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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Marwa Dkhili; Giulia Lucarelli; Francesca De Rossi; Babak Taheri; +4 Authors

    Les couches de transport d'électrons (ETL) jouent un rôle fondamental dans les cellules solaires à pérovskite (PSC) grâce à l'extraction de charge. Ici, nous avons développé des ESP flexibles sur 12 types différents d'ETL basés sur SnO2. Nous montrons que les ETL doivent être spécifiquement développés pour les substrats en plastique afin d'atteindre 15% de cellules flexibles efficaces. Les recettes développées pour les substrats en verre ne transfèrent généralement pas directement. Parmi tous les ETL, les doubles couches de ZnO/SnO2 ont fourni le rendement moyen de conversion de puissance le plus élevé de 14,6 % (meilleure cellule 14,8 %), soit 39 % de plus que celui des cellules flexibles du même lot basées sur des ETL uniquement de SnO2. Cependant, les cellules avec un seul ETL constitué de nanoparticules de SnO2 se sont avérées plus stables ainsi que plus efficaces et reproductibles que le SnO2 formé à partir d'un précurseur liquide (SnO2-LP). Nous avons cherché à mieux comprendre ce qui fait un bon ETL sur les substrats en polyéthylène téréphtalate (PET). Plus que d'assurer le transport d'électrons (comme le montrent les analyses de résistance en courant et en série), fournir des résistances de shunt élevées (RSH) et des courants de recombinaison plus faibles (Ioff) est essentiel pour obtenir une efficacité élevée. En fait, le RSH des ESP fabriqués sur verre était deux fois plus grand, et Ioff était de 76 % inférieur en termes relatifs, en moyenne, à ceux sur PET, indiquant un comportement de blocage considérablement meilleur des ETL sur verre, ce qui explique dans une large mesure les différences de pce moyen (+29 % en termes relatifs pour le verre par rapport au PET) entre ces deux types d'appareils. Il est important de noter que nous avons également constaté une tendance claire pour tous les ETL et pour différents substrats entre le comportement de mouillage de chaque surface et les performances finales du dispositif, les efficacités augmentant avec des angles de contact plus faibles (compris entre ∼50 et 80°). Un meilleur mouillage, avec des angles de contact moyens inférieurs de 25% sur le verre par rapport au PET, était propice à la fourniture de couches et d'interfaces de meilleure qualité. Cette connaissance peut aider à optimiser davantage les appareils flexibles et à combler l'écart d'efficacité qui existe encore avec leurs homologues en verre. Las capas de transporte de electrones (ETL) desempeñan un papel fundamental en las células solares de perovskita (PSC) a través de la extracción de carga. Aquí, desarrollamos PSC flexibles en 12 tipos diferentes de ETL basados en SnO2. Mostramos que los ETL deben desarrollarse específicamente para sustratos de plástico para lograr células flexibles con un 15% de eficiencia. Las recetas desarrolladas para sustratos de vidrio no suelen transferirse directamente. Entre todos los ETL, las capas dobles de ZnO/SnO2 entregaron la mayor eficiencia de conversión de potencia promedio del 14.6% (mejor celda 14.8%), 39% más alta que la de las celdas flexibles del mismo lote basadas en ETL solo de SnO2. Sin embargo, se encontró que las células con un solo ETL hecho de nanopartículas de SnO2 eran más estables, así como más eficientes y reproducibles que el SnO2 formado a partir de un precursor líquido (SnO2-LP). Nuestro objetivo era aumentar la comprensión de lo que hace un buen ETL en sustratos de tereftalato de polietileno (PET). Más que garantizar el transporte de electrones (como se ve en el análisis de resistencia en corriente y en serie), la entrega de altas resistencias de derivación (RSH) y corrientes de recombinación más bajas (Ioff) es clave para obtener una alta eficiencia. De hecho, el RSH de las PSC fabricadas en vidrio fue el doble de grande, y el Ioff fue un 76% menor en términos relativos, en promedio, que los de PET, lo que indica un comportamiento de bloqueo considerablemente mejor de los ETL en vidrio, lo que explica en gran medida las diferencias en el PCE promedio (+29% en términos relativos para vidrio frente a PET) entre estos dos tipos de dispositivos. Es importante destacar que también encontramos una tendencia clara para todos los ETL y para diferentes sustratos entre el comportamiento de humectación de cada superficie y el rendimiento final del dispositivo, con eficiencias que aumentan con ángulos de contacto más bajos (que oscilan entre ~50 y 80°). Una mejor humectación, con ángulos de contacto medios inferiores en un 25% en el vidrio en comparación con el PET, fue propicia para ofrecer capas e interfaces de mayor calidad. Este conocimiento puede ayudar a optimizar aún más los dispositivos flexibles y cerrar la brecha de eficiencia que todavía existe con sus contrapartes de vidrio. Electron transport layers (ETLs) play a fundamental role in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) through charge extraction. Here, we developed flexible PSCs on 12 different kinds of ETLs based on SnO2. We show that ETLs need to be specifically developed for plastic substrates in order to attain 15% efficient flexible cells. Recipes developed for glass substrates do not typically transfer directly. Among all the ETLs, ZnO/SnO2 double layers delivered the highest average power conversion efficiency of 14.6% (best cell 14.8%), 39% higher than that of flexible cells of the same batch based on SnO2-only ETLs. However, the cells with a single ETL made of SnO2 nanoparticles were found to be more stable as well as more efficient and reproducible than SnO2 formed from a liquid precursor (SnO2-LP). We aimed at increasing the understanding of what makes a good ETL on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates. More so than ensuring electron transport (as seen from on-current and series resistance analysis), delivering high shunt resistances (RSH) and lower recombination currents (Ioff) is key to obtain high efficiency. In fact, RSH of PSCs fabricated on glass was twice as large, and Ioff was 76% lower in relative terms, on average, than those on PET, indicating considerably better blocking behavior of ETLs on glass, which to a large extent explains the differences in average PCE (+29% in relative terms for glass vs PET) between these two types of devices. Importantly, we also found a clear trend for all ETLs and for different substrates between the wetting behavior of each surface and the final performance of the device, with efficiencies increasing with lower contact angles (ranging between ∼50 and 80°). Better wetting, with average contact angles being lower by 25% on glass versus PET, was conducive to delivering higher-quality layers and interfaces. This cognizance can help further optimize flexible devices and close the efficiency gap that still exists with their glass counterparts. تلعب طبقات نقل الإلكترون (ETLs) دورًا أساسيًا في الخلايا الشمسية البيروفسكية (PSCs) من خلال استخراج الشحنة. هنا، قمنا بتطوير PSCs مرنة على 12 نوعًا مختلفًا من ETLs بناءً على SnO2. نظهر أن ETLs تحتاج إلى تطوير خصيصًا للركائز البلاستيكية من أجل تحقيق خلايا مرنة فعالة بنسبة 15 ٪. لا تنتقل الوصفات المطورة للركائز الزجاجية عادة مباشرة. من بين جميع ETLs، قدمت الطبقات المزدوجة ZnO/SnO2 أعلى متوسط لكفاءة تحويل الطاقة بنسبة 14.6 ٪ (أفضل خلية 14.8 ٪)، أعلى بنسبة 39 ٪ من الخلايا المرنة من نفس الدفعة بناءً على ETLs SnO2 فقط. ومع ذلك، وجد أن الخلايا التي تحتوي على ETL واحد مصنوع من جزيئات SnO2 النانوية أكثر استقرارًا وكذلك أكثر كفاءة وقابلية للتكاثر من SnO2 المتكون من سلائف سائلة (SnO2 - LP). كنا نهدف إلى زيادة فهم ما يجعل ETL جيدًا على ركائز البولي إيثيلين تيريفثالات (PET). أكثر من ضمان نقل الإلكترون (كما يتضح من تحليل مقاومة التيار المستمر والمقاومة التسلسلية)، فإن توفير مقاومات تحويلة عالية (RSH) وتيارات إعادة التركيب المنخفضة (Ioff) هو المفتاح للحصول على كفاءة عالية. في الواقع، كان RSH من PSCs المصنعة على الزجاج أكبر بمرتين، وكان Ioff أقل بنسبة 76 ٪ من الناحية النسبية، في المتوسط، من تلك الموجودة على PET، مما يشير إلى سلوك حجب أفضل بكثير لـ ETLs على الزجاج، مما يفسر إلى حد كبير الاختلافات في متوسط PCE (+29 ٪ من الناحية النسبية للزجاج مقابل PET) بين هذين النوعين من الأجهزة. الأهم من ذلك، وجدنا أيضًا اتجاهًا واضحًا لجميع ETLs وللركائز المختلفة بين سلوك الترطيب لكل سطح والأداء النهائي للجهاز، مع زيادة الكفاءة مع انخفاض زوايا التلامس (تتراوح بين 50 و 80درجة). كان الترطيب الأفضل، مع انخفاض متوسط زوايا التلامس بنسبة 25 ٪ على الزجاج مقابل البولي إيثيلين تيرفثالات، مواتياً لتقديم طبقات وواجهات عالية الجودة. يمكن أن يساعد هذا الإدراك في تحسين الأجهزة المرنة بشكل أكبر وسد فجوة الكفاءة التي لا تزال موجودة مع نظيراتها الزجاجية.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ ACS Applied Energy M...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    ACS Applied Energy Materials
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    ZENODO
    Article . 2022
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: ZENODO
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    ZENODO
    Article . 2022
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: ZENODO
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/wc...
    Other literature type . 2022
    Data sources: Datacite
    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/ed...
    Other literature type . 2022
    Data sources: Datacite
    ACS Applied Energy Materials
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Dianetti, M; DI GIACOMO, FRANCESCO; Polino, G; Ciceroni, C; +6 Authors

    In this work we present a transparent conductive oxide (TCO)-free flexible perovskite planar heterojunction solar cell made with a semitransparent anode realized with a highly conductive poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) PEDOT:PSS (PH1000 by Clevios) modified with ethylene glycol layer, deposited via spray coating. We investigated several formulations of PEDOT:PSS modified by addition of solvents with high boiling point such as ethylene glycol (EG) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Optimized samples show a 65% transmittance at 550 nm and a sheet resistance of 28 Omega/square. On these optimized electrodes we fabricated a TCO-free flexible device, the best of which exhibited a power conversion efficiency of 4.9% under 100 mW/cm(2) illumination at AM1.5G. The efficiency of the perovskite planar-heterojunction solar cell, with the modified PEDOT:PSS anode was comparable to the one realized on a PET-ITO anode. Moreover, in the bending test, ITO-free flexible solar cell manifested superior mechanical robustness, showing the high flexibility of the perovskite layer. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Archivio della Ricer...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    CNR ExploRA
    Article . 2015
    Data sources: CNR ExploRA
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells
    Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    IRIS Cnr
    Article . 2015
    Data sources: IRIS Cnr
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Archivio della Ricer...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      CNR ExploRA
      Article . 2015
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells
      Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Elsevier TDM
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      IRIS Cnr
      Article . 2015
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Zarabiani, Nazila; Lucarelli, Giulia; Rasuli, Reza; De Rossi, Francesca; +4 Authors

    Most laboratories employ spin coating with application of antisolvent to achieve high efficiency in perovskite solar cells. However, this method wastes a lot of material and is not industrially usable. Conversely, large area coating techniques such as blade and slot-die require high precision engineering both for deposition of ink and for gas or for electromagnetic drying procedures that replace, out of necessity, anti-solvent engineering. Here we present a simple and effective method to deposit uniform high-quality perovskite films with a piece of paper as an applicator at low temperatures. We fabricated solar cells on flexible PET substrates manually with 11% power conversion efficiency. Deposition after soaking the sheet of paper in a green antisolvent improved the efficiency by 82% compared to when using dry paper as applicator. This new technique enables manual film deposition without any expensive equipment and has the potential to be fully automated for future optimization and exploitation.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Archivio della Ricer...arrow_drop_down
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    iScience
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
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    iScience
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    iScience
    Article . 2022
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    ZENODO
    Article . 2022
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: ZENODO
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    ZENODO
    Article . 2022
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: ZENODO
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    iScience
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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    http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.is...
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Archivio della Ricer...arrow_drop_down
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      iScience
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      iScience
      Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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      http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.is...
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Polino G.; Casaluci S.; Dianetti M.; Dell'Elce S.; +9 Authors

    AbstractIn this work, we present the realization and characterization of bulk‐heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells in which we use a spin‐coated polyethylenimine‐ethoxylated (PEIE) layer as electron‐transporting layer deposited from a fully water‐based solution. We investigated several concentrations of PEIE in aqueous solution and characterized the chemical and electrical behavior of PEIE‐coated fluorinated tin oxide (FTO) substrates. We realized BHJ solar cells using P3HT:PC60BM as active layer achieving a maximum efficiency of 4 % that outperform the device fabricated using a 2‐methoxyethanol‐based PEIE solution considered as reference. Moreover, devices fabricated with the water‐based PEIE solution showed a higher shelf‐life stability compared to those made with the 2‐methoxyethanol‐based PEIE solution. The performances of the devices realized with the water‐based solution were characterized over a period of more than 6 months showing a decrease of 30 % in efficiency.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Energy Technologyarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Energy Technology
    Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    Article . 2015
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Energy Technologyarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Energy Technology
      Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      Article . 2015
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Samyuktha Noola; Gyanendra Shankar; Francesca De Rossi; Emanuele Calabrò; +3 Authors

    Optimising CuSCN as a hole transport layer enhances the power conversion efficiency of flexible carbon-based PSCs, combining excellent hole transport properties and cost effectiveness.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Sustainable Energy &...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Sustainable Energy & Fuels
    Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    https://doi.org/10.29363/nanog...
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Sustainable Energy &...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Sustainable Energy & Fuels
      Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
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      https://doi.org/10.29363/nanog...
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: La Notte, L; Mineo, D; Polino, G; Susanna, G; +4 Authors

    AbstractIn organic photovoltaics, large‐area‐compatible and solution‐based processes are the best candidates for achieving high throughput at low cost. Among these, spray coating is a well‐established technique in the industry that can be successfully applied to polymer solar cells (PSCs). In this study we report the demonstration of an automated spray process, completely performed in air, to fabricate the first fully spray‐coated modules on glass/transparent‐conducting‐oxide (TCO) substrates. For this purpose we started with optical and electrical characterization of single layers (TiO2, P3HT:PCBM, PEDOT‐CPP, and PEDOT‐PH1000), to obtain films with the desired properties. Then, photovoltaic cells and modules were fabricated by increasing the number of sprayed layers (1‐layer, 2‐layers, and fully sprayed devices completely free from evaporation processes). Good reproducibility and encouraging electrical performances were obtained. In particular, the 1‐layer, 2‐layer, and full modules (active area=6 cm2) exhibited conversion efficiencies of 1.8 %, 1.3 %, and 0.9 %, respectively. Therefore, the feasibility of a scalable and reliable process for spraying all layers of a semitransparent PSC module were demonstrated here with the potential of being applicable to plastic substrates by the introduction of a low‐temperature‐processed layer in place of TiO2.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Archivio della Ricer...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Energy Technology
    Article . 2013 . Peer-reviewed
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Archivio della Ricer...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Energy Technology
      Article . 2013 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Andrea Liscio; Giorgio Cardone; Aldo Di Carlo; Aldo Di Carlo; +5 Authors

    In the renewable energy field, the use of hybrid perovskite materials has opened up new directions to fabricate cost‐effective and highly efficient photovoltaic devices. Despite impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE), exceeding 25.2%, demonstrated on lab‐scale devices, scalability and stability of device are still topical issues. In this context, large‐area deposition procedures and automated fabrication protocols are required to achieve high throughput serial production of modules and panels. In this work, a spray‐coated tin oxide (SnO2) layer processed at low temperature for the realization of planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and modules is demonstrated. Using sprayed Np‐SnO2 as the electron transport layer (ETL), a CH3NH3PbI3‐based solar device shows a maximum PCE of 16.77% (avg. 15.01%) comparable to 17% (avg. 15.5%) with respect to spin‐coated Np‐SnO2. Unencapsulated spray‐ and spin‐coated PSCs stored in 25 °C and 50% relative humidity show shelf life stability by retaining 85% of the initial PCE value after more than 1000 h. Moreover, the feasibility of fabrication of the modules with 15 cm2 active area is demonstrated, which reaches 9.37% of PCE from uniform spray‐deposited SnO2 film on a large area (20 × 20 cm2).

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ CNR ExploRAarrow_drop_down
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    ZENODO
    Article . 2020
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Energy Technology
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    Energy Technology
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      Energy Technology
      Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Atiq Ur Rahman; Aliah El Astal-Quirós; Gianpaolo Susanna; Hamed Javanbakht; +7 Authors

    We reported the comparative studies of the optimization of solution-processable tungsten trioxide (WO3) as a hole transporting layer (HTL) in inverted organic photovoltaics (OPVs) using spin coating, slot-die coating, and spray coating technologies for scaling-up applications. To facilitate the technology’s transition into commercial manufacturing, it is necessary to explore the role of scalable technologies for low-cost and efficient device fabrication. We investigated the role of diluting WO3 with isopropanol as an HTL in inverted OPVs to solve the issue of poor wettability of the hydrophobic surface of the PBDB-T: ITIC bulk heterojunction layer. The optimal dilution ratios of WO3 with isopropanol were 1:4, 1:4 and 1:8 with spin coating, slot-die coating and spray coating techniques, respectively. We evaluated the device performance by conducting a current density–voltage (J-V) analysis, incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) measurements, and ultraviolet–visible (UV-Vis) absorbance spectra for various WO3 concentrations. The J-V characteristics revealed that slot-die coating resulted in the highest performance, followed by the spray coating technology. We further investigated the impact of the annealing temperature on device performance for both slot-die- and spray-coated diluted WO3. The highest device performance was achieved at an annealing temperature of 120 °C for both coating technologies. This research offers valuable insights into the scalable fabrication of inverted OPV devices, paving the way for cost-effective and efficient large-scale production.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ IRIS Cnrarrow_drop_down
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Energies
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Energies
    Article . 2024
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      Energies
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      Energies
      Article . 2024
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: La Notte, Luca; Polino, Giuseppina; Ciceroni, Claudio; Brunetti, Francesca; +3 Authors

    AbstractThe use of low‐band‐gap polymer donors in the field of polymer solar cells (PSCs) allows to reduce the gap with other consolidated photovoltaic technologies because high conversion efficiencies can be achieved. Unfortunately, optimal performance is strongly correlated to the use of chlorinated solvents, known to be harmful in working conditions due to their toxicity towards environment and human health. For this reason, high‐performing PSCs have been deposited via small‐area techniques. We report on the use of a PBDTTT‐C‐T:PC70BM blend dissolved in the non‐chlorinated solventortho‐xylene for the deposition of spin‐coated and spray‐coated active layers in direct PSCs. An impressive conversion efficiency of 8 % is obtained for the spin‐coated blend, whereas the significant value of 4.4 % is achieved by using the spray‐coated blend. The work opens the way to the use of low‐band‐gap materials in spray coating, a non‐wasteful technique compatible with coating large areas.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Energy Technologyarrow_drop_down
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    Energy Technology
    Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Energy Technologyarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Energy Technology
      Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Wiley Online Library User Agreement
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Fallahpour, AH; Ulisse, G; AUF DER MAUR, MATTHIAS; DI CARLO, ALDO; +1 Authors

    In this paper, we report an investigation of the optical and electrical properties of an organic solar cell (OSC) with a back contact grating architecture through 3-D numerical simulations. By using finite-element methods for both optical and transport properties, we have modeled the behavior of OSC with a grating architecture and compared with a conventional planar structure. Based on these optoelectrical simulations, we optimized the back contact grating, obtaining an increment of up to 17.5% in power conversion efficiency with respect to a planar structured OSC. This enhancement is the result of an increase of both short-circuit current and fill factor.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Archivio della Ricer...arrow_drop_down
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    IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics
    Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
    License: IEEE Copyright
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Marwa Dkhili; Giulia Lucarelli; Francesca De Rossi; Babak Taheri; +4 Authors

    Les couches de transport d'électrons (ETL) jouent un rôle fondamental dans les cellules solaires à pérovskite (PSC) grâce à l'extraction de charge. Ici, nous avons développé des ESP flexibles sur 12 types différents d'ETL basés sur SnO2. Nous montrons que les ETL doivent être spécifiquement développés pour les substrats en plastique afin d'atteindre 15% de cellules flexibles efficaces. Les recettes développées pour les substrats en verre ne transfèrent généralement pas directement. Parmi tous les ETL, les doubles couches de ZnO/SnO2 ont fourni le rendement moyen de conversion de puissance le plus élevé de 14,6 % (meilleure cellule 14,8 %), soit 39 % de plus que celui des cellules flexibles du même lot basées sur des ETL uniquement de SnO2. Cependant, les cellules avec un seul ETL constitué de nanoparticules de SnO2 se sont avérées plus stables ainsi que plus efficaces et reproductibles que le SnO2 formé à partir d'un précurseur liquide (SnO2-LP). Nous avons cherché à mieux comprendre ce qui fait un bon ETL sur les substrats en polyéthylène téréphtalate (PET). Plus que d'assurer le transport d'électrons (comme le montrent les analyses de résistance en courant et en série), fournir des résistances de shunt élevées (RSH) et des courants de recombinaison plus faibles (Ioff) est essentiel pour obtenir une efficacité élevée. En fait, le RSH des ESP fabriqués sur verre était deux fois plus grand, et Ioff était de 76 % inférieur en termes relatifs, en moyenne, à ceux sur PET, indiquant un comportement de blocage considérablement meilleur des ETL sur verre, ce qui explique dans une large mesure les différences de pce moyen (+29 % en termes relatifs pour le verre par rapport au PET) entre ces deux types d'appareils. Il est important de noter que nous avons également constaté une tendance claire pour tous les ETL et pour différents substrats entre le comportement de mouillage de chaque surface et les performances finales du dispositif, les efficacités augmentant avec des angles de contact plus faibles (compris entre ∼50 et 80°). Un meilleur mouillage, avec des angles de contact moyens inférieurs de 25% sur le verre par rapport au PET, était propice à la fourniture de couches et d'interfaces de meilleure qualité. Cette connaissance peut aider à optimiser davantage les appareils flexibles et à combler l'écart d'efficacité qui existe encore avec leurs homologues en verre. Las capas de transporte de electrones (ETL) desempeñan un papel fundamental en las células solares de perovskita (PSC) a través de la extracción de carga. Aquí, desarrollamos PSC flexibles en 12 tipos diferentes de ETL basados en SnO2. Mostramos que los ETL deben desarrollarse específicamente para sustratos de plástico para lograr células flexibles con un 15% de eficiencia. Las recetas desarrolladas para sustratos de vidrio no suelen transferirse directamente. Entre todos los ETL, las capas dobles de ZnO/SnO2 entregaron la mayor eficiencia de conversión de potencia promedio del 14.6% (mejor celda 14.8%), 39% más alta que la de las celdas flexibles del mismo lote basadas en ETL solo de SnO2. Sin embargo, se encontró que las células con un solo ETL hecho de nanopartículas de SnO2 eran más estables, así como más eficientes y reproducibles que el SnO2 formado a partir de un precursor líquido (SnO2-LP). Nuestro objetivo era aumentar la comprensión de lo que hace un buen ETL en sustratos de tereftalato de polietileno (PET). Más que garantizar el transporte de electrones (como se ve en el análisis de resistencia en corriente y en serie), la entrega de altas resistencias de derivación (RSH) y corrientes de recombinación más bajas (Ioff) es clave para obtener una alta eficiencia. De hecho, el RSH de las PSC fabricadas en vidrio fue el doble de grande, y el Ioff fue un 76% menor en términos relativos, en promedio, que los de PET, lo que indica un comportamiento de bloqueo considerablemente mejor de los ETL en vidrio, lo que explica en gran medida las diferencias en el PCE promedio (+29% en términos relativos para vidrio frente a PET) entre estos dos tipos de dispositivos. Es importante destacar que también encontramos una tendencia clara para todos los ETL y para diferentes sustratos entre el comportamiento de humectación de cada superficie y el rendimiento final del dispositivo, con eficiencias que aumentan con ángulos de contacto más bajos (que oscilan entre ~50 y 80°). Una mejor humectación, con ángulos de contacto medios inferiores en un 25% en el vidrio en comparación con el PET, fue propicia para ofrecer capas e interfaces de mayor calidad. Este conocimiento puede ayudar a optimizar aún más los dispositivos flexibles y cerrar la brecha de eficiencia que todavía existe con sus contrapartes de vidrio. Electron transport layers (ETLs) play a fundamental role in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) through charge extraction. Here, we developed flexible PSCs on 12 different kinds of ETLs based on SnO2. We show that ETLs need to be specifically developed for plastic substrates in order to attain 15% efficient flexible cells. Recipes developed for glass substrates do not typically transfer directly. Among all the ETLs, ZnO/SnO2 double layers delivered the highest average power conversion efficiency of 14.6% (best cell 14.8%), 39% higher than that of flexible cells of the same batch based on SnO2-only ETLs. However, the cells with a single ETL made of SnO2 nanoparticles were found to be more stable as well as more efficient and reproducible than SnO2 formed from a liquid precursor (SnO2-LP). We aimed at increasing the understanding of what makes a good ETL on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates. More so than ensuring electron transport (as seen from on-current and series resistance analysis), delivering high shunt resistances (RSH) and lower recombination currents (Ioff) is key to obtain high efficiency. In fact, RSH of PSCs fabricated on glass was twice as large, and Ioff was 76% lower in relative terms, on average, than those on PET, indicating considerably better blocking behavior of ETLs on glass, which to a large extent explains the differences in average PCE (+29% in relative terms for glass vs PET) between these two types of devices. Importantly, we also found a clear trend for all ETLs and for different substrates between the wetting behavior of each surface and the final performance of the device, with efficiencies increasing with lower contact angles (ranging between ∼50 and 80°). Better wetting, with average contact angles being lower by 25% on glass versus PET, was conducive to delivering higher-quality layers and interfaces. This cognizance can help further optimize flexible devices and close the efficiency gap that still exists with their glass counterparts. تلعب طبقات نقل الإلكترون (ETLs) دورًا أساسيًا في الخلايا الشمسية البيروفسكية (PSCs) من خلال استخراج الشحنة. هنا، قمنا بتطوير PSCs مرنة على 12 نوعًا مختلفًا من ETLs بناءً على SnO2. نظهر أن ETLs تحتاج إلى تطوير خصيصًا للركائز البلاستيكية من أجل تحقيق خلايا مرنة فعالة بنسبة 15 ٪. لا تنتقل الوصفات المطورة للركائز الزجاجية عادة مباشرة. من بين جميع ETLs، قدمت الطبقات المزدوجة ZnO/SnO2 أعلى متوسط لكفاءة تحويل الطاقة بنسبة 14.6 ٪ (أفضل خلية 14.8 ٪)، أعلى بنسبة 39 ٪ من الخلايا المرنة من نفس الدفعة بناءً على ETLs SnO2 فقط. ومع ذلك، وجد أن الخلايا التي تحتوي على ETL واحد مصنوع من جزيئات SnO2 النانوية أكثر استقرارًا وكذلك أكثر كفاءة وقابلية للتكاثر من SnO2 المتكون من سلائف سائلة (SnO2 - LP). كنا نهدف إلى زيادة فهم ما يجعل ETL جيدًا على ركائز البولي إيثيلين تيريفثالات (PET). أكثر من ضمان نقل الإلكترون (كما يتضح من تحليل مقاومة التيار المستمر والمقاومة التسلسلية)، فإن توفير مقاومات تحويلة عالية (RSH) وتيارات إعادة التركيب المنخفضة (Ioff) هو المفتاح للحصول على كفاءة عالية. في الواقع، كان RSH من PSCs المصنعة على الزجاج أكبر بمرتين، وكان Ioff أقل بنسبة 76 ٪ من الناحية النسبية، في المتوسط، من تلك الموجودة على PET، مما يشير إلى سلوك حجب أفضل بكثير لـ ETLs على الزجاج، مما يفسر إلى حد كبير الاختلافات في متوسط PCE (+29 ٪ من الناحية النسبية للزجاج مقابل PET) بين هذين النوعين من الأجهزة. الأهم من ذلك، وجدنا أيضًا اتجاهًا واضحًا لجميع ETLs وللركائز المختلفة بين سلوك الترطيب لكل سطح والأداء النهائي للجهاز، مع زيادة الكفاءة مع انخفاض زوايا التلامس (تتراوح بين 50 و 80درجة). كان الترطيب الأفضل، مع انخفاض متوسط زوايا التلامس بنسبة 25 ٪ على الزجاج مقابل البولي إيثيلين تيرفثالات، مواتياً لتقديم طبقات وواجهات عالية الجودة. يمكن أن يساعد هذا الإدراك في تحسين الأجهزة المرنة بشكل أكبر وسد فجوة الكفاءة التي لا تزال موجودة مع نظيراتها الزجاجية.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ ACS Applied Energy M...arrow_drop_down
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    ACS Applied Energy Materials
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    ZENODO
    Article . 2022
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/wc...
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/ed...
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    ACS Applied Energy Materials
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Dianetti, M; DI GIACOMO, FRANCESCO; Polino, G; Ciceroni, C; +6 Authors

    In this work we present a transparent conductive oxide (TCO)-free flexible perovskite planar heterojunction solar cell made with a semitransparent anode realized with a highly conductive poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) PEDOT:PSS (PH1000 by Clevios) modified with ethylene glycol layer, deposited via spray coating. We investigated several formulations of PEDOT:PSS modified by addition of solvents with high boiling point such as ethylene glycol (EG) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Optimized samples show a 65% transmittance at 550 nm and a sheet resistance of 28 Omega/square. On these optimized electrodes we fabricated a TCO-free flexible device, the best of which exhibited a power conversion efficiency of 4.9% under 100 mW/cm(2) illumination at AM1.5G. The efficiency of the perovskite planar-heterojunction solar cell, with the modified PEDOT:PSS anode was comparable to the one realized on a PET-ITO anode. Moreover, in the bending test, ITO-free flexible solar cell manifested superior mechanical robustness, showing the high flexibility of the perovskite layer. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Archivio della Ricer...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    Article . 2015
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    Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells
    Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
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    IRIS Cnr
    Article . 2015
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Archivio della Ricer...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells
      Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      IRIS Cnr
      Article . 2015
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    Authors: Zarabiani, Nazila; Lucarelli, Giulia; Rasuli, Reza; De Rossi, Francesca; +4 Authors

    Most laboratories employ spin coating with application of antisolvent to achieve high efficiency in perovskite solar cells. However, this method wastes a lot of material and is not industrially usable. Conversely, large area coating techniques such as blade and slot-die require high precision engineering both for deposition of ink and for gas or for electromagnetic drying procedures that replace, out of necessity, anti-solvent engineering. Here we present a simple and effective method to deposit uniform high-quality perovskite films with a piece of paper as an applicator at low temperatures. We fabricated solar cells on flexible PET substrates manually with 11% power conversion efficiency. Deposition after soaking the sheet of paper in a green antisolvent improved the efficiency by 82% compared to when using dry paper as applicator. This new technique enables manual film deposition without any expensive equipment and has the potential to be fully automated for future optimization and exploitation.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Archivio della Ricer...arrow_drop_down
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    iScience
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    iScience
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    iScience
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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    http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.is...
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Archivio della Ricer...arrow_drop_down
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      iScience
      Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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      http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.is...
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Polino G.; Casaluci S.; Dianetti M.; Dell'Elce S.; +9 Authors

    AbstractIn this work, we present the realization and characterization of bulk‐heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells in which we use a spin‐coated polyethylenimine‐ethoxylated (PEIE) layer as electron‐transporting layer deposited from a fully water‐based solution. We investigated several concentrations of PEIE in aqueous solution and characterized the chemical and electrical behavior of PEIE‐coated fluorinated tin oxide (FTO) substrates. We realized BHJ solar cells using P3HT:PC60BM as active layer achieving a maximum efficiency of 4 % that outperform the device fabricated using a 2‐methoxyethanol‐based PEIE solution considered as reference. Moreover, devices fabricated with the water‐based PEIE solution showed a higher shelf‐life stability compared to those made with the 2‐methoxyethanol‐based PEIE solution. The performances of the devices realized with the water‐based solution were characterized over a period of more than 6 months showing a decrease of 30 % in efficiency.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Energy Technologyarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Energy Technology
    Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
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    Article . 2015
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Energy Technology
      Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Samyuktha Noola; Gyanendra Shankar; Francesca De Rossi; Emanuele Calabrò; +3 Authors

    Optimising CuSCN as a hole transport layer enhances the power conversion efficiency of flexible carbon-based PSCs, combining excellent hole transport properties and cost effectiveness.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Sustainable Energy &...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Sustainable Energy & Fuels
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    https://doi.org/10.29363/nanog...
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Sustainable Energy &...arrow_drop_down
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      Sustainable Energy & Fuels
      Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
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      https://doi.org/10.29363/nanog...
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    Authors: La Notte, L; Mineo, D; Polino, G; Susanna, G; +4 Authors

    AbstractIn organic photovoltaics, large‐area‐compatible and solution‐based processes are the best candidates for achieving high throughput at low cost. Among these, spray coating is a well‐established technique in the industry that can be successfully applied to polymer solar cells (PSCs). In this study we report the demonstration of an automated spray process, completely performed in air, to fabricate the first fully spray‐coated modules on glass/transparent‐conducting‐oxide (TCO) substrates. For this purpose we started with optical and electrical characterization of single layers (TiO2, P3HT:PCBM, PEDOT‐CPP, and PEDOT‐PH1000), to obtain films with the desired properties. Then, photovoltaic cells and modules were fabricated by increasing the number of sprayed layers (1‐layer, 2‐layers, and fully sprayed devices completely free from evaporation processes). Good reproducibility and encouraging electrical performances were obtained. In particular, the 1‐layer, 2‐layer, and full modules (active area=6 cm2) exhibited conversion efficiencies of 1.8 %, 1.3 %, and 0.9 %, respectively. Therefore, the feasibility of a scalable and reliable process for spraying all layers of a semitransparent PSC module were demonstrated here with the potential of being applicable to plastic substrates by the introduction of a low‐temperature‐processed layer in place of TiO2.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Archivio della Ricer...arrow_drop_down
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    Energy Technology
    Article . 2013 . Peer-reviewed
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      Energy Technology
      Article . 2013 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Andrea Liscio; Giorgio Cardone; Aldo Di Carlo; Aldo Di Carlo; +5 Authors

    In the renewable energy field, the use of hybrid perovskite materials has opened up new directions to fabricate cost‐effective and highly efficient photovoltaic devices. Despite impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE), exceeding 25.2%, demonstrated on lab‐scale devices, scalability and stability of device are still topical issues. In this context, large‐area deposition procedures and automated fabrication protocols are required to achieve high throughput serial production of modules and panels. In this work, a spray‐coated tin oxide (SnO2) layer processed at low temperature for the realization of planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and modules is demonstrated. Using sprayed Np‐SnO2 as the electron transport layer (ETL), a CH3NH3PbI3‐based solar device shows a maximum PCE of 16.77% (avg. 15.01%) comparable to 17% (avg. 15.5%) with respect to spin‐coated Np‐SnO2. Unencapsulated spray‐ and spin‐coated PSCs stored in 25 °C and 50% relative humidity show shelf life stability by retaining 85% of the initial PCE value after more than 1000 h. Moreover, the feasibility of fabrication of the modules with 15 cm2 active area is demonstrated, which reaches 9.37% of PCE from uniform spray‐deposited SnO2 film on a large area (20 × 20 cm2).

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ CNR ExploRAarrow_drop_down
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    ZENODO
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    ZENODO
    Article . 2020
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    Energy Technology
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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    Energy Technology
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    Energy Technology
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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      Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Atiq Ur Rahman; Aliah El Astal-Quirós; Gianpaolo Susanna; Hamed Javanbakht; +7 Authors

    We reported the comparative studies of the optimization of solution-processable tungsten trioxide (WO3) as a hole transporting layer (HTL) in inverted organic photovoltaics (OPVs) using spin coating, slot-die coating, and spray coating technologies for scaling-up applications. To facilitate the technology’s transition into commercial manufacturing, it is necessary to explore the role of scalable technologies for low-cost and efficient device fabrication. We investigated the role of diluting WO3 with isopropanol as an HTL in inverted OPVs to solve the issue of poor wettability of the hydrophobic surface of the PBDB-T: ITIC bulk heterojunction layer. The optimal dilution ratios of WO3 with isopropanol were 1:4, 1:4 and 1:8 with spin coating, slot-die coating and spray coating techniques, respectively. We evaluated the device performance by conducting a current density–voltage (J-V) analysis, incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) measurements, and ultraviolet–visible (UV-Vis) absorbance spectra for various WO3 concentrations. The J-V characteristics revealed that slot-die coating resulted in the highest performance, followed by the spray coating technology. We further investigated the impact of the annealing temperature on device performance for both slot-die- and spray-coated diluted WO3. The highest device performance was achieved at an annealing temperature of 120 °C for both coating technologies. This research offers valuable insights into the scalable fabrication of inverted OPV devices, paving the way for cost-effective and efficient large-scale production.

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    Energies
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: La Notte, Luca; Polino, Giuseppina; Ciceroni, Claudio; Brunetti, Francesca; +3 Authors

    AbstractThe use of low‐band‐gap polymer donors in the field of polymer solar cells (PSCs) allows to reduce the gap with other consolidated photovoltaic technologies because high conversion efficiencies can be achieved. Unfortunately, optimal performance is strongly correlated to the use of chlorinated solvents, known to be harmful in working conditions due to their toxicity towards environment and human health. For this reason, high‐performing PSCs have been deposited via small‐area techniques. We report on the use of a PBDTTT‐C‐T:PC70BM blend dissolved in the non‐chlorinated solventortho‐xylene for the deposition of spin‐coated and spray‐coated active layers in direct PSCs. An impressive conversion efficiency of 8 % is obtained for the spin‐coated blend, whereas the significant value of 4.4 % is achieved by using the spray‐coated blend. The work opens the way to the use of low‐band‐gap materials in spray coating, a non‐wasteful technique compatible with coating large areas.

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    Energy Technology
    Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
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      Energy Technology
      Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Fallahpour, AH; Ulisse, G; AUF DER MAUR, MATTHIAS; DI CARLO, ALDO; +1 Authors

    In this paper, we report an investigation of the optical and electrical properties of an organic solar cell (OSC) with a back contact grating architecture through 3-D numerical simulations. By using finite-element methods for both optical and transport properties, we have modeled the behavior of OSC with a grating architecture and compared with a conventional planar structure. Based on these optoelectrical simulations, we optimized the back contact grating, obtaining an increment of up to 17.5% in power conversion efficiency with respect to a planar structured OSC. This enhancement is the result of an increase of both short-circuit current and fill factor.

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    IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics
    Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
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