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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Xiaofeng Xu; Xiaofeng Xu; Jay Gulledge; Santonu Goswami; +2 Authors

    Due to the complex nature of climate change, interdisciplinary research approaches involving knowledge and skills from a broad range of disciplines have been adopted for studying changes in the climate system as well as strategies for mitigating climate change (i.e., greenhouse gas emissions reductions) and adapting to its impacts on society and natural systems. Harnessing of renewable energy sources to replace fossil fuels is widely regarded as a long‐term mitigation strategy that requires the synthesis of knowledge from engineering, technology, and natural and social sciences. In this study, we examine how the adoption of interdisciplinary approaches has evolved over time and in different geographic regions. We conducted a comprehensive literature survey using an evaluation matrix of keywords, in combination with a word cloud analysis, to evaluate the spatiotemporal dynamics of scholarly discourse about interdisciplinary approaches to climate change and renewable energy research and development (R&D). Publications that discuss interdisciplinary approaches to climate change and renewable energy have substantially increased over the last 60 years; it appears, however, that the nature, timing, and focus of these publications vary across countries and through time. Over the most recent three decades, the country‐level contribution to interdisciplinary research for climate change has become more evenly distributed, but this was not true for renewable energy research, which remained dominated by the United Sates and a few other major economies. The research topics have also evolved: Water resource management was emphasized from 1990s to 2000s, policy and adaptation were emphasized from the 2000s to 2010–2013, while vulnerability became prominent during the most recent years (2010–2013). Our analysis indicates that the rate of growth of interdisciplinary research for renewable energy lags behind that for climate change, possibly because knowledge emanating from climate change science has motivated the subsequent upswing in renewable energy R&D. WIREs Energy Environ 2016, 5:49–56. doi: 10.1002/wene.180This article is categorized under: Bioenergy > Climate and Environment Energy and Climate > Climate and Environment

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Wiley Interdisciplin...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Energy and Environment
    Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY NC ND
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Wiley Interdisciplin...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Energy and Environment
      Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY NC ND
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Todd S. Rosenstock; David LeZaks; Jay Gulledge; Robert J. Scholes; +20 Authors

    L'agriculture est considérée comme « intelligente face au climat » lorsqu'elle contribue à accroître la sécurité alimentaire, l'adaptation et l'atténuation de manière durable. Ce nouveau concept domine désormais les discussions actuelles en matière de développement agricole en raison de sa capacité à réunir les agendas des communautés de l'agriculture, du développement et du changement climatique sous une seule marque. Dans cet article d'opinion rédigé par des scientifiques de diverses communautés internationales de recherche agricole et climatique, nous soutenons que le concept doit être évalué de manière critique car la relation entre les trois dimensions est mal comprise, de sorte que pratiquement toute pratique agricole améliorée peut être considérée comme intelligente face au climat. Ce manque de clarté a peut-être contribué à l'attrait général du concept. En partant du principe que nous devons nous tenir responsables pour mieux répondre aux besoins humains à court et à long terme dans des limites locales et planétaires prévisibles, nous développons une conceptualisation de l'agriculture intelligente face au climat en tant qu'agriculture qui peut être démontrée pour nous rapprocher d'espaces d'exploitation sûrs pour les systèmes agricoles et alimentaires à travers les échelles spatiales et temporelles. Les améliorations de la gestion des systèmes agricoles qui nous rapprochent considérablement des espaces d'exploitation sûrs nécessiteront des transformations de la gouvernance et de l'utilisation de nos ressources naturelles, soutenues par des conditions politiques, sociales et économiques favorables au-delà des changements progressifs. L'établissement d'indicateurs et de métriques scientifiquement crédibles d'espaces d'exploitation sûrs à long terme dans le contexte d'un climat changeant et de défis socio-écologiques croissants est essentiel pour créer la demande sociétale et la volonté politique nécessaires pour motiver des transformations profondes. Répondre aux questions sur la manière dont le changement transformationnel nécessaire peut être réalisé nécessitera de définir et de tester activement des hypothèses pour affiner et caractériser nos concepts d'espaces plus sûrs pour les systèmes socio-écologiques à toutes les échelles. Cet effort exigera de prioriser les domaines clés d'innovation, tels que (1) l'amélioration de la gestion adaptative et de la gouvernance des systèmes socio-écologiques ; (2) le développement d'indicateurs intégrés significatifs et pertinents des systèmes socio-écologiques ; (3) la collecte de données, d'informations, de connaissances et d'outils analytiques intégrés de qualité pour améliorer les modèles et les scénarios dans les délais et à des échelles pertinentes pour la prise de décision ; et (4) l'établissement de dialogues légitimes et habilités sur les politiques scientifiques à l'échelle locale et internationale pour faciliter la prise de décision éclairée par des mesures et des indicateurs d'espaces opérationnels sûrs. Se considera que la agricultura es "climáticamente inteligente" cuando contribuye a aumentar la seguridad alimentaria, la adaptación y la mitigación de manera sostenible. Este nuevo concepto ahora domina las discusiones actuales en el desarrollo agrícola debido a su capacidad para unir las agendas de las comunidades de agricultura, desarrollo y cambio climático bajo una sola marca. En este artículo de opinión escrito por científicos de una variedad de comunidades internacionales de investigación agrícola y climática, argumentamos que el concepto debe evaluarse críticamente porque la relación entre las tres dimensiones es poco conocida, de modo que prácticamente cualquier práctica agrícola mejorada puede considerarse climáticamente inteligente. Esta falta de claridad puede haber contribuido al amplio atractivo del concepto. Desde el entendimiento de que debemos responsabilizarnos de satisfacer mejor las necesidades humanas a corto y largo plazo dentro de los límites locales y planetarios previsibles, desarrollamos una conceptualización de la agricultura climáticamente inteligente como agricultura que se puede demostrar que nos acerca a espacios operativos seguros para los sistemas agrícolas y alimentarios a través de escalas espaciales y temporales. Las mejoras en la gestión de los sistemas agrícolas que nos acerquen significativamente a espacios operativos seguros requerirán transformaciones en la gobernanza y el uso de nuestros recursos naturales, respaldadas por condiciones políticas, sociales y económicas propicias más allá de los cambios incrementales. Establecer indicadores y métricas científicamente creíbles de espacios operativos seguros a largo plazo en el contexto de un clima cambiante y crecientes desafíos socioecológicos es fundamental para crear la demanda social y la voluntad política necesarias para motivar transformaciones profundas. Responder a las preguntas sobre cómo se puede lograr el cambio transformacional necesario requerirá establecer y probar activamente hipótesis para refinar y caracterizar nuestros conceptos de espacios más seguros para los sistemas socioecológicos en todas las escalas. Este esfuerzo exigirá priorizar áreas clave de innovación, como (1) una mejor gestión adaptativa y gobernanza de los sistemas socioecológicos; (2) el desarrollo de indicadores integrados significativos y relevantes de los sistemas socioecológicos; (3) la recopilación de datos, información, conocimientos y herramientas analíticas integrados de calidad para mejorar los modelos y escenarios en plazos y a escalas relevantes para la toma de decisiones; y (4) el establecimiento de diálogos de políticas científicas legítimos y empoderados a escala local e internacional para facilitar la toma de decisiones informada por métricas e indicadores de espacios operativos seguros. Agriculture is considered to be "climate-smart" when it contributes to increasing food security, adaptation and mitigation in a sustainable way. This new concept now dominates current discussions in agricultural development because of its capacity to unite the agendas of the agriculture, development and climate change communities under one brand. In this opinion piece authored by scientists from a variety of international agricultural and climate research communities, we argue that the concept needs to be evaluated critically because the relationship between the three dimensions is poorly understood, such that practically any improved agricultural practice can be considered climate-smart. This lack of clarity may have contributed to the broad appeal of the concept. From the understanding that we must hold ourselves accountable to demonstrably better meet human needs in the short and long term within foreseeable local and planetary limits, we develop a conceptualization of climate-smart agriculture as agriculture that can be shown to bring us closer to safe operating spaces for agricultural and food systems across spatial and temporal scales. Improvements in the management of agricultural systems that bring us significantly closer to safe operating spaces will require transformations in governance and use of our natural resources, underpinned by enabling political, social and economic conditions beyond incremental changes. Establishing scientifically credible indicators and metrics of long-term safe operating spaces in the context of a changing climate and growing social-ecological challenges is critical to creating the societal demand and political will required to motivate deep transformations. Answering questions on how the needed transformational change can be achieved will require actively setting and testing hypotheses to refine and characterize our concepts of safer spaces for social-ecological systems across scales. This effort will demand prioritizing key areas of innovation, such as (1) improved adaptive management and governance of social-ecological systems; (2) development of meaningful and relevant integrated indicators of social-ecological systems; (3) gathering of quality integrated data, information, knowledge and analytical tools for improved models and scenarios in time frames and at scales relevant for decision-making; and (4) establishment of legitimate and empowered science policy dialogues on local to international scales to facilitate decision making informed by metrics and indicators of safe operating spaces. تعتبر الزراعة "ذكية مناخياً" عندما تساهم في زيادة الأمن الغذائي والتكيف والتخفيف بطريقة مستدامة. يهيمن هذا المفهوم الجديد الآن على المناقشات الحالية في مجال التنمية الزراعية بسبب قدرته على توحيد جداول أعمال مجتمعات الزراعة والتنمية وتغير المناخ تحت علامة تجارية واحدة. في مقال الرأي هذا الذي كتبه علماء من مجموعة متنوعة من مجتمعات البحوث الزراعية والمناخية الدولية، نجادل بأن المفهوم يحتاج إلى تقييم نقدي لأن العلاقة بين الأبعاد الثلاثة غير مفهومة بشكل جيد، بحيث يمكن اعتبار أي ممارسة زراعية محسنة عمليًا ذكية مناخيًا. قد يكون هذا الافتقار إلى الوضوح قد ساهم في الجاذبية الواسعة للمفهوم. من منطلق أننا يجب أن نحمل أنفسنا المسؤولية عن تلبية الاحتياجات البشرية بشكل أفضل على المدى القصير والطويل ضمن الحدود المحلية والكوكبية المتوقعة، فإننا نطور تصورًا للزراعة الذكية مناخيًا على أنها زراعة يمكن إثبات أنها تقربنا من مساحات التشغيل الآمنة للنظم الزراعية والغذائية عبر النطاقات المكانية والزمانية. ستتطلب التحسينات في إدارة النظم الزراعية التي تقربنا بشكل كبير من مساحات التشغيل الآمنة تحولات في الحوكمة واستخدام مواردنا الطبيعية، مدعومة بتمكين الظروف السياسية والاجتماعية والاقتصادية بما يتجاوز التغييرات التدريجية. يعد إنشاء مؤشرات ومقاييس موثوقة علميًا لمساحات التشغيل الآمنة طويلة الأجل في سياق المناخ المتغير والتحديات الاجتماعية والبيئية المتزايدة أمرًا بالغ الأهمية لخلق الطلب المجتمعي والإرادة السياسية المطلوبة لتحفيز التحولات العميقة. ستتطلب الإجابة على الأسئلة حول كيفية تحقيق التغيير التحويلي المطلوب وضع واختبار الفرضيات بنشاط لصقل وتوصيف مفاهيمنا للمساحات الأكثر أمانًا للأنظمة الاجتماعية والبيئية عبر المقاييس. سيتطلب هذا الجهد إعطاء الأولوية لمجالات الابتكار الرئيسية، مثل (1) الإدارة التكيفية المحسنة وحوكمة النظم الاجتماعية البيئية ؛ (2) وضع مؤشرات متكاملة ذات مغزى وذات صلة للنظم الاجتماعية البيئية ؛ (3) جمع بيانات ومعلومات ومعارف وأدوات تحليلية متكاملة عالية الجودة لتحسين النماذج والسيناريوهات في الأطر الزمنية وعلى المستويات ذات الصلة بصنع القرار ؛ و (4) إقامة حوارات مشروعة وممكّنة حول السياسات العلمية على المستويات المحلية والدولية لتسهيل اتخاذ القرارات مستنيرة بمقاييس ومؤشرات مساحات التشغيل الآمنة.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ The University of Ve...arrow_drop_down
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    Agriculture & Food Security
    Article . 2013 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/v9...
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ The University of Ve...arrow_drop_down
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Xiaofeng Xu; Xiaofeng Xu; Jay Gulledge; Santonu Goswami; +2 Authors

    Due to the complex nature of climate change, interdisciplinary research approaches involving knowledge and skills from a broad range of disciplines have been adopted for studying changes in the climate system as well as strategies for mitigating climate change (i.e., greenhouse gas emissions reductions) and adapting to its impacts on society and natural systems. Harnessing of renewable energy sources to replace fossil fuels is widely regarded as a long‐term mitigation strategy that requires the synthesis of knowledge from engineering, technology, and natural and social sciences. In this study, we examine how the adoption of interdisciplinary approaches has evolved over time and in different geographic regions. We conducted a comprehensive literature survey using an evaluation matrix of keywords, in combination with a word cloud analysis, to evaluate the spatiotemporal dynamics of scholarly discourse about interdisciplinary approaches to climate change and renewable energy research and development (R&D). Publications that discuss interdisciplinary approaches to climate change and renewable energy have substantially increased over the last 60 years; it appears, however, that the nature, timing, and focus of these publications vary across countries and through time. Over the most recent three decades, the country‐level contribution to interdisciplinary research for climate change has become more evenly distributed, but this was not true for renewable energy research, which remained dominated by the United Sates and a few other major economies. The research topics have also evolved: Water resource management was emphasized from 1990s to 2000s, policy and adaptation were emphasized from the 2000s to 2010–2013, while vulnerability became prominent during the most recent years (2010–2013). Our analysis indicates that the rate of growth of interdisciplinary research for renewable energy lags behind that for climate change, possibly because knowledge emanating from climate change science has motivated the subsequent upswing in renewable energy R&D. WIREs Energy Environ 2016, 5:49–56. doi: 10.1002/wene.180This article is categorized under: Bioenergy > Climate and Environment Energy and Climate > Climate and Environment

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    Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Energy and Environment
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    Authors: Todd S. Rosenstock; David LeZaks; Jay Gulledge; Robert J. Scholes; +20 Authors

    L'agriculture est considérée comme « intelligente face au climat » lorsqu'elle contribue à accroître la sécurité alimentaire, l'adaptation et l'atténuation de manière durable. Ce nouveau concept domine désormais les discussions actuelles en matière de développement agricole en raison de sa capacité à réunir les agendas des communautés de l'agriculture, du développement et du changement climatique sous une seule marque. Dans cet article d'opinion rédigé par des scientifiques de diverses communautés internationales de recherche agricole et climatique, nous soutenons que le concept doit être évalué de manière critique car la relation entre les trois dimensions est mal comprise, de sorte que pratiquement toute pratique agricole améliorée peut être considérée comme intelligente face au climat. Ce manque de clarté a peut-être contribué à l'attrait général du concept. En partant du principe que nous devons nous tenir responsables pour mieux répondre aux besoins humains à court et à long terme dans des limites locales et planétaires prévisibles, nous développons une conceptualisation de l'agriculture intelligente face au climat en tant qu'agriculture qui peut être démontrée pour nous rapprocher d'espaces d'exploitation sûrs pour les systèmes agricoles et alimentaires à travers les échelles spatiales et temporelles. Les améliorations de la gestion des systèmes agricoles qui nous rapprochent considérablement des espaces d'exploitation sûrs nécessiteront des transformations de la gouvernance et de l'utilisation de nos ressources naturelles, soutenues par des conditions politiques, sociales et économiques favorables au-delà des changements progressifs. L'établissement d'indicateurs et de métriques scientifiquement crédibles d'espaces d'exploitation sûrs à long terme dans le contexte d'un climat changeant et de défis socio-écologiques croissants est essentiel pour créer la demande sociétale et la volonté politique nécessaires pour motiver des transformations profondes. Répondre aux questions sur la manière dont le changement transformationnel nécessaire peut être réalisé nécessitera de définir et de tester activement des hypothèses pour affiner et caractériser nos concepts d'espaces plus sûrs pour les systèmes socio-écologiques à toutes les échelles. Cet effort exigera de prioriser les domaines clés d'innovation, tels que (1) l'amélioration de la gestion adaptative et de la gouvernance des systèmes socio-écologiques ; (2) le développement d'indicateurs intégrés significatifs et pertinents des systèmes socio-écologiques ; (3) la collecte de données, d'informations, de connaissances et d'outils analytiques intégrés de qualité pour améliorer les modèles et les scénarios dans les délais et à des échelles pertinentes pour la prise de décision ; et (4) l'établissement de dialogues légitimes et habilités sur les politiques scientifiques à l'échelle locale et internationale pour faciliter la prise de décision éclairée par des mesures et des indicateurs d'espaces opérationnels sûrs. Se considera que la agricultura es "climáticamente inteligente" cuando contribuye a aumentar la seguridad alimentaria, la adaptación y la mitigación de manera sostenible. Este nuevo concepto ahora domina las discusiones actuales en el desarrollo agrícola debido a su capacidad para unir las agendas de las comunidades de agricultura, desarrollo y cambio climático bajo una sola marca. En este artículo de opinión escrito por científicos de una variedad de comunidades internacionales de investigación agrícola y climática, argumentamos que el concepto debe evaluarse críticamente porque la relación entre las tres dimensiones es poco conocida, de modo que prácticamente cualquier práctica agrícola mejorada puede considerarse climáticamente inteligente. Esta falta de claridad puede haber contribuido al amplio atractivo del concepto. Desde el entendimiento de que debemos responsabilizarnos de satisfacer mejor las necesidades humanas a corto y largo plazo dentro de los límites locales y planetarios previsibles, desarrollamos una conceptualización de la agricultura climáticamente inteligente como agricultura que se puede demostrar que nos acerca a espacios operativos seguros para los sistemas agrícolas y alimentarios a través de escalas espaciales y temporales. Las mejoras en la gestión de los sistemas agrícolas que nos acerquen significativamente a espacios operativos seguros requerirán transformaciones en la gobernanza y el uso de nuestros recursos naturales, respaldadas por condiciones políticas, sociales y económicas propicias más allá de los cambios incrementales. Establecer indicadores y métricas científicamente creíbles de espacios operativos seguros a largo plazo en el contexto de un clima cambiante y crecientes desafíos socioecológicos es fundamental para crear la demanda social y la voluntad política necesarias para motivar transformaciones profundas. Responder a las preguntas sobre cómo se puede lograr el cambio transformacional necesario requerirá establecer y probar activamente hipótesis para refinar y caracterizar nuestros conceptos de espacios más seguros para los sistemas socioecológicos en todas las escalas. Este esfuerzo exigirá priorizar áreas clave de innovación, como (1) una mejor gestión adaptativa y gobernanza de los sistemas socioecológicos; (2) el desarrollo de indicadores integrados significativos y relevantes de los sistemas socioecológicos; (3) la recopilación de datos, información, conocimientos y herramientas analíticas integrados de calidad para mejorar los modelos y escenarios en plazos y a escalas relevantes para la toma de decisiones; y (4) el establecimiento de diálogos de políticas científicas legítimos y empoderados a escala local e internacional para facilitar la toma de decisiones informada por métricas e indicadores de espacios operativos seguros. Agriculture is considered to be "climate-smart" when it contributes to increasing food security, adaptation and mitigation in a sustainable way. This new concept now dominates current discussions in agricultural development because of its capacity to unite the agendas of the agriculture, development and climate change communities under one brand. In this opinion piece authored by scientists from a variety of international agricultural and climate research communities, we argue that the concept needs to be evaluated critically because the relationship between the three dimensions is poorly understood, such that practically any improved agricultural practice can be considered climate-smart. This lack of clarity may have contributed to the broad appeal of the concept. From the understanding that we must hold ourselves accountable to demonstrably better meet human needs in the short and long term within foreseeable local and planetary limits, we develop a conceptualization of climate-smart agriculture as agriculture that can be shown to bring us closer to safe operating spaces for agricultural and food systems across spatial and temporal scales. Improvements in the management of agricultural systems that bring us significantly closer to safe operating spaces will require transformations in governance and use of our natural resources, underpinned by enabling political, social and economic conditions beyond incremental changes. Establishing scientifically credible indicators and metrics of long-term safe operating spaces in the context of a changing climate and growing social-ecological challenges is critical to creating the societal demand and political will required to motivate deep transformations. Answering questions on how the needed transformational change can be achieved will require actively setting and testing hypotheses to refine and characterize our concepts of safer spaces for social-ecological systems across scales. This effort will demand prioritizing key areas of innovation, such as (1) improved adaptive management and governance of social-ecological systems; (2) development of meaningful and relevant integrated indicators of social-ecological systems; (3) gathering of quality integrated data, information, knowledge and analytical tools for improved models and scenarios in time frames and at scales relevant for decision-making; and (4) establishment of legitimate and empowered science policy dialogues on local to international scales to facilitate decision making informed by metrics and indicators of safe operating spaces. تعتبر الزراعة "ذكية مناخياً" عندما تساهم في زيادة الأمن الغذائي والتكيف والتخفيف بطريقة مستدامة. يهيمن هذا المفهوم الجديد الآن على المناقشات الحالية في مجال التنمية الزراعية بسبب قدرته على توحيد جداول أعمال مجتمعات الزراعة والتنمية وتغير المناخ تحت علامة تجارية واحدة. في مقال الرأي هذا الذي كتبه علماء من مجموعة متنوعة من مجتمعات البحوث الزراعية والمناخية الدولية، نجادل بأن المفهوم يحتاج إلى تقييم نقدي لأن العلاقة بين الأبعاد الثلاثة غير مفهومة بشكل جيد، بحيث يمكن اعتبار أي ممارسة زراعية محسنة عمليًا ذكية مناخيًا. قد يكون هذا الافتقار إلى الوضوح قد ساهم في الجاذبية الواسعة للمفهوم. من منطلق أننا يجب أن نحمل أنفسنا المسؤولية عن تلبية الاحتياجات البشرية بشكل أفضل على المدى القصير والطويل ضمن الحدود المحلية والكوكبية المتوقعة، فإننا نطور تصورًا للزراعة الذكية مناخيًا على أنها زراعة يمكن إثبات أنها تقربنا من مساحات التشغيل الآمنة للنظم الزراعية والغذائية عبر النطاقات المكانية والزمانية. ستتطلب التحسينات في إدارة النظم الزراعية التي تقربنا بشكل كبير من مساحات التشغيل الآمنة تحولات في الحوكمة واستخدام مواردنا الطبيعية، مدعومة بتمكين الظروف السياسية والاجتماعية والاقتصادية بما يتجاوز التغييرات التدريجية. يعد إنشاء مؤشرات ومقاييس موثوقة علميًا لمساحات التشغيل الآمنة طويلة الأجل في سياق المناخ المتغير والتحديات الاجتماعية والبيئية المتزايدة أمرًا بالغ الأهمية لخلق الطلب المجتمعي والإرادة السياسية المطلوبة لتحفيز التحولات العميقة. ستتطلب الإجابة على الأسئلة حول كيفية تحقيق التغيير التحويلي المطلوب وضع واختبار الفرضيات بنشاط لصقل وتوصيف مفاهيمنا للمساحات الأكثر أمانًا للأنظمة الاجتماعية والبيئية عبر المقاييس. سيتطلب هذا الجهد إعطاء الأولوية لمجالات الابتكار الرئيسية، مثل (1) الإدارة التكيفية المحسنة وحوكمة النظم الاجتماعية البيئية ؛ (2) وضع مؤشرات متكاملة ذات مغزى وذات صلة للنظم الاجتماعية البيئية ؛ (3) جمع بيانات ومعلومات ومعارف وأدوات تحليلية متكاملة عالية الجودة لتحسين النماذج والسيناريوهات في الأطر الزمنية وعلى المستويات ذات الصلة بصنع القرار ؛ و (4) إقامة حوارات مشروعة وممكّنة حول السياسات العلمية على المستويات المحلية والدولية لتسهيل اتخاذ القرارات مستنيرة بمقاييس ومؤشرات مساحات التشغيل الآمنة.

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