• Energy Research

TECHNICAL INFO No data quality control has been carried out. No gap-filling has been applied. Detailed information about the site and deployment can be found in the Technical documentation of the urbisphere-Paris campaign. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Authors thank SIRTA/LMD staff for providing support and facilities; ATMO-TNA-3—0000000125 funding COPYRIGHT NOTICE Copyright Jörn Birkmann, Andreas Christen, Nektarios Chrysoulakis, and Sue Grimmond. Some rights reserved. CREATOR NOTICE This work is owned by the Principal Investigators (PIs) of the Urbisphere project. ATTRIBUTION NOTICE The [creation and] curation of this work has been funded by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 855005). DISCLAIMER NOTICE The use of the work is at the user's own risk. The authors, the involved institutions, and/or the European Research Council accept no liability for material or non-material damage arising from the use or non-use or from the use of incorrect or incomplete information in this work. The authors, the involved institutions, and/or the European Research Council are not responsible for any use that may be made of the information in this work. The legal provisions remain unaffected. MATERIAL NOTICE The notices cover data in databases, text and images contained in the work. MATERIAL URI Urbisphere project Original logger data files from radiometer measurements on a sun tracker of global, direct and diffuse shortwave irradiance and longwave irradiance at roof-level at the site Paris – Chemin Vert Bobigny in the NE of the built-up area of Paris.

TECHNICAL INFO No data quality control has been carried out. No gap-filling has been applied. Detailed information about the site and deployment can be found in the Technical documentation of the urbisphere-Paris campaign. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Authors thank SIRTA/LMD staff for providing support and facilities; ATMO-TNA-3—0000000125 funding; Meteo France for hosting the instrumentation at Meteo France stations. COPYRIGHT NOTICE Copyright Jörn Birkmann, Andreas Christen, Nektarios Chrysoulakis, and Sue Grimmond. Some rights reserved. CREATOR NOTICE This work is owned by the Principal Investigators (PIs) of the Urbisphere project. ATTRIBUTION NOTICE The [creation and] curation of this work has been funded by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 855005). DISCLAIMER NOTICE The use of the work is at the user's own risk. The authors, the involved institutions, and/or the European Research Council accept no liability for material or non-material damage arising from the use or non-use or from the use of incorrect or incomplete information in this work. The authors, the involved institutions, and/or the European Research Council are not responsible for any use that may be made of the information in this work. The legal provisions remain unaffected. MATERIAL NOTICE The notices cover data in databases, text and images contained in the work. MATERIAL URI Urbisphere project Original logger data files from radiometer measurements of shortwave irradiance and longwave irradiance at Nangis (Départment 77) in the rural area to the SE of Greater Paris. Measurements were taken at the MétéoFrance weather station at Nangis on the airfield at Nangis-les-Loges (ID 77211001)

TECHNICAL INFO No data quality control has been carried out. No gap-filling has been applied. Detailed information about the site and deployment can be found in the Technical documentation of the urbisphere-Paris campaign. This publication may include a number of files that contain the same measurements (duplicate files, "dupes") as multiple raw data backups were performed on the data. The duplicate data can be differentiated by the information found in the timestamp column and file header. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Authors thank SIRTA/LMD staff for providing support and facilities; ATMO-TNA-3—0000000125 funding COPYRIGHT NOTICE Copyright Jörn Birkmann, Andreas Christen, Nektarios Chrysoulakis, and Sue Grimmond. Some rights reserved. CREATOR NOTICE This work is owned by the Principal Investigators (PIs) of the Urbisphere project. ATTRIBUTION NOTICE The [creation and] curation of this work has been funded by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 855005). DISCLAIMER NOTICE The use of the work is at the user's own risk. The authors, the involved institutions, and/or the European Research Council accept no liability for material or non-material damage arising from the use or non-use or from the use of incorrect or incomplete information in this work. The authors, the involved institutions, and/or the European Research Council are not responsible for any use that may be made of the information in this work. The legal provisions remain unaffected. MATERIAL NOTICE The notices cover data in databases, text and images contained in the work. MATERIAL URI Urbisphere project Original logger data files from radiometer intercomparison measurements at SIRTA Atmospheric Observatory in Palaiseau in the Greater Paris region.

TECHNICAL INFO No data quality control has been carried out. No gap-filling has been applied. Detailed information about the site and deployment can be found in the Technical documentation of the urbisphere-Paris campaign. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Authors thank SIRTA/LMD staff for providing support and facilities; ATMO-TNA-3—0000000125 funding; Institut Astrophysique de Paris for hosting the measurement station. COPYRIGHT NOTICE Copyright Jörn Birkmann, Andreas Christen, Nektarios Chrysoulakis, and Sue Grimmond. Some rights reserved. CREATOR NOTICE This work is owned by the Principal Investigators (PIs) of the Urbisphere project. ATTRIBUTION NOTICE The [creation and] curation of this work has been funded by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 855005). DISCLAIMER NOTICE The use of the work is at the user's own risk. The authors, the involved institutions, and/or the European Research Council accept no liability for material or non-material damage arising from the use or non-use or from the use of incorrect or incomplete information in this work. The authors, the involved institutions, and/or the European Research Council are not responsible for any use that may be made of the information in this work. The legal provisions remain unaffected. MATERIAL NOTICE The notices cover data in databases, text and images contained in the work. MATERIAL URI Urbisphere project Original logger data files from radiometer measurements on a sun tracker of global, direct and diffuse shortwave irradiance and longwave irradiance at roof-level at the Observatoire de Paris (Institut Astrophysique de Paris) in the centre of Greater Paris (near Place Denfert-Rochereau, 14th arrondissement).

TECHNICAL INFO No data quality control has been carried out. No gap-filling has been applied. Detailed information about the site and deployment can be found in the Technical documentation of the urbisphere-Paris campaign. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Authors thank SIRTA/LMD staff for providing support and facilities; ATMO-TNA-3—0000000125 funding; Meteo France for hosting the instrumentation at Meteo France stations COPYRIGHT NOTICE Copyright Jörn Birkmann, Andreas Christen, Nektarios Chrysoulakis, and Sue Grimmond. Some rights reserved. CREATOR NOTICE This work is owned by the Principal Investigators (PIs) of the Urbisphere project. ATTRIBUTION NOTICE The [creation and] curation of this work has been funded by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 855005). DISCLAIMER NOTICE The use of the work is at the user's own risk. The authors, the involved institutions, and/or the European Research Council accept no liability for material or non-material damage arising from the use or non-use or from the use of incorrect or incomplete information in this work. The authors, the involved institutions, and/or the European Research Council are not responsible for any use that may be made of the information in this work. The legal provisions remain unaffected. MATERIAL NOTICE The notices cover data in databases, text and images contained in the work. MATERIAL URI Urbisphere project Original logger data files from radiometer measurements of shortwave irradiance and longwave irradiance at Prunay-le-Temple (Département 78) in the rural region to the W of the Greater Paris region. Measurements were taken at the MétéoFrance weather station at Prunay-le-Temple SAPC (ID 78505001)

AbstractOne important challenge facing the urbanization and global environmental change community is to understand the relation between urban form, energy use and carbon emissions. Missing from the current literature are scientific assessments that evaluate the impacts of different urban spatial units on energy fluxes; yet, this type of analysis is needed by urban planners, who recognize that local scale zoning affects energy consumption and local climate. Satellite-based estimation of urban energy fluxes at neighbourhood scale is still a challenge. Here we show the potential of the current satellite missions to retrieve urban energy budget fluxes, supported by meteorological observations and evaluated by direct flux measurements. We found an agreement within 5% between satellite and in-situ derived net all-wave radiation; and identified that wall facet fraction and urban materials type are the most important parameters for estimating heat storage of the urban canopy. The satellite approaches were found to underestimate measured turbulent heat fluxes, with sensible heat flux being most sensitive to surface temperature variation (−64.1, +69.3 W m−2 for ±2 K perturbation). They also underestimate anthropogenic heat fluxes. However, reasonable spatial patterns are obtained for the latter allowing hot-spots to be identified, therefore supporting both urban planning and urban climate modelling.

TECHNICAL INFO No data quality control has been carried out. No gap-filling has been applied. Detailed information about the site and deployment can be found in the Technical documentation of the urbisphere-Paris campaign. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Authors thank SIRTA/LMD staff for providing support and facilities; ATMO-TNA-3—0000000125 funding; members of Musée Moulin Brosserie de Saint Félix (

TECHNICAL INFO No data quality control has been carried out. No gap-filling has been applied. Detailed information about the site and deployment can be found in the Technical documentation of the urbisphere-Paris campaign. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Authors thank SIRTA/LMD staff for providing support and facilities; ATMO-TNA-3—0000000125 funding; Meteo France for hosting the instrumentation at Meteo France stations COPYRIGHT NOTICE Copyright Jörn Birkmann, Andreas Christen, Nektarios Chrysoulakis, and Sue Grimmond. Some rights reserved. CREATOR NOTICE This work is owned by the Principal Investigators (PIs) of the Urbisphere project. ATTRIBUTION NOTICE The [creation and] curation of this work has been funded by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 855005). DISCLAIMER NOTICE The use of the work is at the user's own risk. The authors, the involved institutions, and/or the European Research Council accept no liability for material or non-material damage arising from the use or non-use or from the use of incorrect or incomplete information in this work. The authors, the involved institutions, and/or the European Research Council are not responsible for any use that may be made of the information in this work. The legal provisions remain unaffected. MATERIAL NOTICE The notices cover data in databases, text and images contained in the work. MATERIAL URI Urbisphere project Original logger data files from radiometer measurements of shortwave irradiance and longwave irradiance at Changis-sur-Marne (Département 77) in rural area to the ENE of Greater Paris. Measurements were taken at the MétéoFrance weather station at Changis / Pont de l'Ormois (ID 77084001)