• Energy Research

Purpose: The sustainable development of Arctic maritime supply chains requires an effective balance between economic growth, environmental protection and social relations. Existing Arctic development projects are often distinguished by single-cri-terion decision making - economic growth to the detriment of other components. The paper aims to analyze existing approaches and practices of Arctic supply chains development from a sustainable development viewpoint. Methodology: Best practices of other industries are identified by a thoroughly liter-ature research of relevant publications and developing a model for sustainability is-sues in Arctic maritime supply chains. The model compromises relevant indicators in regard to economic, social and environmental performance for the Arctic region. Findings: The result of this paper will be a thoroughly overview over current sustain-ability issues in the Arctic framework (economic, social and environmental). Findings for example will be how companies adjust to the ban of using heavy Sulphur fuel in the Arctic or social and economic changes in remote areas due to more shipping in the Arctic. Originality: The originality of the research is defined by the sustainability viewpoint on the problem: the combination of social, economic as well as environmental issues is the main focus of this paper especially with a focus on remote areas of the Arctic.

Purpose: Currently floating offshore wind emerges as a new technology and thus making offshore windfarms in areas feasible where it was due to certain conditions (water depths, soil conditions) not feasible to install fixed offshore wind turbines. The installation process of floating offshore wind foundations is very different from fixed foundations and thus results in new installation processes. Methodology: In this literature review papers over the last ten years with focus on floating offshore installation logistics will be identified and sorted by relevance, year of publication and quality. The publications will also be grouped into the different foundation types Semi-floater, Spar buoy and Tension-leg. These groups will be subdivided further into costs, technical or processes related to logistics. Findings: The paper will show an overview of current processes and trends in installation logistics for floating offshore wind turbines. Currently the existing reviews lack for example scientific papers and supply chain requirements (Carbon Trust, 2015) or they are focused only on technical issues (Wang, et al., 2010). Originality: This paper is original in the sense that currently no complete, thorough and up-to-date literature review for the installation logistics and the supply chain of floating offshore wind exists.

Purpose: The Arctic is of interest for many states and commercial organizations as it has a large undiscovered potential but very challenging climate and logistical condi-tions. Arctic maritime logistics need significant investments in infrastructure and is supposed to cause a minimal impact on the environment during port operations and cargo transit by creating efficient and safe supply chains. At the same time, ensuring the most efficient, reliable and safe functioning of supply chains is required. Methodology: The methodological basis of the paper is the analysis and structuring of existing publications on Arctic maritime logistics, a systematic review and formu-lation an applied system of relevant performance indicators related to Arctic supply chains (e.g. ice conditions, vessels and their parameters, the safe operation of float-ing production facilities and properties of ports). Findings: The result of this paper is a systematic overview of the current state of re-search on Arctic maritime logistics challenges and the influencing key performance indicators as well as approaches to assess the performance at all stages of the Arctic supply chain to facility and improve Arctic supply chains in the future. Originality: The originality of the study is defined by the scope of the review con-ducted. It is the first comprehensive overview over Arctic supply chains covering all relevant countries from a maritime logistics standpoint. The results of this paper cre-ate a solid foundation for further research in the area of developments of Arctic mar-itime logistics.