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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Amira M. Badr; Naglaa F. El-Orabi; Yasmen F. Mahran; Amul M. Badr; +4 Authors

    Gastric ulcer is a serious disease that affects millions of individuals worldwide. Alcohol consumption is a major contributor to the disease pathogenesis and ethanol-induced ulcer in rats closely recapitulates the clinical pathology of ulcer. In this study, rats were pretreated with carvacrol (CAR,50 and 100 mg/kg, orally) 1 h before absolute ethanol administration to induce gastric ulcer. CAR prevented ethanol-induced increases in gastric volume and acidity while restored mucin content. The gastro-protective activity of CAR, particularly the higher dose (100 mg/kg), was further supported by histopathological examination, as manifested by reduced gastric lesions. Interestingly, oxidative stress is linked to early stages of ulcer development and progression. In this study, ethanol administration upregulated the levels of ROS-producing enzymes, NADPH oxidase homologs 1 and 4 (Nox1 and Nox4) and lipid peroxides while depleting the antioxidant defense mechanisms, including GSH, Glutathione Peroxidase (GPX) and catalase. Interestingly, these alterations were significantly ameliorated by CAR pretreatment. Additionally, CAR possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities. Pretreatment with CAR blunted ethanol-induced increases in inflammatory cytokines (NF-κB and TNF-α) and rectified the apoptosis regulator (Bax/Bcl2 ratio) in gastric tissue. Moreover, the docking simulation of CAR illustrated good fitting and interactions with GPX, Nox1 and TNF-α through the formation of hydrogen and hydrophobic (pi-H) bonds with conservative amino acids, thus, further supporting the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects underlying the gastroprotective effects of CAR. In conclusion, this study elucidates, using in silico and in vivo models, that the gastroprotective activity of CAR is attributed, at least in part, to its mucin-secretagogue, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic mechanisms.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Chemico-Biological I...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Chemico-Biological Interactions
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Chemico-Biological I...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Chemico-Biological Interactions
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/

    La consommation d'éthanol est l'un des agents causals communs impliqués dans le développement de l'ulcère gastrique. Le stress oxydatif joue un rôle majeur dans l'induction et le développement de l'ulcération gastrique. Les NADPH oxydases (NOX) et le facteur 2 lié au facteur érythroïde 2 nucléaire (Nrf2) sont des acteurs clés des ulcères induits par l'éthanol. Le groupe de haute mobilité Box 1 (HMGB1), une protéine nucléaire omniprésente, intervient dans diverses fonctions inflammatoires. Cependant, le rôle du HMGB1 dans l'ulcère gastrique induit par l'éthanol n'est pas encore élucidé. La cétone de framboise (RK) est un composé phénolique naturel aux propriétés antioxydantes et anti-inflammatoires. Dans la présente étude, de l'éthanol absolu (7,5 ml/kg) a été utilisé pour induire une ulcération gastrique chez le rat. La cétone de framboise (RK) (50 mg/kg) a été administrée par voie orale une heure avant l'administration d'éthanol absolu. Il est intéressant de noter que l'ulcère gastrique induit par l'éthanol était associé à une régulation négative de Nrf2, qui était corrélée à une régulation positive de NOX-1, 2 NOX-4 et HMGB1, et était significativement inversée par le prétraitement RK. Le prétraitement RK a fourni 80 % de gastroprotection. Les propriétés gastroprotectrices de la RK ont été médiées par des activités antioxydantes, anti-inflammatoires (suppression de NF-kB et du facteur de nécrose tumorale-α) et antiapoptotiques (réduction du rapport Bax/Bcl2). Les propriétés gastroprotectrices de la RK ont été confirmées par un examen histopathologique. En conclusion, cette étude est la première à fournir des preuves du rôle de HMGB1 dans l'ulcère gastrique induit par l'éthanol, et de la diaphonie de Nrf2, NOXs et HMGB1. Il démontre également que la RK représente une activité gastroprotectrice prometteuse comparable à l'oméprazole. El consumo de etanol es uno de los agentes causales comunes implicados en el desarrollo de úlceras gástricas. El estrés oxidativo juega un papel importante en la inducción y el desarrollo de la ulceración gástrica. Las NADPH oxidasas (NOX) y el factor 2 relacionado con el factor eritroide nuclear 2 (Nrf2) son actores clave en las úlceras inducidas por etanol. La caja de grupo de alta movilidad 1 (HMGB1), una proteína nuclear ubicua, media varias funciones inflamatorias. Sin embargo, el papel de HMGB1 en la úlcera gástrica inducida por etanol aún no se ha dilucidado. La cetona de frambuesa (RK) es un compuesto fenólico natural con propiedades antioxidantes y antiinflamatorias. En el presente estudio, se utilizó etanol absoluto (7,5 ml/kg) para inducir la ulceración gástrica en ratas. La cetona de frambuesa (RK) (50 mg/kg) se administró por vía oral una hora antes de la administración de etanol absoluto. Curiosamente, la úlcera gástrica inducida por etanol se asoció con la regulación negativa de Nrf2, que se correlacionó con la regulación positiva de NOX-1, 2 NOX-4 y HMGB1, y se revirtió significativamente mediante el pretratamiento con RK. El pretratamiento con RK proporcionó un 80% de gastroprotección. Las propiedades gastroprotectoras de RK estuvieron mediadas por actividades antioxidantes, antiinflamatorias (supresión de NF-kB y factor de necrosis tumoral-α) y antiapoptóticas (reducción de la relación Bax/Bcl2). Las propiedades gastroprotectoras de RK se confirmaron mediante un examen histopatológico. En conclusión, este estudio es el primero en proporcionar evidencia del papel de HMGB1 en la úlcera gástrica inducida por etanol y la diafonía de Nrf2, NOXs y HMGB1. También demuestra que RK representa una actividad gastroprotectora prometedora comparable al omeprazol. Ethanol consumption is one of the common causative agents implicated in gastric ulcer development. Oxidative stress plays a major role in the induction and development of gastric ulceration. NADPH oxidases (NOXs) and Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) are key players in ethanol-induced ulcers. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a ubiquitous nuclear protein, mediates various inflammation functions. However, the role of HMGB1 in ethanol-induced gastric ulcer is not yet elucidated. Raspberry Ketone (RK) is a natural phenolic compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study, absolute ethanol (7.5 ml/kg) was used to induce gastric ulceration in rats. Raspberry Ketone (RK) (50 mg/kg) was given orally one hour before the administration of absolute ethanol. Interestingly, ethanol-induced gastric ulcer was associated with Nrf2 downregulation, which was correlated with NOX-1, 2 NOX-4, and HMGB1 upregulation, and was significantly reversed by RK pre-treatment. RK pre-treatment provided 80% gastroprotection. Gastroprotective properties of RK were mediated via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory (suppression of NF-kB and tumor necrosis factor-α), and antiapoptotic activities (reduction of Bax/Bcl2 ratio). Gastroprotective properties of RK were confirmed by histopathological examination. In conclusion, this study is the first to provide evidence to the role of HMGB1 in ethanol-induced gastric ulcer, and the crosstalk of Nrf2, NOXs and HMGB1. It also demonstrates that RK represents a promising gastroprotective activity comparable to omeprazole. استهلاك الإيثانول هو أحد العوامل المسببة الشائعة المتورطة في تطور قرحة المعدة. يلعب الإجهاد التأكسدي دورًا رئيسيًا في تحريض وتطور تقرح المعدة. تعد أكسيدازات NADPH (NOXs) والعامل النووي 2 المرتبط بالعامل 2 (Nrf2) لاعبين رئيسيين في القرحة الناجمة عن الإيثانول. يتوسط صندوق المجموعة 1 عالي الحركة (HMGB1)، وهو بروتين نووي في كل مكان، وظائف الالتهاب المختلفة. ومع ذلك، لم يتم بعد توضيح دور HMGB1 في قرحة المعدة التي يسببها الإيثانول. كيتون التوت (RK) هو مركب فينولي طبيعي له خصائص مضادة للأكسدة ومضادة للالتهابات. في هذه الدراسة، تم استخدام الإيثانول المطلق (7.5 مل/كجم) للحث على تقرح المعدة في الفئران. تم إعطاء كيتون التوت (RK) (50 مجم/كجم) عن طريق الفم قبل ساعة واحدة من إعطاء الإيثانول المطلق. ومن المثير للاهتمام أن قرحة المعدة الناجمة عن الإيثانول ارتبطت بتخفيض تنظيم Nrf2، والذي كان مرتبطًا بزيادة تنظيم NOX -1 و 2 NOX -4 و HMGB1، وتم عكسها بشكل كبير عن طريق المعالجة المسبقة لـ RK. يوفر العلاج المسبق للمسكنات العلاجية حماية للمعدة بنسبة 80 ٪. تم التوسط في خصائص الجهاز الهضمي لـ RK عن طريق مضادات الأكسدة، ومضادات الالتهابات (قمع NF - kB وعامل نخر الورم- α)، والأنشطة المضادة للجهاز الهضمي (تقليل نسبة BAX/Bcl2). تم تأكيد خصائص حماية الجهاز الهضمي لـ RK من خلال الفحص النسيجي المرضي. في الختام، هذه الدراسة هي الأولى التي تقدم دليلاً على دور HMGB1 في قرحة المعدة التي يسببها الإيثانول، والتداخل بين Nrf2 و NOXs و HMGB1. كما يوضح أن RK يمثل نشاطًا واعدًا لحماية الجهاز الهضمي مشابهًا لأوميبرازول.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ PLoS ONEarrow_drop_down
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    PLoS ONE
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Amira M. Badr; Naglaa F. El-Orabi; Yasmen F. Mahran; Amul M. Badr; +4 Authors

    Gastric ulcer is a serious disease that affects millions of individuals worldwide. Alcohol consumption is a major contributor to the disease pathogenesis and ethanol-induced ulcer in rats closely recapitulates the clinical pathology of ulcer. In this study, rats were pretreated with carvacrol (CAR,50 and 100 mg/kg, orally) 1 h before absolute ethanol administration to induce gastric ulcer. CAR prevented ethanol-induced increases in gastric volume and acidity while restored mucin content. The gastro-protective activity of CAR, particularly the higher dose (100 mg/kg), was further supported by histopathological examination, as manifested by reduced gastric lesions. Interestingly, oxidative stress is linked to early stages of ulcer development and progression. In this study, ethanol administration upregulated the levels of ROS-producing enzymes, NADPH oxidase homologs 1 and 4 (Nox1 and Nox4) and lipid peroxides while depleting the antioxidant defense mechanisms, including GSH, Glutathione Peroxidase (GPX) and catalase. Interestingly, these alterations were significantly ameliorated by CAR pretreatment. Additionally, CAR possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities. Pretreatment with CAR blunted ethanol-induced increases in inflammatory cytokines (NF-κB and TNF-α) and rectified the apoptosis regulator (Bax/Bcl2 ratio) in gastric tissue. Moreover, the docking simulation of CAR illustrated good fitting and interactions with GPX, Nox1 and TNF-α through the formation of hydrogen and hydrophobic (pi-H) bonds with conservative amino acids, thus, further supporting the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects underlying the gastroprotective effects of CAR. In conclusion, this study elucidates, using in silico and in vivo models, that the gastroprotective activity of CAR is attributed, at least in part, to its mucin-secretagogue, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic mechanisms.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Chemico-Biological I...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Chemico-Biological Interactions
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Chemico-Biological I...arrow_drop_down
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      Chemico-Biological Interactions
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/

    La consommation d'éthanol est l'un des agents causals communs impliqués dans le développement de l'ulcère gastrique. Le stress oxydatif joue un rôle majeur dans l'induction et le développement de l'ulcération gastrique. Les NADPH oxydases (NOX) et le facteur 2 lié au facteur érythroïde 2 nucléaire (Nrf2) sont des acteurs clés des ulcères induits par l'éthanol. Le groupe de haute mobilité Box 1 (HMGB1), une protéine nucléaire omniprésente, intervient dans diverses fonctions inflammatoires. Cependant, le rôle du HMGB1 dans l'ulcère gastrique induit par l'éthanol n'est pas encore élucidé. La cétone de framboise (RK) est un composé phénolique naturel aux propriétés antioxydantes et anti-inflammatoires. Dans la présente étude, de l'éthanol absolu (7,5 ml/kg) a été utilisé pour induire une ulcération gastrique chez le rat. La cétone de framboise (RK) (50 mg/kg) a été administrée par voie orale une heure avant l'administration d'éthanol absolu. Il est intéressant de noter que l'ulcère gastrique induit par l'éthanol était associé à une régulation négative de Nrf2, qui était corrélée à une régulation positive de NOX-1, 2 NOX-4 et HMGB1, et était significativement inversée par le prétraitement RK. Le prétraitement RK a fourni 80 % de gastroprotection. Les propriétés gastroprotectrices de la RK ont été médiées par des activités antioxydantes, anti-inflammatoires (suppression de NF-kB et du facteur de nécrose tumorale-α) et antiapoptotiques (réduction du rapport Bax/Bcl2). Les propriétés gastroprotectrices de la RK ont été confirmées par un examen histopathologique. En conclusion, cette étude est la première à fournir des preuves du rôle de HMGB1 dans l'ulcère gastrique induit par l'éthanol, et de la diaphonie de Nrf2, NOXs et HMGB1. Il démontre également que la RK représente une activité gastroprotectrice prometteuse comparable à l'oméprazole. El consumo de etanol es uno de los agentes causales comunes implicados en el desarrollo de úlceras gástricas. El estrés oxidativo juega un papel importante en la inducción y el desarrollo de la ulceración gástrica. Las NADPH oxidasas (NOX) y el factor 2 relacionado con el factor eritroide nuclear 2 (Nrf2) son actores clave en las úlceras inducidas por etanol. La caja de grupo de alta movilidad 1 (HMGB1), una proteína nuclear ubicua, media varias funciones inflamatorias. Sin embargo, el papel de HMGB1 en la úlcera gástrica inducida por etanol aún no se ha dilucidado. La cetona de frambuesa (RK) es un compuesto fenólico natural con propiedades antioxidantes y antiinflamatorias. En el presente estudio, se utilizó etanol absoluto (7,5 ml/kg) para inducir la ulceración gástrica en ratas. La cetona de frambuesa (RK) (50 mg/kg) se administró por vía oral una hora antes de la administración de etanol absoluto. Curiosamente, la úlcera gástrica inducida por etanol se asoció con la regulación negativa de Nrf2, que se correlacionó con la regulación positiva de NOX-1, 2 NOX-4 y HMGB1, y se revirtió significativamente mediante el pretratamiento con RK. El pretratamiento con RK proporcionó un 80% de gastroprotección. Las propiedades gastroprotectoras de RK estuvieron mediadas por actividades antioxidantes, antiinflamatorias (supresión de NF-kB y factor de necrosis tumoral-α) y antiapoptóticas (reducción de la relación Bax/Bcl2). Las propiedades gastroprotectoras de RK se confirmaron mediante un examen histopatológico. En conclusión, este estudio es el primero en proporcionar evidencia del papel de HMGB1 en la úlcera gástrica inducida por etanol y la diafonía de Nrf2, NOXs y HMGB1. También demuestra que RK representa una actividad gastroprotectora prometedora comparable al omeprazol. Ethanol consumption is one of the common causative agents implicated in gastric ulcer development. Oxidative stress plays a major role in the induction and development of gastric ulceration. NADPH oxidases (NOXs) and Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) are key players in ethanol-induced ulcers. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a ubiquitous nuclear protein, mediates various inflammation functions. However, the role of HMGB1 in ethanol-induced gastric ulcer is not yet elucidated. Raspberry Ketone (RK) is a natural phenolic compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study, absolute ethanol (7.5 ml/kg) was used to induce gastric ulceration in rats. Raspberry Ketone (RK) (50 mg/kg) was given orally one hour before the administration of absolute ethanol. Interestingly, ethanol-induced gastric ulcer was associated with Nrf2 downregulation, which was correlated with NOX-1, 2 NOX-4, and HMGB1 upregulation, and was significantly reversed by RK pre-treatment. RK pre-treatment provided 80% gastroprotection. Gastroprotective properties of RK were mediated via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory (suppression of NF-kB and tumor necrosis factor-α), and antiapoptotic activities (reduction of Bax/Bcl2 ratio). Gastroprotective properties of RK were confirmed by histopathological examination. In conclusion, this study is the first to provide evidence to the role of HMGB1 in ethanol-induced gastric ulcer, and the crosstalk of Nrf2, NOXs and HMGB1. It also demonstrates that RK represents a promising gastroprotective activity comparable to omeprazole. استهلاك الإيثانول هو أحد العوامل المسببة الشائعة المتورطة في تطور قرحة المعدة. يلعب الإجهاد التأكسدي دورًا رئيسيًا في تحريض وتطور تقرح المعدة. تعد أكسيدازات NADPH (NOXs) والعامل النووي 2 المرتبط بالعامل 2 (Nrf2) لاعبين رئيسيين في القرحة الناجمة عن الإيثانول. يتوسط صندوق المجموعة 1 عالي الحركة (HMGB1)، وهو بروتين نووي في كل مكان، وظائف الالتهاب المختلفة. ومع ذلك، لم يتم بعد توضيح دور HMGB1 في قرحة المعدة التي يسببها الإيثانول. كيتون التوت (RK) هو مركب فينولي طبيعي له خصائص مضادة للأكسدة ومضادة للالتهابات. في هذه الدراسة، تم استخدام الإيثانول المطلق (7.5 مل/كجم) للحث على تقرح المعدة في الفئران. تم إعطاء كيتون التوت (RK) (50 مجم/كجم) عن طريق الفم قبل ساعة واحدة من إعطاء الإيثانول المطلق. ومن المثير للاهتمام أن قرحة المعدة الناجمة عن الإيثانول ارتبطت بتخفيض تنظيم Nrf2، والذي كان مرتبطًا بزيادة تنظيم NOX -1 و 2 NOX -4 و HMGB1، وتم عكسها بشكل كبير عن طريق المعالجة المسبقة لـ RK. يوفر العلاج المسبق للمسكنات العلاجية حماية للمعدة بنسبة 80 ٪. تم التوسط في خصائص الجهاز الهضمي لـ RK عن طريق مضادات الأكسدة، ومضادات الالتهابات (قمع NF - kB وعامل نخر الورم- α)، والأنشطة المضادة للجهاز الهضمي (تقليل نسبة BAX/Bcl2). تم تأكيد خصائص حماية الجهاز الهضمي لـ RK من خلال الفحص النسيجي المرضي. في الختام، هذه الدراسة هي الأولى التي تقدم دليلاً على دور HMGB1 في قرحة المعدة التي يسببها الإيثانول، والتداخل بين Nrf2 و NOXs و HMGB1. كما يوضح أن RK يمثل نشاطًا واعدًا لحماية الجهاز الهضمي مشابهًا لأوميبرازول.

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