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The economy is undergoing a radical transformation in all its structures, completely changing the methods of management. Changes are taking place on a global scale based on the digital technologies being implemented. The role of the state and executive authorities is being completely rethought. They are transforming themselves into “digital governments”, IT platforms, and forming their own digital structures with a list of services that are necessary for the population. In this study the following 4 directions of development of the public administration system were identified and reviewed in detail: digital reforms in the public administration system; long-term balance and sustainability of public administration; focusing on improving the quality and efficiency of public services; implementation of project management methods for the development and implementation of state programs. Based on the conducted research, current trends in public administration have been highlighted, and it was concluded that the trends in the development of modern economies include the mandatory participation of the state.

The present study is motivated by the need to decouple economic growth from environmental degradation given the new wave of chase for higher economic growth trajectories comes with its environmental cost implications, especially among developing blocs like the Emerging 7 (E7) countries. There is a consistent trade-off between economic growth versus environmental quality. Government apparatus are perpetually on the chase for low-carbon emission policies via the pursuit for green economy. To this end, this present study extends the conventional environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) argument by incorporating the role of institution in emerging industrialized economies (E7) and using second-generation panel analysis methods like mean group (MG), augmented mean group (AMG), common correlated effects mean group (CCEMG), and the Dumitrescu and Hurlin causality test for more robust estimates and inferences. To this end, we explore the long-run and causality relationship between economic growth, quadratic form of economic growth, institutional quality, trade flow, investment in energy sector, and financial development in an EKC environment. Empirical analysis established a long-run equilibrium relationship among the outlined variables over the study period. The long-run regression shows the presence of EKC in the E7. Thus, suggesting the preference for GDP growth over environmental quality at the earlier stage of growth curve. Interestingly, investment in energy, trade flow dynamics across the blocs, and financial development dampens the detrimental effect of environmental pollution as we observed negative relationship with the ecological footprint. On the contrary, quality of institution is weak as institutional quality increase (worsen) the quality of environment in the E7 economies. From a policy perspective, this current study proposed the need for more stringent environmental treaties and regulations and promotion of green economy without compromising economic growth. In the conclusion part of the study, more details and specifics about the policy blueprint are presented.

Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 1996. Kaynakça (s. 70-76) var. v, 76(4) s. ; 30 cm. TEZ2238 …

This final paper will describe the method of measuring operational parameters of wind farms. Measurements carried out in the field and the necessary legislative regulations for the construction of wind farms will be requested. The process of building a wind farm is shown through preliminary research in the area of the future wind farm, which takes about three years. Then follows the process of obtaining the necessary permits. During construction and after its completion, the emphasis is on carrying out technical tests and measurements. These tests are important regarding the safety, reliability and quality of the installed equipment. This paper will present an overview of the methods of measuring the operational parameters of wind farms, the energy aspects of wind and the necessary legislation in the regulation of the construction of wind farms. U ovom završnom radu opisat će se metoda mjerenja operativnih parametara vjetroparka. Prikazat će se mjerenja provedena na terenu i potrebna zakonodavna regulativa za potrebe izgradnje vjetroparkova. Proces izgradnje vjetroelektrane prikazan je kroz preliminarna istraživanja na području buduće vjetroelektrane, što traje cca tri godine. Potom slijedi proces ishođenja potrebnih dozvola. Tijekom izgradnje i nakon njezina završetka naglasak je na provođenju tehničkih ispitivanja i mjerenja. Ta ispitivanja bitna su glede sigurnosti, pouzdanosti i kvalitete ugrađene opreme. Kroz ovaj rad prikazat će se pregled metoda mjerenja operativnih parametara vjetroparkova, energetski aspekti vjetra te potrebna zakonodavstva u regulaciji izgradnje vjetroparkova.

21 ÖZET Bu çalışmada, sıçanlarda deneysel olarak geliştirilen stres (hareketsizlik + soğuk), indometazin, etanol ülserinde, ksantin oksidaz inhibitörü allopurinol ve serbest radikal tutucusu SOD'nin etkileri ve serbest oksijen radikallerinin stres, indometazin ve etanol ülseri gelişimindeki rolleri araştırılmıştır. Hareketsizlik + soğuk stresi uygulanan grupta ülser skoru (mm.) 20.0±3.8 olarak bulunurken, önceden allopurinol uygulanan sıçanlarda ülser skoru 9.8+1.3 olarak belirlenmiş ve her iki grubun değerleri birbiriyle karşılaştırıldığında fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0,001). SOD verilen ayrı bir grupta ise ülser skoru 13.4±2.4 olarak belirlenmiştir. Ülser kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında SOD'nin ülser gelişimini istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir şekilde (p<0,001) önlediği sap tanmıştır. İndometazin verilen sıçanlarda ülser skorunun 22.4±2.8mm. olduğu gözlenmiştir. İndomatezin verilme den önce allopurinol verilen grupta ülser skorunun 13.5±2.4, SOD verilen grupta ise ülser skorunun 7. 6±1. 3 mm. olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında, allopurinolün ve SOD'nin ülser gelişimini istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede22 (p<0,001) olarak azalttığı saptanmıştır. Ayrıca SOD ve Allopurinol uygulanan gruplar birbirleri ile karşılaştırıldığında SOD ' nin allopurinolden daha etkin bir şekilde lezyon gelişmesini engellediği belirlenmiştir. % 40 v/v etanol uygulanan sıçanlarda ülser skoru 23,8±5/9 olarak saptanmıştır. Allopurinol uygulanan grupta allopurinolün ülser gelişimini anlamlı olarak azalttığı (P<0,001); ülser skorunun 12.8±2.2 olduğu gözlenmiştir. SOD verilen grupta ise ülser skoru 18.7±4.8 olarak belirlenmiş ve kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında farkın istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmadığı (p>0,005) saptanmıştır. Bu çalışmadaki çıkarımımız; stres ülserinde ksantin oksidaz ve lipoksi jenaz, indometazin ülserinde esas olarak lipoksijenaz ve daha az olarak ksantin oksidaz, etanol ülserinde ksantin oksidaz aracılığı ile oluşan serbest oksijen radikallerinin lezyon gelişiminde önemli rol oynadığını telkin ettiği şeklindedir. Sonuç olarak; deneysel oluşturulan stres, indometazin ve etanol ülserinde serbest oksijen radikallerinin de diğer hümoral mediyatörler yanında lezyon gelişmesinde önemli rolü olduğu ileri sürülebilir. 29

Dolomite-based binders are characterised by interesting technical and environmental features. For their synthesis, sources of both CaO and MgO are required. The idea developed in this work is to couple the synthesis of dolomite-based binders, starting from a natural dolomite, through the concept of concentrated solar energy (needed to drive the endothermal dolomite calcination process) in fluidised bed reactors. To this end, a fluidised bed system, where the concentrated solar radiation is mimicked by the use of Xe-lamps (short-arc), has been set up and operated. Natural dolomite (sieved in the 420-590 ?m size range) was calcined at a nominal temperature of 850 °C, and bed temperature profiles during solar-driven calcination were investigated. Then, four binders were prepared by mixing slaked dolomite (obtained from the hydration of solar calcined dolomite) with either blast furnace slag or coal fly ash as supplementary cementitious materials. The binders were hydrated for curing times ranging from 7 to 56 days. X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction and combined differential thermal and thermogravimetric analyses were employed as characterisation techniques both to analyse the chemical composition of starting materials and to investigate the evolution of the hydration in the four systems.

In this paper a novel generalised modelling framework for multi-energy systems containing storage elements is combined with a multi-objective model predictive control. The control objective is to both minimise the economic cost of importing energy into the system as well as providing the service of smoothing the profile of the electrical energy imported thus levelling the load and reducing peak demand. The capabilities of the approach are demonstrated by its application to a representative case study based on two buildings at the University of Manchester. Results show that model predictive control is capable of simultaneously addressing minimisation of economic cost as well as smoothing the electrical energy import.

This study highlights how Chinese economic development detrimentally impacted water quality in recent decades and how this has been improved by enormous investment in environmental remediation funded by the Chinese government. To our knowledge, this study is the first to describe the variability of surface water quality in inland waters in China, the affecting drivers behind the changes, and how the government-financed conservation actions have impacted water quality. Water quality was found to be poorest in the North and the Northeast China Plain where there is greater coverage of developed land (cities + cropland), a higher gross domestic product (GDP), and higher population density. There are significant positive relationships between the concentration of the annual mean chemical oxygen demand (COD) and the percentage of developed land use (cities + cropland), GDP, and population density in the individual watersheds (p < 0.001). During the past decade, following Chinese government-financed investments in environmental restoration and reforestation, the water quality of Chinese inland waters has improved markedly, which is particularly evident from the significant and exponentially decreasing GDP-normalized COD and ammonium (NH4+-N) concentrations. It is evident that the increasing GDP in China over the past decade did not occur at the continued expense of its inland water ecosystems. This offers hope for the future, also for other industrializing countries, that with appropriate environmental investments a high GDP can be reached and maintained, while simultaneously preserving inland aquatic ecosystems, particularly through management of sewage discharge.

In the present work the influence of accelerated mineral carbonation on the leaching behaviour of basic oxygen furnace steel slag was investigated. The environmental behaviour of the material as evaluated through the release of major elements and toxic metals under varying pH conditions was the main focus of the study. Geochemical modelling of the eluates was used to derive a theoretical description of the underlying leaching phenomena for the carbonated material as compared to the original slag. Among the investigated elements, Ca and Si were most appreciably affected by carbonation. A very clear effect of carbonation on leaching was observed for silicate phases, and lower-Ca/Si-ratio minerals were found to control leaching in carbonated slag eluates as compared to the corresponding untreated slag sample as a result of Ca depletion from the residual slag particles. Clear evidence was also gained of solubility control for Ca, Mg and Mn by a number of carbonate minerals, indicating a significant involvement of the original slag constituents in the carbonation process. The release of toxic metals (Zn, V, Cr, Mo) was found to be variously affected by carbonation, owing to different mechanisms including pH changes, dissolution/precipitation of carbonates as well as sorption onto reactive mineral surfaces. The leaching test results were used to derive further considerations on the expected metal release levels on the basis of specific assumptions on the relevant pH domains for the untreated and carbonated slag.