك تفاعل مع سيناريو الاحترار. هناك حاجة إلى تحليل المخاطر والسوق لتوسيع نطاق هذه النتائج لفهم الآثار المترتبة على الأمن الغذائي.

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    Environmental Research Letters
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    Authors: Wicke, Birka; Smeets, Edward; Dornburg, Veronika; Vashev, Boris; +3 Authors

    An analysis of bioenergy production on salt-affected land indicates that this type of degraded land has a considerable technical and economic potential for sustainably producing bioenergy.

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    Energy & Environmental Science
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      Energy & Environmental Science
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    Authors: Gina Lopez; Thomas Gaiser; Frank Ewert; Amit Srivastava;

    In recent years, evidence of recent climate change has been identified in South America, affecting agricultural production negatively. In response to this, our study employs a crop modelling approach to estimate the effects of recent climate change on maize yield in four provinces of Ecuador. One of them belongs to a semi-arid area. The trend analysis of maximum temperature, minimum temperature, precipitation, wind speed, and solar radiation was done for 36 years (from 1984 to 2019) using the Mann–Kendall test. Furthermore, we simulated (using the LINTUL5 model) the counterfactual maize yield under current crop management in the same time-span. During the crop growing period, results show an increasing trend in the temperature in all the four studied provinces. Los Rios and Manabi showed a decreasing trend in radiation, whereas the semi-arid Loja depicted a decreasing precipitation trend. Regarding the effects of climate change on maize yield, the semi-arid province Loja showed a more significant negative impact, followed by Manabi. The yield losses were roughly 40 kg ha−1 and 10 kg ha−1 per year, respectively, when 250 kg N ha−1 is applied. The simulation results showed no effect in Guayas and Los Rios. The length of the crop growing period was significantly different in the period before and after 2002 in all provinces. In conclusion, the recent climate change impact on maize yield differs spatially and is more significant in the semi-arid regions.

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    Atmosphere
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    Authors: Yawovi Sena Koglo; Wilson Agyei Agyare; Grace B. Villamor; Kouami Kokou; +4 Authors

    Accurate forest reference and emission level (FRL, FREL) with related policies and regulations are the key determinants in establishing sustainable forest ecosystem management programmes (e.g. REDD+). This fundamental is for promoting and sustaining climate smart agricultural practices in a changing climate. With the aim to deliver better knowledge to the scientific community and policy makers on regulations and existing tools for more rigorous scientific communication when it comes to FRL and FREL accountability and policies. Thus, this review investigates forest in the changing climate and policies and underlines the performance of land use transition and intensity analysis towards deforestation with some key examples and achievements (e.g. Togo). Simply put, (i) forest as break of greenhouse gas (GHGs) and ecosystem regulator, (ii) policies and REDD+ actions, (iii) potential drivers and (iv) transition and intensity analysis approach for their accountability are discussed. In sum, impressive studies, policies and regulations are under initiations and implementations regarding the role, place and evaluation of forest losses and its ecosystem functions and services. However, there are still some gaps when it comes to: the choice of the evaluation methods in the real context of a specific ecosystem as well as the firm implementations of formulating policies in developing countries. This paper concludes with some policy measures for forest sustainability, carbon enhancement and accountability.

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      https://www.preprints.org/manu...
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/q1...
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Julien Minet; Kurt Christian Kersebaum; Françoise Ruget; A.J.W. de Wit; +37 Authors

    Climate change is expected to severely affect cropping systems and food production in many parts of the world unless local adaptation can ameliorate these impacts. Ensembles of crop simulation models can be useful tools for assessing if proposed adaptation options are capable of achieving target yields, whilst also quantifying the share of uncertainty in the simulated crop impact resulting from the crop models themselves. Although some studies have analysed the influence of ensemble size on model outcomes, the effect of ensemble composition has not yet been properly appraised. Moreover, results and derived recommendations typically rely on averaged ensemble simulation results without accounting sufficiently for the spread of model outcomes. Therefore, we developed an Ensemble Outcome Agreement (EOA) index, which analyses the effect of changes in composition and size of a multi-model ensemble (MME) to evaluate the level of agreement between MME outcomes with respect to a given hypothesis (e.g. that adaptation measures result in positive crop responses). We analysed the recommendations of a previous study performed with an ensemble of 17 crop models and testing 54 adaptation options for rainfed winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at Lleida (NE Spain) under perturbed conditions of temperature, precipitation and atmospheric CO2 concentration. Our results confirmed that most adaptations recommended in the previous study have a positive effect. However, we also showed that some options did not remain recommendable in specific conditions if different ensembles were considered. Using EOA, we were able to identify the adaptation options for which there is high confidence in their effectiveness at enhancing yields, even under severe climate perturbations. These include substituting spring wheat for winter wheat combined with earlier sowing dates and standard or longer duration cultivars, or introducing supplementary irrigation, the latter increasing EOA values in all cases. There is low confidence in recovering yields to baseline levels, although this target could be attained for some adaptation options under moderate climate perturbations. Recommendations derived from such robust results may provide crucial information for stakeholders seeking to implement adaptation measures.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Agricultural and For...arrow_drop_down
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    Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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    Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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    Wageningen Staff Publications
    Article . 2019
    License: CC BY
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      Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
      Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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      Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Wageningen Staff Publications
      Article . 2019
      License: CC BY
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Gina Lopez; Hannah Beate Kolem; Amit Kumar Srivastava; Thomas Gaiser; +1 Authors

    Food security is an increasingly serious problem worldwide, and especially in sub-Saharan Africa. As land and resources are limited and environmental problems caused by agriculture are worsening, more efficient ways to use the resources available must be found. The objective of this study was to display the spatial variability in crop yield and resource use efficiencies across Nigeria and to give recommendations for improvement. Based on simulations from the crop model LINTUL5 we analyzed the influence of fertilizer application on the parameters Water Use Efficiency (WUE), Fertilizer Use Efficiency (FUE), and Radiation Use Efficiency (RUE) in maize. High spatial variability was observed, especially between the north and the south of the country. The highest potential for yield improvement was found in the south. While WUE and RUE increased with higher rates of fertilizer application, FUE decreased with higher rates. In order to improve these resource use efficiencies, we suggest optimizing management strategies, demand-oriented fertilizer application, and breeding for efficient traits.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Sustainabilityarrow_drop_down
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    Sustainability
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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    Article . 2019
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34 Research products
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Ermias Engida Legesse; Amit Kumar Srivastava; Arnim Kuhn; Thomas Gaiser;

    High population growth in Ethiopia is aggravating farmland scarcity, as the agrarian share of the population stays persistently high, and also creates increasing demand for food and non-food biomass. Based on this fact, this study investigates welfare implications of intensification measures like interventions that improve access and use efficiency to modern farming inputs. Using a dynamic meso-economic modeling framework for Ethiopia, ex-ante scenarios that simulate a) decreased costs of fertilizer use and b) elevated efficiency of fertilizer application for all crops are run for a period of 20 years. Fertilizer-yield response functions are estimated (based on results from an agronomic crop model and actual survey data) and embedded into the economic model in order to get realistic marginal returns to fertilizer application. This is our novel methodological contribution in which we introduce how to calculate input use inefficiency based on attainable yield levels from agronomic crop model and actual yield levels. Simultaneous implementation of these interventions lead to annual yield increases of 8.7 percent for an average crop farmer compared to the current level. Increased fertilizer application is also found to be profitable for an average farmer despite price reduction for crops following increased market supply. As a result of price and income effects of the interventions, all household types exhibit welfare gain. Non-farming households, being net consumers, enjoy lower costs of living. Rural farming households enjoy even higher welfare gain than non-farming households because they consume a higher share from crop commodities that become cheaper, and because their farming profits increase.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Sustainabilityarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Sustainability
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    Article . 2019
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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      Article . 2019
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: INRA, URP3F, France ( host institution ); Durand, Jean-Louis ( author ); Delusca, Kenel ( author ); Boote, Ken ( UF author ); +34 Authors

    This study assesses the ability of 21 crop models to capture the impact of elevated CO2 concentration ([CO2]) on maize yield and water use as measured in a 2-year Free Air Carbon dioxide Enrichment experiment conducted at the Thunen Institute in Braunschweig, Germany (Manderscheid et al., 2014). Data for ambient [CO2] and irrigated treatments were provided to the 21 models for calibrating plant traits, including weather, soil and management data as well as yield, grain number, above ground biomass, leaf area index, nitrogen concentration in biomass and grain, water use and soil water content. Models differed in their representation of carbon assimilation and evapotranspiration processes. The models reproduced the absence of yield response to elevated [CO2] under well-watered conditions, as well as the impact of water deficit at ambient [CO2], with 50% of models within a range of +/−1 Mg ha−1 around the mean. The bias of the median of the 21 models was less than 1 Mg ha−1. However under water deficit in one of the two years, the models captured only 30% of the exceptionally high [CO2] enhancement on yield observed. Furthermore the ensemble of models was unable to simulate the very low soil water content at anthesis and the increase of soil water and grain number brought about by the elevated [CO2] under dry conditions. Overall, we found models with explicit stomatal control on transpiration tended to perform better. Our results highlight the need for model improvement with respect to simulating transpirational water use and its impact on water status during the kernel-set phase.

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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    European Journal of Agronomy
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    European Journal of Agronomy
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      European Journal of Agronomy
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    Authors: Evgenios Agathokleous; Michael Frei; Oliver M. Knopf; Onno Muller; +11 Authors

    Nature food 4(10), 854 - 865 (2023). doi:10.1038/s43016-023-00858-y Published by Nature Research, London

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    Nature Food
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    Authors: Jianhua Dong; Wenzhi Zeng; Guoqing Lei; Lifeng Wu; +5 Authors
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    Authors: Babacar Faye; Heidi Webber; Jesse B. Naab; Dilys S. MacCarthy; +14 Authors

    Pour réduire les risques du changement climatique, les gouvernements ont convenu dans l'Accord de Paris de limiter l'augmentation de la température mondiale à moins de 2,0 °C par rapport aux niveaux préindustriels, avec l'ambition de maintenir le réchauffement à 1,5 °C. La cartographie des réponses d'atténuation appropriées nécessite des informations sur les coûts d'atténuation par rapport aux dommages associés pour les deux niveaux de réchauffement. Dans cette évaluation, une considération critique est l'impact sur les rendements des cultures et la variabilité des rendements dans les régions actuellement confrontées à l'insécurité alimentaire. La présente étude a évalué les impacts de 1,5 °C par rapport à 2,0 °C sur les rendements du maïs, du millet perlé et du sorgho dans la savane soudanaise d'Afrique de l'Ouest en utilisant deux modèles de culture qui ont été calibrés avec des variétés communes issues d'expériences dans la région, la gestion reflétant une gamme de fenêtres de semis typiques. Comme l'intensification durable est encouragée dans la région pour améliorer la sécurité alimentaire, des simulations ont été menées à la fois pour l'utilisation actuelle d'engrais et pour un cas d'intensification (fertilité non limitative). Avec l'utilisation actuelle d'engrais, les résultats ont indiqué des pertes plus élevées de 2 % pour le maïs et le sorgho avec 2,0 °C par rapport au réchauffement de 1,5 °C, sans changement dans les rendements en mil pour aucun des scénarios. Dans le cas de l'intensification, les pertes de rendement dues au changement climatique étaient plus importantes qu'avec les niveaux actuels d'engrais. Cependant, malgré les pertes plus importantes, les rendements ont toujours été deux à trois fois plus élevés avec l'intensification, quel que soit le scénario de réchauffement. Bien que la variabilité du rendement ait augmenté avec l'intensification, il n'y avait aucune interaction avec le scénario de réchauffement. Une analyse des risques et du marché est nécessaire pour étendre ces résultats afin de comprendre les implications pour la sécurité alimentaire. Para reducir los riesgos del cambio climático, los gobiernos acordaron en el Acuerdo de París limitar el aumento de la temperatura global a menos de 2,0 °C por encima de los niveles preindustriales, con la ambición de mantener el calentamiento a 1,5 °C. El trazado de las respuestas de mitigación apropiadas requiere información sobre los costos de la mitigación frente a los daños asociados para los dos niveles de calentamiento. En esta evaluación, una consideración crítica es el impacto en los rendimientos de los cultivos y la variabilidad del rendimiento en las regiones actualmente desafiadas por la inseguridad alimentaria. El estudio actual evaluó los impactos de 1,5 °C frente a 2,0 °C en los rendimientos de maíz, mijo perla y sorgo en la sabana de Sudán de África Occidental utilizando dos modelos de cultivo que se calibraron con variedades comunes de experimentos en la región con un manejo que refleja una gama de ventanas de siembra típicas. A medida que se promueve la intensificación sostenible en la región para mejorar la seguridad alimentaria, se realizaron simulaciones tanto para el uso actual de fertilizantes como para un caso de intensificación (fertilidad no limitante). Con el uso actual de fertilizantes, los resultados indicaron pérdidas un 2% mayores para el maíz y el sorgo con 2,0 °C en comparación con el calentamiento de 1,5 °C, sin cambios en los rendimientos de mijo para ninguno de los dos escenarios. En el caso de la intensificación, las pérdidas de rendimiento debido al cambio climático fueron mayores que con los niveles actuales de fertilizantes. Sin embargo, a pesar de las mayores pérdidas, los rendimientos siempre fueron de dos a tres veces más altos con la intensificación, independientemente del escenario de calentamiento. Aunque la variabilidad del rendimiento aumentó con la intensificación, no hubo interacción con el escenario de calentamiento. Se necesitan análisis de riesgos y de mercado para ampliar estos resultados y comprender las implicaciones para la seguridad alimentaria. To reduce the risks of climate change, governments agreed in the Paris Agreement to limit global temperature rise to less than 2.0 °C above pre-industrial levels, with the ambition to keep warming to 1.5 °C. Charting appropriate mitigation responses requires information on the costs of mitigating versus associated damages for the two levels of warming. In this assessment, a critical consideration is the impact on crop yields and yield variability in regions currently challenged by food insecurity. The current study assessed impacts of 1.5 °C versus 2.0 °C on yields of maize, pearl millet and sorghum in the West African Sudan Savanna using two crop models that were calibrated with common varieties from experiments in the region with management reflecting a range of typical sowing windows. As sustainable intensification is promoted in the region for improving food security, simulations were conducted for both current fertilizer use and for an intensification case (fertility not limiting). With current fertilizer use, results indicated 2% units higher losses for maize and sorghum with 2.0 °C compared to 1.5 °C warming, with no change in millet yields for either scenario. In the intensification case, yield losses due to climate change were larger than with current fertilizer levels. However, despite the larger losses, yields were always two to three times higher with intensification, irrespective of the warming scenario. Though yield variability increased with intensification, there was no interaction with warming scenario. Risk and market analysis are needed to extend these results to understand implications for food security. للحد من مخاطر تغير المناخ، اتفقت الحكومات في اتفاقية باريس على الحد من ارتفاع درجة الحرارة العالمية إلى أقل من 2.0 درجة مئوية فوق مستويات ما قبل الصناعة، مع طموح للحفاظ على ارتفاع درجة الحرارة إلى 1.5 درجة مئوية. يتطلب رسم استجابات التخفيف المناسبة معلومات عن تكاليف التخفيف مقابل الأضرار المرتبطة بمستويي الاحترار. في هذا التقييم، يتمثل أحد الاعتبارات الهامة في التأثير على غلة المحاصيل وتقلب الغلة في المناطق التي تواجه حاليًا انعدام الأمن الغذائي. قيمت الدراسة الحالية تأثيرات 1.5 درجة مئوية مقابل 2.0 درجة مئوية على غلة الذرة والدخن اللؤلؤي والذرة الرفيعة في سافانا غرب إفريقيا باستخدام نموذجين للمحاصيل تمت معايرتهما بأصناف شائعة من التجارب في المنطقة مع الإدارة التي تعكس مجموعة من نوافذ البذر النموذجية. ومع تعزيز التكثيف المستدام في المنطقة لتحسين الأمن الغذائي، أجريت عمليات محاكاة لكل من الاستخدام الحالي للأسمدة وحالة التكثيف (الخصوبة غير محدودة). مع استخدام الأسمدة الحالي، أشارت النتائج إلى خسائر أعلى بنسبة 2 ٪ للذرة والذرة الرفيعة مع 2.0 درجة مئوية مقارنة بالاحترار 1.5 درجة مئوية، مع عدم وجود تغيير في غلة الدخن لأي من السيناريوهين. في حالة التكثيف، كانت خسائر الغلة بسبب تغير المناخ أكبر من مستويات الأسمدة الحالية. ومع ذلك، على الرغم من الخسائر الأكبر، كانت الغلة دائمًا أعلى مرتين إلى ثلاث مرات مع التكثيف، بغض النظر عن سيناريو الاحترار. على الرغم من زيادة تقلب المحصول مع التكثيف، لم يكن هناك تفاعل مع سيناريو الاحترار. هناك حاجة إلى تحليل المخاطر والسوق لتوسيع نطاق هذه النتائج لفهم الآثار المترتبة على الأمن الغذائي.

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      Environmental Research Letters
      Article . 2018
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      Agritrop
      Article . 2018
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/28...
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    Authors: Wicke, Birka; Smeets, Edward; Dornburg, Veronika; Vashev, Boris; +3 Authors

    An analysis of bioenergy production on salt-affected land indicates that this type of degraded land has a considerable technical and economic potential for sustainably producing bioenergy.

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    Energy & Environmental Science
    Article . 2011 . Peer-reviewed
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      Energy & Environmental Science
      Article . 2011 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Gina Lopez; Thomas Gaiser; Frank Ewert; Amit Srivastava;

    In recent years, evidence of recent climate change has been identified in South America, affecting agricultural production negatively. In response to this, our study employs a crop modelling approach to estimate the effects of recent climate change on maize yield in four provinces of Ecuador. One of them belongs to a semi-arid area. The trend analysis of maximum temperature, minimum temperature, precipitation, wind speed, and solar radiation was done for 36 years (from 1984 to 2019) using the Mann–Kendall test. Furthermore, we simulated (using the LINTUL5 model) the counterfactual maize yield under current crop management in the same time-span. During the crop growing period, results show an increasing trend in the temperature in all the four studied provinces. Los Rios and Manabi showed a decreasing trend in radiation, whereas the semi-arid Loja depicted a decreasing precipitation trend. Regarding the effects of climate change on maize yield, the semi-arid province Loja showed a more significant negative impact, followed by Manabi. The yield losses were roughly 40 kg ha−1 and 10 kg ha−1 per year, respectively, when 250 kg N ha−1 is applied. The simulation results showed no effect in Guayas and Los Rios. The length of the crop growing period was significantly different in the period before and after 2002 in all provinces. In conclusion, the recent climate change impact on maize yield differs spatially and is more significant in the semi-arid regions.

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    Atmosphere
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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    Atmosphere
    Article . 2021
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      Atmosphere
      Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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      Atmosphere
      Article . 2021
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    Authors: Yawovi Sena Koglo; Wilson Agyei Agyare; Grace B. Villamor; Kouami Kokou; +4 Authors

    Accurate forest reference and emission level (FRL, FREL) with related policies and regulations are the key determinants in establishing sustainable forest ecosystem management programmes (e.g. REDD+). This fundamental is for promoting and sustaining climate smart agricultural practices in a changing climate. With the aim to deliver better knowledge to the scientific community and policy makers on regulations and existing tools for more rigorous scientific communication when it comes to FRL and FREL accountability and policies. Thus, this review investigates forest in the changing climate and policies and underlines the performance of land use transition and intensity analysis towards deforestation with some key examples and achievements (e.g. Togo). Simply put, (i) forest as break of greenhouse gas (GHGs) and ecosystem regulator, (ii) policies and REDD+ actions, (iii) potential drivers and (iv) transition and intensity analysis approach for their accountability are discussed. In sum, impressive studies, policies and regulations are under initiations and implementations regarding the role, place and evaluation of forest losses and its ecosystem functions and services. However, there are still some gaps when it comes to: the choice of the evaluation methods in the real context of a specific ecosystem as well as the firm implementations of formulating policies in developing countries. This paper concludes with some policy measures for forest sustainability, carbon enhancement and accountability.

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    https://doi.org/10.20944/prepr...
    Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
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    https://www.preprints.org/manu...
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    Other literature type . 2018
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      https://doi.org/10.20944/prepr...
      Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
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      https://www.preprints.org/manu...
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    Authors: Julien Minet; Kurt Christian Kersebaum; Françoise Ruget; A.J.W. de Wit; +37 Authors

    Climate change is expected to severely affect cropping systems and food production in many parts of the world unless local adaptation can ameliorate these impacts. Ensembles of crop simulation models can be useful tools for assessing if proposed adaptation options are capable of achieving target yields, whilst also quantifying the share of uncertainty in the simulated crop impact resulting from the crop models themselves. Although some studies have analysed the influence of ensemble size on model outcomes, the effect of ensemble composition has not yet been properly appraised. Moreover, results and derived recommendations typically rely on averaged ensemble simulation results without accounting sufficiently for the spread of model outcomes. Therefore, we developed an Ensemble Outcome Agreement (EOA) index, which analyses the effect of changes in composition and size of a multi-model ensemble (MME) to evaluate the level of agreement between MME outcomes with respect to a given hypothesis (e.g. that adaptation measures result in positive crop responses). We analysed the recommendations of a previous study performed with an ensemble of 17 crop models and testing 54 adaptation options for rainfed winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at Lleida (NE Spain) under perturbed conditions of temperature, precipitation and atmospheric CO2 concentration. Our results confirmed that most adaptations recommended in the previous study have a positive effect. However, we also showed that some options did not remain recommendable in specific conditions if different ensembles were considered. Using EOA, we were able to identify the adaptation options for which there is high confidence in their effectiveness at enhancing yields, even under severe climate perturbations. These include substituting spring wheat for winter wheat combined with earlier sowing dates and standard or longer duration cultivars, or introducing supplementary irrigation, the latter increasing EOA values in all cases. There is low confidence in recovering yields to baseline levels, although this target could be attained for some adaptation options under moderate climate perturbations. Recommendations derived from such robust results may provide crucial information for stakeholders seeking to implement adaptation measures.

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    Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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    Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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    Wageningen Staff Publications
    Article . 2019
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      Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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      Wageningen Staff Publications
      Article . 2019
      License: CC BY
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    Authors: Gina Lopez; Hannah Beate Kolem; Amit Kumar Srivastava; Thomas Gaiser; +1 Authors

    Food security is an increasingly serious problem worldwide, and especially in sub-Saharan Africa. As land and resources are limited and environmental problems caused by agriculture are worsening, more efficient ways to use the resources available must be found. The objective of this study was to display the spatial variability in crop yield and resource use efficiencies across Nigeria and to give recommendations for improvement. Based on simulations from the crop model LINTUL5 we analyzed the influence of fertilizer application on the parameters Water Use Efficiency (WUE), Fertilizer Use Efficiency (FUE), and Radiation Use Efficiency (RUE) in maize. High spatial variability was observed, especially between the north and the south of the country. The highest potential for yield improvement was found in the south. While WUE and RUE increased with higher rates of fertilizer application, FUE decreased with higher rates. In order to improve these resource use efficiencies, we suggest optimizing management strategies, demand-oriented fertilizer application, and breeding for efficient traits.

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    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    Article . 2019
    Data sources: DOAJ
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Sustainabilityarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Sustainability
      Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      Article
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: UnpayWall
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Sustainability
      Article . 2019
      Data sources: DOAJ
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

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