• Energy Research

In the era of limited resources and progressive environmental degradation, the circular economy is a practical application of sustainable development. It is an alternative, but also competitive way to achieve economic growth in accordance with the principles of sustainable development. This issue was considered in this paper in the context of the Ukrainian economy. The Ukrainian economy’s transformation into a circular one needs to find ways to choose practical tools for such a transition, considering the destructive impact of economic activities on the environment, population, and economy. The goal was to develop a method of choosing tools for the circular transformations of economic activities for each cluster and to reduce man-made damage to the environment. Cluster analysis, fuzzy C-means method, and grouping of economic activities were used. Two analyzed sectors turned out to be the most interesting: mining and quarrying, and electricity, gas, steam, and air conditioning supply, which were finally assigned to the cluster with a high level of destructive impact, defined as ‘environmentally unfriendly’. The proposed method allows the choice of circular transformation tools for economic activities depending on the destructive impact of these economic activities within each cluster.

Introduction. In modern conditions, enterprises have every opportunity to implement all types of international economic activity. The main issues are the administration of the efficiency of international economic activity. The urgency of the work is due to the need for comprehensive research in the field of administration of efficiency of international economic activity. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to study the administration of the effectiveness of international economic activity and review the regulations on its implementation. This defined the following tasks: 1) to investigate the regulations of international economic activity of the enterprise; 2) to analyse the efficiency of foreign economic activity in terms of economic efficiency of imports; 3) to develop an approach to the administration of the efficiency of international economic activity of the enterprise. Results. The article examines the system of regulations on international economic activity of enterprises and its administration. The essence of the concept of "efficiency of international economic activity" and the classification of efficiency indicators are highlighted. Factors influencing the income and expenditure of international economic activity for its effectiveness are considered. The analysis of administration of efficiency of international economic activity of subjects of economic activity by means of an indicator of efficiency of import is carried out. The efficiency of one import operation is calculated on an example. It is proposed to consider the effective administration of import activities carried out by the company, if each 1 UAH costs more than 1 UAH income. Conclusions. The paper identifies the stages at which both internal and external administration of foreign economic activity of the enterprise. Stages for administration of efficiency by international economic activity of the enterprises are offered. According to the results of research, the need to create a regulatory framework for the administration of the effectiveness of international economic activity of enterprises is substantiated.

Introduction. The problem of Ukraine's economic development in modern conditions is directly related to the implementation of the Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement, so the national economy is facing new opportunities and challenges, including the lack of effective mechanisms to restrict timber exports. The research aimed at assessing the effectiveness of the export bans to the EU. Aim and tasks. The aim of the paper is to study the mechanisms of regulation of the timber market and their export to the EU. Results. The impact of the imposed moratorium on the declared goals is analyzed in the paper. Analyzed statistics show no effect moratorium on the reduction of deforestation and halt exports of unprocessed timber. It is also impossible to make a clear conclusion about the positive impact of the moratorium on the supply of raw materials of domestic enterprises woodworking and furniture industries. However, within the structure of Ukrainian exports, the share of products of woodworking and furniture industries has increased. This was due to the reduction of Ukrainian export volumes against the background of increasing the share of exports of timber and wood products, as well as the resumption of sales of the furniture industry. Conclusions. A study of the ban on raw wood showed that in general, the effect of the moratorium imposed is not obvious, since the number of woodworking enterprises has increased and the level of employment in these sectors has increased. Ukraine requires the adoption of a comprehensive targeted program that would combine measures to develop both the woodworking and forest industries. The national interest of Ukraine is the preservation and restoration of forests, and the moratorium introduced is an example of how partial, fragmentary unsystematic decisions are made. The practical significance of the results allows to analyze existing and find new alternative export balance, ensuring equal opportunities and non-discrimination between domestic and European Union market.

This article deals with the nature and definition of economic security of business entities in the market of the machine building complex. Prerequisites and threats to restrict competition in the machine building market have been revealed. The prerequisites and threats of restricting competition in the machine building market are revealed and the directions of the state competitive policy are justified with the aim of strengthening economic security, depending on the causes and intensity of competition in accordance with the conditions of its manifestation. The assessment of institutional indicators of the economic security of the market environment and the sectoral measurement of the state of the competitive environment in the context of their impact on the level of economic security in the machine building complex were carried out.

Introduction. The relevance of research of the impact of human capital on the results of the enterprise conditioned by the high level of theoretical and practical importance of human capital for the dynamic development of enterprises and organizations in a market economy. Enterprise development is systemic changes of physical, organizational, intangible and financial factors of its functioning, which lead to positive economic changes. The overall development of the enterprise includes the following components: development strategy (creation and continuous improvement of competitive advantages of the enterprise); investment strategy; organizational strategy - creation of effective structure of the enterprise, system of its management and improvement; strategy for improving the efficiency of human capital (increasing the quality, quantity and efficiency of human capital of the enterprise). Purpose. The article aims to study the impact and ways to increase the efficiency of human capital use for enterprise development. Method (methodology). The following methods have been used in the course of the research: method of theoretical justification, method of statistical analysis, method of comparison, abstract and logical method, graphical and tabular method. Results. The main tendencies and regularities of influence of human capital on the development of the enterprise have been revealed. One of the essential features of modern production is its significant dependence on the quality and management of human capital, the forms of its use and the extent of staff involvement in enterprise management. High results of effective management of human capital of the enterprise can be achieved by constant analysis of the human capital, which is directly related to the parameters of the overall effective activity of the enterprise.

Introduction. The urgent task of modern corporate governance is to use innovative tools to develop the knowledge economy, where the primary source of wealth is human capital. A critical factor in the development of human capital in the new pandemic environment is to ensure the efficiency of staff to achieve commercial goals under any conditions of a sharp change in quarantine restrictions. The search for new tools for human capital development in insurance companies is an urgent and objective need. It will strengthen the competitive advantages of insurance companies in the face of such global challenges and threats as a pandemic. Aim and tasks. The article aims to determine the role and importance of tools for human capital development, to find new ways to improve them, taking into account the trends of pandemic waves. The following main tasks are 1) to explore the essence of existing tools for human capital development; 2) to establish the relationship between the use of appropriate tools for human capital development in the context of the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic; 3) propose approaches to the use of human capital development tools to qualitatively and quantitatively increase the competitiveness of insurance companies. Results. The article examines the essence of existing tools for human capital development at the macro and micro levels. The essence of outsourcing, outstaffing, personnel leasing, crowdsourcing, coworking, freelancing is analyzed. The relationship between the use of appropriate tools for human capital development in the context of the spread of new waves of the COVID-19 pandemic and the effectiveness of insurance companies is established. Approaches to using human capital development tools to qualitatively and quantitatively increase insurance companies' competitiveness are proposed. Conclusions. The paper defines the role and importance of such tools for human capital development as outsourcing, outstaffing, staff leasing, crowdsourcing, coworking, freelancing. Ways to improve them, taking into account the trends of pandemic waves, are proposed. A direct relationship between applying the tools of human capital development in the new waves of the COVID-19 pandemic and the effectiveness of insurance companies is established. It is proposed to use the analyzed tools to qualitatively and quantitatively increase the competitiveness of insurance companies.

Introduction. The relevance of the study of modern management systems and their elements grows every year along with the strengthening of the innovative impact of information and communication technologies on the results of enterprises. Human capital management tools acquire innovative features, which is due to the increase in the share of modern technologies with a high level of intellectualization, which are used in the implementation of economic activities of enterprises and organizations. Purpose. The study of modern management systems, their components and human capital management tools as a basis for finding ways to solve the strategic task of Ukraine in the conditions of protecting its statehood during the Russian-Ukrainian war. Method (methodology). The methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison, substantiation, statistical analysis, abstract-logical, graphic and tabular methods were used in the process of work. Results. The place of human capital development tools in the modern management system of an IT company has been studied and analyzed. It is established that investments in knowledge, skills and abilities of employees play the role of a key tool for the development of human capital. It was revealed that the leadership's readiness for managerial innovations, creating conditions for increasing the value and return on investment in human capital contributes to the growth of social reproduction and is a source of recovery of the economy of Ukraine in the future. It is proposed to consider the results of intellectual work based on the latest technologies for working with big data, automation and robotization of production together with energy- and resource-saving technologies as priority areas of investment for the reconstruction of the country. The future investment priorities of the state, in addition to the restoration of industry and infrastructure, are recommended to include investments in education, health care, social protection of the population, the development of scientific and scientific and technical activities, and the improvement of professional qualification standards of higher education. An innovative model of the management system based on the principles of generating new ideas and initiatives, searching for creative non-standard management solutions, where the main role is played by a new type of manager-innovator, is proposed.