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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Farid Dahdouh-Guebas; Farid Dahdouh-Guebas; Farid Dahdouh-Guebas; Farid Dahdouh-Guebas; +3 Authors

    Mangrove forests are inherently dynamic and are often regarded as complex social-ecological systems. Being located at the interface between the land and the sea, they need to keep up with changes in sea-level (Saintilan et al., 2020) and other gradual or extreme events to be successful, and so do mangrove rehabilitation and restoration (hereafter referred to as “R/R”) initiatives. However, both the starting condition before R/R activities and the evaluation of their success, may be subject to misconceptions or at least require special attention. We highlight three such points of attention that are seldomly, if ever, emphasised in the scientific literature: shifted baselines, faunal assemblages and human poverty and uncertainty.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Flore (Florence Rese...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Frontiers in Marine Science
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Frontiers in Marine Science
    Article
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: UnpayWall
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Frontiers in Marine Science
    Article . 2021
    Data sources: DOAJ
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Flore (Florence Rese...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Frontiers in Marine Science
      Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Frontiers in Marine Science
      Article
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: UnpayWall
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Frontiers in Marine Science
      Article . 2021
      Data sources: DOAJ
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Ken W. Krauss; Behara Satyanarayana; Behara Satyanarayana; Renison K. Ruwa; +16 Authors

    The conservation of mangrove forests has become an important international policy priority in recent decades, and is mirrored by a large increase in research interest. Multiple disciplines now use mangroves as a study system, from molecular biology to social science. The variety of research conducted in mangroves is exemplified by the Mangrove Macrobenthos & Management (MMM) conference series, the world's largest gathering of researchers and practitioners dedicated to the science and conservation of the mangrove ecosystem. Established in 2000, MMM is a useful barometer with which to identify and measure research trends over the last 20 years. This study describes the history of the MMM conference series, and analyses the research presented in this series as a potential proxy of how the broader mangrove research field has changed through time. Presentations in early MMM conferences were dominated by macrobenthos studies, reflective of the origins of MMM as a forum specifically for mangrove macrobenthos research. However, later conferences have come to reflect the broader interests of the mangrove research field, and have tracked the emergence of blue carbon and other ecosystem services. Mangrove forests continue to be a rich and diverse ecosystem of study, and future MMM conferences will continue to provide a platform for impactful research and management.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Griffith University:...arrow_drop_down
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    DI-fusion
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: DI-fusion
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
    Data sources: Crossref
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Griffith University:...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      DI-fusion
      Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
      Data sources: DI-fusion
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science
      Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Elsevier TDM
      Data sources: Crossref
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Ilaria A. M. Marino; Sara Fratini; Lapo Ragionieri; Lapo Ragionieri; +6 Authors

    L'étendue de la structure génétique d'une espèce est déterminée par la quantité de flux de gènes actuels et l'impact de facteurs historiques et démographiques. La plupart des invertébrés marins ont des larves planctoniques et, par conséquent, une large dispersion potentielle, de sorte que l'uniformité génétique devrait être commune. Cependant, les investigations phylogéographiques révèlent que la panmixie est rare dans le domaine marin. Les modèles phylogéographiques coïncident généralement avec des transitions géographiques agissant comme des barrières au flux de gènes. Dans la mer Méditerranée et les zones adjacentes, les barrières les plus connues sont la transition atlantique-méditerranéenne, le détroit siculo-tunisien et la frontière entre la mer Égée et la mer Noire. Ici, nous effectuons l'analyse phylogéographique la plus large jusqu'à présent du crabe Pachygrapsus marmoratus, commun dans le nord-est de l'océan Atlantique, la Méditerranée et la mer Noire. Des études antérieures ont révélé une structuration génétique nulle ou faible à l'échelle méso-géographique basée sur l'ADNmt, tandis que l'hétérogénéité génétique à l'échelle locale a été enregistrée avec des microsatellites, même sans motifs géographiques clairs. Poursuivant la recherche du signal phylogéographique, nous élargissons ici l'ensemble de données de l'ADNmt comprenant 51 populations et couvrant la majeure partie de l'aire de répartition de l'espèce. Cet ensemble de données élargi fournit de nouvelles preuves de trois groupes génétiquement séparables, correspondant à l'océan Atlantique portugais, à la mer Méditerranée plus les îles Canaries et à la mer Noire. Étonnamment, l'AMOVA hiérarchique et l'analyse des coordonnées principales conviennent que notre population des îles Canaries est plus proche des populations de la Méditerranée occidentale que des populations du Portugal continental et des Açores. Au sein de la mer Méditerranée, nous enregistrons l'homogénéité génétique, ce qui suggère que la connectivité des populations n'est pas affectée par la transition entre la Méditerranée occidentale et orientale. La métapopulation méditerranéenne semble avoir connu une expansion relativement récente il y a environ 100 000 ans. Nos résultats suggèrent que le modèle phylogéographique de P. marmoratus est façonné par l'histoire géologique de la Méditerranée et des mers adjacentes, le flux génétique actuel restreint entre les différentes mers marginales et le triage incomplet des lignées. Cependant, ils déconseillent également de tester exclusivement des barrières biogéographiques bien connues, négligeant ainsi d'autres modèles phylogéographiques possibles. Principalement, cette étude fournit la preuve qu'un ensemble de données géographiquement exhaustif est nécessaire pour détecter une structure phylogéographique peu profonde au sein d'espèces marines répandues avec une dispersion larvaire, remettant en question toutes les études où les espèces ont été classées comme panmictiques sur la base d'ensembles de données numériquement et géographiquement limités. La extensión de la estructura genética de una especie está determinada por la cantidad de flujo genético actual y el impacto de factores históricos y demográficos. La mayoría de los invertebrados marinos tienen larvas planctónicas y, en consecuencia, un amplio potencial de dispersión, por lo que la uniformidad genética debería ser común. Sin embargo, las investigaciones filogeográficas revelan que la panmixia es rara en el ámbito marino. Los patrones filogeográficos comúnmente coinciden con transiciones geográficas que actúan como barreras para el flujo de genes. En el Mar Mediterráneo y zonas colindantes, las barreras más conocidas son la transición Atlántico-Mediterránea, el Estrecho de Siculo-Túnez y el límite entre los mares Egeo y Negro. Aquí, realizamos el análisis filogeográfico más amplio hasta ahora del cangrejo Pachygrapsus marmoratus, común en el noreste del Océano Atlántico, el Mediterráneo y el Mar Negro. Estudios previos revelaron una estructuración genética nula o débil a escala meso-geográfica basada en el ADNmt, mientras que la heterogeneidad genética a escala local se registró con microsatélites, incluso sin patrones geográficos claros. Continuando con la búsqueda de la señal filogeográfica, aquí ampliamos el conjunto de datos de ADNmt que incluye 51 poblaciones y cubre la mayor parte del rango de distribución de la especie. Este conjunto de datos ampliado proporciona nuevas pruebas de tres grupos genéticamente separables, correspondientes al Océano Atlántico portugués, el Mar Mediterráneo más las Islas Canarias y el Mar Negro. Sorprendentemente, el AMOVA jerárquico y el análisis de coordenadas principales coinciden en que nuestra población de Canarias está más cerca de las poblaciones del Mediterráneo occidental que de las poblaciones de Portugal continental y las Azores. Dentro del Mar Mediterráneo, registramos la homogeneidad genética, lo que sugiere que la conectividad de la población no se ve afectada por la transición entre el Mediterráneo occidental y oriental. La metapoblación mediterránea parece haber experimentado una expansión relativamente reciente hace unos 100.000 años. Nuestros resultados sugieren que el patrón filogeográfico de P. marmoratus está determinado por la historia geológica del Mediterráneo y los mares adyacentes, el flujo genético actual restringido entre diferentes mares marginales y la clasificación incompleta del linaje. Sin embargo, también advierten de probar exclusivamente barreras biogeográficas bien conocidas, descuidando así otros posibles patrones filogeográficos. En su mayoría, este estudio proporciona evidencia de que es necesario un conjunto de datos geográficamente exhaustivo para detectar la estructura filogeográfica poco profunda dentro de las especies marinas generalizadas con dispersión de larvas, cuestionando todos los estudios en los que las especies se han categorizado como panmíticas en función de conjuntos de datos numérica y geográficamente limitados. The extent of genetic structure of a species is determined by the amount of current gene flow and the impact of historical and demographic factors. Most marine invertebrates have planktonic larvae and consequently wide potential dispersal, so that genetic uniformity should be common. However, phylogeographic investigations reveal that panmixia is rare in the marine realm. Phylogeographic patterns commonly coincide with geographic transitions acting as barriers to gene flow. In the Mediterranean Sea and adjoining areas, the best known barriers are the Atlantic-Mediterranean transition, the Siculo-Tunisian Strait and the boundary between Aegean and Black seas. Here, we perform the so far broadest phylogeographic analysis of the crab Pachygrapsus marmoratus, common across the north-eastern Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean and Black seas. Previous studies revealed no or weak genetic structuring at meso-geographic scale based on mtDNA, while genetic heterogeneity at local scale was recorded with microsatellites, even if without clear geographic patterns. Continuing the search for phylogeographic signal, we here enlarge the mtDNA dataset including 51 populations and covering most of the species' distribution range.This enlarged dataset provides new evidence of three genetically separable groups, corresponding to the Portuguese Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea plus Canary Islands, and Black Sea. Surprisingly, hierarchical AMOVA and Principal Coordinates Analysis agree that our Canary Islands population is closer to western Mediterranean populations than to mainland Portugal and Azores populations. Within the Mediterranean Sea, we record genetic homogeneity, suggesting that population connectivity is unaffected by the transition between the western and eastern Mediterranean. The Mediterranean metapopulation seems to have experienced a relatively recent expansion around 100,000 years ago.Our results suggest that the phylogeographic pattern of P. marmoratus is shaped by the geological history of Mediterranean and adjacent seas, restricted current gene flow among different marginal seas, and incomplete lineage sorting. However, they also caution from exclusively testing well-known biogeographic barriers, thereby neglecting other possible phylogeographic patterns. Mostly, this study provides evidence that a geographically exhaustive dataset is necessary to detect shallow phylogeographic structure within widespread marine species with larval dispersal, questioning all studies where species have been categorized as panmictic based on numerically and geographically limited datasets. يتم تحديد مدى البنية الوراثية للأنواع من خلال مقدار تدفق الجينات الحالي وتأثير العوامل التاريخية والديموغرافية. تحتوي معظم اللافقاريات البحرية على يرقات العوالق وبالتالي تشتت محتمل واسع، لذلك يجب أن يكون التوحيد الوراثي شائعًا. ومع ذلك، تكشف التحقيقات الجغرافية الوراثية أن بانميكسيا نادرة في المجال البحري. تتزامن الأنماط الجغرافية الوراثية عادة مع التحولات الجغرافية التي تعمل كحواجز أمام تدفق الجينات. في البحر الأبيض المتوسط والمناطق المجاورة، فإن أفضل الحواجز المعروفة هي الانتقال بين المحيط الأطلسي والبحر الأبيض المتوسط، ومضيق سيكولو التونسي والحدود بين بحر إيجة والبحر الأسود. هنا، نقوم بإجراء أوسع تحليل جغرافي للسلطعون Pachygrapsus marmoratus، وهو شائع عبر شمال شرق المحيط الأطلسي والبحر الأبيض المتوسط والبحر الأسود. كشفت الدراسات السابقة عن عدم وجود بنية وراثية أو ضعفها على نطاق جغرافي متوسط استنادًا إلى mtDNA، في حين تم تسجيل عدم التجانس الوراثي على المستوى المحلي باستخدام الأقمار الصناعية الصغيرة، حتى لو لم تكن هناك أنماط جغرافية واضحة. استمرارًا في البحث عن إشارة جغرافية وراثية، نقوم هنا بتكبير مجموعة بيانات الحمض النووي متناهي الصغر بما في ذلك 51 مجموعة وتغطي معظم نطاق توزيع الأنواع. توفر مجموعة البيانات الموسعة هذه دليلًا جديدًا على ثلاث مجموعات قابلة للفصل وراثيًا، تتوافق مع المحيط الأطلسي البرتغالي والبحر الأبيض المتوسط بالإضافة إلى جزر الكناري والبحر الأسود. والمثير للدهشة أن أموفا الهرمية وتحليل الإحداثيات الرئيسية يتفقان على أن سكان جزر الكناري أقرب إلى سكان غرب البحر الأبيض المتوسط من البر الرئيسي للبرتغال وسكان جزر الأزور. داخل البحر الأبيض المتوسط، نسجل التجانس الجيني، مما يشير إلى أن الترابط السكاني لا يتأثر بالانتقال بين غرب وشرق البحر الأبيض المتوسط. يبدو أن سكان البحر الأبيض المتوسط قد شهدوا توسعًا حديثًا نسبيًا منذ حوالي 100000 عام. تشير نتائجنا إلى أن النمط الجغرافي الوراثي لـ P. marmoratus يتشكل من التاريخ الجيولوجي للبحر الأبيض المتوسط والبحار المجاورة، وتقييد تدفق الجينات الحالية بين البحار الهامشية المختلفة، وفرز النسب غير المكتمل. ومع ذلك، فإنهم يحذرون أيضًا من اختبار الحواجز الجغرافية الحيوية المعروفة حصريًا، وبالتالي إهمال الأنماط الجغرافية النباتية المحتملة الأخرى. في الغالب، تقدم هذه الدراسة دليلاً على أن مجموعة البيانات الشاملة جغرافيًا ضرورية للكشف عن البنية الجغرافية النباتية الضحلة داخل الأنواع البحرية المنتشرة على نطاق واسع مع تشتت اليرقات، مع التشكيك في جميع الدراسات التي تم فيها تصنيف الأنواع على أنها شاملة بناءً على مجموعات بيانات محدودة عددياً وجغرافياً.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Flore (Florence Rese...arrow_drop_down
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    BMC Evolutionary Biology
    Article . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
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    ZENODO
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/rw...
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    HKU Scholars Hub
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      BMC Evolutionary Biology
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      HKU Scholars Hub
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    A number of studies have suggested that mangrove forests and their faunal components may be pre-adapted to the impact of organic waste discharge, making them possible natural wastewater treatment wetlands. However, the results from recent research are contradictory. Some studies have shown that negative effects, sometimes subtle and difficult to observe, can be detected on specific biotic components of forests subjected to organic pollution. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate possible alterations in the ecosystem engineering activities of a fiddler crab community dominating the landward belts of Kenyan mangrove forests. The total processed sediment produced by burrowing and foraging activities in a population from a peri-urban mangrove area receiving untreated domestic sewage was compared with that from a forest not affected by urban wastewater. The results showed how the peri-urban site hosted a higher biomass of crabs, which produced a significantly lower amount of processed sediment compared with the pristine site, resulting in a lower total top sediment mixing activity of the crabs. Thus, the present study showed a link between sewage exposure and top sediment reworking by crabs, which is potentially beneficial for mangrove growth and ecosystem functioning. This represents a possible example of cryptic ecological degradation in mangal systems.

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    DI-fusion
    Article . 2011 . Peer-reviewed
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    Marine Environmental Research
    Article . 2011 . Peer-reviewed
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    HKU Scholars Hub
    Article . 2015
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    Authors: Kristine Camille V. Buenafe; Daniel C. Dunn; Jason D. Everett; Isaac Brito‐Morales; +7 Authors

    AbstractClimate change is already having profound effects on biodiversity, but climate change adaptation has yet to be fully incorporated into area‐based management tools used to conserve biodiversity, such as protected areas. One main obstacle is the lack of consensus regarding how impacts of climate change can be included in spatial conservation plans. We propose a climate‐smart framework that prioritizes the protection of climate refugia—areas of low climate exposure and high biodiversity retention—using climate metrics. We explore four aspects of climate‐smart conservation planning: (1) climate model ensembles; (2) multiple emission scenarios; (3) climate metrics; and (4) approaches to identifying climate refugia. We illustrate this framework in the Western Pacific Ocean, but it is equally applicable to terrestrial systems. We found that all aspects of climate‐smart conservation planning considered affected the configuration of spatial plans. The choice of climate metrics and approaches to identifying refugia have large effects in the resulting climate‐smart spatial plans, whereas the choice of climate models and emission scenarios have smaller effects. As the configuration of spatial plans depended on climate metrics used, a spatial plan based on a single measure of climate change (e.g., warming) will not necessarily be robust against other measures of climate change (e.g., ocean acidification). We therefore recommend using climate metrics most relevant for the biodiversity and region considered based on a single or multiple climate drivers. To include the uncertainty associated with different climate futures, we recommend using multiple climate models (i.e., an ensemble) and emission scenarios. Finally, we show that the approaches we used to identify climate refugia feature trade‐offs between: (1) the degree to which they are climate‐smart, and (2) their efficiency in meeting conservation targets. Hence, the choice of approach will depend on the relative value that stakeholders place on climate adaptation. By using this framework, protected areas can be designed with improved longevity and thus safeguard biodiversity against current and future climate change. We hope that the proposed climate‐smart framework helps transition conservation planning toward climate‐smart approaches.

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    Ecological Applications
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Fusi, Marco; Beone, Gian Maria; Suciu, Nicoleta; Sacchi, Angela; +6 Authors

    Mangroves are critically threatened by human activities, despite the important ecosystem functions and services they provide. Mangroves in Cameroon represent no exception to the worldwide trend of mangrove destruction, especially around Douala, on the Wouri river estuary. In two sites around Douala, we assessed the presence of sterols, PAHs, PCBs, DEHP, DDT and its metabolite p,p'-DDE and potentially toxic metals in sediment samples. As a proxy of ecological quality, we measured the diversity and abundance of macrobenthos assemblages. We detected p,p'-DDE contamination, with concentrations higher than 3μgkg(-1) in 16 out of 26 samples which were attributed to recent widespread use of DDT. The detection of sterols revealed faecal contamination. Significant sensitivity of the macrobenthos to contaminants was revealed, with possible implications on the overall mangrove vulnerability to climate change and on the provision of ecosystem services to local populations.

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    Marine Pollution Bulletin
    Article . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
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    Article . 2016
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    Authors: Agusto, Laura E.; Qin, Guoming; Thibodeau, Benoit; Tang, Jianwu; +7 Authors

    Saltmarshes are important global carbon (C) sinks, but the considerable uncertainty in the C budget and the underlying mechanisms limit the estimation of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG, e.g., CO2 and CH4) in the context of global climate change. To ascertain the mechanistic understanding, we assessed how crab burrows morphology and greenhouse gas effluxes changed in response to interactions of fiddler crab burrow density, soil organic matter content (high vs low), and presence/absence of Spartina alterniflora (vegetated saltmarsh vs nearby unvegetated mudflat) on the coast of New England (USA). The crab burrow volume in the vegetated saltmarsh was smaller than that in the mudflat, and crab burrow volume greatly correlated with soil CO2 efflux, indicating that crab activities could enhance coastal wetland CO2 efflux. Soil CO2 and CH4 effluxes rates were significantly positively correlated with crab burrow density, organic matter content, and vegetation types. Specifically, the higher soil organic matter content and crab burrow density greatly increased soil heterotrophic respiration in the saltmarsh. Overall, with crab disturbances, soil CO2 and CH4 efflux increased by 32.1% and 47.9%, respectively. This study highlights that fiddler crab burrowing activity plays an important role in the C sequestration of coastal blue C ecosystems (BCEs).

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    Ecological Indicators
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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    Ecological Indicators
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      Ecological Indicators
      Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Ecological Indicators
      Article . 2022
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Simone Baldanzi; Simone Baldanzi; Simone Baldanzi; Marco Fusi; +7 Authors

    Integrating thermal physiology and species range extent can contribute to a better understanding of the likely effects of climate change on natural populations. Generally, broadly distributed species show variation in thermal physiology between populations. Within their distributional ranges, populations at the edges are assumed to experience more challenging environments than central populations (fundamental niche breadth hypothesis). We have investigated differences in thermal tolerance and thermal sensitivity under increasing/decreasing temperatures among geographically separated populations of the sandhopper Talorchestia capensis along the South African coasts. We tested whether the thermal tolerance and thermal sensitivity of T. capensis differ between central and marginal populations using a non-parametric constraint space analysis. We linked thermal sensitivity to environmental history by using historical climatic data to evaluate whether individual responses to temperature could be related to natural long-term fluctuations in air temperatures. Our results demonstrate that there were significant differences in the thermal response of T. capensis populations to both increasing/decreasing temperatures. Thermal sensitivity (for increasing temperatures only) was negatively related to temperature variability and positively related to temperature predictability. Two different models fitted the geographical distribution of thermal sensitivity and thermal tolerance. Our results confirm that widespread species show differences in physiology among populations by providing evidence of contrasting thermal responses in individuals subject to different environmental conditions at the limits of the species' spatial range. When considering the complex interactions between individual physiology and species ranges, it is not sufficient to consider mean environmental temperatures, or even temperature variability; the predictability of that variability may be critical.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Flore (Florence Rese...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Oecologia
    Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Springer TDM
    Data sources: Crossref
    Oecologia
    Article . 2016
    HKU Scholars Hub
    Article . 2015
    Data sources: HKU Scholars Hub
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Farid Dahdouh-Guebas; Farid Dahdouh-Guebas; Farid Dahdouh-Guebas; Farid Dahdouh-Guebas; +3 Authors

    Mangrove forests are inherently dynamic and are often regarded as complex social-ecological systems. Being located at the interface between the land and the sea, they need to keep up with changes in sea-level (Saintilan et al., 2020) and other gradual or extreme events to be successful, and so do mangrove rehabilitation and restoration (hereafter referred to as “R/R”) initiatives. However, both the starting condition before R/R activities and the evaluation of their success, may be subject to misconceptions or at least require special attention. We highlight three such points of attention that are seldomly, if ever, emphasised in the scientific literature: shifted baselines, faunal assemblages and human poverty and uncertainty.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Flore (Florence Rese...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Frontiers in Marine Science
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Frontiers in Marine Science
    Article
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Frontiers in Marine Science
    Article . 2021
    Data sources: DOAJ
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Flore (Florence Rese...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Frontiers in Marine Science
      Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Frontiers in Marine Science
      Article
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: UnpayWall
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Frontiers in Marine Science
      Article . 2021
      Data sources: DOAJ
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Ken W. Krauss; Behara Satyanarayana; Behara Satyanarayana; Renison K. Ruwa; +16 Authors

    The conservation of mangrove forests has become an important international policy priority in recent decades, and is mirrored by a large increase in research interest. Multiple disciplines now use mangroves as a study system, from molecular biology to social science. The variety of research conducted in mangroves is exemplified by the Mangrove Macrobenthos & Management (MMM) conference series, the world's largest gathering of researchers and practitioners dedicated to the science and conservation of the mangrove ecosystem. Established in 2000, MMM is a useful barometer with which to identify and measure research trends over the last 20 years. This study describes the history of the MMM conference series, and analyses the research presented in this series as a potential proxy of how the broader mangrove research field has changed through time. Presentations in early MMM conferences were dominated by macrobenthos studies, reflective of the origins of MMM as a forum specifically for mangrove macrobenthos research. However, later conferences have come to reflect the broader interests of the mangrove research field, and have tracked the emergence of blue carbon and other ecosystem services. Mangrove forests continue to be a rich and diverse ecosystem of study, and future MMM conferences will continue to provide a platform for impactful research and management.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Griffith University:...arrow_drop_down
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    DI-fusion
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: DI-fusion
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
    Data sources: Crossref
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Griffith University:...arrow_drop_down
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      DI-fusion
      Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
      Data sources: DI-fusion
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science
      Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Elsevier TDM
      Data sources: Crossref
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Ilaria A. M. Marino; Sara Fratini; Lapo Ragionieri; Lapo Ragionieri; +6 Authors

    L'étendue de la structure génétique d'une espèce est déterminée par la quantité de flux de gènes actuels et l'impact de facteurs historiques et démographiques. La plupart des invertébrés marins ont des larves planctoniques et, par conséquent, une large dispersion potentielle, de sorte que l'uniformité génétique devrait être commune. Cependant, les investigations phylogéographiques révèlent que la panmixie est rare dans le domaine marin. Les modèles phylogéographiques coïncident généralement avec des transitions géographiques agissant comme des barrières au flux de gènes. Dans la mer Méditerranée et les zones adjacentes, les barrières les plus connues sont la transition atlantique-méditerranéenne, le détroit siculo-tunisien et la frontière entre la mer Égée et la mer Noire. Ici, nous effectuons l'analyse phylogéographique la plus large jusqu'à présent du crabe Pachygrapsus marmoratus, commun dans le nord-est de l'océan Atlantique, la Méditerranée et la mer Noire. Des études antérieures ont révélé une structuration génétique nulle ou faible à l'échelle méso-géographique basée sur l'ADNmt, tandis que l'hétérogénéité génétique à l'échelle locale a été enregistrée avec des microsatellites, même sans motifs géographiques clairs. Poursuivant la recherche du signal phylogéographique, nous élargissons ici l'ensemble de données de l'ADNmt comprenant 51 populations et couvrant la majeure partie de l'aire de répartition de l'espèce. Cet ensemble de données élargi fournit de nouvelles preuves de trois groupes génétiquement séparables, correspondant à l'océan Atlantique portugais, à la mer Méditerranée plus les îles Canaries et à la mer Noire. Étonnamment, l'AMOVA hiérarchique et l'analyse des coordonnées principales conviennent que notre population des îles Canaries est plus proche des populations de la Méditerranée occidentale que des populations du Portugal continental et des Açores. Au sein de la mer Méditerranée, nous enregistrons l'homogénéité génétique, ce qui suggère que la connectivité des populations n'est pas affectée par la transition entre la Méditerranée occidentale et orientale. La métapopulation méditerranéenne semble avoir connu une expansion relativement récente il y a environ 100 000 ans. Nos résultats suggèrent que le modèle phylogéographique de P. marmoratus est façonné par l'histoire géologique de la Méditerranée et des mers adjacentes, le flux génétique actuel restreint entre les différentes mers marginales et le triage incomplet des lignées. Cependant, ils déconseillent également de tester exclusivement des barrières biogéographiques bien connues, négligeant ainsi d'autres modèles phylogéographiques possibles. Principalement, cette étude fournit la preuve qu'un ensemble de données géographiquement exhaustif est nécessaire pour détecter une structure phylogéographique peu profonde au sein d'espèces marines répandues avec une dispersion larvaire, remettant en question toutes les études où les espèces ont été classées comme panmictiques sur la base d'ensembles de données numériquement et géographiquement limités. La extensión de la estructura genética de una especie está determinada por la cantidad de flujo genético actual y el impacto de factores históricos y demográficos. La mayoría de los invertebrados marinos tienen larvas planctónicas y, en consecuencia, un amplio potencial de dispersión, por lo que la uniformidad genética debería ser común. Sin embargo, las investigaciones filogeográficas revelan que la panmixia es rara en el ámbito marino. Los patrones filogeográficos comúnmente coinciden con transiciones geográficas que actúan como barreras para el flujo de genes. En el Mar Mediterráneo y zonas colindantes, las barreras más conocidas son la transición Atlántico-Mediterránea, el Estrecho de Siculo-Túnez y el límite entre los mares Egeo y Negro. Aquí, realizamos el análisis filogeográfico más amplio hasta ahora del cangrejo Pachygrapsus marmoratus, común en el noreste del Océano Atlántico, el Mediterráneo y el Mar Negro. Estudios previos revelaron una estructuración genética nula o débil a escala meso-geográfica basada en el ADNmt, mientras que la heterogeneidad genética a escala local se registró con microsatélites, incluso sin patrones geográficos claros. Continuando con la búsqueda de la señal filogeográfica, aquí ampliamos el conjunto de datos de ADNmt que incluye 51 poblaciones y cubre la mayor parte del rango de distribución de la especie. Este conjunto de datos ampliado proporciona nuevas pruebas de tres grupos genéticamente separables, correspondientes al Océano Atlántico portugués, el Mar Mediterráneo más las Islas Canarias y el Mar Negro. Sorprendentemente, el AMOVA jerárquico y el análisis de coordenadas principales coinciden en que nuestra población de Canarias está más cerca de las poblaciones del Mediterráneo occidental que de las poblaciones de Portugal continental y las Azores. Dentro del Mar Mediterráneo, registramos la homogeneidad genética, lo que sugiere que la conectividad de la población no se ve afectada por la transición entre el Mediterráneo occidental y oriental. La metapoblación mediterránea parece haber experimentado una expansión relativamente reciente hace unos 100.000 años. Nuestros resultados sugieren que el patrón filogeográfico de P. marmoratus está determinado por la historia geológica del Mediterráneo y los mares adyacentes, el flujo genético actual restringido entre diferentes mares marginales y la clasificación incompleta del linaje. Sin embargo, también advierten de probar exclusivamente barreras biogeográficas bien conocidas, descuidando así otros posibles patrones filogeográficos. En su mayoría, este estudio proporciona evidencia de que es necesario un conjunto de datos geográficamente exhaustivo para detectar la estructura filogeográfica poco profunda dentro de las especies marinas generalizadas con dispersión de larvas, cuestionando todos los estudios en los que las especies se han categorizado como panmíticas en función de conjuntos de datos numérica y geográficamente limitados. The extent of genetic structure of a species is determined by the amount of current gene flow and the impact of historical and demographic factors. Most marine invertebrates have planktonic larvae and consequently wide potential dispersal, so that genetic uniformity should be common. However, phylogeographic investigations reveal that panmixia is rare in the marine realm. Phylogeographic patterns commonly coincide with geographic transitions acting as barriers to gene flow. In the Mediterranean Sea and adjoining areas, the best known barriers are the Atlantic-Mediterranean transition, the Siculo-Tunisian Strait and the boundary between Aegean and Black seas. Here, we perform the so far broadest phylogeographic analysis of the crab Pachygrapsus marmoratus, common across the north-eastern Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean and Black seas. Previous studies revealed no or weak genetic structuring at meso-geographic scale based on mtDNA, while genetic heterogeneity at local scale was recorded with microsatellites, even if without clear geographic patterns. Continuing the search for phylogeographic signal, we here enlarge the mtDNA dataset including 51 populations and covering most of the species' distribution range.This enlarged dataset provides new evidence of three genetically separable groups, corresponding to the Portuguese Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea plus Canary Islands, and Black Sea. Surprisingly, hierarchical AMOVA and Principal Coordinates Analysis agree that our Canary Islands population is closer to western Mediterranean populations than to mainland Portugal and Azores populations. Within the Mediterranean Sea, we record genetic homogeneity, suggesting that population connectivity is unaffected by the transition between the western and eastern Mediterranean. The Mediterranean metapopulation seems to have experienced a relatively recent expansion around 100,000 years ago.Our results suggest that the phylogeographic pattern of P. marmoratus is shaped by the geological history of Mediterranean and adjacent seas, restricted current gene flow among different marginal seas, and incomplete lineage sorting. However, they also caution from exclusively testing well-known biogeographic barriers, thereby neglecting other possible phylogeographic patterns. Mostly, this study provides evidence that a geographically exhaustive dataset is necessary to detect shallow phylogeographic structure within widespread marine species with larval dispersal, questioning all studies where species have been categorized as panmictic based on numerically and geographically limited datasets. يتم تحديد مدى البنية الوراثية للأنواع من خلال مقدار تدفق الجينات الحالي وتأثير العوامل التاريخية والديموغرافية. تحتوي معظم اللافقاريات البحرية على يرقات العوالق وبالتالي تشتت محتمل واسع، لذلك يجب أن يكون التوحيد الوراثي شائعًا. ومع ذلك، تكشف التحقيقات الجغرافية الوراثية أن بانميكسيا نادرة في المجال البحري. تتزامن الأنماط الجغرافية الوراثية عادة مع التحولات الجغرافية التي تعمل كحواجز أمام تدفق الجينات. في البحر الأبيض المتوسط والمناطق المجاورة، فإن أفضل الحواجز المعروفة هي الانتقال بين المحيط الأطلسي والبحر الأبيض المتوسط، ومضيق سيكولو التونسي والحدود بين بحر إيجة والبحر الأسود. هنا، نقوم بإجراء أوسع تحليل جغرافي للسلطعون Pachygrapsus marmoratus، وهو شائع عبر شمال شرق المحيط الأطلسي والبحر الأبيض المتوسط والبحر الأسود. كشفت الدراسات السابقة عن عدم وجود بنية وراثية أو ضعفها على نطاق جغرافي متوسط استنادًا إلى mtDNA، في حين تم تسجيل عدم التجانس الوراثي على المستوى المحلي باستخدام الأقمار الصناعية الصغيرة، حتى لو لم تكن هناك أنماط جغرافية واضحة. استمرارًا في البحث عن إشارة جغرافية وراثية، نقوم هنا بتكبير مجموعة بيانات الحمض النووي متناهي الصغر بما في ذلك 51 مجموعة وتغطي معظم نطاق توزيع الأنواع. توفر مجموعة البيانات الموسعة هذه دليلًا جديدًا على ثلاث مجموعات قابلة للفصل وراثيًا، تتوافق مع المحيط الأطلسي البرتغالي والبحر الأبيض المتوسط بالإضافة إلى جزر الكناري والبحر الأسود. والمثير للدهشة أن أموفا الهرمية وتحليل الإحداثيات الرئيسية يتفقان على أن سكان جزر الكناري أقرب إلى سكان غرب البحر الأبيض المتوسط من البر الرئيسي للبرتغال وسكان جزر الأزور. داخل البحر الأبيض المتوسط، نسجل التجانس الجيني، مما يشير إلى أن الترابط السكاني لا يتأثر بالانتقال بين غرب وشرق البحر الأبيض المتوسط. يبدو أن سكان البحر الأبيض المتوسط قد شهدوا توسعًا حديثًا نسبيًا منذ حوالي 100000 عام. تشير نتائجنا إلى أن النمط الجغرافي الوراثي لـ P. marmoratus يتشكل من التاريخ الجيولوجي للبحر الأبيض المتوسط والبحار المجاورة، وتقييد تدفق الجينات الحالية بين البحار الهامشية المختلفة، وفرز النسب غير المكتمل. ومع ذلك، فإنهم يحذرون أيضًا من اختبار الحواجز الجغرافية الحيوية المعروفة حصريًا، وبالتالي إهمال الأنماط الجغرافية النباتية المحتملة الأخرى. في الغالب، تقدم هذه الدراسة دليلاً على أن مجموعة البيانات الشاملة جغرافيًا ضرورية للكشف عن البنية الجغرافية النباتية الضحلة داخل الأنواع البحرية المنتشرة على نطاق واسع مع تشتت اليرقات، مع التشكيك في جميع الدراسات التي تم فيها تصنيف الأنواع على أنها شاملة بناءً على مجموعات بيانات محدودة عددياً وجغرافياً.

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    A number of studies have suggested that mangrove forests and their faunal components may be pre-adapted to the impact of organic waste discharge, making them possible natural wastewater treatment wetlands. However, the results from recent research are contradictory. Some studies have shown that negative effects, sometimes subtle and difficult to observe, can be detected on specific biotic components of forests subjected to organic pollution. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate possible alterations in the ecosystem engineering activities of a fiddler crab community dominating the landward belts of Kenyan mangrove forests. The total processed sediment produced by burrowing and foraging activities in a population from a peri-urban mangrove area receiving untreated domestic sewage was compared with that from a forest not affected by urban wastewater. The results showed how the peri-urban site hosted a higher biomass of crabs, which produced a significantly lower amount of processed sediment compared with the pristine site, resulting in a lower total top sediment mixing activity of the crabs. Thus, the present study showed a link between sewage exposure and top sediment reworking by crabs, which is potentially beneficial for mangrove growth and ecosystem functioning. This represents a possible example of cryptic ecological degradation in mangal systems.

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    Marine Environmental Research
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    Authors: Kristine Camille V. Buenafe; Daniel C. Dunn; Jason D. Everett; Isaac Brito‐Morales; +7 Authors

    AbstractClimate change is already having profound effects on biodiversity, but climate change adaptation has yet to be fully incorporated into area‐based management tools used to conserve biodiversity, such as protected areas. One main obstacle is the lack of consensus regarding how impacts of climate change can be included in spatial conservation plans. We propose a climate‐smart framework that prioritizes the protection of climate refugia—areas of low climate exposure and high biodiversity retention—using climate metrics. We explore four aspects of climate‐smart conservation planning: (1) climate model ensembles; (2) multiple emission scenarios; (3) climate metrics; and (4) approaches to identifying climate refugia. We illustrate this framework in the Western Pacific Ocean, but it is equally applicable to terrestrial systems. We found that all aspects of climate‐smart conservation planning considered affected the configuration of spatial plans. The choice of climate metrics and approaches to identifying refugia have large effects in the resulting climate‐smart spatial plans, whereas the choice of climate models and emission scenarios have smaller effects. As the configuration of spatial plans depended on climate metrics used, a spatial plan based on a single measure of climate change (e.g., warming) will not necessarily be robust against other measures of climate change (e.g., ocean acidification). We therefore recommend using climate metrics most relevant for the biodiversity and region considered based on a single or multiple climate drivers. To include the uncertainty associated with different climate futures, we recommend using multiple climate models (i.e., an ensemble) and emission scenarios. Finally, we show that the approaches we used to identify climate refugia feature trade‐offs between: (1) the degree to which they are climate‐smart, and (2) their efficiency in meeting conservation targets. Hence, the choice of approach will depend on the relative value that stakeholders place on climate adaptation. By using this framework, protected areas can be designed with improved longevity and thus safeguard biodiversity against current and future climate change. We hope that the proposed climate‐smart framework helps transition conservation planning toward climate‐smart approaches.

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    Ecological Applications
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    Authors: Fusi, Marco; Beone, Gian Maria; Suciu, Nicoleta; Sacchi, Angela; +6 Authors

    Mangroves are critically threatened by human activities, despite the important ecosystem functions and services they provide. Mangroves in Cameroon represent no exception to the worldwide trend of mangrove destruction, especially around Douala, on the Wouri river estuary. In two sites around Douala, we assessed the presence of sterols, PAHs, PCBs, DEHP, DDT and its metabolite p,p'-DDE and potentially toxic metals in sediment samples. As a proxy of ecological quality, we measured the diversity and abundance of macrobenthos assemblages. We detected p,p'-DDE contamination, with concentrations higher than 3μgkg(-1) in 16 out of 26 samples which were attributed to recent widespread use of DDT. The detection of sterols revealed faecal contamination. Significant sensitivity of the macrobenthos to contaminants was revealed, with possible implications on the overall mangrove vulnerability to climate change and on the provision of ecosystem services to local populations.

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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Marine Pollution Bulletin
    Article . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
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    HKU Scholars Hub
    Article . 2016
    Data sources: HKU Scholars Hub
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    Authors: Agusto, Laura E.; Qin, Guoming; Thibodeau, Benoit; Tang, Jianwu; +7 Authors

    Saltmarshes are important global carbon (C) sinks, but the considerable uncertainty in the C budget and the underlying mechanisms limit the estimation of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG, e.g., CO2 and CH4) in the context of global climate change. To ascertain the mechanistic understanding, we assessed how crab burrows morphology and greenhouse gas effluxes changed in response to interactions of fiddler crab burrow density, soil organic matter content (high vs low), and presence/absence of Spartina alterniflora (vegetated saltmarsh vs nearby unvegetated mudflat) on the coast of New England (USA). The crab burrow volume in the vegetated saltmarsh was smaller than that in the mudflat, and crab burrow volume greatly correlated with soil CO2 efflux, indicating that crab activities could enhance coastal wetland CO2 efflux. Soil CO2 and CH4 effluxes rates were significantly positively correlated with crab burrow density, organic matter content, and vegetation types. Specifically, the higher soil organic matter content and crab burrow density greatly increased soil heterotrophic respiration in the saltmarsh. Overall, with crab disturbances, soil CO2 and CH4 efflux increased by 32.1% and 47.9%, respectively. This study highlights that fiddler crab burrowing activity plays an important role in the C sequestration of coastal blue C ecosystems (BCEs).

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Flore (Florence Rese...arrow_drop_down
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    Ecological Indicators
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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    Ecological Indicators
    Article . 2022
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Flore (Florence Rese...arrow_drop_down
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      Ecological Indicators
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Simone Baldanzi; Simone Baldanzi; Simone Baldanzi; Marco Fusi; +7 Authors

    Integrating thermal physiology and species range extent can contribute to a better understanding of the likely effects of climate change on natural populations. Generally, broadly distributed species show variation in thermal physiology between populations. Within their distributional ranges, populations at the edges are assumed to experience more challenging environments than central populations (fundamental niche breadth hypothesis). We have investigated differences in thermal tolerance and thermal sensitivity under increasing/decreasing temperatures among geographically separated populations of the sandhopper Talorchestia capensis along the South African coasts. We tested whether the thermal tolerance and thermal sensitivity of T. capensis differ between central and marginal populations using a non-parametric constraint space analysis. We linked thermal sensitivity to environmental history by using historical climatic data to evaluate whether individual responses to temperature could be related to natural long-term fluctuations in air temperatures. Our results demonstrate that there were significant differences in the thermal response of T. capensis populations to both increasing/decreasing temperatures. Thermal sensitivity (for increasing temperatures only) was negatively related to temperature variability and positively related to temperature predictability. Two different models fitted the geographical distribution of thermal sensitivity and thermal tolerance. Our results confirm that widespread species show differences in physiology among populations by providing evidence of contrasting thermal responses in individuals subject to different environmental conditions at the limits of the species' spatial range. When considering the complex interactions between individual physiology and species ranges, it is not sufficient to consider mean environmental temperatures, or even temperature variability; the predictability of that variability may be critical.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Flore (Florence Rese...arrow_drop_down
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Oecologia
    Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Springer TDM
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    Oecologia
    Article . 2016
    HKU Scholars Hub
    Article . 2015
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